EP2075431B2 - Exhaust manifold - Google Patents
Exhaust manifold Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2075431B2 EP2075431B2 EP08171417.2A EP08171417A EP2075431B2 EP 2075431 B2 EP2075431 B2 EP 2075431B2 EP 08171417 A EP08171417 A EP 08171417A EP 2075431 B2 EP2075431 B2 EP 2075431B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flange
- exhaust manifold
- cylinder head
- reinforcing plate
- installed state
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
- F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
- F01N13/107—More than one exhaust manifold or exhaust collector
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
- F01N13/1827—Sealings specially adapted for exhaust systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1838—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly characterised by the type of connection between parts of exhaust or silencing apparatus, e.g. between housing and tubes, between tubes and baffles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/24—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by bolts, screws, rivets or the like
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- Such an exhaust manifold which in principle can also be referred to as an exhaust manifold, is known for example from EP 1 291 500 A2 and comprises a housing from which depart a plurality of inlet pipes, which lead to cylinders of the internal combustion engine in the installed state, and a flange which with the inlet pipes is welded and screwed in the installed state with screws to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine.
- the known exhaust manifold is designed as an air gap insulated exhaust manifold, the housing is formed together with the inlet pipes by an inner shell and an outer shell, which are both welded to the flange and between which a thermally insulating air gap is formed.
- the exhaust manifold During operation of an internal combustion engine, the exhaust manifold often reaches significantly higher temperatures than the cylinder head. This leads to different thermal expansions, which is mainly in a longitudinal direction of the exhaust manifold clearly noticeable, especially in in-line engines with four or more cylinders.
- the present invention is concerned with the problem of providing for an exhaust manifold of the type mentioned an improved embodiment, which is particularly characterized in that during operation of the internal combustion engine, a sufficient sealing effect can be realized, while at the same time a longer life for the exhaust manifold is to be achieved.
- the invention is based on the general idea of dividing the flange in a longitudinal direction of the exhaust manifold.
- the "longitudinal direction" of the exhaust manifold is the direction in which the inlet pipes are arranged alongside or behind one another.
- the longitudinal division of the flange creates two partial flanges, which can change their length thermally independently. As a result, the longitudinal expansion of the individual partial flange is reduced in terms of their absolute size. In conjunction with a screw that allows sliding in the flange plane, the thermal load of the housing can be reduced accordingly.
- the respective division of the flange is realized by a gap which extends transversely to the longitudinal direction and which provides in the longitudinal direction a predetermined gap width between adjacent partial flanges at ambient temperature, which can decrease correspondingly with increasing temperature.
- At least one reinforcing plate is provided, which rests flat on the flange on a side facing the housing, which bridges at least one gap formed between two adjacent partial flanges by the partition and which is screwed in the installed state with the screws to the cylinder head, in such a way that the flange between each Reinforcing plate and the cylinder head is arranged.
- the respective reinforcing plate for each inlet pipe to a separate passage opening which is penetrated by the respective inlet pipe.
- FIG. 1 an exhaust manifold 1 a housing 2 and a flange 3.
- the housing 2 includes a plurality of inlet pipes 4, which emanate from the housing 2 and of a housing 2 formed in the collecting space.
- the inlet pipes 4 lead to cylinders, not shown, of an internal combustion engine 5, which is only partially shown.
- the internal combustion engine 5 is a six-cylinder Erasmusnmotor.
- the inlet pipes 4 are in a direction behind each other or arranged side by side. This direction defines the longitudinal direction of the exhaust manifold 1, which is indicated by a double arrow and denoted by 6. It is clear that the number of inlet pipes 4 reproduced here is to be understood as purely exemplary, so that more or fewer inlet pipes 4 can also be present.
- the housing 2 also has at least one outlet pipe 7, with which the exhaust manifold 1 is connected in the installed state to an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine 5, wherein the internal combustion engine 5 can be arranged in particular in a motor vehicle.
- the flange 3 is welded to the inlet pipes 4 and is screwed in the installed state shown with a cylinder head 8 of the internal combustion engine 5.
