EP2075431B2 - Exhaust manifold - Google Patents

Exhaust manifold Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2075431B2
EP2075431B2 EP08171417.2A EP08171417A EP2075431B2 EP 2075431 B2 EP2075431 B2 EP 2075431B2 EP 08171417 A EP08171417 A EP 08171417A EP 2075431 B2 EP2075431 B2 EP 2075431B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flange
exhaust manifold
cylinder head
reinforcing plate
installed state
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EP08171417.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2075431A1 (en
EP2075431B1 (en
Inventor
Ralf Riekers
Michael Weiss
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Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG
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Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/107—More than one exhaust manifold or exhaust collector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1827—Sealings specially adapted for exhaust systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1838—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly characterised by the type of connection between parts of exhaust or silencing apparatus, e.g. between housing and tubes, between tubes and baffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/24—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by bolts, screws, rivets or the like

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

Abstract

The exhaust manifold (1) has a housing (2), from which multiple inlet pipes (4) extend. The inlet pipes are guided to the cylinders of an internal combustion engine (5) in the installation condition. A flange (3) is welded with the inlet pipes and is screwed with a screw connection (9) at a cylinder head (8) of the internal combustion engine in the installation condition. The flange is subdivided into two partial flanges (3') in a longitudinal direction (6) of the exhaust manifold.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Abgaskrümmer für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug, mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to an exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiger Abgaskrümmer, der grundsätzlich auch als Abgassammler bezeichnet werden kann, ist zum Beispiel aus der EP 1 291 500 A2 bekannt und umfasst ein Gehäuse, von dem mehrere Einlassrohre abgehen, die im Einbauzustand zu Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine führen, sowie einen Flansch, der mit den Einlassrohren verschweißt ist und der im Einbauzustand mit Schrauben an einen Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine angeschraubt ist. Ferner ist der bekannte Abgaskrümmer als Luftspalt isolierter Abgaskrümmer ausgestaltet, dessen Gehäuse zusammen mit den Einlassrohren durch eine Innenschale und eine Außenschale gebildet ist, die beide mit dem Flansch verschweißt sind und zwischen denen ein thermisch isolierender Luftspalt ausgebildet ist. Ferner ist beim bekannten Abgaskrümmer vorgesehen, den Flansch in einer Längsrichtung des Abgaskrümmers in mehrere Teilflansche zu unterteilen.Such an exhaust manifold, which in principle can also be referred to as an exhaust manifold, is known for example from EP 1 291 500 A2 and comprises a housing from which depart a plurality of inlet pipes, which lead to cylinders of the internal combustion engine in the installed state, and a flange which with the inlet pipes is welded and screwed in the installed state with screws to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. Further, the known exhaust manifold is designed as an air gap insulated exhaust manifold, the housing is formed together with the inlet pipes by an inner shell and an outer shell, which are both welded to the flange and between which a thermally insulating air gap is formed. Furthermore, it is provided in the known exhaust manifold to divide the flange in a longitudinal direction of the exhaust manifold into a plurality of partial flanges.

Im Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine erreicht der Abgaskrümmer häufig deutlich höhere Temperaturen als der Zylinderkopf. Dies führt zu unterschiedlichen Wärmedehnungen, was sich vor allem in einer Längsrichtung des Abgaskrümmers deutlich bemerkbar macht, insbesondere bei Reihenmotoren mit vier oder mehr Zylindern.During operation of an internal combustion engine, the exhaust manifold often reaches significantly higher temperatures than the cylinder head. This leads to different thermal expansions, which is mainly in a longitudinal direction of the exhaust manifold clearly noticeable, especially in in-line engines with four or more cylinders.

Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, die Verschraubung des Flansches am Zylinderkopf so auszuführen, dass eine thermisch bedingte Relativbewegung zwischen Flansch und Zylinderkopf minimiert ist. Hierbei kommt es jedoch zu einer extremen Spannungsbildung im Gehäuse, die vergleichsweise rasch zu einer Ermüdung sowie zu einem Bruch des Materials führen kann. Ebenso ist es grundsätzlich möglich, die Verschraubung so auszugestalten, dass sich der Flansch thermisch bedingt relativ zum Zylinderkopf vergleichsweise frei bewegen kann, also in einer Kontaktebene zwischen Flansch und Zylinderkopf schieben kann. Hierdurch kommt es zu einer relativen Lageänderung zwischen den Einlassrohren und den Zylindern, was nachteilig für die Dichtung und ungünstig für die Strömungsverhältnisse ist.In principle, it is possible to carry out the screwing of the flange on the cylinder head in such a way that a thermally induced relative movement between flange and cylinder head is minimized. However, this leads to an extreme formation of stress in the housing, which can lead to fatigue and breakage of the material comparatively rapidly. Likewise, it is basically possible to design the screw connection in such a way that the flange can move comparatively freely relative to the cylinder head for thermal reasons, ie can slide between the flange and cylinder head in a contact plane. This results in a relative change in position between the inlet pipes and the cylinders, which is disadvantageous for the seal and unfavorable for the flow conditions.

Weitere Abgaskrümmer sind aus der DE 10 2005 025 735 B3 und aus der WO 2005/005801 A1 bekannt.Further exhaust manifolds are known from DE 10 2005 025 735 B3 and WO 2005/005801 A1.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, für einen Abgaskrümmer der eingangs genannten Art eine verbesserte Ausführungsform anzugeben, die sich insbesondere dadurch auszeichnet, dass im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine eine hinreichende Dichtungswirkung realisierbar ist, während gleichzeitig eine längere Lebenszeit für den Abgaskrümmer erreicht werden soll.The present invention is concerned with the problem of providing for an exhaust manifold of the type mentioned an improved embodiment, which is particularly characterized in that during operation of the internal combustion engine, a sufficient sealing effect can be realized, while at the same time a longer life for the exhaust manifold is to be achieved.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of independent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, den Flansch in einer Längsrichtung des Abgaskrümmers zu teilen. Die "Längsrichtung" des Abgaskrümmers ist dabei die Richtung, in welcher die Einlassrohre neben- beziehungsweise hintereinander angeordnet sind. Durch die Längsteilung des Flansches entstehen zwei Teilflansche, die ihre Länge thermisch bedingt unabhängig voneinander ändern können. Hierdurch wird die Längsdehnung des einzelnen Teilflansches bezüglich ihrer absoluten Größe reduziert. In Verbindung mit einer Verschraubung, die ein Schieben in der Flanschebene zulässt, kann die thermische Belastung des Gehäuses entsprechend reduziert werden. Die jeweilige Teilung des Flansches wird dabei durch einen Spalt realisiert, der sich quer zur Längsrichtung erstreckt und der in der Längsrichtung eine vorbestimmte Spaltbreite zwischen benachbarten Teilflanschen bei Umgebungstemperatur bereitstellt, die bei zunehmender Temperatur entsprechend abnehmen kann.The invention is based on the general idea of dividing the flange in a longitudinal direction of the exhaust manifold. The "longitudinal direction" of the exhaust manifold is the direction in which the inlet pipes are arranged alongside or behind one another. The longitudinal division of the flange creates two partial flanges, which can change their length thermally independently. As a result, the longitudinal expansion of the individual partial flange is reduced in terms of their absolute size. In conjunction with a screw that allows sliding in the flange plane, the thermal load of the housing can be reduced accordingly. The respective division of the flange is realized by a gap which extends transversely to the longitudinal direction and which provides in the longitudinal direction a predetermined gap width between adjacent partial flanges at ambient temperature, which can decrease correspondingly with increasing temperature.

