EP2066466B2 - Method for producing a steel strip - Google Patents

Method for producing a steel strip Download PDF

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EP2066466B2
EP2066466B2 EP07801685.4A EP07801685A EP2066466B2 EP 2066466 B2 EP2066466 B2 EP 2066466B2 EP 07801685 A EP07801685 A EP 07801685A EP 2066466 B2 EP2066466 B2 EP 2066466B2
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Prior art keywords
steel
strip
metallic inclusions
steel strip
mns
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2066466A1 (en
EP2066466B1 (en
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Christian Bernhard
Gerald Eckerstorfer
Gerald Hohenbichler
Bernd Linzer
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SIEMENS VAI METALS Technologies GmbH
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Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Austria
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Priority to PL07801685T priority Critical patent/PL2066466T3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels

Definitions

  • the melting temperature of the non-metallic inclusions of Mn / Si partially annealed steel melts is very sensitive to changes in the steel composition and associated changes in the MnO / SiO 2 ratio of its own composition.
  • each treated ladle has a composition which comprises the Ensures the presence of liquid non-metallic inclusions during the casting process. This can lead to cracks and surface defects.
  • the tolerance of non-metallic inclusion melting temperature to deviations from a setpoint of the steel composition should be sufficient to ensure the presence of liquid non-metallic inclusions in the casting process in each melted melt in the industrial smelting operation.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a method in which a molten steel with a Mn and Si content in a certain ratio and with a certain sulfur content in normal operation using a certain band forming force (roll separating force, RSF) is processed.
  • a molten steel with a Mn and Si content in a certain ratio and with a certain sulfur content in normal operation using a certain band forming force (roll separating force, RSF) is processed.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method for producing a strip-cast low carbon, Mn / Si partially annealed steel strip, wherein a molten steel is fed from a melt reservoir between at least two, with a steel belt moving and cooled casting rolls and solidifies at the casting rolls at least partially to the steel strip, characterized in that the molten steel has a ratio Mn / Si ⁇ 3.5 and in normal operation, the band forming force between 2 and 50 kN / m, wherein the molten steel has a sulfur content between 70 and 200 ppm.
  • a steel strip made in this way is largely free of cracks and surface defects and has a homogeneous surface.
  • low-carbon steel strip a steel strip in which the carbon content is less than 0.1% by weight.
  • the inventive composition of the molten steel ensures a low melting temperature of the non-metallic inclusions.
  • the low melting temperature causes the non-metallic inclusions in the casting process during the solidification of the steel shell on the casting rolls in the liquid state.
  • the tolerance of the melting temperature of non-metallic inclusions to deviations from a target value of the steel composition increases. This broadened composition range ensures that the molten steel has a composition that guarantees liquid non-metallic inclusions in the casting process, even if the setpoint for a particular steel composition is not exactly met in industrial smelting operations.
  • nonmetallic inclusions of an oxidic or sulfidic nature are formed in a molten steel.
  • the main components of non-metallic inclusions in Mn / Si partially annealed steel melts are MnO and SiO 2 .
  • the adjustment according to the invention of the sulfur content to values between 70 and 200 ppm and the Mn / Si ratio to values ⁇ 3.5 ensures that the non-metallic inclusions mainly consist of a multiphase system with the main components MnO-SiO 2 -MnS. If the proportion of MnS in this multi-phase system is less than 37% by weight MnS, the melting temperature of the multiphase system is lower than the melting temperature of a multiphase system composed of the main components MnO and SiO 2 .
  • the 3-phase system MnO-SiO 2 -MnS has a ternary eutectic at approx. 1130 ° C.
  • the modeling of the 3-phase system MnO-SiO 2 -MnS in FIG. 1 shows that the liquidus region touches the binary boundary system MnO-SiO 2 at its eutectic temperature of 1251 ° C in the eutectic point and widens with increasing MnS content in the transition to a 3-phase system. At lower temperatures, the liquidus area has lifted off the edge system and exists only at minimum levels of MnS.
  • FIG. 2 shows the influence of the sulfur content of a low-carbon, Mn / sitillated molten steel (0.05 wt% C, 0.7 wt% Mn, 0.2 wt% Si) with a Mn / Si ratio of ⁇ 3.5 on the crack tendency, expressed in terms of the crack frequency or the width of the melt interval of the molten steel, on the composition of non-metallic inclusions, and on the melting temperatures (liquidus temperatures) of the non-metallic inclusions.
