EP2092262B1 - Kältemitteldampfeinspritzung zur verteilungsverbesserung in parallelstromwärmetauscherverteilern - Google Patents

Kältemitteldampfeinspritzung zur verteilungsverbesserung in parallelstromwärmetauscherverteilern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2092262B1
EP2092262B1 EP06845573.2A EP06845573A EP2092262B1 EP 2092262 B1 EP2092262 B1 EP 2092262B1 EP 06845573 A EP06845573 A EP 06845573A EP 2092262 B1 EP2092262 B1 EP 2092262B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
refrigerant
condenser
evaporator
heat transfer
transfer tubes
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EP06845573.2A
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French (fr)
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EP2092262A1 (de
EP2092262A4 (de
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Michael F. Taras
Alexander Lifson
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05375—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with particular pattern of flow, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements

Definitions

  • This application relates to a parallel flow heat exchanger, wherein vapor refrigerant from an upstream location is utilized to provide additional momentum in driving liquid phase refrigerant along a manifold to improve refrigerant distribution among parallel tubes that are in fluid communication with this manifold, and thus enhance the heat exchanger and overall refrigerant system performance.
  • Refrigerant systems utilize a refrigerant to condition a secondary fluid, such as air, delivered to a climate controlled space.
  • a secondary fluid such as air
  • the refrigerant is compressed in a compressor, and flows downstream to a condenser, where heat is typically rejected from the refrigerant to ambient environment, during heat transfer interaction with this ambient environment.
  • refrigerant flows through an expansion device, where it is expanded to a lower pressure and temperature, and to an evaporator, where during heat transfer interaction with a secondary fluid (e.g., indoor air), the refrigerant is evaporated and typically superheated, while cooling and often dehumidifying this secondary fluid.
  • a secondary fluid e.g., indoor air
  • These heat exchangers are provided with a plurality of parallel heat transfer tubes, typically of a non-round shape, among which refrigerant is distributed and flown in a parallel manner.
  • the heat transfer tubes are orientated generally substantially perpendicular to a refrigerant flow direction in the inlet, intermediate and outlet manifolds that are in flow communication with the heat transfer tubes.
  • the primary reasons for the employment of the parallel flow heat exchangers which usually have aluminum furnace-brazed construction, are related to their superior performance, high degree of compactness, structural rigidity and enhanced resistance to corrosion.
  • these heat exchangers When utilized in condenser applications, these heat exchangers are normally designed for a multi-pass configuration, typically with a plurality of parallel heat transfer tubes within each refrigerant pass, in order to obtain superior performance by balancing and optimizing heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics.
  • the refrigerant that enters an inlet manifold travels through a first multi-tube pass across a width of the condenser to an opposed, typically intermediate, manifold.
  • the refrigerant collected in a first intermediate manifold reverses its direction, is distributed among the heat transfer tubes in the second pass and flows to a second intermediate manifold.
  • This flow pattern can be repeated for a number of times, to achieve optimum condenser performance, until the refrigerant reaches an outlet manifold (or so-called outlet header).
  • the individual manifolds are of a cylindrical shape (although other shapes are also known in the art) and are represented by different chambers separated by partitions within the same manifold construction assembly.
  • Heat transfer corrugated and typically louvered fins are placed between the heat transfer tubes for outside heat transfer enhancement and construction rigidity. These fins are typically attached to the heat transfer tubes during a furnace braze operation. Furthermore, each heat transfer tube preferably contains a plurality of relatively small parallel channels for in-tube heat transfer augmentation and structural rigidity.
  • refrigerant maldistribution typically occurs in the microchannel heat exchanger manifolds when the two-phase flow enters the manifold.
  • a vapor phase of the two-phase flow has significantly different properties, moves at different velocities and is subjected to different effects of internal and external forces than a liquid phase. This causes the vapor phase to separate from the liquid phase and flow independently.
  • the separation of the vapor phase from the liquid phase has raised challenges, such as refrigerant maldistribution in parallel flow heat exchangers.
  • EP 0886113 A2 discloses a gaseous and liquid phase separation condenser with a pair of headers disposed in parallel with each other and being separated into chambers. A plurality of flat tubes are each connected to the headers at opposite ends thereof. While the refrigerant flows through the plurality of flat tubes, separation of the liquid and gaseous phases occurs within the second header.
