Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
  • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B2001/268—Connection to foundations

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a building, particularly for use as a private home or office. It also relates to a mounting method.
• the invention relates more specifically to buildings classified as light homes for simplified construction and fast.
• the invention preferably relates to buildings having a basic structure mainly of wood but which can also be formed from metal beams.
• the problems faced by these buildings are of several kinds.
• the bracing of the whole and therefore the resistance to rigorous weather is also a concern for these light homes.
• the load of the frame and roof is reported on all the walls.
• the strength of the structure depends essentially on the quality of the connection of the walls to the ground, the walls between them and the connection between the walls and the various elements constituting the frame and the roof.
• the roof and its frame are mainly stressed and especially the junctions on the walls with, in extreme cases, a roof blown independently of the walls.
• the present invention proposes to solve all of these problems through the use of a structure assembled from modular elements easily transportable and through an assembly allowing the realization of a self-supporting structure, braced and rendering, of more, totally solidary structure of the walls of that of the frame and therefore the roof.
• This structure thus assembled, fixed to the ground, receives, in a second time, prefabricated panels ensuring the cladding of the walls by providing the necessary acoustic and thermal insulation to the building.
• many of these elements can be pre-assembled in the workshop, the assembly, in situ, of the building is fast, can be achieved by a small team, the extreme one person and therefore a reduced cost.
• the invention provides a solidarity bracing of all the components of the structure of the walls of that of the frame.
• the rigidity imparted to the whole building is similar to that obtained in the case of a traditional dwelling.
• the building of the invention uses mainly to solve this problem poles, facade frames and sprocket, purlins, rafters and preferably fixing shoes.
• the easy and effective bracing is obtained by placing the rafters and or purlins above the posts, between the frames which are themselves attached to the posts.
• the subject of the invention is therefore a building provided, preferably above a floor, with walls comprising one or more frames connected on either side to posts and a roof formed by a structure comprising one or several failures and or chevrons, characterized in that a failure and or a chevron rest respectively on a pole and are held laterally between two vertical uprights, fixed on the pole and each belonging to a frame.
• the invention also relates to a method of mounting a building provided, preferably above a floor, walls having one or more frames connected to each other to the posts and a roof formed by a structure comprising one or more failures and or chevrons characterized in that, in the order: - Pillar and front studs are erected successively, each fixed to the ground by a hoof,
• the rafters are placed against the ridge tip, above a post of a facade and between vertical uprights of facade frames.
• Figure 1 shows a general view of the building of the invention.
• Figure 2 shows a pinion view of the structure of the invention provided with a ridge tip.
• Figures 3 and 4 are shown, respectively in profile and in section, views of the assembly by rods and nuts, frames and posts.
• Figure 1 shows a building according to the invention. This building has posts 1 between which are frames of facade 2. Rafters 3 suspended from a ridge 4 failure are placed on the posts 1.
• a front frame 2 comprises a lower upright 5, an upper upright 6 and possibly intermediate crosspieces 7. These intermediate rails 7 are placed at regular intervals between each of the two vertical uprights 8 of the front frame 2.
• the assembly of the crosspieces 7 on the uprights is realized, for example, according to the tenons and mortise technique.
• the sleepers 7 are intended to stiffen and contraband the frames 2 front, but also the frames on the gable of the building.
• a chevron 3 is fixed according to different techniques: on the fault 4 ridge, or directly by interlocking or resting on a lierne 4.1 or nested in a metal support fixed and screwed against the fault 4 ridge.
• This chevron end attached to the ridge tip is tapered to give the rafters 3 a slope that will be that of the roof.
• a top 9 of a post 1 receiving the second end of the chevron 3 will also be beveled so that its top 9 receives in support the underside of the rafter 3 while conferring the slope desired roof.
• the beveling of the top 9 of a facade post can also be done beforehand in the workshop, from the slope given to the roof cover.
• a front frame 2 is fixed, along its two vertical uprights 8, between two facade posts.
• the width (Ip) corresponding to the section of the post 1 along an axis parallel to the chevron and perpendicular to the ridge tip corresponds, along the same axis, to the width (Ic) corresponding to a vertical amount of the frame 2 front.
• this vertical upright 8 of the frame 2 may have a width greater than that (Ip) of the post.
• a post 1 although resting on the ground, is held preferably fixedly by a shoe 10, for example metal, itself firmly pegged in the ground or in the floor of the building. This makes it possible to easily erect each post 1 before it is itself fixed to a frame 2.
• a shoe 10 for fixing also avoids direct contact of the post with the ground and therefore to avoid any rise of humidity.