  • the measured data in FIG. 2 were won from the diving experiments mentioned above.
  • FIG. 2 shows the opposite behavior of increasing hot cracking tendency and decreasing melting temperature of non-metallic inclusions.
  • inventively recommended sulfur content in which sufficiently low melting temperatures of the non-metallic inclusions and at the same time tolerable hot cracking tendency can be achieved, can be derived.
  • the presence of sulfur in a steel alloy results in the expansion of the 2-phase solid / liquid zone, ie the melt interval, of the steel alloy while reducing its solidus temperature, thereby expanding the temperature range of the hot cracking formation between Liquid Impenetration Temperature LIT and zero ductility temperature ZDT.
  • the width of the 2-phase region increases approximately linearly up to about 45 ° C. From this sulfur content, the width of the 2-phase region remains approximately constant as a result of MnS precipitation in the course of solidification with increasing sulfur content. These MnS precipitates deposit in solid form on the casting roll surfaces and thereby hinder a homogeneous heat flow or a homogeneous cooling effect, which favors the formation of surface defects and cracks. Rising sulfur content of the molten steel leads to increasing amounts of MnS precipitates and thus to the increase of surface defects and cracks. Therefore, the maximum sulfur content according to the invention is limited to 200 ppm.
  • the lowering of the melting temperature of the liquid non-metallic inclusions relative to multiphase systems of the major components MnO and SiO 2 is not large enough to ensure the presence of liquid non-metallic inclusions in the casting process during the solidification of the steel shell on the casting rolls.
  • the width of the compositional range in which liquid nonmetallic inclusions are present in the multiphase system is not large enough to ensure sufficient tolerance to deviations from a setpoint of the steel composition in industrial smelting operation.
  • the sulfur content is at least 70 ppm.
  • the upper limit of the sulfur content is 200 ppm.
  • the sulfur content of the molten steel can be brought to the desired level by desulphurisation or controlled addition of sulfur or sulfur compounds.
  • the Mn / Si ratio according to the invention must be greater than or equal to 3.5.
  • a low band forming force avoids such problems and additionally offers the advantage that the mechanical stress of the casting apparatus is lower.
  • the choice of a low band forming force can adversely affect the stability of the casting process, because with a low band forming force there is a risk that the metal shells solidified on the casting rolls will be insufficiently compressed due to inhomogeneities in the solidification and the steel strip tears under its own weight that the Steel shells stick to the casting roll partially or over the entire width and that the steel shell tears.
  • the size of the roller separation force during normal operation is between 5 and 250 kN / m.
  • the strip forming force is less than 50 kN / m. Since the inventive composition of the molten steel due to ensuring the occurrence of liquid non-metallic inclusions minimizes the formation of inhomogeneities during the solidification of the steel shells, such a low strip forming force can be used without risk to the stability of the casting process.
  • the crack frequency increases with increasing band forming force.
  • strip forming forces above 50 kN / m, the production of a homogeneous, free of cracks and surface defects free surface of the steel strip can not be ensured.
  • the lower limit for the strip forming force is 2 kN / m. Below this value, sufficient stability of the casting process is not guaranteed.
  • the band forming force is at least 5 kN / m. Its upper limit is preferably 30 kN / m.
  • the given values for the strip forming force refer to the steady-state normal operation of a casting plant, but not to the conditions when starting up the plant or for temporary extraordinary load effects.
  • the non-metallic inclusions of the molten steel have a mass fraction of Al 2 O 3 which is less than 45% by weight.
  • the forming multiphase system with the main components MnO-SiO 2 -MnS-Al 2 O 3 has a melting temperature which is lower than the melting temperature of a multiphase system of the main components MnO and SiO 2 .
  • the composition range in which liquid non-metallic inclusions are present is wider in the multiphase system with the main components MnO-SiO 2 -MnS-Al 2 O 3 than in the multiphase system consisting of the main components MnO and SiO 2 .
  • the Al 2 O 3 content is adjusted by the choice of the starting materials for the preparation of the molten steel or optionally by the specific addition of Al or Al compounds.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines StahlbandesProcess for producing a steel strip

