WO2008062300A1 - Chalumeau à plasma - Google Patents

Chalumeau à plasma Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008062300A1
WO2008062300A1 PCT/IB2007/003601 IB2007003601W WO2008062300A1 WO 2008062300 A1 WO2008062300 A1 WO 2008062300A1 IB 2007003601 W IB2007003601 W IB 2007003601W WO 2008062300 A1 WO2008062300 A1 WO 2008062300A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
torch
nozzle
holder
annular
axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2007/003601
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Silvano Dallavalle
Mauro Vancini
Vittorio Colombo
Emanuele Ghedini
Original Assignee
Cebora S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cebora S.P.A. filed Critical Cebora S.P.A.
Priority to AT07825716T priority Critical patent/ATE472930T1/de
Priority to DE602007007515T priority patent/DE602007007515D1/de
Priority to EP07825716A priority patent/EP2092805B1/fr
Publication of WO2008062300A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008062300A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3457—Nozzle protection devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3478—Geometrical details

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a plasma torch, in particular a plasma torch with long-life operating elements.
  • Prior art plasma torches basically comprise: a torch body which extends mainly in length and which houses: a cylindrical electrode mounted centrally on the torch body and connected by a lead to the negative pole of the power generator (cathode); a nozzle mounted on the end of the torch body and surrounding the tip of the electrode; this nozzle is electrically isolated from the electrode and can be connected by a second lead to the positive pole of the power generator (anode); a nozzle holder joined directly to the torch body, the latter's inside wall facing the outside wall of the nozzle in such a way as to form a cooling chamber through which a cooling fluid passes; a nozzle and nozzle holder bottom covering unit adapted to separate the interior of the torch from the exterior and thus protecting it, for example, from splashes of hot molten material (especially when the torch pierces the metal) and forming with the nozzle holder a feed channel for the flow of a secondary fluid or gas.
  • the nozzle and the protective element enable the plasma to be discharged through respective coaxial holes at their
  • the covering unit is normally divided into two separate parts which are fitted together when the torch is assembled: the first part is a supporting member, substantially cylindrical in shape, which, close to its distal end, can be screwed to the torch body where it is suitably isolated electrically; the second part, the covering element proper, consists of a second, cup-shaped member which can be coupled in sealed fashion with the proximal end of the supporting member so as to totally cover the proximal area of the torch.
  • This second member is provided with the above mentioned central hole for the passage of the plasma arc and with a circular internal area shaped to accommodate a secondary gas ring or diffuser interposed between the second member itself and the outside surface of the nozzle holder.
  • this ring is provided with a plurality of openings distributed according to a well known pattern to enable the secondary gas to flow towards the plasma channel.
  • the flow of secondary gas is designed to: prevent molten metal from entering the holes; improve directional accuracy of the plasma arc generated; and protect the arc discharged by the torch from the atmosphere.
  • the widespread use of this type of torch has over time made it possible to test the torch in terms of its operating reliability and the working life of its components.
  • the Applicant has designed and produced a plasma torch whose structure at the nozzle and nozzle holder cover area is such to greatly reduce wear of the second member of the covering unit through optimized use of the second fluid, without significantly altering the basic structure of the covering unit, and while maintaining the high operating quality of the torch.
  • this aim is achieved by a plasma torch, in particular a plasma torch for cutting metals comprising the technical characteristics described in one or more of the appended claims.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section in two different planes and with some parts cut away, illustrating a part of a plasma torch according to the invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates the proximal end of the plasma torch of Figure 1 in a first embodiment and in a longitudinal section with some parts cut away to better illustrate others;
  • Figure 3 shows a scaled-up detail from Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 illustrates the proximal end of the plasma torch of Figure 1 in a second embodiment and in a longitudinal section with some parts cut away to better illustrate others;
  • Figure 5 shows a scaled-up detail from Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view showing the covering unit of the torch of Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 shows a single part of the covering unit of Figure 6, again in a top plan view.
  • FIG. 1 the plasma torch according to the invention, labelled 1 in its entirety, is used especially but without limiting the scope of the invention for cutting metals.
  • the torch 1 consists of a torch body 2 which extends mainly in length along an axis X and which basically comprises: an electrode 3; a nozzle 4; a nozzle support or holder 7 and a unit 10 for covering the nozzle 4 and the nozzle holder 7.
  • the electrode 3 is mounted centrally in the torch body 2 and can be connected to the negative pole of a power generator (not illustrated).
  • the nozzle 4 is mounted on the proximal end of the torch body 2, connectable to the positive pole of the generator to form an anode and surrounding the tip of the electrode 3 to form a chamber 5 where plasma is generated by feeding a first fluid (usually a gas, see arrows Gl in Figure 1) into it, and having a first central through hole 6 for the passage of the plasma.
  • a first fluid usually a gas, see arrows Gl in Figure 1
  • the nozzle support or holder 7 is joined directly to the torch body 2 and one of the latter's inside walls faces the outside wall of the nozzle 4 in such a way as to form a cooling chamber 8 through which a second cooling fluid Fl (for example, water) is fed by respective first means 9 (represented by a block in Figure 1 since they are of known type).
  • a second cooling fluid Fl for example, water
  • the nozzle 4 and nozzle holder 7 covering unit 10 is composed of two parts (see also Figures 2 to 5): the first part is a supporting member 10a, substantially cylindrical in shape, which, close to its distal end, can be joined, for example by screwing, to the torch body 2 from which it is electrically isolated by a suitable isolating ring 50; the second part is a second, cup-shaped member 10b which, in the embodiment illustrated, at least partly matches the shape of the profile of the nozzle 4 and nozzle holder 7, and whose annular edge can be joined to the proximal end (tapered) of the first holder member 10a. Further, the second member 10b is provided with a second central hole 11, coaxial with the first hole 6, to allow the passage of the plasma arc: thus, the second member 10b constitutes an element for covering and protecting the front of the torch 1.
