EP2062617A1 - A damper - Google Patents
A damper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2062617A1 EP2062617A1 EP08252384A EP08252384A EP2062617A1 EP 2062617 A1 EP2062617 A1 EP 2062617A1 EP 08252384 A EP08252384 A EP 08252384A EP 08252384 A EP08252384 A EP 08252384A EP 2062617 A1 EP2062617 A1 EP 2062617A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- damper according
- seal
- damper
- sleeve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
- A62C2/065—Physical fire-barriers having as the main closure device materials, whose characteristics undergo an irreversible change under high temperatures, e.g. intumescent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
- A62C2/12—Hinged dampers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fire and/or smoke damper of the kind that is used to seal an air distribution duct in the event of a fire.
- dampers in ducts particularly those that penetrate a fire barrier or wall. Such dampers are arranged to close the duct in the event of temperatures within and/or outside the duct exceeding a pre-determined threshold. This may be done on receipt of an external signal received from a fire or smoke detection system or a fire alarm panel. Dampers of this type are specified where it is necessary to ensure the integrity of the fire barrier and thereby prevent the spread of a fire through a duct penetrating the fire barrier. With such an arrangement the damper is normally open but closes in the event of an excess temperature being sensed.
- One example in which such dampers are used is in air ventilation systems.
- Typical dampers comprise a casing that fits into the duct and houses one or more steel blades which can be rotated through 90 degrees between a first position in which the blade or blades are edge-on to the direction of the ducts and a second position in which the blade or blades extend transversely with respect to the direction of the duct so as to form an effective barrier across the duct.
- the blades are held in the first (open) position to allow air flow through the ducts by means, for example, of a spring return actuator.
- a single blade damper is pivotally disposed in the casing and has a peripheral seal for sealing engagement with the casing when in the closed position so as to restrict air flow and prevent the progress of a fire in the duct.
- a fire and/or smoke damper for a duct comprising a blade for movement between an open position and a closed position in said duct, the blade having a peripheral seal for sealing engagement with a surface, the seal comprising a core of intumescent material and a deformable sleeve surrounding said core.
- the sleeve provides a seal at relatively low temperatures but in the event of a fire the sleeve may develop leaks in which case the intumescent material expands to fill the sleeve and maintain the seal. There may be provided an air gap between sleeve and core to accommodate such expansion.
- the sleeve is deformable to provide the sealing characteristics and may be flexible and/or resilient.
- the blade may conveniently have a peripheral channel in which seal is received.
- the seal preferably seal extends outwards of said channel so as to come into sealing contact with a surface.
- the blade may be substantially circular and the seal may be substantially annular but it is to be understood that the blade may take any desirable or suitable shape including, for example, rectangular or square.
- the blade may comprise two disc-shaped members overlying one another and configured to form the channel at their periphery.
- One of the disc shaped members may be generally planar and the other may be formed at its periphery to provide the channel.
- the sleeve may comprise a woven material that is preferably fire-resistant. It may comprise a woven glass-fibre scrim.
- the fibres of the woven material may be coated with silicon or rubber or similar to afford sealing characteristics.
- the fibres may be arranged into multifilament yarns, each yarn being coated. In the event of a fire the coating may perish at relatively high temperatures leaving the sleeve uncoated and prone to leakage.
- the blade may be pivotally mounted in a frame that defines a conduit, the blade being movable between a first position in which the conduit is open and a second position in which it closes the conduit.
- the seal may extend outwardly from the periphery of the blade to an inside surface of the frame so as to seal the blade to the surface.
- the sleeve may be compressed between the surface and the blade periphery when the blade is in said second position.
- the illustrated damper comprises a cylindrical frame 10 for mounting in a duct (not shown) or between duct portions.
- the frame defines a conduit 11 that is closable by a disc-shaped damper blade 12 pivotally disposed in the conduit.
- the frame 10 and damper blade 12 are typically manufactured from thin sheet galvanised steel, their diameters depending on the application.
