EP2064512A1 - Device for camouflaging objects and/or persons - Google Patents

Device for camouflaging objects and/or persons

Info

Publication number
EP2064512A1
EP2064512A1 EP07803496A EP07803496A EP2064512A1 EP 2064512 A1 EP2064512 A1 EP 2064512A1 EP 07803496 A EP07803496 A EP 07803496A EP 07803496 A EP07803496 A EP 07803496A EP 2064512 A1 EP2064512 A1 EP 2064512A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
fabric
knitted
woven
polythiophene
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07803496A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2064512B1 (en
Inventor
René Schwarz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SSZ Camouflage Tech AG
Original Assignee
SSZ AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SSZ AG filed Critical SSZ AG
Priority to SI200730251T priority Critical patent/SI2064512T1/en
Priority to PL07803496T priority patent/PL2064512T3/en
Priority to EP20070803496 priority patent/EP2064512B1/en
Publication of EP2064512A1 publication Critical patent/EP2064512A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2064512B1 publication Critical patent/EP2064512B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • F41H3/02—Flexible, e.g. fabric covers, e.g. screens, nets characterised by their material or structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2418—Coating or impregnation increases electrical conductivity or anti-static quality
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2418—Coating or impregnation increases electrical conductivity or anti-static quality
    • Y10T442/2467—Sulphur containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3472—Woven fabric including an additional woven fabric layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/488—Including an additional knit fabric layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for camouflaging objects and / or persons according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for the production thereof.
  • camouflaging of objects becomes more and more difficult by the use of newer technologies such as radar, infrared night vision devices and the like, so that conventional camouflage nets, camouflage suits and the like barely provide protection against detection. Measures are well known, in particular to prevent radar detection, such as coating camouflage nets or camouflaged objects based on metal fillers, such as based on metal powders or metal fibers or on
  • Base of ferrite such as carbonyl iron ferrite.
  • coatings based on ferrite have the disadvantage that they are relatively heavy and the coating process is not without problems.
  • An individual coloring is not always possible due to the filler based on iron.
  • EP 1703247 describes a radar screen of the textile material which is at least two-ply and has a spacer layer.
  • the proposed fabric is relatively expensive, especially in the production, and relatively heavy. It is therefore an object of the present invention to propose a measure for camouflaging objects and / or persons against detection by radar.
  • Suitable ICPs are polymers based on polyanaline, polypyrrole or polythiophene, these conductive polymers generally being obtainable on the basis of solutions or dispersions on the market. These polymers or solutions or dispersions thereof are offered by, inter alia, Ormecon GmbH in Ammersbeck; Panipol, Finland; DSM, Holland; BASF AG, Ludwigshafen and H.C. Starck GmbH, Leverkusen, just to name a few.
  • camouflage materials woven or knitted textiles can be used, such as based on polyesters, polyamide, aramid (aromatic polyamides) and polypropylene or blended fabric of the materials mentioned.
  • the proposed camouflage material is constructed on a knitted fabric or an open fabric.
  • metal threads such as those based on constantan or silver, can additionally be incorporated into the textile at a distance of approx. 3 to 5 mm, horizontally and vertically, or warp and weft.
  • the coating of the fabric or knitted fabric can be effected by means of customary coating methods, such as spraying, application by means of a doctor blade, immersion in a dipping bath, etc.
  • further additives can be added to the commercially available dispersions or solutions of said conductive polymers, such as wetting agents, thickeners, dispersants , Solvents, UV stabilizers, color pigments, flame retardants, crosslinking agents to increase the water and Losungs beaumaschine the final coating, etc.
  • the coated camouflage material produced according to the invention can be used for any purpose, in particular for military purposes, where objects, persons or animals are to be protected against radar detection. Be it vehicles, buildings, heavy weapons or used as camouflage for troops.
  • camouflage material used is provided by appropriate coloring or surface structuring with the camouflage patterns or camouflage colors customary today and known in order to additionally ensure good camouflage vis-a-vis visual recognition.
  • the fabric or knit used has a certain optical transparency, in the order of about 10 to 40%, preferably 15 to 35%.
  • camouflage materials produced in accordance with the invention have a conductivity in the order of about 300 ohms / sq to 35 kg ohms / sq.
  • the proposed camouflage material is constructed on a knitted fabric or an open fabric.
  • metal thread such as based on constantan or silver at a distance of 3 to 5 mm are incorporated into the textile.
  • the effect of this thread is shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • this arrangement shows little effect at very high frequencies. Therefore, the fabric additionally, as suggested by the invention, nor with a conductive material such as based on polythiophene coated. The effect of this coating is shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • Knitted fabric and coating with conductive materials a material can be produced which optimally shields microwaves over a wide frequency range.