Erfindungsgemäß ist zumindest ein Verstärkungsblech vorgesehen, das am Flansch an einer dem Gehäuse zugewandten Seite flächig anliegt, das zumindest einen zwischen zwei benachbarten Teilflanschen durch die Unterteilung gebildeten Spalt überbrückt und das im Einbauzustand mit den Schrauben an den Zylinderkopf angeschraubt ist, und zwar so, dass der Flansch zwischen dem jeweiligen Verstärkungsblech und dem Zylinderkopf angeordnet ist. Durch das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech kann das Anpressen der Teilflansche an den Zylinderkopf im Einbauzustand verbessert werden, so dass das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech einem Abheben, Verknicken und Beulen des Flansches entgegenwirkt. Bei dieser Bauweise stützen sich bei der Verschraubung im Einbauzustand Schraubenköpfe beziehungsweise Muttern nicht mehr am Flansch, sondern am jeweiligen Verstärkungsblech ab, so dass der Flansch mit Hilfe des jeweiligen Verstärkungsblechs gegen den Zylinderkopf gepresst ist. Des weiteren bewirkt das Verstärkungsblech eine Führung der Relativbewegung zwischen Flansch und Zylinderkopf in der Flanschebene. Darüber hinaus verhindert das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech ein Eingraben von Schraubenköpfen oder Muttern in den Flansch, was die Verschiebbarkeit des Flansches beziehungsweise der Teilflansche in der Flanschebene trotz Verschraubung begünstigt.According to the invention, at least one reinforcing plate is provided, which rests flat on the flange on a side facing the housing, which bridges at least one gap formed between two adjacent partial flanges by the partition and which is screwed in the installed state with the screws to the cylinder head, in such a way that the flange between each Reinforcing plate and the cylinder head is arranged. By the respective reinforcing plate, the pressing of the partial flanges can be improved to the cylinder head in the installed state, so that the respective reinforcing plate counteracts lifting, buckling and buckling of the flange. In this construction, screw heads or nuts are no longer supported on the flange, but on the respective reinforcing plate when screwing in the installed state, so that the flange is pressed by means of the respective reinforcing plate against the cylinder head. Furthermore, the reinforcing plate causes a guide of the relative movement between the flange and the cylinder head in the flange plane. In addition, the respective reinforcing plate prevents burying of screw heads or nuts in the flange, which favors the displaceability of the flange or the partial flanges in the flange even despite screwing.

Bei der Erfindung weist das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech für jedes Einlassrohr eine separate Durchgangsöffnung auf, die vom jeweiligen Einlassrohr durchsetzt ist. Diese Bauweise führt dazu, dass das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech eine möglichst gleichmäßige Anpressung des Flansches im Bereich des jeweiligen Einlassrohres realisiert.In the invention, the respective reinforcing plate for each inlet pipe to a separate passage opening which is penetrated by the respective inlet pipe. This construction leads to the fact that the respective reinforcing plate realizes an even contact pressure of the flange in the region of the respective inlet tube.

Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus den Zeichnungen und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen. Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated figure description with reference to the drawings. It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert, wobei sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleiche oder ähnliche oder funktional gleiche Bauteile beziehen.Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.

Es zeigen, jeweils schematisch,

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Abgaskrümmers im Einbauzustand,
  • Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Detailansicht in einem mittleren Bereich des Abgaskrümmers.
Show, in each case schematically,
  • Fig. 1 a perspective view of an exhaust manifold in the installed state,
  • Fig. 2 an enlarged detail view in a central region of the exhaust manifold.

