EP2072087A1 - Mattress for fire protection, associated method - Google Patents
Mattress for fire protection, associated method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2072087A1 EP2072087A1 EP20080172092 EP08172092A EP2072087A1 EP 2072087 A1 EP2072087 A1 EP 2072087A1 EP 20080172092 EP20080172092 EP 20080172092 EP 08172092 A EP08172092 A EP 08172092A EP 2072087 A1 EP2072087 A1 EP 2072087A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mattress
- fire protection
- fibrous
- mineral fiber
- mineral
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001639412 Verres Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007970 homogeneous dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012421 spiking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C8/00—Hand tools or accessories specially adapted for fire-fighting, e.g. tool boxes
- A62C8/06—Fire-blankets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23—Sheet including cover or casing
- Y10T428/239—Complete cover or casing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/654—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
- Y10T442/658—Particulate free metal or alloy constituent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
- Y10T442/668—Separate nonwoven fabric layers comprise chemically different strand or fiber material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
- Y10T442/67—Multiple nonwoven fabric layers composed of the same inorganic strand or fiber material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
- Y10T442/673—Including particulate material other than fiber
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mattress for fire protection, especially for applications as a firewall.
- the term "mattress” is understood to mean an easily manipulable flexible device of substantially flat shape, in which the thickness is substantially less than or even less than at least a factor of 5, for example at least a factor of 10 to each of the others. dimensions.
- such a mattress is substantially parallelepipedal.
- this main surface is rectangular, but it can also be trapezoidal, have one or more curvatures, or have any shape adapted to protect a given device against the propagation of heat, especially in case of fires.
- Such a mattress is for example used to protect cables and / or ducts in a cable duct or fluid passage means.
- fluid passage means any channel or vector of a fluid in the broad sense, gas or liquid.
- the cables or sheaths are generally containers of son or fibers such as for example electrical son of power or signal, coaxial son, optical fibers.
- Such chambers are cavities allowing access to buried cable trays. They are for example distributed at regular distance over long distances to allow at first the drawing of the cables and subsequently their inspection.
- the draw chambers are parallelepipedic, include a removable face and two faces adapted to the creation of openings may pass through cables, ducts or fluid passage means.
- Such draw chambers are in particular installed buried in tunnels, and are substantially flush with the pavement level. Safety requirements in tunnels are particularly high and there is a need to find enhanced fire protection means, especially for this type of application.
- the present invention is a mattress for fire protection that can be handled easily while providing improved fire protection.
- Such a mattress can indeed be manufactured on an industrial site and moved to be installed at a desired location. In addition, it can easily be removed, for example to inspect an installation or device it protects, and then be replaced without damage and while again ensuring excellent fire protection.
- Such a succession of steps makes it possible advantageously to obtain a fire-protection mat having excellent fire-resistance properties and which advantageously delays an increase in temperature of a device or an installation that it is intended to protect. .
- the present invention also relates to a draft chamber comprising walls, at least one wall is removable, defining a space for receiving cables and / or fluid passage means, generally passing through said draft chamber, which comprises a mattress for fire protection as described above or obtained according to the method above, and wherein said mattress is disposed between the space for receiving cables and / or fluid passage means and the removable wall.
- Such a draft chamber is thus advantageously protected against a fire and can be installed satisfactorily in tunnels where it meets the safety requirements specific to such installations.
- the figure 1 illustrates an example of mattress 1 for fire protection according to the invention, seen in schematic section.
- the mattress 1 comprises three identical fibrous subassemblies 11, 12, 13 superimposed and arranged parallel to a main surface of the mattress 1.
- Each fibrous sub-assembly consists of three plies of wool of mineral fibers 2, 3, 4 superimposed and arranged parallel to said main surface of the mattress 1.
- the mineral fiber wool plies are separated from each other, 4 and 3, 3 and 2, by at least one mineral fiber web. It is possible to have a single layer of fabric or to superpose several of them between two plies of mineral fiber wool.
- Refractory particles 8 in particular metasilicates, are dispersed in a substantially homogeneous manner within each fibrous subassembly 11, 12, 13.
- a means for obtaining a substantially homogeneous dispersion of the refractory particles 8 within each fibrous subassembly consists in arranging the refractory particles on the surface between two plies of mineral fiber wool, 4 and 3, 3 and 2, and then spiking. all.
- the movement of the needles makes it possible to push these refractory particles and to ensure their dispersion within the layers of wool of mineral fibers, 2, 3, 4.