  • the advantage of this method over the use of a conductive layer with much lower surface resistance is the more economical use of the very expensive conductive polymers.
  • FIG. 2 Shielding of the reflection from the microwaves
  • FIG. 4 Shielding of the reflection of the microwave radiation from 89 to 99 GHz
  • a camouflage net was used based on a polyester fabric or an aramid fabric having a weight of 120 to 150 g / m 2 .
  • the coating used was a dispersion from Agfa-Gevaert Ltd. with the designation Orgacon S300, ie based on Polyethylendioxythiophon (PEDOT). Before coating by means of Polyethylendioxythiophon the textile is preferably with a thin
  • Polyurethane coating coated This pre-coating closes the surface slightly and ensures that less PEDOT is absorbed by the textile in the immersion bath described below.
  • the coating of the polyester fabric or the Aramitgewebes was carried out by dip coating in a bath based on Orgacon S300 dissolved or dispersed in the following composition:
  • the coating takes place in the abovementioned bath in accordance with the generally known dip-coating method, the coating preferably taking place twice in the dipping process.
  • the consumption of this solution gives about 2 x 145ml / m 2 tissue.
  • the following chemicals can be used:
  • the soaked with Orgacon or coated polyester fabric was easily squeezed and dried, for example, at 16O 0 C by means of hot air or -strahier for about 120 sec., With the use of, for example, a crosslinking agent can take place an additional crosslinking in the coating.
  • the temperature must be increased to about 190-200 ° C in order to achieve a diffusion of the flame retardant in the polyester fiber.
  • the measurement can be taken from the enclosed figure 5 in the diagram shown.
  • the coating of the fabric or knitted fabric can take place by means of any known coating method, in particular by means of a dipping method.
  • the coating or the dipping method described are generally known methods for
  • the present invention is by no means limited to simple fabrics as commonly used for camouflage nets, but the coating by means of an electrically conductive polymer can be applied to any textile or knit fabric, such as for example so-called two-ply, three-dimensional knitted or knit fabrics Raschelware. It has been found, for example, that the radar-shielding properties can be increased by the use of so-called two-ply fabrics or knitted fabrics by the intermediate space formed between the layers.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Device for camouflaging objects and persons, comprises a knitted or woven material, which is provided with a coating that exhibits or comprises a conductive polymer (intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP)). An independent claim is included for producing a camouflaging device comprising coating a fabric or interlaced yarn based on a synthetic polymer with a formulation based on ICP, like polyaniline, polypyrrole or polythiophene, by spraying with the help of a squeegee in an immersion bath.

Description

Vorrichtung zum Tarnen von Objekten und/oder PersonenDevice for camouflaging objects and / or persons
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Tarnen von Objekten und/oder Personen gemäss dem Oberbegriff nach Anspruch 1 sowie ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung.The present invention relates to a device for camouflaging objects and / or persons according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for the production thereof.
Die Tarnung von Objekten wird durch den Einsatz von neueren Technologien, wie Radar, Infrarotnachtsichtgeräten und dgl. immer schwieriger, so dass herkömmliche Tarnnetze, Tarnanzüge und dgl. kaum noch Schutz vor dem Erkennen bieten. Es sind wohl Massnahmen bekannt, insbesondere um Radarerkennung zu verhindern, wie beispielsweise Beschichtung von Tarnnetzen oder von zu tarnenden Objekten auf Basis von metallenen Füllstoffen, wie beispielsweise auf Basis von Metallpulvern oder Metallfasern bzw. aufThe camouflaging of objects becomes more and more difficult by the use of newer technologies such as radar, infrared night vision devices and the like, so that conventional camouflage nets, camouflage suits and the like barely provide protection against detection. Measures are well known, in particular to prevent radar detection, such as coating camouflage nets or camouflaged objects based on metal fillers, such as based on metal powders or metal fibers or on
Basis von Ferrit, wie beispielsweise Karbonyleisenferrit .Base of ferrite, such as carbonyl iron ferrite.
Insbesondere Beschichtungen auf Basis von Ferrit haben den Nachteil, dass sie relativ schwer sind und der Beschichtungsvorgang nicht unproblematisch ist. Auch eine individuelle Farbgebung ist infolge des Füllstoffes auf Basis von Eisen nicht immer möglich.In particular, coatings based on ferrite have the disadvantage that they are relatively heavy and the coating process is not without problems. An individual coloring is not always possible due to the filler based on iron.