Entsprechend Fig. 1 weist ein Abgaskrümmer 1 ein Gehäuse 2 auf sowie einen Flansch 3. Das Gehäuse 2 umfasst mehrere Einlassrohre 4, die vom Gehäuse 2 beziehungsweise von einem im Gehäuse 2 ausgebildeten Sammelraum ausgehen. Im gezeigten Einbauzustand führen die Einlassrohre 4 zu nicht gezeigten Zylindern einer nur teilweise dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine 5. Im Beispiel handelt es sich bei der Brennkraftmaschine 5 um einen Sechs-Zylinder-Reihenmötor. Die Einlassrohre 4 sind dabei in einer Richtung hintereinander beziehungsweise nebeneinander angeordnet. Diese Richtung definiert die Längsrichtung des Abgaskrümmers 1, die durch einen Doppelpfeil angedeutet und mit 6 bezeichnet ist. Es ist klar, dass die hier wiedergegebene Anzahl an Einlassrohren 4 rein exemplarisch zu verstehen ist, so dass auch mehr oder weniger Einlassrohre 4 vorhanden sein können.Corresponding Fig. 1 an exhaust manifold 1 a housing 2 and a flange 3. The housing 2 includes a plurality of inlet pipes 4, which emanate from the housing 2 and of a housing 2 formed in the collecting space. In the installed state shown, the inlet pipes 4 lead to cylinders, not shown, of an internal combustion engine 5, which is only partially shown. In the example, the internal combustion engine 5 is a six-cylinder Reihenmotor. The inlet pipes 4 are in a direction behind each other or arranged side by side. This direction defines the longitudinal direction of the exhaust manifold 1, which is indicated by a double arrow and denoted by 6. It is clear that the number of inlet pipes 4 reproduced here is to be understood as purely exemplary, so that more or fewer inlet pipes 4 can also be present.

Das Gehäuse 2 weist außerdem zumindest ein Auslassrohr 7 auf, mit dem der Abgaskrümmer 1 im Einbauzustand an eine Abgasanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine 5 angeschlossen ist, wobei die Brennkraftmaschine 5 insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordnet sein kann.The housing 2 also has at least one outlet pipe 7, with which the exhaust manifold 1 is connected in the installed state to an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine 5, wherein the internal combustion engine 5 can be arranged in particular in a motor vehicle.

Der Flansch 3 ist mit den Einlassrohren 4 verschweißt und ist im gezeigten Einbauzustand mit einem Zylinderkopf 8 der Brennkraftmaschine 5 verschraubt. Die hierbei verwendete Verschraubung 9 kann aus einer Vielzahl einzelner Schrauben 10 bestehen, von denen hier nur die Schraubenköpfe sichtbar sind. Ebenso kann die Verschraubung 9 durch eine Vielzahl von Gewindebolzen 11 gebildet sein, auf die Muttern aufgesetzt sind.The flange 3 is welded to the inlet pipes 4 and is screwed in the installed state shown with a cylinder head 8 of the internal combustion engine 5. The screw 9 used here can consist of a plurality of individual screws 10, of which only the screw heads are visible here. Likewise, the screw 9 may be formed by a plurality of threaded bolts 11, are placed on the nuts.

Der Abgaskrümmer 1 kann vorteilhaft als Luftspalt isolierter Abgaskrümmer 1 ausgestaltet sein. Das Gehäuse 2 ist dann zusammen mit den Einlassrohren 4 durch eine Außenschale 12 und eine darin angeordnete Innenschale 13 gebildet. Im gezeigten Beispiel ist die Innenschale 13 im Bereich der Einlassrohre 4 aus der Außenschale 12 herausgeführt und gemäß Fig. 2 bei 14 mit der Außenschale 12 verschweißt. Der Flansch 3 ist in diesem Fall bei 15 nur mit der Innenschale 13 verschweißt. Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform kann vorgesehen sein, auch die Außenschale 12 bis zum Flansch 3 zu führen und zusätzlich auch die Außenschale 12 mit dem Flansch 3 zu verschweißen.The exhaust manifold 1 can be advantageously designed as an air gap insulated exhaust manifold 1. The housing 2 is then formed together with the inlet pipes 4 by an outer shell 12 and an inner shell 13 arranged therein. In the example shown, the inner shell 13 is led out in the region of the inlet pipes 4 from the outer shell 12 and according to Fig. 2 welded at 14 to the outer shell 12. The flange 3 is in this case welded at 15 only with the inner shell 13. In another embodiment, it may be provided to guide the outer shell 12 as far as the flange 3 and, in addition, to weld the outer shell 12 to the flange 3 as well.