- Refractory particles can also be disposed in contact with the fabrics 5 between the mineral fiber wool webs or between the fabric folds 5 if a plurality of mineral fiber fabrics are superimposed between the mineral fiber wool webs.
- the fibrous subassemblies 11, 12, 13 are superimposed and joined together by a layer of refractory adhesive 6 disposed over substantially the entire contact surface between two fibrous assemblies, 11 and 12, 12 and 13.
- An envelope 7 surrounds the assembly and forms the main surfaces of the mattress, as well as its side surfaces.
- the casing 7 is made of mineral fibers impregnated with a flame retardant silicone.
- this envelope is hermetic.
- This envelope may comprise free ends extending beyond the main surfaces of the fibrous subassemblies, to ensure for example a connection between a wall and the mattress 1.
- the mattress shown further comprises handles 10 disposed on a major surface of the casing 7 which allow easy handling of the mattress. It is thus possible to easily put it in place and if necessary to remove it, especially for an inspection after which the mattress is again put in place.
- the figure 2 represents a schematic perspective view where a mattress 1 according to the invention is disposed in a draft chamber 20.
- the drawing chamber 20 is substantially a rectangular parallelepiped of external dimension L x 1 x h. It comprises two substantially vertical walls 21, a bottom 23, a removable cover wall 24 and two side walls (not shown) comprising openings for passing a plurality of cables, sheaths, or fluid passage means 30.
- such a side wall comprises zones of thinned thickness, in particular circular zones, which can easily be disengaged, for example with a hammer and a chisel, in order to provide an opening where it is desired to pass a cable and / or a sheath and / or a fluid passage means.
- a bearing zone 22 has been formed in the walls 21 in order to receive and embed the lid 24.
- the cables pass through the drawing chamber 20 and are electrical power cables, cables making it possible to connect sensors to a control system, installation control cables, coaxial cables, optical fibers. .
- the walls 21, side, the bottom are usually concrete.
- the lid 24 is for example made of reinforced concrete or cast iron.
- such a draft chamber can be buried, and arranged for example so that the cover 24 is flush on a floor, especially at a roadway or sidewalk.
- a mattress 1 for fire protection according to the invention is disposed between the cables, sheaths or fluid passage means 30 and the cover 24.
- Said mattress 1 can be arranged directly and placed above the cables, sleeves or other means of fluid passage.
- the grid 40 may be metallic and rest on supports, for example brackets 41 attached to the draft chamber and located between the cables, sleeves and other fluid passage means and the cover 24.
- the mineral wool used consists essentially of silica (SiO 2 ), calcium oxide (CaO) and magnesia (MgO).
- Each ply 2, 3, 4 of mineral fiber wool has a thickness of 7 to 8 mm.
- each fibrous subassembly is about 25 mm, so that the total thickness of the mattress is about 75 mm.
- the weight per unit area of each of the mineral wool sheets is about 6 to 7 kg / m 2 .
- Metasilicate particles were arranged between the mineral fiber wool plies of each fibrous subassembly at a weight per unit area of 0.8 kg / m 2 . Each fibrous subset was then needled.
- a refractory glue made of silico-aluminous component was placed between the fibrous subassemblies.
- Mattresses thus produced have been arranged in a drawing chamber according to the representation in figure 2 .
- Power cables, signal cables and optical fibers were arranged, and were connected on both sides of the draft chamber to measuring instruments.
- the draft chamber thus constituted was placed in a furnace suitable for tests representative of a fire.
- Refractory blocks made it possible to partition the lateral parts of the draft chamber while leaving the lid free. The whole was instrumented, in particular using thermocouples.
- the first temperature cycle follows the normalized evolution according to the time-temperature curve referenced ISO 834, the second follows the evolution of a time-temperature curve known to those skilled in the art known as the HCM (for higher hydrocarbon) curve.
- the mattress allows to obtain a non-degraded operation of power cables, signal and optical fibers arranged in the draw chamber for at least 4 hours for the tests according to the ISO 834 curve and for at least 2 hours for the tests according to the HCM curve.
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un matelas pour protection au feu, notamment pour des applications en tant que coupe-feu.The present invention relates to a mattress for fire protection, especially for applications as a firewall.