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung eines Stahlbandes mit mindestens zwei Gießrollen und gegebenenfalls seitlich angeordneten Seitenplatten, wobei im Betrieb zwischen den Gießwalzen und den Seitenplatten ein Gießreservoir ausbildbar ist, aus welchem flüssige Stahlschmelze an die Gießrollen aufgebbar ist.The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of a steel strip with at least two casting rolls and optionally laterally arranged side plates, wherein in operation between the casting rolls and the side plates, a pouring reservoir can be formed, from which molten steel melt can be applied to the casting rolls.

Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the invention

Bei der Herstellung eines Stahlbandes aus einer niedriggekohlten, Mn/Siteilberuhigten Stahlschmelze weist das erzeugte Stahlband bei Anwendung des aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Zweiwalzen-Gießverfahrens vielfach Risse und Oberflächendefekte auf, wodurch die Qualität des erzeugten Stahlbandes deutlich gemindert wird.In the production of a steel strip from a low carbon, Mn / site-cooled molten steel, the produced steel strip often has cracks and surface defects using the two-roll casting method known from the prior art, whereby the quality of the produced steel strip is significantly reduced.

Aus WO03024644 und US2005145304 ist bekannt, Risse und Oberflächendefekte dadurch zu vermeiden oder zumindest zu vermindern, dass die Zusammensetzung einer Stahlschmelze so gewählt wird, dass in der Stahlschmelze flüssige nichtmetallische Einschlüsse entstehen, welche bei der Erstarrung der Stahlschale flüssig bleiben und durch die Bildung eines flüssigen Films auf der Oberfläche der Gießrollen einen homogenen Wärmefluss und damit eine homogene Kühlwirkung ermöglichen.
Im industriellen Schmelzbetrieb sind die in einer Mn/Si-teilberuhigten Stahlschmelze tatsächlich vorliegenden MnO/SiO2-Verhältnisse aus operativen Gründen oft wesentlich geringer als theoretisch errechnet. Die Schmelztemperatur der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse Mn/Si-teilberuhigter Stahlschmelzen reagiert sehr empfindlich auf Änderungen der Stahlzusammensetzung und damit verbundenen Änderungen des MnO/SiO2-Verhältnisses ihrer eigenen Zusammensetzung. Bei Beachtung der im Stand der Technik angegebenen metallurgischen Regeln zur Herstellung der flüssigen nichtmetallische Einschlüsse kann daher im industriellen Schmelzbetrieb nicht davon ausgegangen werden, dass jede behandelte Pfanne eine Zusammensetzung aufweist, welche das Vorhandensein flüssiger nichtmetallischer Einschlüsse beim Gießprozess sicherstellt. Somit können wieder Risse und Oberflächendefekte entstehen.Out WO03024644 and US2005145304 It is known to prevent or at least reduce cracks and surface defects by making the composition of a molten steel so that liquid nonmetallic inclusions are formed in the molten steel which remain liquid during solidification of the steel shell and by formation of a liquid film on the surface allow the casting rolls a homogeneous heat flow and thus a homogeneous cooling effect.
In industrial smelting operation, the MnO / SiO 2 ratios actually present in a Mn / Si partially stabilized molten steel are often much lower than theoretically calculated for operational reasons. The melting temperature of the non-metallic inclusions of Mn / Si partially annealed steel melts is very sensitive to changes in the steel composition and associated changes in the MnO / SiO 2 ratio of its own composition. In view of the metallurgical rules for producing the liquid nonmetallic inclusions specified in the prior art, it can therefore not be assumed in the industrial melting operation that each treated ladle has a composition which comprises the Ensures the presence of liquid non-metallic inclusions during the casting process. This can lead to cracks and surface defects.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, diese bekannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu vermeiden, und ein Verfahren für die Herstellung eines von Rissen und Oberflächendefekten weitgehend freien Stahlbandes mit homogener Oberfläche aus einer niedriggekohlten, Mn/Si-teilberuhigten Stahlschmelze bereitzustellen. Bei diesem Verfahren soll die Toleranz der Schmelztemperatur nichtmetallischer Einschlüsse gegenüber Abweichungen von einem Sollwert der Stahlzusammensetzung ausreichen, um im industriellen Schmelzbetrieb in jeder behandelten Pfanne das Vorhandensein flüssiger nichtmetallischer Einschlüsse beim Gießprozess sicherzustellen.It is the object of the present invention to avoid these known disadvantages of the prior art, and to provide a method for the production of a homogeneous surface of a low carbon, Mn / Si partially annealed molten steel substantially free of cracks and surface defects. In this process, the tolerance of non-metallic inclusion melting temperature to deviations from a setpoint of the steel composition should be sufficient to ensure the presence of liquid non-metallic inclusions in the casting process in each melted melt in the industrial smelting operation.

Detaillierte Beschreibung der ErfindungDetailed description of the invention

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren gelöst, bei dem eine Stahlschmelze mit einem Mn- und Si-Gehalt in einem bestimmten Verhältnis und mit einem bestimmten Schwefelgehalt im Normalbetrieb unter Anwendung einer bestimmten Bandformkraft (roll separating force, RSF) verarbeitet wird.The object of the invention is achieved by a method in which a molten steel with a Mn and Si content in a certain ratio and with a certain sulfur content in normal operation using a certain band forming force (roll separating force, RSF) is processed.