- the screw 9 used here can consist of a plurality of individual screws 10, of which only the screw heads are visible here. Likewise, the screw 9 may be formed by a plurality of threaded bolts 11, are placed on the nuts.
- the exhaust manifold 1 can be advantageously designed as an air gap insulated exhaust manifold 1.
- the housing 2 is then formed together with the inlet pipes 4 by an outer shell 12 and an inner shell 13 arranged therein.
- the inner shell 13 is led out in the region of the inlet pipes 4 from the outer shell 12 and according to Fig. 2 welded at 14 to the outer shell 12.
- the flange 3 is in this case welded at 15 only with the inner shell 13.
- it may be provided to guide the outer shell 12 as far as the flange 3 and, in addition, to weld the outer shell 12 to the flange 3 as well.
- the flange 3 is divided in the elbow longitudinal direction 6 into at least two partial flanges 3 '.
- This longitudinal division of the flange 3 is realized by forming a gap 16 in which the respective partial flanges 3 'are spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction 6.
- the gap 16 extends in the example shown in a straight line, and that transverse to the longitudinal direction 6.
- the present at cold exhaust manifold 1 gap width of the gap 16 is tuned to the expected longitudinal expansion of adjacent to the gap 16 arranged partial flanges 3 ', which decreases with increasing temperature the gap width causes.
- the gap 16 is arranged approximately in the middle of the flange 3 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the elbow 6, so that the flange 3 is divided approximately centrally.
- the exhaust manifold 1 also has at least one reinforcing plate 17, which rests flat against the flange 3 at least in the installed state on a side facing the housing 2.
- the reinforcing plate 17 is shaped so that it bridges the gap 16 or at least one gap 16.
- the respective reinforcing plate 17 is screwed by means of the screw 9 to the cylinder head 8, that it presses the flange 3 against the cylinder head 8.
- the flange 3 is disposed between the respective reinforcing plate 17 and the cylinder head 8.
- the determination of the flange 3 on the cylinder head 8 by means of the screw 9 is thus not directly, but indirectly via the respective reinforcing plate 17.
- reinforcing plate 17 In the example shown, only a single reinforcing plate 17 is provided. Basically, in other embodiments, two or more reinforcing plates 17 may be provided, which can be arranged one above the other in the screwing direction, which runs perpendicular to the flange plane.
- the reinforcing plate 17 has for each inlet pipe 4 a separate passage opening 18, which is penetrated by the respective inlet pipe 4.
- the respective reinforcing plate 17 is expediently attached to the housing 2 before the welding of the flange 3.
- the reinforcing plate 17 covers the entire flange 3 here from undivided.
- the reinforcing plate 17 is formed congruent to the flange 3 with respect to the screwing direction.
- the reinforcing plate 17 thus extends over the entire length and / or over the entire width of the flange 3.
- the reinforcing plate 17 for the screw 9 has the same hole pattern with the same or different through holes as the flange. 3
- the flange 3 abuts the cylinder head 8 in a flange plane.
- the contouring of flange 3 and cylinder head 8 in this flange plane can in principle be designed so that each partial flange 3 'in the installed state basically abuts slidably on the cylinder head 8 in the longitudinal direction 6.
- the partial flanges 3 ' are freely displaceable relative to the cylinder head 8.
- the thermal expansion effects can force the displacement, ie a sliding of the respective sub-flange 3 'in the flange plane relative to the cylinder head eighth
- the respective partial flange 3 ' can in a particular embodiment in the installed state with respect to the Krümmerlnaturescardi 6 approximately centrally fixed by an effective at least in the Krümmerlnaturescardi 6 positive connection to the cylinder head 8.
- This positive connection causes the respective partial flange 3 ', starting from the position of the positive connection, to extend in opposite directions parallel to the longitudinal direction of the elbow 6, whereby the relative displacement between the respective partial flange 3' and the cylinder head 8 in the region of the longitudinal ends of the respective partial flange 3 'is reduced.
- Such a positive connection can be achieved, for example, with a tongue and groove configuration.