On entend par « matelas » un dispositif souple aisément manipulable, de forme sensiblement plate, où l'épaisseur est sensiblement inférieure, voire inférieure d'au moins un facteur 5, de même par exemple d'au moins un facteur 10 à chacune des autres dimensions.The term "mattress" is understood to mean an easily manipulable flexible device of substantially flat shape, in which the thickness is substantially less than or even less than at least a factor of 5, for example at least a factor of 10 to each of the others. dimensions.
En général un tel matelas est sensiblement parallélépipédique. On dénomme « surface principale », une surface du matelas ou d'une couche le constituant perpendiculaire au sens de l'épaisseur. De manière générale cette surface principale est rectangulaire, mais elle peut également être trapézoïdale, présenter une ou plusieurs courbures, ou avoir toute forme adaptée à protéger un dispositif donné contre la propagation de la chaleur, notamment en cas d'incendies.In general, such a mattress is substantially parallelepipedal. The term "main surface", a surface of the mattress or a layer constituting it perpendicular to the direction of thickness. Generally this main surface is rectangular, but it can also be trapezoidal, have one or more curvatures, or have any shape adapted to protect a given device against the propagation of heat, especially in case of fires.
Un tel matelas est par exemple utilisé pour protéger des câbles et/ou gaines dans un chemin de câble ou des moyens de passage de fluide. On entend par « moyen de passage de fluide » toute canalisation ou vecteur d'un fluide au sens large, gaz ou liquide.Such a mattress is for example used to protect cables and / or ducts in a cable duct or fluid passage means. The term "fluid passage means" any channel or vector of a fluid in the broad sense, gas or liquid.
Les câbles ou gaines sont en général des contenants de fils ou fibres tels par exemple des fils électriques de puissance ou de signal, des fils coaxiaux, des fibres optiques.The cables or sheaths are generally containers of son or fibers such as for example electrical son of power or signal, coaxial son, optical fibers.
Il est en effet très important, voire essentiel de pouvoir protéger des câbles ou gaines ou des moyens de passage de fluide au cours d'incendie, par exemple au moins pour protéger les câbles contenant des fils reliés à des capteurs, notamment d'incendie, ou à des moyens de commande, notamment en vue d'éteindre un incendie ou de déclencher un dispositif d'alarme ou de sécurité.It is indeed very important, even essential to be able to protect cables or sheaths or fluid passage means during fire, for example at least to protect cables containing son connected to sensors, including fire, or means of command, in particular to extinguish a fire or to trigger an alarm or safety device.
Un cas particulier de dispositif où une protection au feu rigoureuse doit être assurée concerne les chambres de tirage. De telles chambres sont des cavités permettant d'avoir accès à des chemins de câbles enterrés. Elles sont par exemple réparties à distance régulière sur de longues distances pour permettre en un premier temps le tirage des câbles et ultérieurement leur inspection.A particular case of device where a rigorous fire protection must be provided concerns the draw chambers. Such chambers are cavities allowing access to buried cable trays. They are for example distributed at regular distance over long distances to allow at first the drawing of the cables and subsequently their inspection.
En général, les chambres de tirage sont parallélépipédiques, comprennent une face amovible et deux faces adaptées à la création d'ouvertures susceptibles de laisser passer des câbles, gaines ou moyens de passage de fluide. De telles chambres de tirage sont notamment installées enterrées dans des tunnels, et affleurent sensiblement au niveau des chaussées. Les exigences de sécurité dans les tunnels sont particulièrement élevées et il existe un besoin de trouver des moyens de protection au feu renforcés, notamment pour ce type d'application.In general, the draw chambers are parallelepipedic, include a removable face and two faces adapted to the creation of openings may pass through cables, ducts or fluid passage means. Such draw chambers are in particular installed buried in tunnels, and are substantially flush with the pavement level. Safety requirements in tunnels are particularly high and there is a need to find enhanced fire protection means, especially for this type of application.
La présente invention vise un matelas pour protection au feu susceptible d'être manipulé aisément tout en offrant une protection au feu améliorée.The present invention is a mattress for fire protection that can be handled easily while providing improved fire protection.
L'invention propose ainsi un matelas pour protection au feu comprenant :
- au moins deux sous ensembles fibreux disposés sensiblement parallèles à une surface principale du matelas où chaque sous ensemble fibreux comprend au moins deux nappes de laine de fibres minérales, sensiblement parallèles à ladite surface principale du matelas, séparées par au moins un tissu de fibres minérales et où des particules réfractaires sont disposées à l'intérieur d'au moins une nappe de laine de fibres minérales ;
- au moins une couche de colle réfractaire solidarisant entre eux les sous ensembles fibreux ;
- une enveloppe comprenant un tissu de fibres minérales imprégné par une silicone ignifuge et enfermant l'ensemble des sous ensembles fibreux.
