EP2092805B1 - Plasma torch - Google Patents
Plasma torch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2092805B1 EP2092805B1 EP07825716A EP07825716A EP2092805B1 EP 2092805 B1 EP2092805 B1 EP 2092805B1 EP 07825716 A EP07825716 A EP 07825716A EP 07825716 A EP07825716 A EP 07825716A EP 2092805 B1 EP2092805 B1 EP 2092805B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- torch
- nozzle
- holder
- annular
- axis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/3457—Nozzle protection devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/3478—Geometrical details
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a plasma torch, in particular a plasma torch with long-life operating elements.
- Prior art plasma torches are shown and described in the patent
US 5695662 and in the patentUS 6268583 . - These plasma torches basically comprise:
- a torch body which extends mainly in length and which houses:
- a cylindrical electrode mounted centrally on the torch body and connected by a lead to the negative pole of the power generator (cathode);
- a nozzle mounted on the end of the torch body and surrounding the tip of the electrode; this nozzle is electrically isolated from the electrode and can be connected by a second lead to the positive pole of the power generator (anode);
- a nozzle holder joined directly to the torch body, the latter's inside wall facing the outside wall of the nozzle in such a way as to form a cooling chamber through which a cooling fluid passes;
- a nozzle and nozzle holder bottom covering unit adapted to separate the interior of the torch from the exterior and thus protecting it, for example, from splashes of hot molten material (especially when the torch pierces the metal) and forming with the nozzle holder a feed channel for the flow of a secondary fluid or gas.
- The nozzle and the protective element enable the plasma to be discharged through respective coaxial holes at their distal portion.
- The covering unit is normally divided into two separate parts which are fitted together when the torch is assembled:
- the first part is a supporting member, substantially cylindrical in shape, which, close to its distal end, can be screwed to the torch body where it is suitably isolated electrically;
- the second part, the covering element proper, consists of a second, cup-shaped member which can be coupled in sealed fashion with the proximal end of the supporting member so as to totally cover the proximal area of the torch.
- This second member is provided with the above mentioned central hole for the passage of the plasma arc and with a circular internal area shaped to accommodate a secondary gas ring or diffuser interposed between the second member itself and the outside surface of the nozzle holder.
- Further, this ring is provided with a plurality of openings distributed according to a well known pattern to enable the secondary gas to flow towards the plasma channel.
- The flow of secondary gas is designed to:
- prevent molten metal from entering the holes;
- improve directional accuracy of the plasma arc generated; and
- protect the arc discharged by the torch from the atmosphere.
- The widespread use of this type of torch has over time made it possible to test the torch in terms of its operating reliability and the working life of its components.
- In particular, on high-amp torches where the plasma arc causes very high temperatures to be reached, it has been noticed that the second, cup-shaped member wears out much more quickly than the first member (at a higher rate) thus necessitating periodic replacements and machine shutdowns: this obviously leads to increased stock costs for the wear material.
- After several research studies and tests, the Applicant has designed and produced a plasma torch whose structure at the nozzle and nozzle holder cover area is such to greatly reduce wear of the second member of the covering unit through optimized use of the second fluid, without significantly altering the basic structure of the covering unit, and while maintaining the high operating quality of the torch.
- According to the invention, this aim is achieved by a plasma torch, in particular a plasma torch for cutting metals comprising the technical characteristics described in one or more of the appended claims.