- the screw heads or nuts of the screw connection 9 are supported on the respective reinforcing plate 17 and not on the partial flanges 3 ', the screw heads or nuts can not dig into the flange 3, whereby the displaceability between the respective partial flange 3' and the cylinder head 8 is improved is relieved.
- the thermally induced strains can be distributed well to the structure of the exhaust manifold 1, ie on the flange 3 and the housing 2, without this, the seal between the inlet pipes 4 and the cylinders is greatly impaired ,
- the at least one reinforcing plate 17 effects a stabilization or stiffening of the flange 3, which counteracts buckling or wave formation in the flange 3.
- the sealing effect between the flange 3 and the cylinder head 8 can be improved.
- the reinforcing plate 17 causes a certain thermal insulation of the flange 3 relative to the housing 2.
- the reinforcing plate 17 protects the flange 3 from direct radiant heat of the housing second
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Abgaskrümmer für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug, mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to an exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, having the features of the preamble of
Ein derartiger Abgaskrümmer, der grundsätzlich auch als Abgassammler bezeichnet werden kann, ist zum Beispiel aus der EP 1 291 500 A2 bekannt und umfasst ein Gehäuse, von dem mehrere Einlassrohre abgehen, die im Einbauzustand zu Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine führen, sowie einen Flansch, der mit den Einlassrohren verschweißt ist und der im Einbauzustand mit Schrauben an einen Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine angeschraubt ist. Ferner ist der bekannte Abgaskrümmer als Luftspalt isolierter Abgaskrümmer ausgestaltet, dessen Gehäuse zusammen mit den Einlassrohren durch eine Innenschale und eine Außenschale gebildet ist, die beide mit dem Flansch verschweißt sind und zwischen denen ein thermisch isolierender Luftspalt ausgebildet ist. Ferner ist beim bekannten Abgaskrümmer vorgesehen, den Flansch in einer Längsrichtung des Abgaskrümmers in mehrere Teilflansche zu unterteilen.Such an exhaust manifold, which in principle can also be referred to as an exhaust manifold, is known for example from
Im Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine erreicht der Abgaskrümmer häufig deutlich höhere Temperaturen als der Zylinderkopf. Dies führt zu unterschiedlichen Wärmedehnungen, was sich vor allem in einer Längsrichtung des Abgaskrümmers deutlich bemerkbar macht, insbesondere bei Reihenmotoren mit vier oder mehr Zylindern.During operation of an internal combustion engine, the exhaust manifold often reaches significantly higher temperatures than the cylinder head. This leads to different thermal expansions, which is mainly in a longitudinal direction of the exhaust manifold clearly noticeable, especially in in-line engines with four or more cylinders.
Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, die Verschraubung des Flansches am Zylinderkopf so auszuführen, dass eine thermisch bedingte Relativbewegung zwischen Flansch und Zylinderkopf minimiert ist. Hierbei kommt es jedoch zu einer extremen Spannungsbildung im Gehäuse, die vergleichsweise rasch zu einer Ermüdung sowie zu einem Bruch des Materials führen kann. Ebenso ist es grundsätzlich möglich, die Verschraubung so auszugestalten, dass sich der Flansch thermisch bedingt relativ zum Zylinderkopf vergleichsweise frei bewegen kann, also in einer Kontaktebene zwischen Flansch und Zylinderkopf schieben kann. Hierdurch kommt es zu einer relativen Lageänderung zwischen den Einlassrohren und den Zylindern, was nachteilig für die Dichtung und ungünstig für die Strömungsverhältnisse ist.In principle, it is possible to carry out the screwing of the flange on the cylinder head in such a way that a thermally induced relative movement between flange and cylinder head is minimized. However, this leads to an extreme formation of stress in the housing, which can lead to fatigue and breakage of the material comparatively rapidly. Likewise, it is basically possible to design the screw connection in such a way that the flange can move comparatively freely relative to the cylinder head for thermal reasons, ie can slide between the flange and cylinder head in a contact plane. This results in a relative change in position between the inlet pipes and the cylinders, which is disadvantageous for the seal and unfavorable for the flow conditions.