- at least two fibrous subassemblies disposed substantially parallel to a main surface of the mattress where each fibrous subassembly comprises at least two plies of mineral fiber wool, substantially parallel to said main surface of the mattress, separated by at least one mineral fiber fabric and wherein refractory particles are disposed within at least one ply of mineral fiber wool;
- at least one layer of refractory glue solidarisant between them fibrous subassemblies;
- an envelope comprising a mineral fiber fabric impregnated with a flame retardant silicone and enclosing all the fibrous subassemblies.
Grâce à la configuration dudit matelas, il est possible d'obtenir un matelas remarquablement efficace en terme de protection au feu et qui est aisément manipulable. Un tel matelas peut en effet être fabriqué sur un site industriel et déplacé pour être installé à un emplacement souhaité. En outre, il peut aisément être retiré, par exemple afin d'inspecter une installation ou un dispositif qu'il protège, et être ensuite replacé sans dommage et tout en assurant à nouveau une excellente protection au feu.Thanks to the configuration of said mattress, it is possible to obtain a remarkably effective mattress in terms of fire protection and which is easily manipulated. Such a mattress can indeed be manufactured on an industrial site and moved to be installed at a desired location. In addition, it can easily be removed, for example to inspect an installation or device it protects, and then be replaced without damage and while again ensuring excellent fire protection.
Selon différents modes de réalisation, qui peuvent être combinés :
- le matelas comprend trois sous ensembles fibreux entre chacun desquels est disposée au moins une couche de colle réfractaire ;
- chaque sous ensemble fibreux comprend trois nappes de laine de fibres minérales entre chacune desquelles est disposé au moins un tissu de fibres minérales ;
- les fibres minérales des nappes de laine de fibres minérales sont des fibres réfractaires, par exemple constituées essentiellement de silice (SiO2), d'oxyde de calcium (CaO) et d'oxyde de magnésium (MgO) ;
- les fibres minérales des tissus de fibres minérales sont des fibres de verre, par exemple de type VERRANE ;
- les fibres minérales de l'enveloppe sont des fibres de verre, par exemple des fibres continues ;
- les constituants de chaque sous ensemble fibreux sont aiguilletés simultanément ;
- la colle réfractaire est constituée de composants silico-alumineux ;
- les particules réfractaires sont des métasilicates ;
- des poignées sont disposées sur une surface de l'enveloppe parallèle à ladite surface principale du matelas.
- the mattress comprises three fibrous subassemblies between each of which is disposed at least one layer of refractory glue;
- each fibrous subset comprises three plies of mineral fiber wool between each of which is disposed at least one mineral fiber fabric;
- the mineral fibers of the mineral fiber wool layers are refractory fibers, for example consisting essentially of silica (SiO 2 ), calcium oxide (CaO) and magnesium oxide (MgO);
- the mineral fibers of the mineral fiber fabrics are glass fibers, for example of the VERRANE type;
- the mineral fibers of the envelope are glass fibers, for example continuous fibers;
- the constituents of each fibrous subset are needled simultaneously;
- the refractory glue consists of silico-aluminous components;
- the refractory particles are metasilicates;
- handles are disposed on a surface of the casing parallel to said main surface of the mattress.
L'invention vise également un procédé de fabrication d'un matelas pour protection au feu comprenant les étapes suivantes :
- a) fabrication d'au moins deux sous ensemble fibreux comprenant les sous étapes :
- a1) disposer sensiblement horizontalement une nappe de laine de fibres minérales ;
- a2) disposer des particules réfractaires sur une surface principale de la nappe de laine de fibres minérales de l'étape a1) ;
- a3) disposer au moins un tissu de fibres minérales sur une surface principale de la nappe de laine de fibres minérales;
- a4) disposer une nappe de laine de fibres minérales sur la nappe de laine de fibres minérales recouverte des particules réfractaires de l'étape a2) et du tissu de l'étape a3) ;
- a5) renouveler facultativement les étapes a2) à a4) pour obtenir le nombre de couches de nappes de laine de fibres minérales désiré ;
- a6) aiguilleter le produit intermédiaire résultant des étapes a1) à a5) pour constituer un sous ensemble fibreux ;
- b) superposer et assembler au moins deux sous ensembles fibreux en disposant entre eux une couche de colle réfractaire ;
- c) disposer autour du produit intermédiaire obtenu après l'étape b) une enveloppe comprenant un tissu de fibres minérales imprégné par une silicone ignifuge.
