EP2092805B1 - Chalumeau à plasma - Google Patents

Chalumeau à plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2092805B1
EP2092805B1 EP07825716A EP07825716A EP2092805B1 EP 2092805 B1 EP2092805 B1 EP 2092805B1 EP 07825716 A EP07825716 A EP 07825716A EP 07825716 A EP07825716 A EP 07825716A EP 2092805 B1 EP2092805 B1 EP 2092805B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torch
nozzle
holder
annular
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07825716A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2092805A1 (fr
Inventor
Silvano Dallavalle
Mauro Vancini
Vittorio Colombo
Emanuele Ghedini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cebora SpA
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Cebora SpA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2092805A1 publication Critical patent/EP2092805A1/fr
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Publication of EP2092805B1 publication Critical patent/EP2092805B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3457—Nozzle protection devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3478—Geometrical details

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a plasma torch, in particular a plasma torch with long-life operating elements.
  • These plasma torches basically comprise:
  • the nozzle and the protective element enable the plasma to be discharged through respective coaxial holes at their distal portion.
  • the covering unit is normally divided into two separate parts which are fitted together when the torch is assembled:
  • This second member is provided with the above mentioned central hole for the passage of the plasma arc and with a circular internal area shaped to accommodate a secondary gas ring or diffuser interposed between the second member itself and the outside surface of the nozzle holder.
  • this ring is provided with a plurality of openings distributed according to a well known pattern to enable the secondary gas to flow towards the plasma channel.
  • the flow of secondary gas is designed to:
  • the Applicant has designed and produced a plasma torch whose structure at the nozzle and nozzle holder cover area is such to greatly reduce wear of the second member of the covering unit through optimized use of the second fluid, without significantly altering the basic structure of the covering unit, and while maintaining the high operating quality of the torch.
  • this aim is achieved by a plasma torch, in particular a plasma torch for cutting metals comprising the technical characteristics described in one or more of the appended claims.
  • the torch 1 consists of a torch body 2 which extends mainly in length along an axis X and which basically comprises: an electrode 3; a nozzle 4; a nozzle support or holder 7 and a unit 10 for covering the nozzle 4 and the nozzle holder 7.
  • the electrode 3 is mounted centrally in the torch body 2 and can be connected to the negative pole of a power generator (not illustrated).
  • the nozzle 4 is mounted on the proximal end of the torch body 2, connectable to the positive pole of the generator to form an anode and surrounding the tip of the electrode 3 to form a chamber 5 where plasma is generated by feeding a first fluid (usually a gas, see arrows G1 in Figure 1 ) into it, and having a first central through hole 6 for the passage of the plasma.
  • a first fluid usually a gas, see arrows G1 in Figure 1
  • the nozzle support or holder 7 is joined directly to the torch body 2 and one of the latter's inside walls faces the outside wall of the nozzle 4 in such a way as to form a cooling chamber 8 through which a second cooling fluid F1 (for example, water) is fed by respective first means 9 (represented by a block in Figure 1 since they are of known type).
  • a second cooling fluid F1 for example, water
  • the nozzle 4 and nozzle holder 7 covering unit 10 is composed of two parts (see also Figures 2 to 5 ):
  • distal and proximal ends refer to an imaginary observation point OS close to the holes 6 and 11.
  • the covering unit 10 also forms a channel 12 through which a third secondary fluid F2 (indicated by the arrows F2) flows between the nozzle holder 7 and the covering unit 10 to reach the second hole 11: the third secondary fluid (which may be air - or other fluid/gas - fed by respective means 12m, illustrated as a block, and passing through a conduit 12c) prevents molten metal from entering the holes, improves directional accuracy of the plasma arc generated and protects the arc discharged by the torch from the atmosphere.
  • the third secondary fluid which may be air - or other fluid/gas - fed by respective means 12m, illustrated as a block, and passing through a conduit 12c
  • the proximal end of the first member 10a has an annular recess 14 adapted to form a surface 14p for supporting a lower annular abutment surface 15 afforded by a respective annular protrusion 16 of the second member 10b: these two areas enable the two members 10a and 10b to be slotted together during assembly of the torch 1.
  • the above mentioned plurality of concavities 13 is formed on the annular supporting surface 14p of the first member 10a (as clearly shown in Figures 6 and 7 ).
  • each concavity 13 formed on the supporting surface 14p may have, preferably but without limiting the scope of the invention, a semicircular cross section.
  • This plurality of semicircular concavities 13 are formed on the entire circular join area and are uniformly distributed on the annular supporting surface 14p of the first holder member 10a.
  • each concavity 13 formed on the first member 10a is alternated with a flat surface section 14p for supporting the second member 10b.
  • Figures 1 , 2 and 4 show that the second member 10b has an annular recess 17 which at least partly accommodates a ring 18 interposed between the second member 10b itself and the nozzle holder 7.
  • the ring 18, which constitutes a diffuser for the third fluid F2 has a plurality of holes 18a through which the third cooling fluid F2 can flow out towards the second hole 11.
  • the holes 18a are made, as known, at defined angles relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis X of the torch (or perpendicular to the axis X itself), and/or at defined angles relative to predetermined radial directions on the plane of the ring 18 so as permit generation of a suitable fluid flow towards the second hole 11.
  • join area between the first and the second member 10a and 10b is located upstream of the ring 18 relative to a third fluid F2 feed direction D.
  • the first and the second members 10a and 10b have respective facing annular surfaces 19 and 20 located below the join area between the first and the second member 10a and 10b (that is to say, under the concavities 13).
  • the surfaces 19 and 20 are spaced from each other to form a channel 21 through which the part F2a of third cooling fluid F2 flows towards the outside surface of the second member 10b: this enables the second member 10b to be cooled also on the outside.
  • These two surfaces 19 and 20 may be made in different geometrical configurations depending on the direction to be imparted to the outflowing fluid F2a.
  • the two surfaces 19 and 20 are parallel to each other and their generator is parallel to the longitudinal axis X along which the torch 1 extends (see Figures 2 and 3 ).