- the blade 12 is pivotally disposed in the conduit 11 on a pivot pin 13 that extends into the wall of the frame 10 on each side. If necessary the ends of the pin 13 may be received in bearings.
- the periphery of the damper blade 12 is fitted with a seal 14 and in use, the damper blade 12 is pivotal between a closed position where it substantially closes the conduit 11 such that the seal 14 bears against the inside surface of the frame in a sealing relationship and an open position where it is moved through 90 degrees so that the conduit is fully open.
- the damper blade 12 is constructed from two coterminous discs 15, 16 of galvanised steel plate that are joined together by any suitable means.
- a first disc 15 is planar across is diameter but the second disc 16 is axially stepped at its outer periphery so as to define a peripheral annular channel 17 with the first disc.
- the channel 17 is designed to receive the seal 14 and may be typically 5mm wide and of a similar depth.
- the seal 14 (see figure 3 ) is substantially annular and comprises an inner core 18 of intumescent material bead surrounded by a substantially cylindrical and flexible outer sleeve 19 of glass fibre scrim comprising a plurality of multifilament yarns each coated with silicon. It is to be appreciated that other suitable materials may be used both for the fibres and the coating. In particular, the coating may be polyester or acrylic based. Coating each yarn in this manner allows the sleeve to bend into the annular form without it kinking. Intumescent materials are well known in the art and typically comprise an expansible graphite but any suitable material is contemplated.
- the outer sleeve 19 When the seal 14 is inserted into the channel 17 the outer sleeve 19 is squeezed inwards in an axial direction so that it fits between the channel walls. In squeezing the sleeve in this way it deforms to the radially elongated state depicted in figure 2 .
- the sleeve 19 In the case of a channel 17 that has a 5mm depth, the sleeve 19 may be in the region of 7mm diameter. When deformed it extends radially outboard of the channel 17 and contacts the inner surface 20 of the frame 10.
- the intumescent core 18 may be typically 2.5-3mm such that there is an air gap 20 between the core 18 and the sleeve 19. When the core expands it fills the air gap and presses on the sleeve so as to improve the sealing relationship.
- an actuator In the event of a fire or receipt of an appropriate external signal representing detection of a fire or smoke or an equivalent test signal, an actuator is automatically operated to pivot the damper blade to the closed position.
- Actuator mechanisms and their operation are known in the art and are not described herein on the basis that they are not pertinent to the inventive aspects of the damper.
- the sleeve 19 of the seal 14 comes into contact with the inner surface 20 of the frame 10 and is compressed slightly radially inwards thereby providing a degree of sealing at low temperatures. If the heat generated by the fire continues to increase the temperature in the duct rises to such a level that the silicon coating perishes at which point the seal would ordinarily become impaired.
- the intumescent core 18 expands to fill the air gap 20 to enhance the stealing relationship with the inner surface 20 of the frame.
- the expansion of the core ensures that the sleeve, whose sealing function might be impaired as a result of the fire or temperature increase, is pressurised into sealing against the inside surface of the frame.
- the glass fibre scrim of the sleeve 19 serves to retain the intumescent material 18 from further expansion and from coming into direct contact with the flame.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a fire and/or smoke damper of the kind that is used to seal an air distribution duct in the event of a fire.
- It is known to provide dampers in ducts particularly those that penetrate a fire barrier or wall. Such dampers are arranged to close the duct in the event of temperatures within and/or outside the duct exceeding a pre-determined threshold. This may be done on receipt of an external signal received from a fire or smoke detection system or a fire alarm panel. Dampers of this type are specified where it is necessary to ensure the integrity of the fire barrier and thereby prevent the spread of a fire through a duct penetrating the fire barrier. With such an arrangement the damper is normally open but closes in the event of an excess temperature being sensed. One example in which such dampers are used is in air ventilation systems.