In der EP 1703247 wird ein Radarabschirmendes textiles Material beschrieben, welches mindestens zweilagig ist sowie eine Distanzschicht aufweist. Das vorgeschlagene Gewebe ist relativ aufwendig, insbesondere in der Herstellung, sowie relativ schwer. Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Massnahme zur Tarnung von Objekten und/oder Personen gegen Erkennung durch Radar vorzuschlagen.EP 1703247 describes a radar screen of the textile material which is at least two-ply and has a spacer layer. The proposed fabric is relatively expensive, especially in the production, and relatively heavy. It is therefore an object of the present invention to propose a measure for camouflaging objects and / or persons against detection by radar.
Erfindungsgemass wird eine Vorrichtung gemass dem Wortlaut nach Anspruch 1 vorgeschlagen.According to the invention, a device according to the wording of claim 1 is proposed.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass überraschenderweise Beschichtungen auf Basis der neuerdings bekannten sogenannten ICP-Polymeren (mtrinsically conductiv polymers) verwendet werden können, um einen ähnlichen Effekt zu erzielen wie bei Verwendung von herkömmlichen Polymeren, welche als Füllstoffe Metallfasern oder Metallpulver enthalten.It has been found that, surprisingly, coatings based on the newly known so-called ICP polymers (mtrinsically conductive polymers) can be used in order to achieve a similar effect as when using conventional polymers which contain metal fibers or metal powders as fillers.
Mit anderen Worten wird erfindungsgemass vorgeschlagen ein Gewirk oder Gewebe, wie es heute allgemein üblich für Tarnzwecke verwendet wird, mit einer Beschichtung auf Basis eines sogenannten ICPs wie insbesondere von Polythiophene zu versehen.In other words, it is proposed according to the invention to provide a knit or fabric, as is generally used today for camouflage purposes, with a coating based on a so-called ICP, in particular of polythiophene.
Als ICPs kommen Polymere auf Basis von Polyanalin, Polypyrrol oder Polythiophene in Frage, wobei diese leitenden Polymere in der Regel auf Basis von Losungen oder Dispersionen im Markt erhältlich sind. Angeboten werden diese Polymere bzw. Losungen oder Dispersionen davon von unter anderem Ormecon GmbH in Ammersbeck; Panipol, Finnland; DSM, Holland; BASF AG, Ludwigshafen und H. C. Starck GmbH, Leverkusen, um nur einige zu nennen.Suitable ICPs are polymers based on polyanaline, polypyrrole or polythiophene, these conductive polymers generally being obtainable on the basis of solutions or dispersions on the market. These polymers or solutions or dispersions thereof are offered by, inter alia, Ormecon GmbH in Ammersbeck; Panipol, Finland; DSM, Holland; BASF AG, Ludwigshafen and H.C. Starck GmbH, Leverkusen, just to name a few.
Als Tarnmaterialen können Gewebe oder gewirkte Textilien verwendet werden, wie beispielsweise auf Basis von Polyestern, Polyamid, Aramid (aromatische Polyamide) sowie Polypropylen oder Mischgewebe aus den genannten Materialen. Das vorgeschlagene Tarnmaterial ist auf einer Wirkware oder einem offenen Gewebe aufgebaut. Zur Abschirmung von Radarbereichen von 8 bis 12 GHz können zusätzlich Metallfaden wie beispielsweise auf Basis Konstantan oder Silber in einem Abstand von ca. 3 bis 5 mm in das Textil eingearbeitet werden, horizontal und vertikal bzw. Kette und Schuss.As camouflage materials woven or knitted textiles can be used, such as based on polyesters, polyamide, aramid (aromatic polyamides) and polypropylene or blended fabric of the materials mentioned. The proposed camouflage material is constructed on a knitted fabric or an open fabric. For shielding radar ranges from 8 to 12 GHz, metal threads, such as those based on constantan or silver, can additionally be incorporated into the textile at a distance of approx. 3 to 5 mm, horizontally and vertically, or warp and weft.
Zur Erhöhung der Abschirmung wird vorgeschlagen das Gewebe wie oben erwähnt mittels zusätzlich einer Beschichtung zu versehen.To increase the shield is proposed to provide the tissue as mentioned above by means of an additional coating.