Die Erfindung betrifft daher ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines bandgegossenen niedriggekohlten, Mn/Si-teilberuhigten Stahlbandes, wobei eine Stahlschmelze aus einem Schmelzreservoir zwischen zumindest zwei, sich mit einem Stahlband bewegende und gekühlte Gießrollen aufgegeben wird und an den Gießrollen zumindest teilweise zu dem Stahlband erstarrt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stahlschmelze ein Verhältnis Mn/Si ≥ 3,5 aufweist und im Normalbetrieb die Bandformkraft zwischen 2 und 50 kN/m beträgt, wobei die Stahlschmelze einen Schwefelgehalt zwischen 70 und 200 ppm aufweist.The invention therefore relates to a method for producing a strip-cast low carbon, Mn / Si partially annealed steel strip, wherein a molten steel is fed from a melt reservoir between at least two, with a steel belt moving and cooled casting rolls and solidifies at the casting rolls at least partially to the steel strip, characterized in that the molten steel has a ratio Mn / Si ≥ 3.5 and in normal operation, the band forming force between 2 and 50 kN / m, wherein the molten steel has a sulfur content between 70 and 200 ppm.

Unerwarteterweise ist ein derart hergestelltes Stahlband weitgehend frei von Rissen und Oberflächendefekten und besitzt eine homogene Oberfläche.Unexpectedly, a steel strip made in this way is largely free of cracks and surface defects and has a homogeneous surface.

Unter einem niedriggekohlten Stahlband ist ein Stahlband zu verstehen, in dem der Kohlenstoffgehalt geringer als 0,1 Gew% ist.By low-carbon steel strip is meant a steel strip in which the carbon content is less than 0.1% by weight.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Zusammensetzung der Stahlschmelze wird eine geringe Schmelztemperatur der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse sichergestellt. Die geringe Schmelztemperatur führt dazu, dass die nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse beim Gießprozess während der Erstarrung der Stahlschale auf den Gießrollen in flüssigem Zustand vorliegen. Durch die Verbreiterung des Zusammensetzungsbereiches, in welchem flüssige nichtmetallische Einschlüsse im Mehrphasensystem vorliegen, erhöht sich die Toleranz der Schmelztemperatur nichtmetallischer Einschlüsse gegenüber Abweichungen von einem Sollwert der Stahlzusammensetzung. Dieser verbreiterte Zusammensetzungsbereich stellt sicher, dass die Stahlschmelze auch dann eine Zusammensetzung aufweist, die beim Gießprozess flüssige nichtmetallische Einschlüsse garantiert, wenn im industriellen Schmelzbetrieb der Sollwert für eine bestimmte Stahlzusammensetzung nicht exakt erfüllt wird.The inventive composition of the molten steel ensures a low melting temperature of the non-metallic inclusions. The low melting temperature causes the non-metallic inclusions in the casting process during the solidification of the steel shell on the casting rolls in the liquid state. By broadening the compositional range in which liquid non-metallic inclusions are present in the multiphase system, the tolerance of the melting temperature of non-metallic inclusions to deviations from a target value of the steel composition increases. This broadened composition range ensures that the molten steel has a composition that guarantees liquid non-metallic inclusions in the casting process, even if the setpoint for a particular steel composition is not exactly met in industrial smelting operations.

Im Verlauf der Stahlpräparation entstehen in einer Stahlschmelze nichtmetallische Einschlüsse oxidischer oder sulfidischer Art. Die Hauptkomponenten der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse bei Mn/Si-teilberuhigten Stahlschmelzen sind MnO und SiO2.In the course of steel preparation, nonmetallic inclusions of an oxidic or sulfidic nature are formed in a molten steel. The main components of non-metallic inclusions in Mn / Si partially annealed steel melts are MnO and SiO 2 .

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Einstellung des Schwefelgehaltes auf Werte zwischen 70 und 200 ppm und des Mn/Si-Verhältnisses auf Werte ≥ 3,5 wird erreicht, dass die nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse hauptsächlich aus einem Mehrphasensystem mit den Hauptkomponenten MnO-SiO2-MnS bestehen. Wenn der Anteil des MnS in diesem Mehrphasensystem weniger als 37 Gew% MnS beträgt, liegt die Schmelztemperatur des Mehrphasensystems tiefer als die Schmelztemperatur eines Mehrphasensystems aus den Hauptkomponenten MnO und SiO2. Das 3-Phasensystems MnO-SiO2-MnS weist ein ternäres Eutektikum bei ca. 1130°C auf.The adjustment according to the invention of the sulfur content to values between 70 and 200 ppm and the Mn / Si ratio to values ≥ 3.5 ensures that the non-metallic inclusions mainly consist of a multiphase system with the main components MnO-SiO 2 -MnS. If the proportion of MnS in this multi-phase system is less than 37% by weight MnS, the melting temperature of the multiphase system is lower than the melting temperature of a multiphase system composed of the main components MnO and SiO 2 . The 3-phase system MnO-SiO 2 -MnS has a ternary eutectic at approx. 1130 ° C.