- Typical dampers comprise a casing that fits into the duct and houses one or more steel blades which can be rotated through 90 degrees between a first position in which the blade or blades are edge-on to the direction of the ducts and a second position in which the blade or blades extend transversely with respect to the direction of the duct so as to form an effective barrier across the duct. Generally the blades are held in the first (open) position to allow air flow through the ducts by means, for example, of a spring return actuator. In one particular damper design a single blade damper is pivotally disposed in the casing and has a peripheral seal for sealing engagement with the casing when in the closed position so as to restrict air flow and prevent the progress of a fire in the duct.
- It is an object of the present invention, amongst others, to provide for an improved fire damper and, particularly to such a damper with an improved sealing arrangement.
- According to the present invention there is provided a fire and/or smoke damper for a duct comprising a blade for movement between an open position and a closed position in said duct, the blade having a peripheral seal for sealing engagement with a surface, the seal comprising a core of intumescent material and a deformable sleeve surrounding said core.
- The sleeve provides a seal at relatively low temperatures but in the event of a fire the sleeve may develop leaks in which case the intumescent material expands to fill the sleeve and maintain the seal. There may be provided an air gap between sleeve and core to accommodate such expansion. The sleeve is deformable to provide the sealing characteristics and may be flexible and/or resilient.
- The blade may conveniently have a peripheral channel in which seal is received. The seal preferably seal extends outwards of said channel so as to come into sealing contact with a surface.
- The blade may be substantially circular and the seal may be substantially annular but it is to be understood that the blade may take any desirable or suitable shape including, for example, rectangular or square.
- The blade may comprise two disc-shaped members overlying one another and configured to form the channel at their periphery. One of the disc shaped members may be generally planar and the other may be formed at its periphery to provide the channel.
- The sleeve may comprise a woven material that is preferably fire-resistant. It may comprise a woven glass-fibre scrim. The fibres of the woven material may be coated with silicon or rubber or similar to afford sealing characteristics. The fibres may be arranged into multifilament yarns, each yarn being coated. In the event of a fire the coating may perish at relatively high temperatures leaving the sleeve uncoated and prone to leakage.
- The blade may be pivotally mounted in a frame that defines a conduit, the blade being movable between a first position in which the conduit is open and a second position in which it closes the conduit. The seal may extend outwardly from the periphery of the blade to an inside surface of the frame so as to seal the blade to the surface. The sleeve may be compressed between the surface and the blade periphery when the blade is in said second position.
- An embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a damper in accordance with the present invention, a damper blade being shown in a closed position in a frame that is partially cut away to reveal the blade; -
Figure 2 is a sectioned side view of the damper offigure 1 ; and -
Figure 3 is a sectioned view of a seal of the damper offigures 1 and 2 , the seal shown in an undeformed configuration. - Referring to the figures, the illustrated damper comprises a
cylindrical frame 10 for mounting in a duct (not shown) or between duct portions. The frame defines aconduit 11 that is closable by a disc-shaped damper blade 12 pivotally disposed in the conduit. - The
frame 10 anddamper blade 12 are typically manufactured from thin sheet galvanised steel, their diameters depending on the application. Theblade 12 is pivotally disposed in theconduit 11 on apivot pin 13 that extends into the wall of theframe 10 on each side. If necessary the ends of thepin 13 may be received in bearings. The periphery of thedamper blade 12 is fitted with aseal 14 and in use, thedamper blade 12 is pivotal between a closed position where it substantially closes theconduit 11 such that theseal 14 bears against the inside surface of the frame in a sealing relationship and an open position where it is moved through 90 degrees so that the conduit is fully open. - The
damper blade 12 is constructed from twocoterminous discs first disc 15 is planar across is diameter but thesecond disc 16 is axially stepped at its outer periphery so as to define a peripheralannular channel 17 with the first disc. Thechannel 17 is designed to receive theseal 14 and may be typically 5mm wide and of a similar depth. - The seal 14 (see