  • the distal and proximal ends refer to an imaginary observation point OS close to the holes 6 and 11.
  • the covering unit 10 also forms a channel 12 through which a third secondary fluid F2 (indicated by the arrows F2) flows between the nozzle holder 7 and the covering unit 10 to reach the second hole 11: the third secondary fluid (which may be air - or other fluid/gas - fed by respective means 12m, illustrated as a block, and passing through a conduit 12c) prevents molten metal from entering the holes, improves directional accuracy of the plasma arc generated and protects the arc discharged by the torch from the atmosphere.
  • the third secondary fluid which may be air - or other fluid/gas - fed by respective means 12m, illustrated as a block, and passing through a conduit 12c
  • this third fluid F2 is discharged through the second hole 11. Still with reference to Figures 2 to 5, in the area where the proximal end of the first holder member 10a is joined to the annular edge of the second holder member 10b there is a plurality of concavities 13 designed to enable a part F2a of the third cooling fluid F2 to flow through to the outside of the second member 10b (see arrows F2a) in order to cool the outside of the second member 10b itself.
  • the proximal end of the first member 10a has an annular recess 14 adapted to form a surface 14p for supporting a lower annular abutment surface 15 afforded by a respective annular protrusion 16 of the second member
  • the above mentioned plurality of concavities 13 is formed on the annular supporting surface 14p of the first member 10a (as clearly shown in Figures 6 and 7).
  • each concavity 13 formed on the supporting surface 14p may have, preferably but without limiting the scope of the invention, a semicircular cross section.
  • This plurality of semicircular concavities 13 are formed on the entire circular join area and are uniformly distributed on the annular supporting surface Looking more closely at the structural details, still with reference to Figures 6 and 7, each concavity 13 formed on the first member 10a is alternated with a flat surface section 14p for supporting the second member 10b.
  • Figures 1, 2 and 4 show that the second member 10b has an annular recess 17 which at least partly accommodates a ring 18 interposed between the second member 10b itself and the nozzle holder 7.
  • the ring 18, which constitutes a diffuser for the third fluid F2 has a plurality of holes 18a through which the third cooling fluid F2 can flow out towards the second hole 11.
  • the holes 18a are made, as known, at defined angles relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis X of the torch (or perpendicular to the axis X itself), and/or at defined angles relative to predetermined radial directions on the plane of the ring 18 so as permit generation of a suitable fluid flow towards the second hole 11.
  • join area between the first and the second member 10a and 10b is located upstream of the ring 18 relative to a third fluid F2 feed direction D.
  • the first and the second members 10a and 10b have respective facing annular surfaces 19 and 20 located below the join area between the first and the second member 10a and 10b (that is to say, under the concavities 13).
  • the surfaces 19 and 20 are spaced from each other to form a channel 21 through which the part F2a of third cooling fluid F2 flows towards the outside surface of the second member 10b: this enables the second member 10b to be cooled also on the outside.
  • These two surfaces 19 and 20 may be made in different geometrical configurations depending on the direction to be imparted to the outflowing fluid F2a.
  • the two surfaces 19 and 20 are parallel to each other and their generator is parallel to the longitudinal axis X along which the torch 1 extends (see Figures 2 and 3).
  • At least the surface 20 of the second member 10b is inclined at an angle to the longitudinal axis X along which the torch 1 extends (see Figures 4 and 5) in such a way as to form a conic surface whose generator is inclined at an angle to the axis X and lies in the plane through the axis X.
  • the two surfaces 19 and 20 are parallel to each other and extend at an angle to form respective conic surfaces whose generator is inclined at an angle to the longitudinal axis X along which the torch 1 extends (again see Figures 4 and 5) and lies in the plane through the axis X.
  • the surface or surfaces 19 and/or 20 may be inclined in the direction of the plasma arc discharge holes 6 and 11 at an angle ⁇ to the longitudinal axis X: thanks to this architecture of the surfaces 19 and 20, the part F2a of the third fluid flow F2 can come into contact with the outside of the second member 10b thereby cooling it and reducing the probability of molten material adhering to its walls.
  • a plasma torch made in this way therefore achieves the above mentioned aims thanks to a simple set of a concavities which are formed on the surface that supports the second member of the protective covering unit and through which a part of the second cooling fluid can flow to the outside.
  • this constructional solution is extremely versatile: thus, while it is not necessary to cool the second part 10b of the covering unit (allowing savings on third fluid) it is possible to fit a traditional second part provided with a seal ring without necessarily having to substitute the first part 10a.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un chalumeau à plasma (1) qui consiste en un corps de chalumeau (2) comprenant : une électrode (3) montée au centre dudit corps (2) ; une buse (4) montée sur ledit corps (2), entourant la pointe de l'électrode (3) et comportant un premier trou traversant central (6) pour le passage du plasma ; un support de buse (7) dont la paroi interne fait face à la paroi externe de la buse (4) de façon à former une chambre de refroidissement (8) par laquelle passe un deuxième fluide de refroidissement (Fl) ; une buse (4) et une unité de recouvrement (10) du support de buse (7) composée d'un premier élément (10a) pouvant être joint audit corps (2) et d'un second élément (10b) pouvant se trouver à l'extrémité proximale du premier élément (10a) ; le second élément (10b) est doté d'un second trou central (11), coaxial avec le premier trou (6) ; un canal (12) pour le passage d'un troisième fluide de refroidissement (F2) est formé entre le support de buse (7) et ladite unité (10) de façon à atteindre le second trou (11) ; dans la zone de jonction définie par l'extrémité proximale du premier élément de support (10a) et le bord annulaire du second élément (10b) se trouve une pluralité de concavités (13) conçues pour permettre qu'une partie (F2a) du troisième fluide de refroidissement (F2) s'écoule vers l'extérieur du second élément (10b).
PCT/IB2007/003601 2006-11-22 2007-11-15 Chalumeau à plasma WO2008062300A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT07825716T ATE472930T1 (de) 2006-11-22 2007-11-15 Plasmabrenner
DE602007007515T DE602007007515D1 (de) 2006-11-22 2007-11-15 Plasmabrenner
EP07825716A EP2092805B1 (fr) 2006-11-22 2007-11-15 Chalumeau à plasma