Die Modellierung des 3-Phasensystems MnO-SiO2-MnS in Figur 1 zeigt, dass der Liquidusbereich das binäre Randsystem MnO-SiO2 bei dessen eutektischer Temperatur von 1251°C im eutektischen Punkt berührt und sich beim Übergang zu einem 3-Phasensystem mit zunehmendem MnS-Gehalt erweitert. Bei tieferen Temperaturen hat sich der Liquidusbereich vom Randsystem abgehoben und existiert nur mehr ab gewissen Mindestgehalten an MnS.The modeling of the 3-phase system MnO-SiO 2 -MnS in FIG. 1 shows that the liquidus region touches the binary boundary system MnO-SiO 2 at its eutectic temperature of 1251 ° C in the eutectic point and widens with increasing MnS content in the transition to a 3-phase system. At lower temperatures, the liquidus area has lifted off the edge system and exists only at minimum levels of MnS.

Typische Betriebspunkte mit gleichzeitig niedriger Schmelztemperatur der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse und im industriellen Schmelzbetrieb ausreichender Toleranz der Schmelztemperatur gegenüber Schwankungen im MnS-Gehalt liegen bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung der Stahlschmelze bei etwa 15 Gew% MnS.Typical operating points with a simultaneously low melting temperature of the non-metallic inclusions and, in the industrial melting operation, sufficient tolerance of the melting temperature to fluctuations in the MnS content in the inventive composition of the molten steel amount to about 15% by weight MnS.

Die Simulation der Erstarrungsverhältnisse in einer Dünnbandgussanlage mit Hilfe von Tauchversuchen bei dem Bandgießen entsprechenden Einstellungen von Inertgas, Kontaktzeit und Überhitzung, mit Schwefelgehalten der Stahlschmelze zwischen 150 und 500 ppm ergab durchschnittliche MnS-Gehalte in den flüssigen nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse zwischen 7 und 40 Gew%. Höhere Schwefelgehalte von Mn/Si-teilberuhigten Stahlschmelzen führen zu höheren MnS-Gehalten der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse.Simulation of solidification ratios in a strip caster using inert gas, contact time, and superheat immersion tests with molten metal contents of between 150 and 500 ppm resulted in average MnS contents in the liquid nonmetallic inclusions of between 7 and 40% by weight. Higher sulfur contents of Mn / Si partially killed steel melts lead to higher MnS contents of the non-metallic inclusions.

Figur 2 zeigt den Einfluss des Schwefelgehaltes einer niedriggekohlten, Mn/Siteilberuhigten Stahlschmelze (0,05 Gew% C; 0,7 Gew% Mn; 0,2 Gew% Si) mit einem Mn/Si-Verhältnis von ≥ 3,5 auf die Rissneigung, ausgedrückt durch die Risshäufigkeit bzw. durch die Breite des Schmelzintervalls der Stahlschmelze, auf die Zusammensetzung nichtmetallischer Einschlüsse, und auf die Schmelztemperaturen (Liquidustemperaturen) der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse. Die Messdaten in Figur 2 wurden aus den oben erwähnten Tauchversuchen gewonnen. FIG. 2 shows the influence of the sulfur content of a low-carbon, Mn / sitillated molten steel (0.05 wt% C, 0.7 wt% Mn, 0.2 wt% Si) with a Mn / Si ratio of ≥ 3.5 on the crack tendency, expressed in terms of the crack frequency or the width of the melt interval of the molten steel, on the composition of non-metallic inclusions, and on the melting temperatures (liquidus temperatures) of the non-metallic inclusions. The measured data in FIG. 2 were won from the diving experiments mentioned above.

Unterhalb eines Schwefelgehaltes der Schmelze, der zu einem dem ternären Eutektikum bei ca. 1130°C entsprechenden MnS-Gehalt der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse führt, sinkt die Schmelztemperatur der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse mit steigendem Schwefelgehalt.
Oberhalb eines Schwefelgehaltes der Schmelze, der zu einem dem ternären Eutektikum bei ca. 1130°C entsprechenden MnS-Gehalt der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse führt, steigen die Schmelztemperaturen der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse sowie die Risshäufigkeit steil an.
Die Breite des Schmelzintervalls nimmt bis zu einem Schwefelgehalt von ca. 300 ppm zu und bleibt dann in etwa konstant.Below a sulfur content of the melt, which corresponds to the ternary eutectic at about 1130 ° C corresponding MnS content of non-metallic Inclusions leads, the melting temperature of non-metallic inclusions decreases with increasing sulfur content.
Above a melt sulfur content which results in a MnS content of the non-metallic inclusions corresponding to the ternary eutectic at about 1130 ° C., the melting temperatures of the non-metallic inclusions and the crack frequency increase steeply.
The width of the melting interval increases up to a sulfur content of about 300 ppm and then remains approximately constant.