Weitere Abgaskrümmer sind aus der DE 10 2005 025 735 B3 und aus der WO 2005/005801 A1 bekannt.Further exhaust manifolds are known from DE 10 2005 025 735 B3 and WO 2005/005801 A1.
Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, für einen Abgaskrümmer der eingangs genannten Art eine verbesserte Ausführungsform anzugeben, die sich insbesondere dadurch auszeichnet, dass im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine eine hinreichende Dichtungswirkung realisierbar ist, während gleichzeitig eine längere Lebenszeit für den Abgaskrümmer erreicht werden soll.The present invention is concerned with the problem of providing for an exhaust manifold of the type mentioned an improved embodiment, which is particularly characterized in that during operation of the internal combustion engine, a sufficient sealing effect can be realized, while at the same time a longer life for the exhaust manifold is to be achieved.
Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of
Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, den Flansch in einer Längsrichtung des Abgaskrümmers zu teilen. Die "Längsrichtung" des Abgaskrümmers ist dabei die Richtung, in welcher die Einlassrohre neben- beziehungsweise hintereinander angeordnet sind. Durch die Längsteilung des Flansches entstehen zwei Teilflansche, die ihre Länge thermisch bedingt unabhängig voneinander ändern können. Hierdurch wird die Längsdehnung des einzelnen Teilflansches bezüglich ihrer absoluten Größe reduziert. In Verbindung mit einer Verschraubung, die ein Schieben in der Flanschebene zulässt, kann die thermische Belastung des Gehäuses entsprechend reduziert werden. Die jeweilige Teilung des Flansches wird dabei durch einen Spalt realisiert, der sich quer zur Längsrichtung erstreckt und der in der Längsrichtung eine vorbestimmte Spaltbreite zwischen benachbarten Teilflanschen bei Umgebungstemperatur bereitstellt, die bei zunehmender Temperatur entsprechend abnehmen kann.The invention is based on the general idea of dividing the flange in a longitudinal direction of the exhaust manifold. The "longitudinal direction" of the exhaust manifold is the direction in which the inlet pipes are arranged alongside or behind one another. The longitudinal division of the flange creates two partial flanges, which can change their length thermally independently. As a result, the longitudinal expansion of the individual partial flange is reduced in terms of their absolute size. In conjunction with a screw that allows sliding in the flange plane, the thermal load of the housing can be reduced accordingly. The respective division of the flange is realized by a gap which extends transversely to the longitudinal direction and which provides in the longitudinal direction a predetermined gap width between adjacent partial flanges at ambient temperature, which can decrease correspondingly with increasing temperature.
Erfindungsgemäß ist zumindest ein Verstärkungsblech vorgesehen, das am Flansch an einer dem Gehäuse zugewandten Seite flächig anliegt, das zumindest einen zwischen zwei benachbarten Teilflanschen durch die Unterteilung gebildeten Spalt überbrückt und das im Einbauzustand mit den Schrauben an den Zylinderkopf angeschraubt ist, und zwar so, dass der Flansch zwischen dem jeweiligen Verstärkungsblech und dem Zylinderkopf angeordnet ist. Durch das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech kann das Anpressen der Teilflansche an den Zylinderkopf im Einbauzustand verbessert werden, so dass das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech einem Abheben, Verknicken und Beulen des Flansches entgegenwirkt. Bei dieser Bauweise stützen sich bei der Verschraubung im Einbauzustand Schraubenköpfe beziehungsweise Muttern nicht mehr am Flansch, sondern am jeweiligen Verstärkungsblech ab, so dass der Flansch mit Hilfe des jeweiligen Verstärkungsblechs gegen den Zylinderkopf gepresst ist. Des weiteren bewirkt das Verstärkungsblech eine Führung der Relativbewegung zwischen Flansch und Zylinderkopf in der Flanschebene. Darüber hinaus verhindert das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech ein Eingraben von Schraubenköpfen oder Muttern in den Flansch, was die Verschiebbarkeit des Flansches beziehungsweise der Teilflansche in der Flanschebene trotz Verschraubung begünstigt.According to the invention, at least one reinforcing plate is provided, which rests flat on the flange on a side facing the housing, which bridges at least one gap formed between two adjacent partial flanges by the partition and which is screwed in the installed state with the screws to the cylinder head, in such a way that the flange between each Reinforcing plate and the cylinder head is arranged. By the respective reinforcing plate, the pressing of the partial flanges can be improved to the cylinder head in the installed state, so that the respective reinforcing plate counteracts lifting, buckling and buckling of the flange. In this construction, screw heads or nuts are no longer supported on the flange, but on the respective reinforcing plate when screwing in the installed state, so that the flange is pressed by means of the respective reinforcing plate against the cylinder head. Furthermore, the reinforcing plate causes a guide of the relative movement between the flange and the cylinder head in the flange plane. In addition, the respective reinforcing plate prevents burying of screw heads or nuts in the flange, which favors the displaceability of the flange or the partial flanges in the flange even despite screwing.