- The technical characteristics of the invention, with reference to the above aims, are clearly described in the claims below and its advantages are apparent from the detailed description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention provided merely by way of example without restricting the scope of the inventive concept, and in which:
-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section in two different planes and with some parts cut away, illustrating a part of a plasma torch according to the invention; -
Figure 2 illustrates the proximal end of the plasma torch ofFigure 1 in a first embodiment and in a longitudinal section with some parts cut away to better illustrate others; -
Figure 3 shows a scaled-up detail fromFigure 2 ; -
Figure 4 illustrates the proximal end of the plasma torch ofFigure 1 in a second embodiment and in a longitudinal section with some parts cut away to better illustrate others; -
Figure 5 shows a scaled-up detail fromFigure 4 ; -
Figure 6 is a top plan view showing the covering unit of the torch ofFigure 1 ; -
Figure 7 shows a single part of the covering unit ofFigure 6 , again in a top plan view. - With reference to the accompanying drawings, with particular reference to
Figure 1 , the plasma torch according to the invention, labelled 1 in its entirety, is used especially but without limiting the scope of the invention for cutting metals. - The
torch 1 consists of atorch body 2 which extends mainly in length along an axis X and which basically comprises: an electrode 3; anozzle 4; a nozzle support orholder 7 and aunit 10 for covering thenozzle 4 and thenozzle holder 7. - More specifically, the electrode 3 is mounted centrally in the
torch body 2 and can be connected to the negative pole of a power generator (not illustrated). - The
nozzle 4 is mounted on the proximal end of thetorch body 2, connectable to the positive pole of the generator to form an anode and surrounding the tip of the electrode 3 to form achamber 5 where plasma is generated by feeding a first fluid (usually a gas, see arrows G1 inFigure 1 ) into it, and having a first central throughhole 6 for the passage of the plasma. - The nozzle support or
holder 7 is joined directly to thetorch body 2 and one of the latter's inside walls faces the outside wall of thenozzle 4 in such a way as to form acooling chamber 8 through which a second cooling fluid F1 (for example, water) is fed by respective first means 9 (represented by a block inFigure 1 since they are of known type). - The
nozzle 4 andnozzle holder 7 coveringunit 10 is composed of two parts (see alsoFigures 2 to 5 ): - the first part is a supporting
member 10a, substantially cylindrical in shape, which, close to its distal end, can be joined, for example by screwing, to thetorch body 2 from which it is electrically isolated by asuitable isolating ring 50; - the second part is a second, cup-
shaped member 10b which, in the embodiment illustrated, at least partly matches the shape of the profile of thenozzle 4 andnozzle holder 7, and whose annular edge can be joined to the proximal end (tapered) of thefirst holder member 10a. Further, thesecond member 10b is provided with a secondcentral hole 11, coaxial with thefirst hole 6, to allow the passage of the plasma arc: thus, thesecond member 10b constitutes an element for covering and protecting the front of thetorch 1. - As shown in
Figure 1 , the distal and proximal ends refer to an imaginary observation point OS close to theholes - The covering
unit 10 also forms achannel 12 through which a third secondary fluid F2 (indicated by the arrows F2) flows between thenozzle holder 7 and the coveringunit 10 to reach the second hole 11: the third secondary fluid (which may be air - or other fluid/gas - fed byrespective means 12m, illustrated as a block, and passing through aconduit 12c) prevents molten metal from entering the holes, improves directional accuracy of the plasma arc generated and protects the arc discharged by the torch from the atmosphere. - The flow of this third fluid F2 is discharged through the
second hole 11. - Still with reference to
Figures 2 to 5 , in the area where the proximal end of thefirst holder member 10a is joined to the annular edge of thesecond holder member 10b there is a plurality ofconcavities 13 designed to enable a part F2a of the third cooling fluid F2 to flow through to the outside of thesecond member 10b (see arrows F2a) in order to cool the outside of thesecond member 10b itself. - More specifically, the proximal end of the
first member 10a has anannular recess 14 adapted to form asurface 14p for supporting a lowerannular abutment surface 15 afforded by a respectiveannular protrusion 16 of thesecond member 10b: these two areas enable the twomembers torch 1. - Thanks to this structure, the above mentioned plurality of
concavities 13 is formed on the annular supportingsurface 14p of thefirst member 10a (as clearly shown inFigures 6 and 7 ). - More specifically, each
concavity 13 formed on the supportingsurface 14p may have, preferably but without limiting the scope of the invention, a semicircular cross section. - This plurality of
semicircular concavities 13 are formed on the entire circular join area and are uniformly distributed on the annular supportingsurface 14p of thefirst holder member 10a. - Looking more closely at the structural details, still with reference to