In Figur 2 ist das gegenläufige Verhalten von steigender Heißrissneigung und sinkender Schmelztemperatur der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse dargestellt. Aus Figur 2 kann somit der erfindungsgemäß empfohlene Schwefelgehalt, bei dem genügend niedrige Schmelztemperaturen der nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse und gleichzeitig duldbare Heißrissneigung erreicht werden, abgeleitet werden.
Das Vorhandensein von Schwefel in einer Stahllegierung führt zur Erweiterung des 2-Phasengebietes fest/flüssig, i.e. des Schmelzintervalls, der Stahllegierung bei gleichzeitiger Senkung ihrer Solidustemperatur, wodurch der Temperaturbereich der Heißrissentstehung zwischen Liquid Impenetration Temperature LIT und zero ductility temperature ZDT erweitert wird.In FIG. 2 shows the opposite behavior of increasing hot cracking tendency and decreasing melting temperature of non-metallic inclusions. Out FIG. 2 Thus, the inventively recommended sulfur content, in which sufficiently low melting temperatures of the non-metallic inclusions and at the same time tolerable hot cracking tendency can be achieved, can be derived.
The presence of sulfur in a steel alloy results in the expansion of the 2-phase solid / liquid zone, ie the melt interval, of the steel alloy while reducing its solidus temperature, thereby expanding the temperature range of the hot cracking formation between Liquid Impenetration Temperature LIT and zero ductility temperature ZDT.

Bis zu einem Schwefelgehalt von 300 ppm in der Stahlschmelze nimmt die Breite des 2-Phasengebietes in etwa linear bis auf ca. 45°C zu. Ab diesem Schwefelgehalt bleibt die Breite des 2-Phasenbereiches durch MnS-Ausscheidung im Zuge der Erstarrung bei zunehmendem Schwefelgehalt in etwa konstant. Diese MnS-Ausscheidungen lagern sich in fester Form an den Gießwalzenoberflächen ab und behindern dadurch einen homogenen Wärmefluss bzw. eine homogene Kühlwirkung, wodurch die Bildung von Oberflächendefekten und Rissen begünstigt wird. Steigender Schwefelgehalt der Stahlschmelze führt zu steigenden Mengen von MnS-Ausscheidungen und damit zur Zunahme von Oberflächendefekten und Rissen.
Daher ist der maximale Schwefelgehalt erfindungsgemäß auf 200 ppm begrenzt.Up to a sulfur content of 300 ppm in the molten steel, the width of the 2-phase region increases approximately linearly up to about 45 ° C. From this sulfur content, the width of the 2-phase region remains approximately constant as a result of MnS precipitation in the course of solidification with increasing sulfur content. These MnS precipitates deposit in solid form on the casting roll surfaces and thereby hinder a homogeneous heat flow or a homogeneous cooling effect, which favors the formation of surface defects and cracks. Rising sulfur content of the molten steel leads to increasing amounts of MnS precipitates and thus to the increase of surface defects and cracks.
Therefore, the maximum sulfur content according to the invention is limited to 200 ppm.

Bei einem Schwefelgehalt der Stahlschmelze unter 20 ppm ist die Absenkung der Schmelztemperatur der flüssigen nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse gegenüber Mehrphasensystemen aus den Hauptkomponenten MnO und SiO2 nicht groß genug, um das Vorhandensein flüssiger nichtmetallische Einschlüsse beim Gießprozess während der Erstarrung der Stahlschale auf den Gießrollen sicherzustellen.
Außerdem ist bei einem Schwefelgehalt unter 20 ppm die Breite des Zusammensetzungsbereiches, in welchem flüssige nichtmetallische Einschlüsse im Mehrphasensystem vorliegen, nicht groß genug, um im industriellen Schmelzbetrieb eine ausreichende Toleranz gegenüber Abweichungen von einem Sollwert der Stahlzusammensetzung sicherzustellen.At a sulfur content of molten steel below 20 ppm, the lowering of the melting temperature of the liquid non-metallic inclusions relative to multiphase systems of the major components MnO and SiO 2 is not large enough to ensure the presence of liquid non-metallic inclusions in the casting process during the solidification of the steel shell on the casting rolls.
In addition, when the sulfur content is below 20 ppm, the width of the compositional range in which liquid nonmetallic inclusions are present in the multiphase system is not large enough to ensure sufficient tolerance to deviations from a setpoint of the steel composition in industrial smelting operation.