  • refrigerant maldistribution may causes significant heat exchanger and overall system performance degradation over a wide range of operating conditions. Therefore, it would be desirable to reduce or eliminate refrigerant maldistribution in parallel flow heat exchangers.
  • refrigerant vapor is tapped from an upstream location, and directed into a location in a parallel flow heat exchanger intermediate manifold where two-phase refrigerant flow is present, and a liquid phase is likely to separate from a vapor phase and accumulate, causing refrigerant maldistribution in the downstream heat transfer tubes that are in fluid communication with this intermediate manifold.
  • the refrigerant vapor from an upstream location has a higher velocity and enough momentum to create predominantly homogeneous flow conditions, while mixing, atomizing and redistributing the initially separated two-phase refrigerant in the intermediate manifold.
  • the vapor refrigerant is tapped from a line connecting a compressor to the parallel flow heat exchanger.
  • the predominantly vapor.or homogeneous two-phase refrigerant is tapped from a location in an upstream manifold and redirected to a location in a downstream manifold.
  • the flow of the refrigerant vapor may be pulsed or periodically modulated to enhance the refrigerant distribution.effects.
  • multiple taps may be utilized to tap a portion of refrigerant from the same manifold and redirect it to different downstream manifolds.
  • a portion of refrigerant from different upstream manifolds may be delivered to the same downstream manifold.
  • the disclosed invention can be implemented in parallel flow heat exchanger installations functioning as condensers as well as evaporators.
  • a basic refrigerant system 20 is illustrated in Figure 1 and includes a compressor 22 delivering refrigerant into a discharge line 23 heading to a condenser 24.
  • the condenser 24 is a parallel flow heat exchanger, and in one disclosed embodiment is a microchannel heat exchanger.
  • the heat is transferred in the condenser 24 from the refrigerant to a secondary loop fluid, such as air.
  • the high pressure, but desuperheated, condensed and typically cooled, refrigerant passes into a liquid line 25 downstream of the condenser 24 and through an expansion device 26, where it is expanded to a lower pressure and temperature. Downstream of the expansion device 26, refrigerant flows through an evaporator 28 and back to the compressor 22.
  • the condenser 24 has a manifold structure 30 that consists of multiple chambers 30A, 30B and 30C.
  • An inlet manifold chamber 30A receives the refrigerant, typically in a vapor phase, from the discharge line 23.
  • the refrigerant flows into a first bank of parallel heat transfer tubes 32, and then across the condenser core to a chamber 34A of an intermediate manifold structure 34. It should be noted that in practice there may be more or less refrigerant passes than the four illustrated passes 32, 36, 38, and 40.
  • each refrigerant pass is represented by a single heat transfer tube, typically there are many heat transfer tubes within each pass amongst which refrigerant is distributed while flowing within the pass, and, in the condenser applications, a number of the heat transfer tubes within each bank typically decreases in a downstream direction with respect to a refrigerant flow. For instance, there could be 12 heat transfer tubes in the first bank, 8 heat transfer tubes in a second bank, 5 heat transfer tubes in a third bank and only 2 heat transfer tubes in the last forth bank.
  • a separator plate 42 is placed within the manifold 34 to separate the chamber 34A from a chamber 34B positioned within the same manifold structure 34.
  • the refrigerant is starting to condense while flowing through the first pass along the tubes 32 (due to heat transfer interaction with a secondary fluid) and is in a two-phase thermodynamic state, although typically with a relatively small liquid amount in a two-phase mixture.
  • liquid phase may be starting to separate from the vapor refrigerant, as shown by 35, since liquid and vapor phases have different thermophysical properties and are affected differently by external forces such as gravity and momentum sheer.
  • Separation of liquid and vapor phases may create maldistribution conditions, while the refrigerant flows from a chamber 34A of the intermediate manifold structure 34 back across the core of the condenser 24 through a second bank of parallel heat transfer tubes 36 into a chamber 30B of the manifold structure 30.
  • the refrigerant in the second bank of heat transfer tubes 36 is flowing in generally parallel (although counterflow) direction to the refrigerant flow in the first bank of heat transfer tubes 32.