- a) manufacturing at least two fibrous subassemblies comprising the sub-steps:
- a1) arranging substantially horizontally a wool web of mineral fibers;
- a2) disposing the refractory particles on a main surface of the mineral fiber wool web of step a1);
- a3) disposing at least one mineral fiber web on a major surface of the mineral fiber wool web;
- a4) arranging a ply of mineral fiber wool on the mineral fiber wool ply covered with the refractory particles of step a2) and the fabric of step a3);
- a5) optionally renewing steps a2) to a4) to obtain the number of desired mineral fiber wool ply layers;
- a6) needling the intermediate product resulting from steps a1) to a5) to form a fibrous subassembly;
- b) superimposing and assembling at least two fibrous subassemblies by placing between them a layer of refractory glue;
- c) placing around the intermediate product obtained after step b) an envelope comprising a mineral fiber fabric impregnated with a flame retardant silicone.
Une telle succession d'étapes permet d'obtenir avantageusement un matelas pour protection au feu présentant d'excellentes propriétés de résistance au feu et qui retarde avantageusement une augmentation de température d'un dispositif ou d'une installation qu'il est destiné à protéger.Such a succession of steps makes it possible advantageously to obtain a fire-protection mat having excellent fire-resistance properties and which advantageously delays an increase in temperature of a device or an installation that it is intended to protect. .
Il convient de noter que les caractéristiques ci-dessus visant les constituants du matelas selon l'invention sont transposables aux matériaux utilisés dans le présent procédé.It should be noted that the above characteristics for the constituents of the mattress according to the invention are transposable to the materials used in the present process.
La présente invention vise également une chambre de tirage comprenant des parois, dont au moins une paroi est amovible, délimitant un espace pour recevoir des câbles et/ou des moyens de passage de fluide, traversant en général ladite chambre de tirage , qui comprend un matelas pour protection au feu tel que décrit ci-dessus ou obtenu selon le procédé ci dessus, et où ledit matelas est disposé entre l'espace pour recevoir des câbles et/ou des moyens de passage de fluide et la paroi amovible.The present invention also relates to a draft chamber comprising walls, at least one wall is removable, defining a space for receiving cables and / or fluid passage means, generally passing through said draft chamber, which comprises a mattress for fire protection as described above or obtained according to the method above, and wherein said mattress is disposed between the space for receiving cables and / or fluid passage means and the removable wall.
Une telle chambre de tirage est ainsi avantageusement protégée contre un incendie et peut être installée de manière satisfaisante dans des tunnels où elle répond aux exigences de sécurité spécifiques à de telles installations.Such a draft chamber is thus advantageously protected against a fire and can be installed satisfactorily in tunnels where it meets the safety requirements specific to such installations.
D'autres particularités et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront dans la description ci-après d'exemples de réalisation non limitatifs, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :
- la
figure 1 représente une coupe schématique d'un matelas selon l'invention ; - la
figure 2 représente une chambre de tirage comprenant un tel matelas.
- the
figure 1 represents a schematic section of a mattress according to the invention; - the
figure 2 represents a drawing chamber comprising such a mattress.
Pour des raisons de clarté, les dimensions des différents éléments représentés sur ces figures ne sont pas nécessairement en proportion avec leurs dimensions réelles. Sur ces figures, des références identiques correspondent à des éléments identiques.For the sake of clarity, the dimensions of the different elements shown in these figures are not necessarily in proportion to their actual dimensions. In these figures, identical references correspond to identical elements.
La
Chaque sous ensemble fibreux est constitué de trois nappes de laine de fibres minérales 2, 3, 4 superposées et disposées parallèles à ladite surface principale du matelas 1.Each fibrous sub-assembly consists of three plies of wool of
Dans chaque sous ensemble fibreux, 11, 12, 13, les nappes de laine de fibres minérales sont séparées l'une de l'autre, 4 et 3, 3 et 2, par au moins un tissu 5 de fibres minérales. Il est possible de disposer une seule couche de tissu ou d'en superposer plusieurs entre deux nappes de laine de fibres minérales.In each fibrous subset, 11, 12, 13, the mineral fiber wool plies are separated from each other, 4 and 3, 3 and 2, by at least one mineral fiber web. It is possible to have a single layer of fabric or to superpose several of them between two plies of mineral fiber wool.