Die Beschichtung des Gewebes oder Gewirkes kann mittels üblichen Beschichtungsmethoden erfolgen, wie Aufsprühen, Auftragen mittels eines Rakels, Tauchen in ein Tauchbad, etc. Dabei können den handelsüblich erhältlichen Dispersionen oder Losungen der genannten leitenden Polymere weitere Additive beigefugt werden, wie Benetzungsmittel, Verdicker, Dispergiermittel, Losungsmittel, UV- Stabilisatoren, Farbpigmente, Flammschutzmittel, Vernetzungsmittel um die Wasser- und Losungsbestandigkeit der schlussendlichen Beschichtung zu erhohen, etc.The coating of the fabric or knitted fabric can be effected by means of customary coating methods, such as spraying, application by means of a doctor blade, immersion in a dipping bath, etc. In this case, further additives can be added to the commercially available dispersions or solutions of said conductive polymers, such as wetting agents, thickeners, dispersants , Solvents, UV stabilizers, color pigments, flame retardants, crosslinking agents to increase the water and Losungsbestandigkeit the final coating, etc.
Je nach zu erzielender Leitfähigkeit der Beschichtung ist es zudem möglich weitere, die Leitfähigkeit zu erhöhende Additive, wie Kohlenstofffasern, Metallfasern, etc. der zu beschichtenden Formulierung beizufügen. Die zu applizierende Formulierung ist je nach verwendetem Gewebe oder Gewirk anzupassen, wie auch in Bezug der zu erzielenden Leitfähigkeit bzw. Fähigkeit der Abschirmung gegenüber Radarstrahlung. Das erfindungsgemass hergestellte, beschichtete Tarnmaterial kann für beliebigen Einsatz, insbesondere zu militärischen Zwecken, verwendet werden, wo Objekte, Personen oder Tiere gegen Radarerkennung zu schützen sind. Seien dies Fahrzeuge, Gebäude, schwere Waffen oder verwendet als Tarnanzuge für Truppenverbande .Depending on the conductivity of the coating to be achieved, it is also possible to add further additives to be increased in conductivity, such as carbon fibers, metal fibers, etc., to the formulation to be coated. The formulation to be applied is to be adapted depending on the fabric or knitted fabric used, as well as with regard to the conductivity or capability of the shielding against radar radiation to be achieved. The coated camouflage material produced according to the invention can be used for any purpose, in particular for military purposes, where objects, persons or animals are to be protected against radar detection. Be it vehicles, buildings, heavy weapons or used as camouflage for troops.
Selbstverständlich ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das verwendete Tarnmaterial durch entsprechende Farbgebung bzw. Oberflachenstrukturierung mit den heute üblichen und bekannten Tarnmuster bzw. Tarnfarbgebungen versehen ist, um zusätzlich eine gute Tarnung gegenüber visuelle Erkennung zu gewahrleisten. Zudem ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das verwendete Gewebe bzw. Gewirk eine gewisse optische Transparenz aufweist, in der Grossenordnung von ca. 10 bis 40%, vorzugsweise 15 bis 35%.Of course, it is advantageous if the camouflage material used is provided by appropriate coloring or surface structuring with the camouflage patterns or camouflage colors customary today and known in order to additionally ensure good camouflage vis-a-vis visual recognition. In addition, it is advantageous if the fabric or knit used has a certain optical transparency, in the order of about 10 to 40%, preferably 15 to 35%.
Erfindungsgemass hergestellte Tarnmaterialien weisen so schliesslich eine Leitfähigkeit auf, in der Grossenordnung von ca. 300 Ohm/sq bis zu 35kg Ohm/sq.Finally, camouflage materials produced in accordance with the invention have a conductivity in the order of about 300 ohms / sq to 35 kg ohms / sq.