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBO2006A000793 2006-11-22
IT000793A ITBO20060793A1 (it) 2006-11-22 2006-11-22 Torcia al plasma

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008062300A1 true WO2008062300A1 (fr) 2008-05-29

Family

ID=39204611

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2007/003601 WO2008062300A1 (fr) 2006-11-22 2007-11-15 Chalumeau à plasma

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2092805B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE472930T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602007007515D1 (fr)
IT (1) ITBO20060793A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008062300A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20080779A1 (it) * 2008-12-24 2010-06-25 Cebora Spa Torcia al plasma ad elevate prestazioni.
EP2084947B1 (fr) 2008-04-10 2016-08-10 Hypertherm, Inc Tête de buse avec épaisseur d'épaulement accrue
CN107734825A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-23 台州伟博环保设备科技有限公司 等离子发生器的阳极发生器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5628924A (en) * 1993-02-24 1997-05-13 Komatsu, Ltd. Plasma arc torch
US5695662A (en) 1988-06-07 1997-12-09 Hypertherm, Inc. Plasma arc cutting process and apparatus using an oxygen-rich gas shield
US6268583B1 (en) 1999-05-21 2001-07-31 Komatsu Ltd. Plasma torch of high cooling performance and components therefor
US20040169018A1 (en) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-02 Jonathan Brasseur Vented shield system for a plasma arc torch

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5695662A (en) 1988-06-07 1997-12-09 Hypertherm, Inc. Plasma arc cutting process and apparatus using an oxygen-rich gas shield
US5628924A (en) * 1993-02-24 1997-05-13 Komatsu, Ltd. Plasma arc torch
US6268583B1 (en) 1999-05-21 2001-07-31 Komatsu Ltd. Plasma torch of high cooling performance and components therefor
US20040169018A1 (en) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-02 Jonathan Brasseur Vented shield system for a plasma arc torch

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2084947B1 (fr) 2008-04-10 2016-08-10 Hypertherm, Inc Tête de buse avec épaisseur d'épaulement accrue
ITBO20080779A1 (it) * 2008-12-24 2010-06-25 Cebora Spa Torcia al plasma ad elevate prestazioni.
WO2010073223A1 (fr) * 2008-12-24 2010-07-01 Cebora S.P.A. Torche à plasma hautes performances
CN107734825A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-23 台州伟博环保设备科技有限公司 等离子发生器的阳极发生器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE472930T1 (de) 2010-07-15
ITBO20060793A1 (it) 2008-05-23
EP2092805A1 (fr) 2009-08-26
EP2092805B1 (fr) 2010-06-30
DE602007007515D1 (de) 2010-08-12

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