  • At least the surface 20 of the second member 10b is inclined at an angle to the longitudinal axis X along which the torch 1 extends (see Figures 4 and 5 ) in such a way as to form a conic surface whose generator is inclined at an angle to the axis X and lies in the plane through the axis X.
  • the two surfaces 19 and 20 are parallel to each other and extend at an angle to form respective conic surfaces whose generator is inclined at an angle to the longitudinal axis X along which the torch 1 extends (again see Figures 4 and 5 ) and lies in the plane through the axis X.
  • the surface or surfaces 19 and/or 20 may be inclined in the direction of the plasma arc discharge holes 6 and 11 at an angle a to the longitudinal axis X: thanks to this architecture of the surfaces 19 and 20, the part F2a of the third fluid flow F2 can come into contact with the outside of the second member 10b thereby cooling it and reducing the probability of molten material adhering to its walls.
  • a plasma torch made in this way therefore achieves the above mentioned aims thanks to a simple set of a concavities which are formed on the surface that supports the second member of the protective covering unit and through which a part of the second cooling fluid can flow to the outside.
  • this constructional solution is extremely versatile: thus, while it is not necessary to cool the second part 10b of the covering unit (allowing savings on third fluid) it is possible to fit a traditional second part provided with a seal ring without necessarily having to substitute the first part 10a.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Un chalumeau à plasma, tel chalumeau (1) comprenant un corps de chalumeau (2) et au moins :
    une électrode (3) montée centralement dans le corps de chalumeau (2) ;
    une buse (4) montée sur l'extrémité proximale du corps de chalumeau (2), entourant la pointe de l'électrode (3) pour former une chambre (5) où du plasma est généré en y alimentant un premier fluide (G1), et ayant un premier trou débouchant (6) central pour le passage dudit plasma ;
    un support ou porte-buse (7) associé directement au corps de chalumeau (2) et dont la paroi intérieure est orientée vers la paroi extérieure de la buse (4) de manière à former une chambre de refroidissement (8) à travers laquelle un deuxième fluide (F1) de refroidissement est alimenté par des premiers moyens (9) respectifs ;
    une unité (10) de recouvrement de la buse (4) et du porte-buse (7), composée d'une première partie comprenant un premier corps de support (10a) qui, à proximité de son extrémité distale, peut être associé au corps de chalumeau (2), et d'une deuxième partie comprenant un deuxième corps (10b) qui peut être associé par le biais de son bord annulaire à l'extrémité proximale du premier corps de support (10a) ; ledit deuxième corps (10b) étant doté d'un deuxième trou (11) central, coaxial au premier trou (6) ;
    un canal (12) pour le passage d'un troisième fluide (F2) de refroidissement étant formé entre le porte-buse (7) et l'unité de recouvrement (10) de manière à atteindre le deuxième trou (11) ; le chalumeau (1) étant caractérisé en ce qu'il y a, dans la zone d'association définie par l'extrémité proximale du premier corps de support (10a) et le bord annulaire du deuxième corps (10b), une pluralité de concavités (13) destinées à permettre le passage d'une partie (F2a) du troisième fluide (F2) vers l'extérieur du deuxième corps (10b) de manière à le refroidir.
  2. Le chalumeau selon la revendication 1, où l'extrémité proximale du premier corps (10a) a un renfoncement annulaire (14) adapté pour former une surface (14p) destinée à supporter une surface annulaire (15) inférieure de butée présentée par une saillie annulaire (16) respective du deuxième corps (10b), caractérisé en ce que ladite pluralité de concavités (13) sont formées sur la surface annulaire de support (14p) du premier corps (10a).
  3. Le chalumeau selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque concavité (13) formée dans la zone d'association a une section semi-circulaire.
  4. Le chalumeau selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la pluralité de concavités (13) sont formées sur toute la zone circulaire d'association et sont réparties uniformément sur la surface annulaire de support (14p) du premier corps de support (10a).
  5. Le chalumeau selon la revendication 1, où le deuxième corps (10b) est doté d'un renfoncement annulaire (17) qui loge au moins en partie une bague (18) interposée entre le deuxième corps (10b) lui-même et le porte-buse (7) et présentant une pluralité de trous (18a) à travers lesquels peut passer le troisième fluide (F2) de refroidissement, caractérisé en ce que la zone d'association entre le premier corps (10a) et le deuxième corps (10b) est située en amont de la bague (18) par rapport à une direction (D) d'alimentation du troisième fluide (F2).
  6. Le chalumeau selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le premier corps (10a) et le deuxième corps (10b) ont des surfaces annulaires (19, 20) se faisant réciproquement face et situées en dessous de la zone d'association entre le premier corps (10a) et le deuxième corps (10b) eux-mêmes ; lesdites surfaces (19, 20) étant espacées l'une de l'autre pour former un canal (21) à travers lequel ladite partie (F2a) du troisième fluide (F2) de refroidissement passe vers la surface extérieure du deuxième corps (10b).
  7. Le chalumeau selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les deux surfaces (19, 20) cylindriques sont parallèles entre elles et leur génératrice est parallèle à un axe longitudinal (X) d'extension dudit chalumeau (1) .
  8. Le chalumeau selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins la surface cylindrique (20) du deuxième corps (10b) est inclinée de biais par rapport à un axe longitudinal (X) d'extension dudit chalumeau (1), de manière à former une surface conique dont la génératrice est inclinée de biais par rapport à l'axe (X) et repose dans le plan passant par ledit axe (X).
  9. Le chalumeau selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les deux surfaces cylindriques (19, 20) sont parallèles entre elles et s'étendent de biais par rapport à un axe longitudinal (X) d'extension dudit chalumeau (1), de manière à former des surfaces coniques respectives dont la génératrice est inclinée de biais par rapport à l'axe (X).
  10. Le chalumeau selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les deux surfaces (19, 20) sont parallèles entre elles et s'étendent de biais par rapport à un axe longitudinal (X) d'extension dudit chalumeau (1), de manière à former des surfaces coniques respectives dont la génératrice est inclinée de biais par rapport à l'axe (X) et repose dans le plan passant par ledit axe (X).
  11. Le chalumeau selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque concavité (13) formée sur le premier corps (10a) est alternée avec un tronçon de surface (14p) plat pour le support du deuxième corps (10b).
EP07825716A 2006-11-22 2007-11-15 Chalumeau à plasma Active EP2092805B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000793A ITBO20060793A1 (it) 2006-11-22 2006-11-22 Torcia al plasma
PCT/IB2007/003601 WO2008062300A1 (fr) 2006-11-22 2007-11-15 Chalumeau à plasma