Erfindungsgemäß ist der Flansch 3 in der Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 in wenigstens zwei Teilflansche 3' unterteilt. Diese Längsteilung des Flansches 3 wird dabei durch Ausbilden eines Spalts 16 realisiert, in dem die jeweiligen Teilflansche 3' voneinander in der Längsrichtung 6 beabstandet sind. Der Spalt 16 erstreckt sich im gezeigten Beispiel geradlinig, und zwar quer zur Längsrichtung 6. Die bei kaltem Abgaskrümmer 1 vorliegende Spaltbreite des Spalts 16 ist auf die zu erwartende Längsdehnung der benachbart zum Spalt 16 angeordneten Teilflansche 3' abgestimmt, die mit zunehmender Temperatur eine Reduzierung der Spaltbreite bewirkt.According to the invention, the flange 3 is divided in the elbow longitudinal direction 6 into at least two partial flanges 3 '. This longitudinal division of the flange 3 is realized by forming a gap 16 in which the respective partial flanges 3 'are spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction 6. The gap 16 extends in the example shown in a straight line, and that transverse to the longitudinal direction 6. The present at cold exhaust manifold 1 gap width of the gap 16 is tuned to the expected longitudinal expansion of adjacent to the gap 16 arranged partial flanges 3 ', which decreases with increasing temperature the gap width causes.

Im gezeigten Beispiel ist nur ein einziger Spalt 16 vorgesehen, der den Flansch 3 in genau zwei Teilflansche 3' unterteilt. Es ist klar, dass grundsätzlich auch zwei oder mehr Spalte 16 beziehungsweise Unterteilungen vorgesehen sein können, so dass der Flansch 3 dann aus drei oder mehr Teilflanschen 3' besteht.In the example shown, only a single gap 16 is provided, which divides the flange 3 into exactly two partial flanges 3 '. It is clear that in principle two or more gaps 16 or subdivisions can be provided so that the flange 3 then consists of three or more partial flanges 3 '.

Im gezeigten Beispiel mit genau zwei Teilflanschen 3' ist der Spalt 16 bezüglich der Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 etwa in der Mitte des Flansches 3 angeordnet, so dass der Flansch 3 etwa mittig geteilt ist.In the example shown with exactly two partial flanges 3 ', the gap 16 is arranged approximately in the middle of the flange 3 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the elbow 6, so that the flange 3 is divided approximately centrally.

Der Abgaskrümmer 1 weist außerdem zumindest ein Verstärkungsblech 17 auf, das zumindest im Einbauzustand an einer dem Gehäuse 2 zugewandten Seite am Flansch 3 flächig anliegt. Das Verstärkungsblech 17 ist dabei so geformt, dass es den Spalt 16 beziehungsweise wenigstens einen Spalt 16 überbrückt. Im gezeigten Einbauzustand ist das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech 17 mit Hilfe der Verschraubung 9 so an den Zylinderkopf 8 angeschraubt, dass es den Flansch 3 gegen den Zylinderkopf 8 anpresst. In der Folge ist der Flansch 3 zwischen dem jeweiligen Verstärkungsblech 17 und dem Zylinderkopf 8 angeordnet. Die Festlegung des Flansches 3 am Zylinderkopf 8 mit Hilfe der Verschraubung 9 erfolgt somit nicht direkt, sondern über das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech 17 indirekt.The exhaust manifold 1 also has at least one reinforcing plate 17, which rests flat against the flange 3 at least in the installed state on a side facing the housing 2. The reinforcing plate 17 is shaped so that it bridges the gap 16 or at least one gap 16. In the installed state shown, the respective reinforcing plate 17 is screwed by means of the screw 9 to the cylinder head 8, that it presses the flange 3 against the cylinder head 8. As a result, the flange 3 is disposed between the respective reinforcing plate 17 and the cylinder head 8. The determination of the flange 3 on the cylinder head 8 by means of the screw 9 is thus not directly, but indirectly via the respective reinforcing plate 17.