  • a separator plate 42 prevents refrigerant mixing or direct flow communication between the manifold chambers 30A and 30B.
  • the refrigerant is also in a two-phase thermodynamic state but containing lower vapor quality and potentially promoting the conditions for liquid refrigerant accumulation, as shown at 144, at the bottom of the chamber 30B.
  • the refrigerant flows from the intermediate chamber 30B of the manifold structure 30 into a third bank of parallel heat transfer tubes 38 generally positioned in parallel arrangement to the first and second banks of heat transfer tubes 32 and 36, across the condenser 24 and into an intermediate chamber 34B of the manifold structure 34.
  • the liquid refrigerant level in the manifold chamber 34B, as shown at 244, is even higher than in the chambers 34A and 30B.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the chamber 34B has even lower vapor quality and potentially creating similar maldistribution conditions for the fourth (and last) bank of heat transfer tubes 40.
  • a separator plate 42 positioned between the chambers 30B and 30C ensures the refrigerant flow in the desired downstream direction without short-circuiting or bypass.
  • the liquid refrigerant exits condenser 24 through the liquid line 25.
  • fins 33 are located between and attached to the heat transfer tubes (typically during a furnace brazing process) to extend the heat transfer surface and improve structural rigidity of the condenser 24.
  • the heat transfer tubes within the tube banks 32, 36, 38, and 40 may consist of a plurality of parallel channels 100 separated by walls 101.
  • the Figure 2B is cross-sectional view of the heat transfer tubes shown in Figure 2A .
  • the channels 100 allow for enhanced heat transfer characteristics and assist in improved structural rigidity.
  • the cross-section of the channels 100 may take different forms, and although illustrated as a rectangular in Figure 2B , may be, for instance, of triangular, trapezoidal or circular configurations.
  • refrigerant is tapped from the discharge line 23 into a line 46 and directed to a location 47, that may or may not be directly associated with the separator plate 42 dividing the chambers 30B and 30C, where a significant amount of accumulated liquid refrigerant 144 is expected (e.g., due to separation under gravity force).
  • This high pressure compressed refrigerant vapor will tend to mix (creating more homogeneous conditions) and redistribute the liquid refrigerant phase amongst the third bank of the heat transfer tubes 38 in more uniform manner.
  • another line 48 may be directed to a location 49, providing favorable conditions for more uniform distribution of the liquid refrigerant phase 244 within the manifold chamber 34B and amongst the forth bank of the heat transfer tubes 40.
  • Valves 50 associated with a control 10 may be placed on the lines 46 and/or 48 to allow the flow of this discharge gas to be pulsed, modulated or completely shutdown. In this manner, a refrigerant system designer can achieve precise control over the desired amount of bypassed high pressure refrigerant vapor, which can be tailored, for instance, to specific operating conditions, to provide uniform distribution of liquid and vapor refrigerant phases amongst the heat transfer tubes.
  • liquid levels 35, 144 and 244 may be somewhat exaggerated to illustrate the concept of the present invention as well as may vary with operating and environmental conditions.
  • perforated screen plates 44 may be utilized in conjunctions with the bypass lines 46 and 48 and placed within the manifold chambers 30B and 34B to prevent droplets of liquid interfering with the refrigerant flow exiting an upstream bank of heat transfer tubes. Therefore, performance degradation of the condenser coil 24 due to refrigerant maldistribution will be minimal or entirely eliminated.
  • Figure 3A shows another embodiment 124 wherein the parallel flow heat exchanger construction is similar to the heat exchanger shown in Figure 2A .
  • a portion of the refrigerant vapor is tapped at a point 136 from a location in the chamber 34A of the intermediate manifold structure 34 upstream of a point 138 in the chamber 30B of the manifold structure 30, where a small portion of the refrigerant vapor is redirected from the chamber 34A to the chamber 30B to improve refrigerant distribution in the chamber 30B and amongst the heat transfer tubes in the bank 38.
  • a small portion of the refrigerant vapor tapped from a point 140 in the chamber 30B of the manifold structure 30 can be utilized to improve distribution in the chamber 34C and the heat transfer tubes in the bank 40, and is directed to a point 142 within the chamber 34C.