Erfindungsgemäß beträgt der Schwefelgehalt mindestens 70 ppm. Die Obergrenze des Schwefelgehaltes beträgt 200 ppm.
Der Schwefelgehalt der Stahlschmelze kann durch Entschwefelung oder durch kontrollierte Zugabe von Schwefel bzw. von Schwefelverbindungen auf das gewünschte Niveau gebracht werden.According to the invention, the sulfur content is at least 70 ppm. The upper limit of the sulfur content is 200 ppm.
The sulfur content of the molten steel can be brought to the desired level by desulphurisation or controlled addition of sulfur or sulfur compounds.

Bei einem Mn/Si-Verhältnis von weniger als 3,5 in der Stahlschmelze bildet sich kein Mehrphasensystem aus den Hauptkomponenten MnO-SiO2-MnS mit einer, gegenüber einem Mehrphasensystem aus den Hauptkomponenten MnO und SiO2, ausreichend großen Erniedrigung der Schmelztemperatur der flüssigen nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse auf Werte unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur der Stahlmischung. Daher muss das Mn/Si-Verhältnis erfindungsgemäß größer oder gleich 3,5 sein.With a Mn / Si ratio of less than 3.5 in the molten steel, no multiphase system of the main components MnO-SiO 2 -MnS forms with a sufficiently large lowering of the melting temperature of the liquid compared to a multiphase system of the main components MnO and SiO 2 non-metallic inclusions to values below the melting temperature of the steel mixture. Therefore, the Mn / Si ratio according to the invention must be greater than or equal to 3.5.

Die Bandformkraft ist die Kraft, mit der die Gießrollen beim Gießprozess aneinander gepresst werden, normiert auf die Breite des Stahlbandes. Die Bandformkraft hat Einfluss auf das Vorhandensein von Rissen und Oberflächendefekten eines bandgegossenen Stahlbandes.The strip forming force is the force with which the casting rolls are pressed against one another during the casting process, normalized to the width of the steel strip. The band forming force has an influence on the presence of cracks and surface defects of a band-cast steel strip.

Je höher die Bandformkraft ist, desto mehr Temperaturinhomogenitäten treten im "kissing point" der Stahlschalen auf. Derartige Temperaturinhomogenitäten führen zu ungleichmäßiger Abkühlung des Stahlbandes, woraus Oberflächenrisse resultieren können. Zusätzlich bauen sich durch hohe Bandformkräfte Spannungen im bandgegossenen Stahlband auf, welche ebenso zu Rissen und verschlechterten mechanischen Eigenschaften führen können.The higher the band forming force, the more temperature inhomogeneities occur "kissing point" of the steel shells on. Such temperature inhomogeneities lead to uneven cooling of the steel strip, which can result in surface cracks. In addition, high band forming forces build up stresses in the strip-cast steel strip, which can also lead to cracks and deteriorated mechanical properties.

Die Anwendung einer niedrigen Bandformkraft vermeidet solche Probleme und bietet zusätzlich den Vorteil, dass die mechanische Beanspruchung der Gießapparatur geringer ist. Allerdings kann die Wahl einer niedrigen Bandformkraft die Stabilität des Gießprozesses negativ beeinflussen, denn bei einer niedrigen Bandformkraft besteht die Gefahr, dass die auf den Gießrollen erstarrten Metallschalen aufgrund von Inhomogenitäten bei der Erstarrung ungenügend miteinander verpresst werden und das Stahlband unter seinem Eigengewicht reißt, dass die Stahlschalen partiell oder über die gesamte Breite hinweg an der Gießrolle kleben bleiben und dass es zu Einrissen der Stahlschale kommt.
Bei Verfahren nach dem Stand der Technik beträgt die Größe der Rollentrennkraft im Normalbetrieb zwischen 5 und 250 kN/m.The use of a low band forming force avoids such problems and additionally offers the advantage that the mechanical stress of the casting apparatus is lower. However, the choice of a low band forming force can adversely affect the stability of the casting process, because with a low band forming force there is a risk that the metal shells solidified on the casting rolls will be insufficiently compressed due to inhomogeneities in the solidification and the steel strip tears under its own weight that the Steel shells stick to the casting roll partially or over the entire width and that the steel shell tears.
In prior art methods, the size of the roller separation force during normal operation is between 5 and 250 kN / m.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Bandformkraft kleiner als 50 kN/m. Da die erfindungsgemäße Zusammensetzung der Stahlschmelze aufgrund der Sicherstellung des Auftretens flüssiger nichtmetallischer Einschlüsse die Entstehung von Inhomogenitäten während der Erstarrung der Stahlschalen minimiert, ist eine derart geringe Bandformkraft ohne Gefahr für die Stabilität des Gießprozesses einsetzbar.According to the invention, the strip forming force is less than 50 kN / m. Since the inventive composition of the molten steel due to ensuring the occurrence of liquid non-metallic inclusions minimizes the formation of inhomogeneities during the solidification of the steel shells, such a low strip forming force can be used without risk to the stability of the casting process.