Des particules réfractaires 8, notamment des métasilicates, sont dispersées de manière sensiblement homogène au sein de chaque sous ensemble fibreux 11, 12, 13.
Un moyen permettant d'obtenir une dispersion sensiblement homogène des particules réfractaires 8 au sein de chaque sous ensemble fibreux consiste à disposer des particules réfractaires sur la surface entre deux nappes de laine de fibres minérales, 4 et 3, 3 et 2 puis d'aiguilleter l'ensemble. Le mouvement des aiguilles permet de pousser ces particules réfractaires et d'assurer leur dispersion au sein des nappes de laine de fibres minérales, 2, 3, 4.A means for obtaining a substantially homogeneous dispersion of the
Des particules réfractaires peuvent également être disposées au contact des tissus 5 séparant les nappes de laine de fibres minérales ou entre plis de tissus 5 si une pluralité de tissus de fibres minérales sont superposés entre les nappes de laine de fibres minérales.Refractory particles can also be disposed in contact with the
Les sous ensembles fibreux 11, 12, 13 sont superposés et solidarisés entre eux par une couche de colle réfractaire 6 disposée sur sensiblement toute la surface de contact entre deux ensembles fibreux, 11 et 12, 12 et 13.The
Une enveloppe 7 entoure l'ensemble et forme les surfaces principales du matelas, ainsi que ses surfaces latérales. L'enveloppe 7 est constituée de fibres minérales imprégnées par une silicone ignifuge.An
De préférence, cette enveloppe est hermétique. Cette enveloppe peut comprendre des extrémités libres s'étendant au-delà des surfaces principales des sous ensemble fibreux, pour assurer par exemple une liaison entre une paroi et le matelas 1.Preferably, this envelope is hermetic. This envelope may comprise free ends extending beyond the main surfaces of the fibrous subassemblies, to ensure for example a connection between a wall and the mattress 1.
Le matelas représenté comprend en outre des poignées 10 disposées sur une surface principale de l'enveloppe 7 qui permettent une manipulation facile du matelas. Il est ainsi possible de le mettre aisément en place et si besoin de le retirer, notamment pour une inspection après laquelle le matelas est à nouveau mis en place.The mattress shown further comprises
La
La chambre de tirage 20 est sensiblement un parallélépipède rectangle de dimension extérieure L x 1 x h. Elle comprend deux parois sensiblement verticales 21, un fond 23, une paroi amovible 24 formant couvercle et deux parois latérales (non représentées) comprenant des ouvertures pour laisser passer une pluralité de câbles, gaines, ou moyens de passage de fluide 30.The drawing
En général une telle paroi latérale comprend des zones d'épaisseur amincie, notamment des zones circulaires, qui peuvent aisément être dégagées, par exemple avec un marteau et un burin, afin de ménager une ouverture là où l'on souhaite faire passer un câble et/ou une gaine et/ou un moyen de passage de fluide.In general, such a side wall comprises zones of thinned thickness, in particular circular zones, which can easily be disengaged, for example with a hammer and a chisel, in order to provide an opening where it is desired to pass a cable and / or a sheath and / or a fluid passage means.
Dans la chambre de tirage 20, on a ménagé une zone d'appui 22 dans les parois 21 afin de recevoir et d'encastrer le couvercle 24.In the
A titre d'exemple, une telle chambre de tirage peut avoir les dimensions extérieures suivantes : L = 1,63 m, 1 = 0,77 m, h = 0,68 m.By way of example, such a draft chamber may have the following external dimensions: L = 1.63 m, 1 = 0.77 m, h = 0.68 m.
A titre d'exemple, les câbles traversent la chambre de tirage 20 et sont des câbles électriques de puissance, des câbles permettant de relier des capteurs à un système de contrôle, des câbles de commande d'installation, des câbles coaxiaux, des fibres optiques.By way of example, the cables pass through the drawing
Les parois 21, latérales, le fond sont généralement en béton. Le couvercle 24 est par exemple en béton armé ou en fonte.The
De manière connue en soi, une telle chambre de tirage peut être enterrée, et disposée par exemple de manière à ce que le couvercle 24 affleure sur un sol, notamment au niveau d'une chaussée ou d'un trottoir.In a manner known per se, such a draft chamber can be buried, and arranged for example so that the
Un matelas 1 pour protection au feu selon l'invention est disposé entre les câbles, gaines ou moyens de passage de fluide 30 et le couvercle 24.A mattress 1 for fire protection according to the invention is disposed between the cables, sheaths or fluid passage means 30 and the
Ledit matelas 1 peut être disposé directement et posé au-dessus des câbles, gaines ou autres moyens de passage de fluide.Said mattress 1 can be arranged directly and placed above the cables, sleeves or other means of fluid passage.