figure 3 ) is substantially annular and comprises aninner core 18 of intumescent material bead surrounded by a substantially cylindrical and flexibleouter sleeve 19 of glass fibre scrim comprising a plurality of multifilament yarns each coated with silicon. It is to be appreciated that other suitable materials may be used both for the fibres and the coating. In particular, the coating may be polyester or acrylic based. Coating each yarn in this manner allows the sleeve to bend into the annular form without it kinking. Intumescent materials are well known in the art and typically comprise an expansible graphite but any suitable material is contemplated. - When the
seal 14 is inserted into thechannel 17 theouter sleeve 19 is squeezed inwards in an axial direction so that it fits between the channel walls. In squeezing the sleeve in this way it deforms to the radially elongated state depicted infigure 2 . In the case of achannel 17 that has a 5mm depth, thesleeve 19 may be in the region of 7mm diameter. When deformed it extends radially outboard of thechannel 17 and contacts theinner surface 20 of theframe 10. Theintumescent core 18 may be typically 2.5-3mm such that there is anair gap 20 between thecore 18 and thesleeve 19. When the core expands it fills the air gap and presses on the sleeve so as to improve the sealing relationship. - In the event of a fire or receipt of an appropriate external signal representing detection of a fire or smoke or an equivalent test signal, an actuator is automatically operated to pivot the damper blade to the closed position. Actuator mechanisms and their operation are known in the art and are not described herein on the basis that they are not pertinent to the inventive aspects of the damper. In the closed position the
sleeve 19 of theseal 14 comes into contact with theinner surface 20 of theframe 10 and is compressed slightly radially inwards thereby providing a degree of sealing at low temperatures. If the heat generated by the fire continues to increase the temperature in the duct rises to such a level that the silicon coating perishes at which point the seal would ordinarily become impaired. However, at such temperatures theintumescent core 18 expands to fill theair gap 20 to enhance the stealing relationship with theinner surface 20 of the frame. The expansion of the core ensures that the sleeve, whose sealing function might be impaired as a result of the fire or temperature increase, is pressurised into sealing against the inside surface of the frame. The glass fibre scrim of thesleeve 19 serves to retain theintumescent material 18 from further expansion and from coming into direct contact with the flame. - It will be appreciated that although the described embodiments of the invention are arranged such that a duct is closed in the event of a fire. There may be circumstances in which the damper assembly could be arranged to open only in the event of fire. It is also to be appreciated that there are numerous modifications and variations to the above described embodiments that may be adopted without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. In particular the shape and dimensions of the various components of the damper may vary from those described above and shown in the figures.
Claims (17)
- A fire and/or smoke damper for a duct comprising a blade for movement between an open position and a closed position in said duct, the blade having a peripheral seal for sealing engagement with a surface, the seal comprising a core of intumescent material and a deformable sleeve surrounding said core.
- A damper according to claim 1, wherein there is provided an air gap between sleeve and core.
- A damper according to claim 1, wherein the blade has a peripheral channel in which seal is received.
- A damper according to claim 3, wherein the seal extends outwards of said channel.
- A damper according to any preceding claim, wherein the blade is substantially circular.
- A damper according to any preceding claim, wherein the seal is substantially annular.
- A damper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the blade is non-circular.
- A damper according to any preceding claim wherein the blade comprises two disc-shaped members overlying one another and configured to form the channel at their periphery.
- A damper according to claim 8, wherein one of the disc shaped members is generally planar and the other is formed at its periphery to provide the channel.
- A damper according to any preceding claim, wherein the sleeve comprises a woven material.
- A damper according to claim 10, wherein the sleeve comprises a woven glass-fibre scrim.
- A damper according to claim 10 or 11, wherein fibres of the woven material are coated with silicon or rubber.
- A damper according to any preceding claim, wherein the sleeve comprises a fire resistant material.
- A damper according to any preceding claim, pivotally mounted in a frame that defines a conduit, the blade being movable between a first position in which the conduit is open and a second position in which it closes the conduit.
- A damper according to claim 14, wherein the seal extends from the periphery of the blade to an inside surface of the frame so as to seal the blade to the surface.
- A damper according to claim 15, wherein the sleeve is compressed between the surface and the blade periphery when the blade is in said second position.