Bei der Erfindung weist das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech für jedes Einlassrohr eine separate Durchgangsöffnung auf, die vom jeweiligen Einlassrohr durchsetzt ist. Diese Bauweise führt dazu, dass das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech eine möglichst gleichmäßige Anpressung des Flansches im Bereich des jeweiligen Einlassrohres realisiert.In the invention, the respective reinforcing plate for each inlet pipe to a separate passage opening which is penetrated by the respective inlet pipe. This construction leads to the fact that the respective reinforcing plate realizes an even contact pressure of the flange in the region of the respective inlet tube.
Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus den Zeichnungen und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen. Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated figure description with reference to the drawings. It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert, wobei sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleiche oder ähnliche oder funktional gleiche Bauteile beziehen.Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.
Es zeigen, jeweils schematisch,
-
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Abgaskrümmers im Einbauzustand, -
Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Detailansicht in einem mittleren Bereich des Abgaskrümmers.
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Fig. 1 a perspective view of an exhaust manifold in the installed state, -
Fig. 2 an enlarged detail view in a central region of the exhaust manifold.
Entsprechend
Das Gehäuse 2 weist außerdem zumindest ein Auslassrohr 7 auf, mit dem der Abgaskrümmer 1 im Einbauzustand an eine Abgasanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine 5 angeschlossen ist, wobei die Brennkraftmaschine 5 insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordnet sein kann.The
Der Flansch 3 ist mit den Einlassrohren 4 verschweißt und ist im gezeigten Einbauzustand mit einem Zylinderkopf 8 der Brennkraftmaschine 5 verschraubt. Die hierbei verwendete Verschraubung 9 kann aus einer Vielzahl einzelner Schrauben 10 bestehen, von denen hier nur die Schraubenköpfe sichtbar sind. Ebenso kann die Verschraubung 9 durch eine Vielzahl von Gewindebolzen 11 gebildet sein, auf die Muttern aufgesetzt sind.The
Der Abgaskrümmer 1 kann vorteilhaft als Luftspalt isolierter Abgaskrümmer 1 ausgestaltet sein. Das Gehäuse 2 ist dann zusammen mit den Einlassrohren 4 durch eine Außenschale 12 und eine darin angeordnete Innenschale 13 gebildet. Im gezeigten Beispiel ist die Innenschale 13 im Bereich der Einlassrohre 4 aus der Außenschale 12 herausgeführt und gemäß
Erfindungsgemäß ist der Flansch 3 in der Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 in wenigstens zwei Teilflansche 3' unterteilt. Diese Längsteilung des Flansches 3 wird dabei durch Ausbilden eines Spalts 16 realisiert, in dem die jeweiligen Teilflansche 3' voneinander in der Längsrichtung 6 beabstandet sind. Der Spalt 16 erstreckt sich im gezeigten Beispiel geradlinig, und zwar quer zur Längsrichtung 6. Die bei kaltem Abgaskrümmer 1 vorliegende Spaltbreite des Spalts 16 ist auf die zu erwartende Längsdehnung der benachbart zum Spalt 16 angeordneten Teilflansche 3' abgestimmt, die mit zunehmender Temperatur eine Reduzierung der Spaltbreite bewirkt.According to the invention, the