• This piece 1 1 has a thickness (e) substantially equal to that of the fixing shoe 10 of a post and is similarly screwed and pegged to the ground.
• the width of this piece 11 is substantially identical to that of the posts 1 and 14.
• This piece 1 1 also aims to prevent any rise of moisture on the structure of the frame 2 of facade including by its lower amount but also to absorb, in part, the possible constraints of the ground.
• Each chevron 3 bears on a post 1, a vertical upright 8 of a front frame 2 is fixed along the lateral part of the same post 1. On the second lateral part of the post 1 opposite the first and also parallel to the longitudinal axis of the chevron 3, is fixed a vertical upright 8 of a second frame 2 front.
• the surfaces respectively 6.1 and 8.1 of the top of the upper upright 6 and the top of the upright 8 of each frame is then isoplan with the top 3.1 of the chevron.
• the chevron 3 is then held laterally between the two uprights 8.
• FIG 2 appears the top of a pinion of the building of the invention.
• two pinion frames 12 have one of their amount respectively mounted on one of the two faces of a central pole 13 on which rests the ridge 4 fault. The plane of these faces is oriented along the longitudinal axis of the ridge tip.
• the second vertical upright (8) of each of the two frames (12) of the gears is fixed respectively to a pinion pole 14.
• the upper amount 15 of each of the two pinion frames 12 has a slope identical to that given to the structure of the roof. This amount has a plane defined by its length and width oriented towards the ground and a plane along its length and its thickness parallel to the pinion.
• the width (Im) of this upright 15 is identical to the width (Ic) of a vertical upright 8 of pinion frame 12 and preferably to the width of the plane of the pinion pole 14 perpendicular to the plane of the pinion.
• the intersection of the vertical upright 8 of a pinion frame 12 and its upper amount 15 placed and fixed against the flank of the ridge tip 4, is die, preferably, at the top of the same fault ridge 4.
• the entire height H of the ridge purlin resting on the central pole 13 is completely framed and held laterally between two vertical uprights 8 each belonging to a frame 12 of pinion.
• this upper end of a pinion frame 12 does not die at the top of the ridge tip but, for example, two-thirds to maintain a sufficient space to place it there. thickness of prefabricated panels providing the final roof coverage.
• the width of the central pole 13 located in the plane of the pinion is identical to the thickness (e) of the ridge 4 failure.
• the planes respectively corresponding above an upper upright 15 and vertical upright 8 of gable frame 12, above 3.1 of a chevron 3 and at the top 14.1 of a gable stud 14 are isoplans and inclined according to the slope given to the roof.
• prefabricated panels are fixed, for example screwed from above or fixed by fixing tabs from below, on the rafters 3 and other upper uprights 6 and 15 respectively of frame 2 and 12 to form the roof.
• the gable frames and facade are pre-assembled and comprise two vertical uprights 8, a horizontal lower upright 5 and an upper amount 6.15. Between the two uprights 8 are assembled horizontal cross 7. These cross 7 are intended to improve the rigidity of the frame.
• the posts 1, 13 and 14 are intended to fully transmit the load of the roof on the ground, by supporting the weight of the purlins 4, rafters 3 or other supporting elements constituting the frame.
• the structure of the building does not require foundations.
• the posts are first erected and then fixed to metal hooves 10, themselves firmly secured to the floor or floor.
• These posts 1, 13 and 14 are, in at first, thanks to the hooves 10, simply erected all around the periphery of the building according to, in a simplified example, two gables and two facades.
• buildings with more than two gables or facades can be designed.
• the positioning of a pole relative to another takes into account both the gap that is desired to give between two rafters 3 for the posts 1 present on a facade or the gap between two failures 4 for the posts 14 present on a pinion but also the size of the frames 2 and 12 placed respectively between two posts 1 and two posts 14.
• These frames 2 and 12 depend on the rigidity that we wish to give them according to the section of their uprights 8, horizontal 5 and their possible cross 7. They also depend on the dimensions that we wish to grant the openings provided within these frames 2 and 12 to place doors and windows.
• the two pinion frames 12 surrounding the ridge 4 failure are thus integral with each other and the pole pinion 13.
• a second pinion frame 12 also having an upper upright 6 in alignment with the slope given to the first sprocket frame.
• the second pinion post 14 and all the following have their top surface 14.1 beveled and oriented along the roof slope.
• high, low and intermediate crosspieces are placed between the two uprights 8 of a frame 2 and 12 of so that once the structure of the facades and gables made, one or more lines of sleepers form substantially at the same height at the periphery of the building.