Im gezeigten Beispiel ist nur ein einziges Verstärkungsblech 17 vorgesehen. Grundsätzlich können bei anderen Ausführungsformen auch zwei oder mehr Verstärkungsbleche 17 vorgesehen sein, die in der Verschraubungsrichtung, die senkrecht zur Flanschebene verläuft, übereinander angeordnet sein können.In the example shown, only a single reinforcing plate 17 is provided. Basically, in other embodiments, two or more reinforcing plates 17 may be provided, which can be arranged one above the other in the screwing direction, which runs perpendicular to the flange plane.

Im Beispiel besitzt das Verstärkungsblech 17 für jedes Einlassrohr 4 eine separate Durchgangsöffnung 18, die vom jeweiligen Einlassrohr 4 durchsetzt ist. Für die Herstellung des Abgaskrümmers 1 bedeutet dies, dass das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech 17 zweckmäßig vor dem Verschweißen des Flansches 3 mit dem Gehäuse 2 angebracht wird. Das Verstärkungsblech 17 deckt den gesamten Flansch 3 hier ungeteilt ab. Insbesondere ist das Verstärkungsblech 17 bezüglich der Verschraubungsrichtung deckungsgleich zum Flansch 3 ausgebildet. Das Verstärkungsblech 17 erstreckt sich somit über die gesamte Länge und/oder über die gesamte Breite des Flansches 3. Ferner besitzt das Verstärkungsblech 17 für die Verschraubung 9 das gleiche Lochmuster mit gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Durchgangslöchern wie der Flansch 3.In the example, the reinforcing plate 17 has for each inlet pipe 4 a separate passage opening 18, which is penetrated by the respective inlet pipe 4. For the production of the exhaust manifold 1, this means that the respective reinforcing plate 17 is expediently attached to the housing 2 before the welding of the flange 3. The reinforcing plate 17 covers the entire flange 3 here from undivided. In particular, the reinforcing plate 17 is formed congruent to the flange 3 with respect to the screwing direction. The reinforcing plate 17 thus extends over the entire length and / or over the entire width of the flange 3. Further, the reinforcing plate 17 for the screw 9 has the same hole pattern with the same or different through holes as the flange. 3

Um den Flansch 3 indirekt mit Hilfe des jeweiligen Verstärkungsblechs 17 gegen den Zylinderkopf 8 zu schrauben, stützen sich im Einbauzustand die Köpfe der Schrauben 10 beziehungsweise die Muttern der Gewindebolzen 11 am jeweiligen Verstärkungsblech 17 direkt ab und somit nur indirekt über das Verstärkungsblech 17 am Flansch 3 ab.In order to screw the flange 3 indirectly against the cylinder head 8 with the aid of the respective reinforcing plate 17, the heads of the screws 10 or the nuts of the threaded bolts 11 are supported directly on the respective reinforcing plate 17 and thus only indirectly via the reinforcing plate 17 on the flange 3 from.

Der Flansch 3 liegt am Zylinderkopf 8 in einer Flanschebene an. Die Konturgebung von Flansch 3 und Zylinderkopf 8 in dieser Flanschebene kann grundsätzlich so gestaltet sein, dass jeder Teilflansch 3' im Einbauzustand grundsätzlich in der Längsrichtung 6 verschiebbar am Zylinderkopf 8 anliegt. Bei fehlender Verschraubung 9 sind die Teilflansche 3' frei relativ zum Zylinderkopf 8 verschiebbar. Bei angebrachter Verschraubung 9 können die thermischen Dehnungseffekte die Verschiebung erzwingen, also ein Schieben des jeweiligen Teilflansches 3' in der Flanschebene relativ zum Zylinderkopf 8.The flange 3 abuts the cylinder head 8 in a flange plane. The contouring of flange 3 and cylinder head 8 in this flange plane can in principle be designed so that each partial flange 3 'in the installed state basically abuts slidably on the cylinder head 8 in the longitudinal direction 6. In the absence of screw 9, the partial flanges 3 'are freely displaceable relative to the cylinder head 8. When screw 9 is attached, the thermal expansion effects can force the displacement, ie a sliding of the respective sub-flange 3 'in the flange plane relative to the cylinder head eighth