Il est également possible de prévoir une grille 40 sur laquelle est disposé le matelas 1. La grille 40 peut être métallique et reposer sur des supports, par exemple des cornières 41 fixées à la chambre de tirage et situées entre les câbles, gaines et autres moyens de passages de fluide et le couvercle 24.It is also possible to provide a
Des matelas pour protection au feu selon la
La laine minérale utilisée est constituée essentiellement de silice (SiO2), d'oxyde de calcium (CaO) et de magnésie (MgO).The mineral wool used consists essentially of silica (SiO 2 ), calcium oxide (CaO) and magnesia (MgO).
Chaque nappe 2, 3, 4 de laine de fibre minérale a une épaisseur de 7 à 8 mm.Each
L'épaisseur de chaque sous ensemble fibreux est d'environ 25 mm, si bien que l'épaisseur totale du matelas est d'environ 75 mm.The thickness of each fibrous subassembly is about 25 mm, so that the total thickness of the mattress is about 75 mm.
La masse surfacique de chacune des nappes de laine minérale est d'environ 6 à 7 kg/m2.The weight per unit area of each of the mineral wool sheets is about 6 to 7 kg / m 2 .
Des particules de métasilicate ont été disposées entre les nappes de laine de fibres minérales de chaque sous ensemble fibreux à raison d'une masse surfacique de 0,8 kg/m2. Chaque sous ensembles fibreux a ensuite été aiguilleté.Metasilicate particles were arranged between the mineral fiber wool plies of each fibrous subassembly at a weight per unit area of 0.8 kg / m 2 . Each fibrous subset was then needled.
Une colle réfractaire constituée de composant silico-alumineux a été disposée entre les sous ensembles fibreux.A refractory glue made of silico-aluminous component was placed between the fibrous subassemblies.
Des matelas ainsi réalisés ont été disposés dans une chambre de tirage selon la représentation en
La chambre de tirage ainsi constituée a été placée dans un four adapté aux essais représentatifs d'un incendie. Des blocs de réfractaire ont permis de cloisonner les parties latérales de la chambre de tirage tout en laissant le couvercle libre. L'ensemble a été instrumenté, notamment à l'aide de thermocouples.The draft chamber thus constituted was placed in a furnace suitable for tests representative of a fire. Refractory blocks made it possible to partition the lateral parts of the draft chamber while leaving the lid free. The whole was instrumented, in particular using thermocouples.
Deux cycles de température caractéristiques d'un essai représentatif d'un incendie ont été effectués pour chacune des configurations. Le premier cycle de température suit l'évolution normalisée selon la courbe temps- température référencée ISO 834, le deuxième suit l'évolution d'une courbe temps - température connue de l'homme du métier dite courbe HCM (pour hydrocarbure majoré).Two typical temperature cycles of a representative fire test were performed for each configuration. The first temperature cycle follows the normalized evolution according to the time-temperature curve referenced ISO 834, the second follows the evolution of a time-temperature curve known to those skilled in the art known as the HCM (for higher hydrocarbon) curve.
Il a été constaté que le matelas, permet d'obtenir un fonctionnement non dégradé des câbles de puissance, de signal et des fibres optiques disposées dans la chambre de tirage pendant au moins 4 heures pour les essais selon la courbe ISO 834 et pendant au moins 2 heures pour les essais selon la courbe HCM.It has been found that the mattress, allows to obtain a non-degraded operation of power cables, signal and optical fibers arranged in the draw chamber for at least 4 hours for the tests according to the ISO 834 curve and for at least 2 hours for the tests according to the HCM curve.
De telles résistances au feu sont remarquables et permettent d'envisager une protection compatible avec les exigences les plus récentes pour des utilisations dans des tunnels, notamment des tunnels routiers.Such fire resistance is remarkable and allows to consider a protection compatible with the most recent requirements for use in tunnels, including road tunnels.