Im gezeigten Beispiel ist nur ein einziger Spalt 16 vorgesehen, der den Flansch 3 in genau zwei Teilflansche 3' unterteilt. Es ist klar, dass grundsätzlich auch zwei oder mehr Spalte 16 beziehungsweise Unterteilungen vorgesehen sein können, so dass der Flansch 3 dann aus drei oder mehr Teilflanschen 3' besteht.In the example shown, only a
Im gezeigten Beispiel mit genau zwei Teilflanschen 3' ist der Spalt 16 bezüglich der Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 etwa in der Mitte des Flansches 3 angeordnet, so dass der Flansch 3 etwa mittig geteilt ist.In the example shown with exactly two partial flanges 3 ', the
Der Abgaskrümmer 1 weist außerdem zumindest ein Verstärkungsblech 17 auf, das zumindest im Einbauzustand an einer dem Gehäuse 2 zugewandten Seite am Flansch 3 flächig anliegt. Das Verstärkungsblech 17 ist dabei so geformt, dass es den Spalt 16 beziehungsweise wenigstens einen Spalt 16 überbrückt. Im gezeigten Einbauzustand ist das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech 17 mit Hilfe der Verschraubung 9 so an den Zylinderkopf 8 angeschraubt, dass es den Flansch 3 gegen den Zylinderkopf 8 anpresst. In der Folge ist der Flansch 3 zwischen dem jeweiligen Verstärkungsblech 17 und dem Zylinderkopf 8 angeordnet. Die Festlegung des Flansches 3 am Zylinderkopf 8 mit Hilfe der Verschraubung 9 erfolgt somit nicht direkt, sondern über das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech 17 indirekt.The
Im gezeigten Beispiel ist nur ein einziges Verstärkungsblech 17 vorgesehen. Grundsätzlich können bei anderen Ausführungsformen auch zwei oder mehr Verstärkungsbleche 17 vorgesehen sein, die in der Verschraubungsrichtung, die senkrecht zur Flanschebene verläuft, übereinander angeordnet sein können.In the example shown, only a single reinforcing
Im Beispiel besitzt das Verstärkungsblech 17 für jedes Einlassrohr 4 eine separate Durchgangsöffnung 18, die vom jeweiligen Einlassrohr 4 durchsetzt ist. Für die Herstellung des Abgaskrümmers 1 bedeutet dies, dass das jeweilige Verstärkungsblech 17 zweckmäßig vor dem Verschweißen des Flansches 3 mit dem Gehäuse 2 angebracht wird. Das Verstärkungsblech 17 deckt den gesamten Flansch 3 hier ungeteilt ab. Insbesondere ist das Verstärkungsblech 17 bezüglich der Verschraubungsrichtung deckungsgleich zum Flansch 3 ausgebildet. Das Verstärkungsblech 17 erstreckt sich somit über die gesamte Länge und/oder über die gesamte Breite des Flansches 3. Ferner besitzt das Verstärkungsblech 17 für die Verschraubung 9 das gleiche Lochmuster mit gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Durchgangslöchern wie der Flansch 3.In the example, the reinforcing
Um den Flansch 3 indirekt mit Hilfe des jeweiligen Verstärkungsblechs 17 gegen den Zylinderkopf 8 zu schrauben, stützen sich im Einbauzustand die Köpfe der Schrauben 10 beziehungsweise die Muttern der Gewindebolzen 11 am jeweiligen Verstärkungsblech 17 direkt ab und somit nur indirekt über das Verstärkungsblech 17 am Flansch 3 ab.In order to screw the
Der Flansch 3 liegt am Zylinderkopf 8 in einer Flanschebene an. Die Konturgebung von Flansch 3 und Zylinderkopf 8 in dieser Flanschebene kann grundsätzlich so gestaltet sein, dass jeder Teilflansch 3' im Einbauzustand grundsätzlich in der Längsrichtung 6 verschiebbar am Zylinderkopf 8 anliegt. Bei fehlender Verschraubung 9 sind die Teilflansche 3' frei relativ zum Zylinderkopf 8 verschiebbar. Bei angebrachter Verschraubung 9 können die thermischen Dehnungseffekte die Verschiebung erzwingen, also ein Schieben des jeweiligen Teilflansches 3' in der Flanschebene relativ zum Zylinderkopf 8.The