  • FIG. 2A and 3A deliver a small portion of predominantly vapor refrigerant to different locations within the condenser.
  • Figure 3B shows separate taps 346 and 348, which deliver still relatively small amounts of predominantly vapor refrigerant form separate locations within the condenser to a common location 350, such as one of the intermediate manifold chambers, having certain amount of accumulated liquid refrigerant 344, in order to assist in uniform distribution of this liquid refrigerant among the heat transfer tubes fluidly connected to this manifold chamber and positioned downstream in relation to refrigerant flow.
  • the small amounts of predominantly vapor refrigerant may be delivered from the same upstream location to different downstream locations to improve distribution of two-phase refrigerant at those downstream locations.
  • Figure 4 shows yet another embodiment 220, where there is no refrigerant rerouting is taking place, and instead the mixing between the vapor and liquid phases is accomplished by pulsing the main refrigerant flow through the parallel flow heat exchanger.
  • the pulsing of the main flow is accomplished by periodically changing the size of the opening of the flow control device, such as electronically controlled expansion valve 226.
  • the refrigerant flow through the expansion valve 226 is throttled (the opening of the valve is decreased in size), pressure in the condenser 224 is built up, and when the expansion valve 226 is opened wider, the pressure in the condenser 224 is reduced.
  • the varying pressure in the condenser 224 will result in fluctuating refrigerant velocities in the condenser, which in turn will enhance the uniform refrigerant distribution effects by providing mixing of liquid and vapor phases.
  • the pulsing of the main refrigerant can also be accomplished by using, for example, a flow control device installed between the evaporator and compressor.
  • a flow control device installed between the evaporator and compressor.
  • the function of such flow control device can be combined with a function of so-called suction modulation valve (SMV) 228 that is often installed in refrigeration units to selectively reduce the unit capacity by throttling the flow at the compressor suction to control the amount of refrigerant reaching the compressor.
  • SMV suction modulation valve
  • the SMV 228 can be rapidly cycled (opened and closed) to generate pulses of refrigerant through the condenser 224, with the pulsing refrigerant flow in turn enhancing the mixing of liquid and vapor refrigerant phases in the condenser 224 in a similar fashion as it was accomplished by the electronic expansion valve 226.
  • Both, an electronic expansion valve and a suction modulation valve can be utilized individually or in combination with each other and controlled by a controller 200 that would selectively open and close these valves to enhance the mixing of the vapor and liquid refrigerant phases.
  • the suction modulation valve 228 can be substituted, for example, by a solenoid valve which would cycle between open and closed position (some limited amount of flow still might be permitted through the valve in its closed position to prevent compressor suction approaching deep vacuum). Further, it has to be understood that other location for such flow control devices are feasible within the refrigerant system. Analogously, for instance, a valve located on the discharge refrigerant line or liquid refrigerant line can perform the same function and may be controlled in a similar manner.
  • the present invention utilizes a small portion of predominantly vapor refrigerant from an upstream location, such as a discharge line or upstream manifold, and redirects this refrigerant to a location within a parallel flow heat exchanger, such as an intermediate manifold, downstream along the refrigerant path, where the vapor and liquid phase separation is likely to occur.
  • This high pressure vapor refrigerant allows for better mixing and promotes homogeneous conditions for a two-phase refrigerant, such that maldistribution is appreciably reduced or eliminated for a refrigerant entering a downstream bank of heat transfer tubes positioned generally in a parallel arrangement.
  • refrigerant system evaporators can also benefit from the invention.
  • a small portion of refrigerant vapor would be redirected to an inlet or intermediate manifolds from any number of a higher pressure locations within the refrigerant system, such as a discharge line, condenser manifolds, etc.
  • the flow pulsing, though illustrated for the condenser heat exchangers, can be used in a similar fashion as described above to enhance refrigerant distribution in the evaporator heat exchangers.
  • the invention is disclosed for parallel flow heat exchangers, it does have applications for other heat exchanger types, for instance, for the heat exchangers having intermediate manifolds in the condenser applications.
  • the four-pass heat exchangers of Figures 2A and 3A are purely exemplary, and a heat exchanger with any number of passes can equally benefit from the present invention.