Der jeweilige Teilflansch 3' kann bei einer besonderen Ausführungsform im Einbauzustand bezüglich der Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 etwa mittig durch einen zumindest in der Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 wirksamen Formschluss am Zylinderkopf 8 fixiert sein. Dieser hier nicht gezeigte Formschluss bewirkt, dass sich der jeweilige Teilflansch 3' ausgehend von der Position des Formschlusses in entgegengesetzten Richtungen parallel zur Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 ausdehnen kann, wodurch die Relativverstellung zwischen dem jeweiligen Teilflansch 3' und dem Zylinderkopf 8 im Bereich der Längsenden des jeweiligen Teilflansches 3' reduziert ist. Ein solcher Formschluss lässt sich zum Beispiel mit einer Nut-Feder-Konfiguration erreichen.The respective partial flange 3 'can in a particular embodiment in the installed state with respect to the Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 approximately centrally fixed by an effective at least in the Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 positive connection to the cylinder head 8. This positive connection, not shown here, causes the respective partial flange 3 ', starting from the position of the positive connection, to extend in opposite directions parallel to the longitudinal direction of the elbow 6, whereby the relative displacement between the respective partial flange 3' and the cylinder head 8 in the region of the longitudinal ends of the respective partial flange 3 'is reduced. Such a positive connection can be achieved, for example, with a tongue and groove configuration.

Da sich die Schraubenköpfe beziehungsweise Muttern der Verschraubung 9 am jeweiligen Verstärkungsblech 17 und nicht an den Teilflanschen 3' abstützen, können sich die Schraubenköpfe beziehungsweise Muttern nicht in den Flansch 3 eingraben, wodurch die Verschiebbarkeit zwischen dem jeweiligen Teilflansch 3' und dem Zylinderkopf 8 verbessert beziehungsweise erleichtert ist.Since the screw heads or nuts of the screw connection 9 are supported on the respective reinforcing plate 17 and not on the partial flanges 3 ', the screw heads or nuts can not dig into the flange 3, whereby the displaceability between the respective partial flange 3' and the cylinder head 8 is improved is relieved.

Durch die Teilung des Flansches 3 in der Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 können die thermisch bedingten Dehnungen ausgewogen auf die Struktur des Abgaskrümmers 1, also auf den Flansch 3 und das Gehäuse 2 verteilt werden, ohne dass hierbei die Dichtung zwischen den Einlassrohren 4 und den Zylindern stark beeinträchtigt wird. Gleichzeitig bewirkt das wenigstens eine Verstärkungsblech 17 eine Stabilisierung beziehungsweise Aussteifung des Flansches 3, die einem Knicken beziehungsweise einer Wellenbildung im Flansch 3 entgegenwirkt. Hierdurch kann die Dichtungswirkung zwischen Flansch 3 und Zylinderkopf 8 verbessert werden.By the division of the flange 3 in the Krümmerlängsrichtung 6, the thermally induced strains can be distributed well to the structure of the exhaust manifold 1, ie on the flange 3 and the housing 2, without this, the seal between the inlet pipes 4 and the cylinders is greatly impaired , At the same time, the at least one reinforcing plate 17 effects a stabilization or stiffening of the flange 3, which counteracts buckling or wave formation in the flange 3. As a result, the sealing effect between the flange 3 and the cylinder head 8 can be improved.