Der jeweilige Teilflansch 3' kann bei einer besonderen Ausführungsform im Einbauzustand bezüglich der Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 etwa mittig durch einen zumindest in der Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 wirksamen Formschluss am Zylinderkopf 8 fixiert sein. Dieser hier nicht gezeigte Formschluss bewirkt, dass sich der jeweilige Teilflansch 3' ausgehend von der Position des Formschlusses in entgegengesetzten Richtungen parallel zur Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 ausdehnen kann, wodurch die Relativverstellung zwischen dem jeweiligen Teilflansch 3' und dem Zylinderkopf 8 im Bereich der Längsenden des jeweiligen Teilflansches 3' reduziert ist. Ein solcher Formschluss lässt sich zum Beispiel mit einer Nut-Feder-Konfiguration erreichen.The respective partial flange 3 'can in a particular embodiment in the installed state with respect to the
Da sich die Schraubenköpfe beziehungsweise Muttern der Verschraubung 9 am jeweiligen Verstärkungsblech 17 und nicht an den Teilflanschen 3' abstützen, können sich die Schraubenköpfe beziehungsweise Muttern nicht in den Flansch 3 eingraben, wodurch die Verschiebbarkeit zwischen dem jeweiligen Teilflansch 3' und dem Zylinderkopf 8 verbessert beziehungsweise erleichtert ist.Since the screw heads or nuts of the
Durch die Teilung des Flansches 3 in der Krümmerlängsrichtung 6 können die thermisch bedingten Dehnungen ausgewogen auf die Struktur des Abgaskrümmers 1, also auf den Flansch 3 und das Gehäuse 2 verteilt werden, ohne dass hierbei die Dichtung zwischen den Einlassrohren 4 und den Zylindern stark beeinträchtigt wird. Gleichzeitig bewirkt das wenigstens eine Verstärkungsblech 17 eine Stabilisierung beziehungsweise Aussteifung des Flansches 3, die einem Knicken beziehungsweise einer Wellenbildung im Flansch 3 entgegenwirkt. Hierdurch kann die Dichtungswirkung zwischen Flansch 3 und Zylinderkopf 8 verbessert werden.By the division of the
Darüber hinaus bewirkt das Verstärkungsblech 17 eine gewisse thermische Isolation des Flansches 3 gegenüber dem Gehäuse 2. Insbesondere schützt das Verstärkungsblech 17 den Flansch 3 vor direkter Strahlungswärme des Gehäuses 2.In addition, the reinforcing
Claims (6)
- An air gap insulated exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine (1), in particular a motor vehicle,- with a housing (2), from which multiple inlet pipes (4) emanate, which in an installed state lead to cylinders of the internal combustion engine (5),- with a flange (3), which is welded to the inlet pipes (4) and which in the installed state is screwed to a cylinder head (8) of the internal combustion engine (5) with a screw connection (9),- wherein the flange (3) in a longitudinal direction (6) of the exhaust manifold (1) is subdivided into at least two part flanges (3'),characterized in- that at least one reinforcing plate (17) is provided, which areally abuts the flange (3) on a side facing the housing (2), which bridges at least one gap (16) formed through the subdivision between two adjacent part flanges (3') and which in the installed state is screwed to the cylinder head (8) with the screw connection (9) in such a manner that the flange (3) is arranged between the respective reinforcing plate (17) and the cylinder head (8),- that the respective reinforcing plate (17) covers the entire flange (3) in an undivided manner,- that the respective reinforcing plate (17) for each inlet pipe (4) comprises a separate through opening (18), which is penetrated by the respective inlet pipe (4).