L'invention ne se limite pas à ces types de réalisation et doit être interprétée de façon non limitative, en englobant tout mode de réalisation équivalent.The invention is not limited to these embodiments and should be interpreted in a non-limiting manner, encompassing any equivalent embodiment.
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0760044A FR2925343B1 (en) | 2007-12-19 | 2007-12-19 | MATTRESS FOR FIRE PROTECTION, ASSOCIATED METHOD. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2072087A1 true EP2072087A1 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
EP2072087B1 EP2072087B1 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
Family
ID=39717641
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20080172092 Active EP2072087B1 (en) | 2007-12-19 | 2008-12-18 | Mattress for fire protection, associated method |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8007888B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2072087B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE470483T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602008001488D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2925343B1 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1132695A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2973252A1 (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-05 | Soletanche Freyssinet | FIRE PROTECTON COATING AND METHOD OF APPLICATION |
FR3044930A1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-16 | Mineur Becourt Systemes | FIRE PROTECTION DEVICE FOR CABLES FOR PULLING CHAMBERS, PARTICULARLY IN TUNNELS |
EP4006402A1 (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-06-01 | Soletanche Freyssinet | Fire protection layer |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9283711B1 (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2016-03-15 | The Boeing Company | Hybrid ablative thermal protection systems and associated methods |
US9925401B2 (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2018-03-27 | Pittsburgh Corning Corporation | Cellular glass system for suppression of vaporization, fire and thermal radiation from liquid hydrocarbons |
US10213634B1 (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2019-02-26 | Donald J. Maldonado | Fire barrier blanket |
US10125439B2 (en) | 2017-02-02 | 2018-11-13 | Douglas J. Bailey | Flexible translucent to transparent fireproof composite material |
CN111276915B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-01-29 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Tunnel construction is with monitoring components and parts cable protection device |
CN111551285A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-18 | 郑州师范学院 | Cable tunnel temperature monitoring alarm system |
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GB2039829A (en) * | 1979-01-10 | 1980-08-20 | Isolite Babcock Refractories | An Insulating Block |
US5284700A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1994-02-08 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Fire-resistant mineral fibers, structures employing such mineral fibers and processes for forming same |
GB2424260A (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-20 | Firespray Internat Ltd | Fire insulation material |
US20060213138A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Royal Group Technologies Limited | Fire barrier component |
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FR2732897B1 (en) | 1995-04-11 | 1997-07-04 | Mecanique Applic Tissus Mecatiss | FLEXIBLE DEVICE HAVING FIRE-RESISTANT PROPERTIES |
-
2007
- 2007-12-19 FR FR0760044A patent/FR2925343B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-12-18 DE DE200860001488 patent/DE602008001488D1/en active Active
- 2008-12-18 EP EP20080172092 patent/EP2072087B1/en active Active
- 2008-12-18 AT AT08172092T patent/ATE470483T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-12-19 US US12/340,078 patent/US8007888B2/en active Active
-
2009
- 2009-12-14 HK HK09111740A patent/HK1132695A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2039829A (en) * | 1979-01-10 | 1980-08-20 | Isolite Babcock Refractories | An Insulating Block |
US5284700A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1994-02-08 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Fire-resistant mineral fibers, structures employing such mineral fibers and processes for forming same |
GB2424260A (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-20 | Firespray Internat Ltd | Fire insulation material |
US20060213138A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Royal Group Technologies Limited | Fire barrier component |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2973252A1 (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-05 | Soletanche Freyssinet | FIRE PROTECTON COATING AND METHOD OF APPLICATION |
CN103635235A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2014-03-12 | 索列丹斯-弗莱西奈公司 | Protective fire-resistant coating and application method |
CN103635235B (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2018-10-26 | 索列丹斯-弗莱西奈公司 | Refractory protection coating and painting method |
FR3044930A1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-16 | Mineur Becourt Systemes | FIRE PROTECTION DEVICE FOR CABLES FOR PULLING CHAMBERS, PARTICULARLY IN TUNNELS |
EP4006402A1 (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-06-01 | Soletanche Freyssinet | Fire protection layer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2072087B1 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
DE602008001488D1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
FR2925343A1 (en) | 2009-06-26 |
FR2925343B1 (en) | 2010-01-15 |
US20090280287A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
HK1132695A1 (en) | 2010-03-05 |
US8007888B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 |
ATE470483T1 (en) | 2010-06-15 |
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