- A damper substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0717018.6A GB0717018D0 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2007-08-01 | A damper |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2062617A1 true EP2062617A1 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
EP2062617B1 EP2062617B1 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
Family
ID=38617113
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08252384A Active EP2062617B1 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-11 | A damper |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2062617B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE522252T1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB0717018D0 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1018315A5 (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2010-08-03 | Rf Technologies Nv | FIRE-RESISTANT VENTILATION VALVE. |
GB2473424A (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-16 | Thomas Welsh | A smoke extraction system |
ITMI20101394A1 (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-01-29 | Posa S P A | FIRE-RESISTANT SHUTTERS EQUIPPED WITH INTUMESCENT SINGLE-BODY GASKETS FOR SEALS TO COLD AND HOT FUMES |
GB2499818A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-04 | Bsb Engineering Services Ltd | Intumescent seal for fire damper blade |
EP2995353A1 (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-03-16 | Werner Wildeboer | Fire protection and smoke extraction device for ventilating systems, comprising at least one closure member |
WO2022011419A1 (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-01-20 | Ig6 Pty Ltd | An improved fire collar |
EP3984602A1 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2022-04-20 | Ekovent Ab | Fire damper for ventilation system |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3980272A (en) * | 1974-05-16 | 1976-09-14 | Nittan Company, Limited | Fire smoke damper |
EP0447944A1 (en) * | 1990-03-17 | 1991-09-25 | Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ferdinand Schad Kg | Fire protection flap |
DE29507931U1 (en) * | 1995-05-13 | 1995-08-10 | Wildeboer, Werner, Dipl.-Ing., 26826 Weener | Shut-off element for a fire protection shut-off device |
DE20317181U1 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2005-03-17 | Gluske Gmbh | Seal for fire protection purposes has intumescent material which foams up in event of heat action with foaming process initiated by electrical heat generator on outside of material |
WO2007068786A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-21 | Fläkt Woods AB | Fire damper blade |
-
2007
- 2007-08-01 GB GBGB0717018.6A patent/GB0717018D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-07-11 AT AT08252384T patent/ATE522252T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-07-11 EP EP08252384A patent/EP2062617B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3980272A (en) * | 1974-05-16 | 1976-09-14 | Nittan Company, Limited | Fire smoke damper |
EP0447944A1 (en) * | 1990-03-17 | 1991-09-25 | Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ferdinand Schad Kg | Fire protection flap |
DE29507931U1 (en) * | 1995-05-13 | 1995-08-10 | Wildeboer, Werner, Dipl.-Ing., 26826 Weener | Shut-off element for a fire protection shut-off device |
DE20317181U1 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2005-03-17 | Gluske Gmbh | Seal for fire protection purposes has intumescent material which foams up in event of heat action with foaming process initiated by electrical heat generator on outside of material |
WO2007068786A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-21 | Fläkt Woods AB | Fire damper blade |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1018315A5 (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2010-08-03 | Rf Technologies Nv | FIRE-RESISTANT VENTILATION VALVE. |
GB2473424A (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-16 | Thomas Welsh | A smoke extraction system |
ITMI20101394A1 (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-01-29 | Posa S P A | FIRE-RESISTANT SHUTTERS EQUIPPED WITH INTUMESCENT SINGLE-BODY GASKETS FOR SEALS TO COLD AND HOT FUMES |
EP2412409A1 (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2012-02-01 | Posa S.P.A. | Single-body intumescent gaskets for cold and hot smoke sealing, in particular for fire dampers |
GB2499818A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-04 | Bsb Engineering Services Ltd | Intumescent seal for fire damper blade |
GB2499818B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2015-09-02 | Bsb Engineering Services Ltd | Damper blade |
EP2995353A1 (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-03-16 | Werner Wildeboer | Fire protection and smoke extraction device for ventilating systems, comprising at least one closure member |
WO2022011419A1 (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-01-20 | Ig6 Pty Ltd | An improved fire collar |
EP3984602A1 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2022-04-20 | Ekovent Ab | Fire damper for ventilation system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2062617B1 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
GB0717018D0 (en) | 2007-10-10 |
ATE522252T1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
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