Wie bereits oben erwähnt ist das vorgeschlagene Tarnmaterial auf einer Wirkware oder einem offenen Gewebe aufgebaut. Zur Abschirmung im Radarbereich von 8 bis 12 GHz sind vorzugsweise Metallfaden wie beispielsweise auf Basis Konstantan oder Silber in einem Abstand von 3 bis 5 mm in das Textil eingearbeitet. Die Wirkung dieser Faden ist in den Abbildungen 1 und 2 dargestellt. Wie insbesondere auf Abbildung 2 zu ersehen ist zeigt diese Anordnung bei sehr hohen Frequenzen wenig Wirkung. Deswegen wird das Gewebe zusätzlich, wie Erfindungsgemass vorgeschlagen, noch mit einem leitfahigen Material wie auf Basis von Polythiophene beschichtet. Die Wirkung dieser Beschichtung ist in den Abbildungen 3 und 4 dargestellt. DieAs already mentioned above, the proposed camouflage material is constructed on a knitted fabric or an open fabric. For shielding in the radar range of 8 to 12 GHz preferably metal thread such as based on constantan or silver at a distance of 3 to 5 mm are incorporated into the textile. The effect of this thread is shown in Figures 1 and 2. As can be seen in particular in Figure 2, this arrangement shows little effect at very high frequencies. Therefore, the fabric additionally, as suggested by the invention, nor with a conductive material such as based on polythiophene coated. The effect of this coating is shown in Figures 3 and 4. The
Oberflächenleitfähigkeit soll ca. looo Ohm/sq betragen. Die Wirkung dieser Beschichtung ist unter Auslassung des sogenannten Skineffektes über die Frequenz unabhängig. Wie in dem Artikel z.B. „ Simple Formulas for estimating the microwave shielding effectiveness of EC-coated optical Windows", Claude A. Klein, SPIE Volume 1112, Window and Dome Technologies and Materials, 234 (1989) beschrieben, nimmt die Abschirmwirkung aufgrund des Skineffektes bei dünnenSurface conductivity should be about looo ohms / sq. The effect of this coating is independent of the frequency, omitting the so-called skin effect. As in the article e.g. "Simple Formulas for Estimating the Microwave Shielding Effectiveness of EC-Coated Optical Windows," Claude A. Klein, SPIE Volume 1112, Window and Dome Technologies and Materials, 234 (1989), notes the shield effect due to the thin skin effect
Schichten mit zunehmendem Oberflächenwiederstand stark ab. Deshalb wird mit einer solchen Schicht bei 10 GHz nur eine geringe Wirkung erzielt, bei 94 GHz jedoch wird die Wirkung wie in Abbildung 4 dargestellt erreicht. Durch Kombination vom Einbau von dünnen Fäden in einem offenen Gewebe bzw.Layers with increasing surface resistance strongly. Therefore, with such a layer at 10 GHz only a small effect is achieved, but at 94 GHz, the effect is achieved as shown in Figure 4. By combining the incorporation of thin threads in an open fabric or
Wirkware und Beschichtung mit Leitfähigen Materialien kann ein Material hergestellt werden, welches über einen grossen Frequenzbereich Mikrowellen optimal abschirmt. Der Vorteil dieser Methode gegenüber dem Einsatz einer leitfähigen Schicht mit sehr viel geringerem Oberflächenwiderstand liegt im sparsameren Einsatz der sehr kostspieligen leitfähigen Polymere.Knitted fabric and coating with conductive materials, a material can be produced which optimally shields microwaves over a wide frequency range. The advantage of this method over the use of a conductive layer with much lower surface resistance is the more economical use of the very expensive conductive polymers.
Wie im vorangehenden Abschnitt beschrieben zeigen die beigefügten Figuren das folgende: Figur 1: Abschirmung der Reflektion vonAs described in the previous section, the attached figures show the following: Figure 1: Shielding the reflection from
Mikrowellenstrahlung einer Metallplatte im Bereich von 8 bis 12 GHz durch parallele Drähte der Dicke 1 Micron aus Konstantan. Abstand der Drahte voneinander 5mm, Abstand von der Metallplatte: 10cm,Microwave radiation of a metal plate in the range of 8 to 12 GHz by parallel wires of thickness 1 micron from constantan. Distance of Wires from each other 5mm, distance from the metal plate: 10cm,
Figur 2: Abschirmung der Reflektion vom MikrowellenFIG. 2: Shielding of the reflection from the microwaves
Strahlung einer Metallplatte im Bereich von 8 bis 94 GHz durch parallele Drahte der Dicke 1 Micron aus Konstantan. Abstand der Drahte voneinander: 5mm, Abstand von der Metallplatte: 10cmRadiation of a metal plate in the range of 8 to 94 GHz by parallel wires of thickness 1 micron from constantan. Distance of the wires from each other: 5mm, distance from the metal plate: 10cm
Figur 3: Abschirmung der Reflektion derFigure 3: Shielding the reflection of
Mikrowellenstrahlung von 8 bis 12 GHz einer Metallplatte durch eine Schicht mit einemMicrowave radiation from 8 to 12 GHz of a metal plate through a layer with a
Oberflachenwiderstand von 1000 Ohm/sq unter Vernachlässigung des „Skineffektes". Abstand von der Metallplatte: 10cm,Surface resistance of 1000 ohms / sq neglecting the "skin effect" Distance from the metal plate: 10cm,
Figur 4 : Abschirmung der Reflektion der Mikrowellenstrahlung von 89 bis 99 GHz einerFIG. 4: Shielding of the reflection of the microwave radiation from 89 to 99 GHz
Metallplatte durch eine Schicht mit einem Oberflachenwiderstand von 1000 Ohm/sq. Abstand von der Metallplatte: 10cmMetal plate through a layer with a surface resistance of 1000 ohms / sq. Distance from the metal plate: 10cm
Anhand eines nachfolgend beschriebenen Ausfuhrungsbeispiels soll die vorliegende Erfindung beispielsweise naher erläutert werden.Reference to an exemplary embodiment described below, the present invention, for example, will be explained in more detail.