Figures 6 and 7 , eachconcavity 13 formed on thefirst member 10a is alternated with aflat surface section 14p for supporting thesecond member 10b. -
Figures 1 ,2 and4 show that thesecond member 10b has anannular recess 17 which at least partly accommodates aring 18 interposed between thesecond member 10b itself and thenozzle holder 7. - The
ring 18, which constitutes a diffuser for the third fluid F2, has a plurality ofholes 18a through which the third cooling fluid F2 can flow out towards thesecond hole 11. Theholes 18a are made, as known, at defined angles relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis X of the torch (or perpendicular to the axis X itself), and/or at defined angles relative to predetermined radial directions on the plane of thering 18 so as permit generation of a suitable fluid flow towards thesecond hole 11. - In this type of architecture, the above mentioned join area between the first and the
second member ring 18 relative to a third fluid F2 feed direction D. - To allow a part of the F2a of the third fluid F2 to flow to the outside, the first and the
second members annular surfaces second member - The
surfaces channel 21 through which the part F2a of third cooling fluid F2 flows towards the outside surface of thesecond member 10b: this enables thesecond member 10b to be cooled also on the outside. - These two
surfaces - In a first embodiment, the two
surfaces 19 and 20 (cylindrical) are parallel to each other and their generator is parallel to the longitudinal axis X along which thetorch 1 extends (seeFigures 2 and 3 ). - In a second embodiment, at least the
surface 20 of thesecond member 10b is inclined at an angle to the longitudinal axis X along which thetorch 1 extends (seeFigures 4 and 5 ) in such a way as to form a conic surface whose generator is inclined at an angle to the axis X and lies in the plane through the axis X. - In a third embodiment, the two
surfaces torch 1 extends (again seeFigures 4 and 5 ) and lies in the plane through the axis X. - In the second and third embodiments, the surface or
surfaces 19 and/or 20 may be inclined in the direction of the plasmaarc discharge holes surfaces second member 10b thereby cooling it and reducing the probability of molten material adhering to its walls. - A plasma torch made in this way therefore achieves the above mentioned aims thanks to a simple set of a concavities which are formed on the surface that supports the second member of the protective covering unit and through which a part of the second cooling fluid can flow to the outside.
- The possibility of making the holder members with differently shaped surfaces according to the type of flow to be obtained makes the torch extremely flexible and adaptable to the type of end use, thus optimizing conditions for cooling the outside of the second member and increasing the latter's working life.
- Furthermore, it should also be considered that this constructional solution is extremely versatile: thus, while it is not necessary to cool the
second part 10b of the covering unit (allowing savings on third fluid) it is possible to fit a traditional second part provided with a seal ring without necessarily having to substitute thefirst part 10a. - The invention described above is susceptible of industrial application and may be modified and adapted in several ways without thereby departing from the scope of the inventive concept. Moreover, all the details of the invention may be substituted by technically equivalent elements.
Claims (11)
- A plasma torch, the torch (1) comprising a torch body (2) and at least:an electrode (3) mounted centrally in the torch body (2);a nozzle (4) mounted on the proximal end of the torch body (2), surrounding the tip of the electrode (3) to form a chamber (5) where plasma is generated by feeding a first fluid (G1) into it, and having a first central through hole (6) for the passage of the plasma;a nozzle support or holder (7) joined directly to the torch body (2) and whose inside wall faces the outside wall of the nozzle (4) in such a way as to form a cooling chamber (8) through which a second, cooling fluid (F1) is fed by respective first means (9);a nozzle (4) and nozzle holder (7) covering unit (10) composed of a first part comprising a first holder member (10a) which, close to its distal end, can be joined to the torch body (2), and a second part comprising a second member (10b) that can be joined by its annular edge to the proximal end of the first holder member (10a); the second member (10b) being provided with a second central hole (11), coaxial with the first hole (6);a channel (12) for the passage of a third, cooling fluid (F2) being formed between the nozzle holder (7) and the covering unit (10) in such a way as to reach the second hole (11); the torch (1) being characterized in that in the join area defined by the proximal end of the first holder member (10a) and the annular edge of the second member (10b) there is a plurality of concavities (13) designed to enable a part (F2a) of the third fluid (F2) to flow to the outside of the second member (10b) thereby cooling it.
- The torch according to claim 1, where the proximal end of the first member (10a) has an annular recess (14) adapted to form a surface (14p) for supporting a lower annular abutment surface (15) afforded by a respective annular protrusion (16) of the second member (10b), characterized in that said plurality of concavities (13) are formed on the annular supporting surface (14p) of the first member (10a).