• a line can be interrupted by the presence of a door-type opening or windows.
• the assembly is simple and fast since all the walls (gables and facades) defining the building are assembled before laying and fixing the fault 4 ridge and the very first chevron 3.
• the frames 2 and 12 are simply raised by placing them on their base on the ground and thus allows easy handling and simplified placement when they are fixed along the poles of the construction of the building.
• cladding takes place on the various frames and is screwed, both on the profile of the four uprights and sleepers.
• prefabricated panel cladding does not support the load corresponding to the structure and its roof.
• Prefabricated panels depending on their size, sometimes require additional layout. These panels have a sandwich structure with a first layer of about 13 mm of agglomerate followed by an insulator such as polyurethane or polystyrene or rock wool to ensure thermal insulation and sound. Finally, a third layer of about 13 mm also composed of agglomerate closes the same panel.
• the frame can also receive in a traditional way a layout for tiles or slates.
• the sleepers are preferably placed at identical distances from each other.
• the fixing of the four amounts forming a frame 2 and 12 as well as the possible fixing of the crosspieces on the two vertical uprights 8 can be done in a traditional way with, for example, screws but also, and preferably, in the form of tenons and mortises .
• FIGS. 3 and 4 show an assembly method used to connect the vertical uprights of the frames to the posts as well as to the rafters 3 and purlins 4.
• rods 16 with bolts of a section, as an indication, about 8 to 12 mm.
• the bolts may have round or square heads, screwed on either side of the parts to be assembled, the associated rods 16 passing through each of these same parts.
• the bolted rods 16 pass through each of the uprights 8 belonging to a pinion frame 12 and through the tip 4.
• a first rod 16 passes right through the vertical post 8 of the same front frame, the chevron 3 resting on the post 1 receiving the frame 2 and finally the second vertical upright 8 of a second frame 2 placed on the other side side of post 1 and chevron 3.
• the structure of the roof structure is thus totally integral with the structure of the walls of the building both with respect to vertical stresses, for example a very strong wind with a risk of a roof that flies away, that horizontal stresses for example a soil shear effect.
• the method of attachment is the same for the rods 16 placed below the first rod exception because they do not cross the chevron 3 resting on the pole.
• the space between two bolts along a vertical upright 8 is about 20 to 30 cm.
• the upright 8 is chamfered so that the bolt does not have relief on the surface of the same amount 8.
• a bolt placed on a corner post ie at the intersection of a face and a pinion, also has two chamfers in its thickness to receive the bolts of the rods 16 allowing fix the vertical upright 8 of a frame 2 of a facade on one side and that of a frame 12 pinion of the other.
• FIG 4 there is the profile 17 of the cladding which is applied both to the surfaces of the columns on the front side and sprocket side and on the front frames and pinion. These cladding are fixed for example by means of screws through the posts 1, 13 and 14 and vertical uprights 8 of the frames.
• This cladding consists of chipboard panels or sandwich panels as described above. These panels to receive along the walls of the building coatings such as, for example, a plaster or paint.
• the floor of the building consists of a floor covering, for example a tiled floor or a calepinage covered with wooden slats.
• the door or window frames take place directly between the uprights 8 while removing the sleepers 7.
• the material used for the construction of frames, purlins and rafters is wood with exotic species of the teak, jatoba and takama type or species of fir-type treated heathland class 4.
• these elements can be made from metal elements such as locksmith tubes and assembled, for example, with screws and nuts.
• the assembly method of the structure of the building consists, in order, to: erect successively posts gable 14 and facade 1, each fixed to the ground by a shoe 10, - back and fix on the poles 1, pinion frames 12 and facade frames 2, install a ridge 4 fault on two central studs 13 of the pinions and between two vertical uprights 8 of pinion frames 12, - put the rafters 3 against the ridge 4 fault, above a facade post 1 and between vertical uprights 8 of frames 2 facade.
• the laying of the first posts 1 and 14 and respectively the first frames 2 and 12 are at an angle of the building for better stability and from the lowest to highest frames so as to simplify the laying and fixing of these.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
• Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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Families Citing this family (20)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2006
  • 2006-09-13 FR FR0653715A patent/FR2905710A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2007
  • 2007-09-12 US US12/310,943 patent/US20090277103A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-09-12 WO PCT/FR2007/051915 patent/WO2008031989A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2007-09-12 EP EP07823811.0A patent/EP2061936B1/de active Active
  • 2007-09-12 CA CA002663156A patent/CA2663156A1/fr not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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