  • the manifold constructions 30 and 34 encompassing a number of chambers may have many different design shapes and configurations.
  • the manifold chambers may not necessarily be positioned within the same manifold construction.
  • the separator plates 42 can be replaced by check valves or solenoid valves.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Kältemittelsystem, umfassend:
    einen Kompressor (22);
    einen Kondensator (24; 124);
    eine Expansionsvorrichtung (26); und
    einen Verdampfer (28),
    wobei der Kompressor ein verdichtetes Kältemittel an den Kondensator leitet, wobei Kältemittel von dem Kondensator durch eine Expansionsvorrichtung tritt und von der Expansionsvorrichtung durch einen Verdampfer tritt und von dem Verdampfer zurück an den Kompressor geleitet wird; und
    wobei wenigstens einer von dem Kondensator und dem Verdampfer eine Vielzahl von Wärmeübertragungsrohren (32, 36, 38, 40) aufweist, die ein Kältemittel auf allgemein parallele Weise stromabwärts leitet;
    gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens eine Stromabwärtsposition (47, 49; 138, 142) in dem wenigstens einen Kondensator und dem Verdampfer, an der die Wahrscheinlichkeit besteht, dass abgeschiedene Flüssig- und Dampfphasen von Kältemittelgemisch aufgenommen werden, während das Kältemittel durch die Vielzahl von Wärmeübertragungsrohren fließt, wobei ein Teil des hauptsächlich dampfförmigen Kältemittels von einer Stromaufwärtsposition (23; 136, 140) abgezweigt und an die Stromabwärtsposition geleitet wird, um eine homogenere Verteilung des dampfförmigen und flüssigen Kältemittelgemischs auf die Vielzahl von Wärmeübertragungsrohren zu erzeugen.
  2. Kältemittelsystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei wenigstens einer von dem Kondensator (24; 124) und dem Verdampfer (28) ein Wärmetauscher ist und wenigstens eine Verteilerstruktur (30, 34) in Fluidverbindung mit der Vielzahl von Wärmeübertragungsrohren (32, 36, 38, 40) aufweist, wobei die wenigstens eine Verteilerstruktur mit wenigstens einem Trennelement (42) versehen ist, das wenigstens zwei Kammern (30A, 30B, 30C, 34A, 34B) in der wenigstens einen Verteilerstruktur bereitstellt, und wenigstens eine der Verteilerkammern die Stromabwärtsposition (47, 49; 138, 142) ist.
  3. Kältemittelsystem nach Anspruch 2, wobei das Trennelement (42) eins von einer Trennplatte, einem Rückschlagventil und einem Magnetventil ist.
  4. Kältemittelsystem nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei der Wärmetauscher der Kondensator (24; 124) ist und die Stromaufwärtsposition (23; 136, 140) wenigstens eine von einer Auslassleitung (23), Verteilereinlasskammer (30B) und einer stromaufwärtigen Verteilerzwischenkammer (34A) ist.
  5. Kältemittelsystem nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei der Wärmetauscher der Kondensator (24; 124) ist und die Stromabwärtsposition (47, 49; 138, 142) eine Verteilerzwischenkammer (34B, 34C) ist.
  6. Kältemittelsystem nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei der Wärmetauscher der Verdampfer (28) ist und die Stromaufwärtsposition wenigstens eine von einer Auslassleitung, einer Verdampfer-Verteiler-Einlasskammer, einer stromaufwärtigen Verdampfer-Verteiler-Zwischenkammer, einer Kondensator-Verteiler-Einlasskammer und einer Kondensator-Verteiler-Zwischenkammer ist.
  7. Kältemittelsystem nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei der Wärmetauscher der Verdampfer (28) ist und die Stromabwärtsposition wenigstens eine von einer Verteilereinlasskammer und einer Verteilerzwischenkammer ist.
  8. Kältemittelsystem nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine Vielzahl von Abzweigungen von hauptsächlich derselben Stromaufwärtsposition (23) vorliegt, die das hauptsächlich dampfförmige Kältemittel an verschiedene Stromabwärtspositionen (47, 49) leitet.