Darüber hinaus bewirkt das Verstärkungsblech 17 eine gewisse thermische Isolation des Flansches 3 gegenüber dem Gehäuse 2. Insbesondere schützt das Verstärkungsblech 17 den Flansch 3 vor direkter Strahlungswärme des Gehäuses 2.In addition, the reinforcing plate 17 causes a certain thermal insulation of the flange 3 relative to the housing 2. In particular, the reinforcing plate 17 protects the flange 3 from direct radiant heat of the housing second

Claims (6)

  1. An air gap insulated exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine (1), in particular a motor vehicle,
    - with a housing (2), from which multiple inlet pipes (4) emanate, which in an installed state lead to cylinders of the internal combustion engine (5),
    - with a flange (3), which is welded to the inlet pipes (4) and which in the installed state is screwed to a cylinder head (8) of the internal combustion engine (5) with a screw connection (9),
    - wherein the flange (3) in a longitudinal direction (6) of the exhaust manifold (1) is subdivided into at least two part flanges (3'),
    characterized in
    - that at least one reinforcing plate (17) is provided, which areally abuts the flange (3) on a side facing the housing (2), which bridges at least one gap (16) formed through the subdivision between two adjacent part flanges (3') and which in the installed state is screwed to the cylinder head (8) with the screw connection (9) in such a manner that the flange (3) is arranged between the respective reinforcing plate (17) and the cylinder head (8),
    - that the respective reinforcing plate (17) covers the entire flange (3) in an undivided manner,
    - that the respective reinforcing plate (17) for each inlet pipe (4) comprises a separate through opening (18), which is penetrated by the respective inlet pipe (4).
  2. The exhaust manifold according to claim 1,
    characterized in
    that in the installed state screw heads or nuts of the screw connection (9) support themselves on the flange (3) via the respective reinforcing plate (17).
  3. The manifold according to one of the claims 1 and 2,
    characterized in
    that the flange (3) is divided approximately in the middle.
  4. The exhaust manifold according to any one of the claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in
    that each part flange (3') in the installed state is fixed with respect to the longitudinal direction (6) of the exhaust manifold (1) approximately in the middle by a positive joint on the cylinder head (8) that is effective in the longitudinal direction (6) of the exhaust manifold (1).
  5. The exhaust manifold according to any one of the claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in
    that each part flange (3') in the installed state in the longitudinal direction (6) of the exhaust manifold (1) displaceably abuts the cylinder head (8).
  6. The exhaust manifold according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in
    that the housing (2) with the inlet pipes (4) is formed by an inner shell (13) and an outer shell (12), of which at least one is welded to the flange (3).
EP08171417.2A 2007-12-24 2008-12-12 Exhaust manifold Active EP2075431B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007062660A DE102007062660A1 (en) 2007-12-24 2007-12-24 exhaust manifold

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2075431A1 EP2075431A1 (en) 2009-07-01
EP2075431B1 EP2075431B1 (en) 2010-07-28
EP2075431B2 true EP2075431B2 (en) 2015-03-18

Family

ID=40470015

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US (2) US8230680B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2075431B2 (en)
JP (1) JP5544084B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101469630B (en)
AT (1) ATE475795T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102007062660A1 (en)

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Also Published As

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DE502008001025D1 (en) 2010-09-09
ATE475795T1 (en) 2010-08-15
JP2009150395A (en) 2009-07-09
US8850805B2 (en) 2014-10-07
US20090158723A1 (en) 2009-06-25
EP2075431A1 (en) 2009-07-01
CN101469630B (en) 2012-05-23
JP5544084B2 (en) 2014-07-09
DE102007062660A1 (en) 2009-06-25
CN101469630A (en) 2009-07-01
US20120266588A1 (en) 2012-10-25
EP2075431B1 (en) 2010-07-28
US8230680B2 (en) 2012-07-31

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