Die Risshäufigkeit steigt mit zunehmender Bandformkraft. Bei Anwendung von Bandformkräften über 50 kN/m kann die Herstellung einer homogenen, von Rissen und Oberflächendefekten weitgehen freien Oberfläche des Stahlbandes nicht sichergestellt werden.The crack frequency increases with increasing band forming force. When using strip forming forces above 50 kN / m, the production of a homogeneous, free of cracks and surface defects free surface of the steel strip can not be ensured.

Erfindungsgemäß liegt die Untergrenze für die Bandformkraft bei 2 kN/m. Unterhalb dieses Wertes ist keine ausreichende Stabilität des Gießprozesses gewährleistet.
Bevorzugterweise beträgt die Bandformkraft mindestens 5 kN/m. Ihre Obergrenze liegt bevorzugterweise bei 30 kN/m.
Die angegebenen Werte für die Bandformkraft beziehen sich auf den stationären Normalbetrieb einer Gießanlage, nicht jedoch auf die Bedingungen beim Anfahren der Anlage oder bei temporären außergewöhnlichen Lasteffekten.According to the invention, the lower limit for the strip forming force is 2 kN / m. Below this value, sufficient stability of the casting process is not guaranteed.
Preferably, the band forming force is at least 5 kN / m. Its upper limit is preferably 30 kN / m.
The given values for the strip forming force refer to the steady-state normal operation of a casting plant, but not to the conditions when starting up the plant or for temporary extraordinary load effects.

Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weisen die nichtmetallischen Einschlüsse der Stahlschmelze einen Massenanteil von Al2O3 auf, der unter 45 Gew% liegt. Das sich bildende Mehrphasensystem mit den Hauptkomponenten MnO-SiO2-MnS-Al2O3 besitzt eine Schmelztemperatur, welche tiefer liegt als die Schmelztemperatur eines Mehrphasensystems aus den Hauptkomponenten MnO und SiO2. Außerdem ist der Zusammensetzungsbereiches, in welchem flüssige nichtmetallische Einschlüsse vorliegen, im Mehrphasensystem mit den Hauptkomponenten MnO-SiO2-MnS-Al2O3 breiter als in dem Mehrphasensystem aus den Hauptkomponenten MnO und SiO2. Der Al2O3-Gehalt wird durch die Auswahl der Einsatzstoffe zur Herstellung der Stahlschmelze bzw. gegebenenfalls durch gezielte Beigabe von Al oder Al-Verbindungen eingestellt.According to a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the non-metallic inclusions of the molten steel have a mass fraction of Al 2 O 3 which is less than 45% by weight. The forming multiphase system with the main components MnO-SiO 2 -MnS-Al 2 O 3 has a melting temperature which is lower than the melting temperature of a multiphase system of the main components MnO and SiO 2 . In addition, the composition range in which liquid non-metallic inclusions are present is wider in the multiphase system with the main components MnO-SiO 2 -MnS-Al 2 O 3 than in the multiphase system consisting of the main components MnO and SiO 2 . The Al 2 O 3 content is adjusted by the choice of the starting materials for the preparation of the molten steel or optionally by the specific addition of Al or Al compounds.

Claims (3)

  1. Process for producing a strip-cast, low-carbon, partly Mn/Si killed steel strip, wherein a steel melt is introduced from a melt reservoir between at least two casting rolls, that are cooled and move together with a steel strip, and at least partly solidifies on the casting rolls to form the steel strip, characterized in that the steel melt has an Mn/Si ratio ≥ 3.5 and, during normal operation, the roll separating force is between 2 and 50 kN/m,
    wherein the steel melt has a sulfur content of between 70 and 200 ppm.
  2. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the roll separating force is between 5 and 30 kN/m.
  3. Process according to one of Claims 1-2, characterized in that the steel melt contains non-metallic inclusions with a mass fraction of Al2O3 of less than 45% by weight.
EP07801685.4A 2006-09-22 2007-08-16 Method for producing a steel strip Active EP2066466B2 (en)

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US7975754B2 (en) * 2007-08-13 2011-07-12 Nucor Corporation Thin cast steel strip with reduced microcracking
CN113198995A (en) * 2021-04-25 2021-08-03 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 Peritectic steel continuous casting billet depression improvement control method

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