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2092805A1 EP2092805A1 (fr) 2009-08-26
EP2092805B1 true EP2092805B1 (fr) 2010-06-30

Family

ID=39204611

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07825716A Active EP2092805B1 (fr) 2006-11-22 2007-11-15 Chalumeau à plasma

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2092805B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE472930T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602007007515D1 (fr)
IT (1) ITBO20060793A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008062300A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8513565B2 (en) 2008-04-10 2013-08-20 Hypertherm, Inc. Nozzle head with increased shoulder thickness
IT1392379B1 (it) * 2008-12-24 2012-03-02 Cebora Spa Torcia al plasma ad elevate prestazioni.
CN107734825A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-23 台州伟博环保设备科技有限公司 等离子发生器的阳极发生器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5695662A (en) 1988-06-07 1997-12-09 Hypertherm, Inc. Plasma arc cutting process and apparatus using an oxygen-rich gas shield
JP2591371Y2 (ja) * 1993-02-24 1999-03-03 株式会社小松製作所 プラズマアークトーチ
US6268583B1 (en) 1999-05-21 2001-07-31 Komatsu Ltd. Plasma torch of high cooling performance and components therefor
US6914211B2 (en) * 2003-02-27 2005-07-05 Thermal Dynamics Corporation Vented shield system for a plasma arc torch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602007007515D1 (de) 2010-08-12
ITBO20060793A1 (it) 2008-05-23
ATE472930T1 (de) 2010-07-15
EP2092805A1 (fr) 2009-08-26
WO2008062300A1 (fr) 2008-05-29

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