- The torch according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each concavity (13) formed in the join area has a semicircular cross section.
- The torch according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the plurality of concavities (13) are formed on the entire circular join area and are uniformly distributed on the annular supporting surface (14p) of the first holder member (10a).
- The torch according to claim 1, where the second member (10b) is provided with an annular recess (17) which at least partly accommodates a ring (18) interposed between the second member (10b) itself and the nozzle holder (7) and which has a plurality of holes (18a) through which the third cooling fluid (F2) can flow, characterized in that the join area between the first member (10a) and the second member (10b) is located upstream of the ring (18) relative to a third fluid (F2) feed direction (D).
- The torch according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the first member (10a) and the second member (10b) have respective facing annular surfaces (19, 20) located below the join area between the first member (10a) and the second member (10b) themselves; said surfaces (19, 20) being spaced from each other to form a channel (21) through which the part (F2a) of third cooling fluid (F2) flows towards the outside surface of the second member (10b).
- The torch according to claim 6, characterized in that the two cylindrical surfaces (19, 20) are parallel to each other and their generator is parallel to a longitudinal axis (X) along which the torch (1) extends.
- The torch according to claim 6, characterized in that at least the cylindrical surface (20) of the second member (10b) is inclined at an angle to a longitudinal axis (X) along which the torch (1) extends in such a way as to form a conic surface whose generator is inclined at an angle to the axis (X) and lies in the plane through the axis (X).
- The torch according to claim 6, characterized in that the two cylindrical surfaces (19, 20) are parallel to each other and extend at an angle to a longitudinal axis (X) along which the torch (1) extends, forming respective conic surfaces whose generator is inclined at an angle to the axis (X).
- The torch according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the two surfaces (19, 20) are parallel to each other and extend at an angle to a longitudinal axis (X) along which the torch (1) extends, forming respective conic surfaces whose generator is inclined at an angle to the axis (X) and lies in the plane through the axis (X).
- The torch according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each concavity (13) formed on the first member (10a) is alternated with a flat surface section (14p) for supporting the second member (10b).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000793A ITBO20060793A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2006-11-22 | PLASMA TORCH |
PCT/IB2007/003601 WO2008062300A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2007-11-15 | Plasma torch |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2092805A1 EP2092805A1 (en) | 2009-08-26 |
EP2092805B1 true EP2092805B1 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
Family
ID=39204611
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07825716A Active EP2092805B1 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2007-11-15 | Plasma torch |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2092805B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE472930T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602007007515D1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITBO20060793A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008062300A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8513565B2 (en) | 2008-04-10 | 2013-08-20 | Hypertherm, Inc. | Nozzle head with increased shoulder thickness |
IT1392379B1 (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2012-03-02 | Cebora Spa | HIGH-PERFORMANCE PLASMA TORCH. |
CN107734825A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-23 | 台州伟博环保设备科技有限公司 | The anode generator of plasma generator |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5695662A (en) | 1988-06-07 | 1997-12-09 | Hypertherm, Inc. | Plasma arc cutting process and apparatus using an oxygen-rich gas shield |
JP2591371Y2 (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1999-03-03 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Plasma arc torch |
US6268583B1 (en) | 1999-05-21 | 2001-07-31 | Komatsu Ltd. | Plasma torch of high cooling performance and components therefor |
US6914211B2 (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2005-07-05 | Thermal Dynamics Corporation | Vented shield system for a plasma arc torch |
-
2006
- 2006-11-22 IT IT000793A patent/ITBO20060793A1/en unknown
-
2007
- 2007-11-15 DE DE602007007515T patent/DE602007007515D1/en active Active
- 2007-11-15 WO PCT/IB2007/003601 patent/WO2008062300A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-11-15 EP EP07825716A patent/EP2092805B1/en active Active
- 2007-11-15 AT AT07825716T patent/ATE472930T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE472930T1 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
WO2008062300A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
EP2092805A1 (en) | 2009-08-26 |
DE602007007515D1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
ITBO20060793A1 (en) | 2008-05-23 |
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