- The exhaust manifold according to claim 1,
characterized in
that in the installed state screw heads or nuts of the screw connection (9) support themselves on the flange (3) via the respective reinforcing plate (17). - The manifold according to one of the claims 1 and 2,
characterized in
that the flange (3) is divided approximately in the middle. - The exhaust manifold according to any one of the claims 1 to 3,
characterized in
that each part flange (3') in the installed state is fixed with respect to the longitudinal direction (6) of the exhaust manifold (1) approximately in the middle by a positive joint on the cylinder head (8) that is effective in the longitudinal direction (6) of the exhaust manifold (1). - The exhaust manifold according to any one of the claims 1 to 3,
characterized in
that each part flange (3') in the installed state in the longitudinal direction (6) of the exhaust manifold (1) displaceably abuts the cylinder head (8). - The exhaust manifold according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in
that the housing (2) with the inlet pipes (4) is formed by an inner shell (13) and an outer shell (12), of which at least one is welded to the flange (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007062660A DE102007062660A1 (en) | 2007-12-24 | 2007-12-24 | exhaust manifold |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2075431A1 EP2075431A1 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
EP2075431B1 EP2075431B1 (en) | 2010-07-28 |
EP2075431B2 true EP2075431B2 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
Family
ID=40470015
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08171417.2A Active EP2075431B2 (en) | 2007-12-24 | 2008-12-12 | Exhaust manifold |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8230680B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2075431B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5544084B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101469630B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE475795T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102007062660A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007062660A1 (en) | 2007-12-24 | 2009-06-25 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | exhaust manifold |
JP5031708B2 (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2012-09-26 | アイシン高丘株式会社 | Exhaust manifold fastening structure |
WO2010110242A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-09-30 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Exhaust gas purifying device for internal combustion engine |
US8763383B2 (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2014-07-01 | Evolution Motorsports | Exhaust flow divider |
US8795013B1 (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2014-08-05 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Outboard motor |
JP5890257B2 (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2016-03-22 | フタバ産業株式会社 | Exhaust system parts |
EP2895714B1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2017-06-07 | Deutz AG | Internal combustion engine having a spacer sleeve with centring device |
US9687784B2 (en) | 2014-04-08 | 2017-06-27 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Exhaust system having segmented service flange |
JP2024066185A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-05-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fastening structure and fastening structure design method |
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EP0918148A2 (en) † | 1997-11-26 | 1999-05-26 | HEINRICH GILLET GMBH & CO. KG | Exhaust manifold flange |
US20020174650A1 (en) † | 2001-05-23 | 2002-11-28 | Gerd Durr | Exhaust manifold |
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-
2007
- 2007-12-24 DE DE102007062660A patent/DE102007062660A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-12-12 AT AT08171417T patent/ATE475795T1/en active
- 2008-12-12 DE DE502008001025T patent/DE502008001025D1/en active Active
- 2008-12-12 EP EP08171417.2A patent/EP2075431B2/en active Active
- 2008-12-17 US US12/336,956 patent/US8230680B2/en active Active
- 2008-12-17 CN CN200810187232.7A patent/CN101469630B/en active Active
- 2008-12-22 JP JP2008324860A patent/JP5544084B2/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-06-26 US US13/533,644 patent/US8850805B2/en active Active
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DE4226171A1 (en) † | 1992-08-07 | 1994-02-10 | Bischoff Erhardt Gmbh Co Kg | Exhaust manifold |
EP0918148A2 (en) † | 1997-11-26 | 1999-05-26 | HEINRICH GILLET GMBH & CO. KG | Exhaust manifold flange |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20120266588A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
US8230680B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 |
CN101469630A (en) | 2009-07-01 |
CN101469630B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
DE502008001025D1 (en) | 2010-09-09 |
JP5544084B2 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
ATE475795T1 (en) | 2010-08-15 |
JP2009150395A (en) | 2009-07-09 |
US8850805B2 (en) | 2014-10-07 |
DE102007062660A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
EP2075431A1 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
EP2075431B1 (en) | 2010-07-28 |
US20090158723A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
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