  9. Kältemittelsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei eine Vielzahl von Abzweigungen von verschiedenen Stromaufwärtspositionen vorliegt, die das hauptsächlich dampfförmige Kältemittel an hauptsächlich dieselbe Stromabwärtsposition leitet.
  10. Kältemittelsystem nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Ventil (50) zulässt, dass der Fluss des abgezweigten hauptsächlich dampfförmigen Kältemittels durch Pulsieren oder Modulieren des Ventils gesteuert wird.
  11. Kältemittelsystem nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Pulsierungs- oder Modulationsflusssteuerung des abgezweigten hauptsächlich dampfförmigen Kältemittels durch die Betriebsbedingungen des Kältemittelsystems definiert wird.
  12. Kältemittelsystem nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei jedes der Vielzahl von Wärmeübertragungsrohren (32, 36, 38, 40) eine Vielzahl von kleinen parallelen internen Kanälen (101) beinhaltet, die Kältemittel auf parallelen Wegen in den Wärmeübertragungsrohren befördert.
  13. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kältemittelsystems, folgende Schritte umfassend:
    (1) Bereitstellen eines Kompressors (22), wobei der Kompressor ein verdichtetes Kältemittel an einen Kondensator (24; 124) leitet, wobei Kältemittel von dem Kondensator durch eine Expansionsvorrichtung (26) tritt und von der Expansionsvorrichtung durch einen Verdampfer (28) tritt und von dem Verdampfer zurück an den Kompressor geleitet wird; und
    (2) Versehen von wenigstens einem von dem Kondensator und dem Verdampfer mit einer Vielzahl von Wärmeübertragungsrohren (32, 36, 38, 40), die ein Kältemittel auf allgemein parallele Weise stromabwärts leitet;
    gekennzeichnet durch folgenden Schritt:
    (3) Bereitstellen von wenigstens einer Stromabwärtsposition (47, 49; 138, 142) in dem wenigstens einen Kondensator und dem Verdampfer, an der die Wahrscheinlichkeit besteht, dass abgeschiedene Flüssig- und Dampfphasen von Kältemittelgemisch aufgenommen werden, während das Kältemittel durch die Vielzahl von Wärmeübertragungsrohren fließt, wobei ein Teil des hauptsächlich dampfförmigen Kältemittels von einer Stromaufwärtsposition (23; 136, 140) abgezweigt und an die Stromabwärtsposition geleitet wird, um eine homogenere Verteilung des dampfförmigen und flüssigen Kältemittelgemischs auf die Vielzahl von Wärmeübertragungsrohren zu erzeugen.
EP06845573.2A 2006-12-15 2006-12-15 Kältemitteldampfeinspritzung zur verteilungsverbesserung in parallelstromwärmetauscherverteilern Not-in-force EP2092262B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2006/047966 WO2008073111A1 (en) 2006-12-15 2006-12-15 Refrigerant vapor injection for distribution improvement in parallel flow heat exchanger manifolds

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EP2092262A1 EP2092262A1 (de) 2009-08-26
EP2092262A4 EP2092262A4 (de) 2011-05-11
EP2092262B1 true EP2092262B1 (de) 2016-07-27

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US (1) US8528358B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2092262B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101563579B (de)
ES (1) ES2588012T3 (de)
HK (1) HK1137804A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008073111A1 (de)

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WO2011003416A2 (en) * 2009-07-06 2011-01-13 Danfoss A/S A method for controlling a flow of refrigerant to a multi- tube evaporator
US9303925B2 (en) * 2012-02-17 2016-04-05 Hussmann Corporation Microchannel suction line heat exchanger
US8739855B2 (en) 2012-02-17 2014-06-03 Hussmann Corporation Microchannel heat exchanger
US9234685B2 (en) * 2012-08-01 2016-01-12 Thermo King Corporation Methods and systems to increase evaporator capacity
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2588012T3 (es) 2016-10-28
CN101563579A (zh) 2009-10-21
EP2092262A1 (de) 2009-08-26
US20100139313A1 (en) 2010-06-10
WO2008073111A1 (en) 2008-06-19
EP2092262A4 (de) 2011-05-11
CN101563579B (zh) 2013-03-13
HK1137804A1 (en) 2010-08-06
US8528358B2 (en) 2013-09-10

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