Verwendet wurde ein Tarnnetz, basierend auf einem Polyestergewebe oder einem Aramidgewebe mit einem Gewicht von 120 bis 150gr/m2. Für die Beschichtung verwendet wurde eine Dispersion der Firma Agfa-Gevaert Ltd. mit der Bezeichnung Orgacon S300, d.h. auf Basis von Polyethylendioxythiophon (PEDOT). Vor der Beschichung mittels Polyethylendioxythiophon wird das Textil vorzugsweise mit einer dünnenA camouflage net was used based on a polyester fabric or an aramid fabric having a weight of 120 to 150 g / m 2 . The coating used was a dispersion from Agfa-Gevaert Ltd. with the designation Orgacon S300, ie based on Polyethylendioxythiophon (PEDOT). Before coating by means of Polyethylendioxythiophon the textile is preferably with a thin
Polyurethanbeschichtung überzogen. Diese Vorbeschichtung schliesst etwas die Oberfläche und sorgt dafür, dass im nachfolgend beschriebenen Tauchbad weniger PEDOT vom Textil aufgenommen wird.Polyurethane coating coated. This pre-coating closes the surface slightly and ensures that less PEDOT is absorbed by the textile in the immersion bath described below.
Die Beschichtung des Polyestergewebes oder des Aramitgewebes erfolgte mittels Tauchbeschichtung in einem Bad auf Basis von Orgacon S300 gelöst bzw. dispergiert in folgender Zusammensetzung:The coating of the polyester fabric or the Aramitgewebes was carried out by dip coating in a bath based on Orgacon S300 dissolved or dispersed in the following composition:
N-Methyl-2-2pyrrolidon 5-10%N-methyl-2-2-pyrrolidone 5-10%
Diethylen-Glykol 1-5%Diethylene Glycol 1-5%
2-Heptadecylbenzimidazole-4sulfonsäure 0.5-1%2-heptadecylbenzimidazole-4-sulfonic acid 0.5-1%
dazu:to:
Wasser 60-80%Water 60-80%
Styrol/butyl/acrylat-copolymer 1-5%Styrene / butyl / acrylate copolymer 1-5%
Polymethylmethacrylat 1-5%Polymethylmethacrylate 1-5%
Silica (Kieselsäure) 0.5-1%Silica (silica) 0.5-1%
Die Beschichtung erfolgt im oben genannten Bad gemäss allgemein bekannt üblichen Tauchbeschichtungsverfahren, wobei vorzugsweise die Beschichtung zweifach im Tauchverfahren erfolgt. Der Verbrauch dieser Lösung ergibt ca. 2 x 145ml/m2 Gewebes. Zusätzlich für die Beschichtung können folgende Chemikalien verwendet werden:The coating takes place in the abovementioned bath in accordance with the generally known dip-coating method, the coating preferably taking place twice in the dipping process. The consumption of this solution gives about 2 x 145ml / m 2 tissue. Additionally for the coating the following chemicals can be used:
Urepol (Polyurethan) Ammoniak Flammschutzmittel Dispergiermittel Flammschutzmittel und gegebenenfalls Verdicker (nicht unbedingt nötig)Urepol (Polyurethane) Ammonia Flame retardant Dispersant Flame retardant and thickener if necessary (not absolutely necessary)
Das so mit Orgacon getränkte bzw. beschichtete Polyestergewebe wurde leicht abgequetscht und beispielsweise bei 16O0C mittels Heissluft oder -strahier während ca. 120 sec. getrocknet, wobei durch die Verwendung beispielsweise eines Vernetzungsmittels eine zusätzliche Vernetzung in der Beschichtung stattfinden kann.The soaked with Orgacon or coated polyester fabric was easily squeezed and dried, for example, at 16O 0 C by means of hot air or -strahier for about 120 sec., With the use of, for example, a crosslinking agent can take place an additional crosslinking in the coating.
Zur gleichzeitigen Flammschutzausrüstung sind ca. lOOg/1 Flammschutz (beispielsweise zyklische Phosphorverbindung) und ca. 5g/l Ammoniak notwendig (Flammschutz bewirkt einen deutlich weicheren Griff) . Dabei muss die Temperatur auf ca. 190-200°C erhöht werden, um ein Diffundieren des Flammschutzes in die Polyesterfaser zu erreichen.For simultaneous flame retardancy approx. 100g / 1 flame retardancy (eg cyclic phosphorus compound) and approx. 5g / l ammonia are necessary (flame retardation causes a much softer feel). In this case, the temperature must be increased to about 190-200 ° C in order to achieve a diffusion of the flame retardant in the polyester fiber.
Sollte ein etwas stabilerer Griff erzielt werden sind 50- 100g/l Polyurethan-Dispersion und ca. lOg/1 Melamin einzusetzen. Dieser Zusatz an Polyurethan reicht ebenfalls aus, um beispielsweise das Aufbringen bzw. Ankleben von Farbstoffen zu unterstützen. _ Q _If a slightly more stable grip is achieved, use 50-100g / l polyurethane dispersion and approx. 10g / 1 melamine. This addition of polyurethane is also sufficient to support, for example, the application or sticking of dyes. _Q_
Eine geringe Viskositatserhohung bewirkt ein besseres Wasserruckhaltevermogen .A small increase in viscosity causes a better Wasserruckhaltevermogen.
Anschliessend an die Beschichtung wurde die Effizienz gegen Radarstrahlung des erfmdungsgemass hergestellten Tarnraaterials gemessen und ergab ein reflektiertes Radarsignal, bezogen auf eine Metallplatte (0:100% Reflektion, -18db: 1,6% Reflektion)After the coating, the efficiency against radar radiation of the inventive Tarnraaterials was measured and gave a reflected radar signal, based on a metal plate (0: 100% reflection, -18db: 1.6% reflection)
Die Messung ist der beigefugten Figur 5 im dargestellten Diagramm zu entnehmen. Grundsätzlich ist auszufuhren, dass die Beschichtung des Gewebes oder Gewirkes mittels irgendeines bekannten Beschichtungsverfahren erfolgen kann, wie insbesondere mittels eines Tauchverfahrens. Mit anderen Worten handelt es sich bei den Beschichtungs- bzw. dem beschriebenen Tauchverfahren um allgemein üblich bekannte Verfahren zumThe measurement can be taken from the enclosed figure 5 in the diagram shown. In principle, it should be carried out that the coating of the fabric or knitted fabric can take place by means of any known coating method, in particular by means of a dipping method. In other words, the coating or the dipping method described are generally known methods for
Beschichten von beispielsweise textilen oder nicht textilen Geweben bzw. Gewirken.Coating of, for example, textile or non-textile fabrics or knitted fabrics.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist selbstverständlich keinesfalls auf einfache Gewebe beschrankt, wie sie üblicherweise für Tarnnetze verwendet werden, sondern die Beschichtung mittels eines elektrisch leitenden Polymers kann für irgendein textlies bzw. technisches Gewebe oder Gewirk angewendet werden, wie beispielsweise auch für sogenannte zweilagige, dreidimensionale Gewirke bzw. Raschelware. Es hat sich beispielsweise gezeigt, dass durch die Verwendung von sogenannten zweilagigen Geweben bzw. Gewirken die radarabschirmenden Eigenschaften durch den zwischen den Lagen ausgebildeten Zwischenraum erhöht werden kann. Of course, the present invention is by no means limited to simple fabrics as commonly used for camouflage nets, but the coating by means of an electrically conductive polymer can be applied to any textile or knit fabric, such as for example so-called two-ply, three-dimensional knitted or knit fabrics Raschelware. It has been found, for example, that the radar-shielding properties can be increased by the use of so-called two-ply fabrics or knitted fabrics by the intermediate space formed between the layers.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zum Tarnen von Objekten und Personen gekennzeichnet durch ein gewirktes oder gewobenes Gut, welches mit einer Beschichtung vorgesehen ist mindestens aufweisend bzw. beinhaltend ein leitfahiges Polymer (ICP).1. A device for camouflaging objects and persons characterized by a knitted or woven Good, which is provided with a coating comprising at least or containing a conductive polymer (ICP).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung auf Basis von Polythiophen (PEDOT) aufgebaut ist. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating is based on polythiophene (PEDOT).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewebe oder Gewirk aus einem synthetischen Polymermaterial gefertigt ist.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fabric or knitted fabric is made of a synthetic polymer material.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewebe oder Gewirk aus einem Polymermaterial, wie insbesondere aus Polyester, Polyamid, einem aromatischen Polyamid (Aramid) oder ggf. aus Polypropylen oder einer Mischung davon gefertigt ist.4. Device according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the woven or knitted fabric is made of a polymer material, such as in particular polyester, polyamide, an aromatic polyamide (aramid) or optionally made of polypropylene or a mixture thereof.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im gewirkten oder gewobenen Gut Metallfaden eingearbeitet sind.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the knitted or woven Good metal thread are incorporated.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im gewirkten oder gewobenen Gut Metallfaden in einem Abstand von ca. 3 bis 5mm in das Textil eingearbeitet sind. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the knitted or woven Good metal thread at a distance of about 3 to 5mm are incorporated in the textile.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallfaden aus Konstantan und/oder Silber bestehen. 7. Device according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the metal threads consist of constantan and / or silver.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die als Gewebe oder Gewirk verwendeten Textilien eine optische Transparenz in der Grössenordnung von ca. 10 bis 40%, vorzugsweise 15 bis 35% aufweist. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the textiles used as woven or knitted fabric has an optical transparency of the order of about 10 to 40%, preferably 15 to 35%.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewebe oder Gewirk mindestens zweilagig ist, wobei die Lagen voneinander beabstandet sind.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fabric or knit is at least two layers, wherein the layers are spaced from each other.
10. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Tarnvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Gewebe oder Gewirk auf Basis eines synthetischen Polymers mittels einer Formulierung auf Basis eines leitfähigen Polymers, wie insbesondere auf Basis Polythiophen beschichtet wird, wie insbesondere durch Aufsprühen, durch Verwendung eines Rakels, in einem Tauchbad, etc.10. A method for producing a camouflage device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a woven or knitted fabric based on a synthetic polymer is coated by means of a formulation based on a conductive polymer, in particular based on polythiophene, in particular by spraying, by using a squeegee, in a dip, etc.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Netz auf Basis Polyester, Polyamid, Aramid, Polypropylen in einem Tauchbad mittels eines allgemein bekannten üblichen Tauchbeschichtungs-Verfahrens beschichtet wird, wobei das Bad eine Dispersion beinhaltet auf Basis von Polyanilin, Polypyrrol oder Polythiophen.11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that a network based on polyester, polyamide, aramid, polypropylene is coated in a dip by means of a well-known conventional dip coating process, wherein the bath includes a dispersion based on polyaniline, polypyrrole or polythiophene ,
12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Tauchbad zur Dispersion auf Basis von Polythiophen wie insbesondere von12. The method according to any one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the immersion bath for dispersion based on polythiophene in particular of
Polyethylendioxythiophon Additive beigefügt werden, wie beispielsweise Verdicker, Benetzungsmittel, Flammhemmmittel, Farbpigmente und/oder elektrisch leitende Füllstoffe, wie beispielsweise Metallpulver, Metallfasern und dgl .Polyethylenedioxythiophon additives are added, such as thickeners, wetting agents, flame retardants, color pigments and / or electrically conductive Fillers such as metal powders, metal fibers and the like.
13. Verwendung der Tarnvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 zum Tarnen von militärischen Objekten, wie Fahrzeugen, schweren Waffen, Gebäuden, oder verwendet als Tarnanzüge von Truppenverbänden, Soldaten, etc. 13. Use of the cloaking device according to one of claims 1 to 9 for camouflaging military objects, such as vehicles, heavy weapons, buildings, or used as camouflage suits of troops, soldiers, etc.
EP20070803496 2006-09-23 2007-09-14 Device for camouflaging objects and/or persons Active EP2064512B1 (en)

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SI200730251T SI2064512T1 (en) 2006-09-23 2007-09-14 Device for camouflaging objects and/or persons
PL07803496T PL2064512T3 (en) 2006-09-23 2007-09-14 Device for camouflaging objects and/or persons
EP20070803496 EP2064512B1 (en) 2006-09-23 2007-09-14 Device for camouflaging objects and/or persons

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EP20060019947 EP1903295A1 (en) 2006-09-23 2006-09-23 Device for camouflaging an object/ or persons
PCT/EP2007/059704 WO2008034771A1 (en) 2006-09-23 2007-09-14 Device for camouflaging objects and/or persons
EP20070803496 EP2064512B1 (en) 2006-09-23 2007-09-14 Device for camouflaging objects and/or persons

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EP1903295A1 (en) 2008-03-26
WO2008034771A1 (en) 2008-03-27
ES2341678T3 (en) 2010-06-24
PL2064512T3 (en) 2010-08-31
ATE462117T1 (en) 2010-04-15
CA2663588A1 (en) 2008-03-27
US20100093238A1 (en) 2010-04-15
SI2064512T1 (en) 2010-07-30
EP2064512B1 (en) 2010-03-24
DE502007003240D1 (en) 2010-05-06

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