EP2040572A2

EP2040572A2 - Mechanic-magnetic connecting structure

Info

Publication number: EP2040572A2
Application number: EP07801151A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Joachim Fiedler
Original assignee: Fidlock GmbH
Current assignee: Fidlock GmbH
Priority date: 2006-07-12
Filing date: 2007-07-12
Publication date: 2009-04-01
Anticipated expiration: 2027-07-12
Also published as: JP2009542380A; PL2436280T3; CA2681141A1; EP2436280B1; RU2415623C2; AU2007272165B2; WO2008006357A3; HK1140388A1; US8430434B2; JP5060554B2; CA2681141C; KR101130654B1; EP2040572B1; RU2009104626A; EP2436280A1; ES2632754T3; WO2008006357A2; KR20090033469A; US20100283269A1; AU2007272165A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a connecting structure which comprises the following features: a locking device having a spring-loaded locking element (9) and a locking element (5) for locking the connecting modules, and a magnet/armature structure having a magnet (4) and an armature (8). The locking device and the magnet/armature structure are functionally linked by the following features: the magnet (4) and the armature (8) can be displaced, the magnet (4) or the armature (8) is coupled to the locking bar (5) via a coupling element (7) so that the locking element (5), when displaced between the magnet (4) and the armature (8), can be brought into a non-locking position. The magnetic force is chosen in such a manner that the connecting modules are pulled towards each other during closing, the spring-loaded locking element (9) pushing against the locking element (5) until it snaps into engagement and the magnetic force is weaker during release once the locking position of the locking element (5) and the spring-loaded locking element (8) is reached in order to separate the module. The structure also comprises return elements for returning the locking element (5) to its initial position.

Description

Mechanical-magnetic connection construction

The invention relates to a mechanical-magnetic connection construction, d. H. a magnetic force assisted mechanical interlock particularly suited for closures used on bags, rucksacks and similar articles, this list is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In principle, such connection constructions can be divided into two main groups. There are mechanical connecting constructions whose opening and closing mechanism consists of a combination of usually positive and non-positively acting components. Frequently, springs are used to maintain a locked state so that closing and opening must occur against the spring force. Such connection constructions are known in the art, so that reference is made only to the prior art from the contents of subclasses IPC A44B.

Another major group of connection constructions are the magnetically-acting connection structures in which the magnetic force is used to hold the connection together. These connection constructions are also well known for closures of bags and other containers of the art, so that also here only the contents of the subclasses of IPC E05C is referenced.

Furthermore, combinations between these two main groups are known. These combinations usually attempt to meet specific requirements for a connection design by different properties of a mechanical connection and a magnetic connection constructions are combined.

In the following, for the sake of better understanding the advantages of the invention, first of all some of the main characteristics of the mechanical and magnetic connection constructions will be discussed.

An interlocking mechanical interlock usually has a mechanical component which is loaded with tension, pressure or separation when the interlock is loaded. The size of the mechanical resistance of this component defines the stability of the connection structure. Mechanical connection structures are inexpensive to produce because z. B. in pocket closures only very inexpensive iron parts or plastic parts are used.

These mechanical connecting structures have in principle the property that when mating manually a locking spring force must be overcome. Therefore, in some cases, the handling of the connection constructions is not very comfortable, so that use is made of magnetic connection constructions, because these mutually self-contract due to the magnetic force.

The force felt when closing and opening on the hand is referred to below as haptic. Especially with closures that are operated by hand, the feel of the human hand force must be adjusted.

For magnetic connections in which the magnetic force is used directly to prevent the opening of the connection, the magnet and the associated anchor must be dimensioned according to the holding force. If no special requirements are placed on the locking force and the haptics, these connections are practical.

The closures must be oversized in certain cases, however, if z. B. safety requirements are met. This can z. B. be required in a backpack for mountaineers. This backpack is also allowed not open when the shutter is loaded with a multiple of the normal holding force, which z. B. may occur in a crash. In this respect, closures with such a requirement profile are designed as mechanical closures, since with mechanical constructions even high safety factors can be realized without much additional effort. In this respect, these connection constructions have prevailed on the mass market.

Furthermore, various mechanical connecting constructions are known from the prior art in which magnets are used in addition to a mechanical locking. However, the magnets only serve to hold together the mechanical lock in the closed state. The magnetic force is used instead of the spring force of a mechanical spring. These constructions do not have a pleasant feel. They are usually relatively easy to close, but difficult to open.

For the following requirements, no connection construction is known from the prior art:

a. Locking is mechanical, b. Connecting structure contracts by itself in the main load direction c. Connection construction is easy to open, d. H. has a good feel

It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a connecting structure that meets all three requirements a to c at the same time.

This object is achieved with a mechanical-magnetic connection construction according to claim 1. This connection construction has two connection modules and is used to connect two elements, to each of which one of the connection modules can be fastened.

The connecting structure has the following features: A locking device having at least one spring locking element, which is arranged in one of the connection modules, and a movable locking piece for form-locking locking of the connection modules, which is arranged in the other connection module. The spring locking element is designed so that it is urged against the locking piece when closing the connecting structure. The spring locking element, the locking piece and the mutually contacting surface portions of the spring locking element and the locking piece are formed so that the spring locking element is deflected in a constructively fixed direction and snaps into the locking piece when the locking element and the locking piece to move relative to each other. It is clear to those skilled in the art that the use of the term "spring" is intended to describe only the property "resilient". As a result, all embodiments fall under which elastic materials are used. It is further clear that the "resilient" or the "elastic-see" property can also be assigned to the locking piece, wherein the resilient or elastic deflection of the locking piece is not identical to the displacement of the locking piece to open.

The locking piece and the locking element are designed so that the mechanical strength is sufficient depending on the actually occurring or possible loads.

Furthermore, the locking piece is movable so that it can be brought from an engagement position in which the spring locking element is in engagement with the locking piece in a disengaged position, in which the spring locking element is not in engagement with the locking piece. This combination of features will be explained in more detail below:

If the connection construction snaps together, there is a positive connection. In order to release the positive engagement, the movable locking piece is moved in a direction in which the locking piece is no longer in engagement with the spring locking element, that is, it is moved from the engagement position to the disengaged position. Is the locking piece z. As a rod and the spring locking element has a hook head, which is pressed against the rod when closing, then deflects the spring locking element and then snaps, with the hook head hooks behind the rod, that is in the engaged position.

As a further feature, the locking piece has a recess, hereinafter referred to as a gap. If the locking piece is displaced relative to the spring locking element so that the hook head and the gap are in opposition, no positive connection is no longer given, because the gap is dimensioned so that the hook head in the gap no support. It is clear to those skilled in the art that also the end of the locking piece has the effect of the gap described above, i. H. if no more locking piece is present, the example mentioned hook head can no longer find a hold. Furthermore, it is clear to the person skilled in the art that this displacement can also take place in a rotating or tilting manner.

The connection construction furthermore has a magnet armature construction, wherein the magnet is arranged in one of the connection modules and the armature is arranged in the other connection module. The magnetic force between armature and magnet is chosen so large that during the closing operation, the connecting modules are pulled apart from a predetermined minimum distance, whereby the spring locking element presses against the locking piece until it snaps into engagement. In other words, magnet and armature are dimensioned so that the spring force of the spring locking element is overcome. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that magnet-armature constructions can not consist of only a single magnet and a single armature. In the following, therefore, a magnet-armature constructions will be understood to mean any type of combination of magnets and anchors which at least attract each other, it being known to the person skilled in the art that the armature may consist of a ferromagnetic material or may also be a magnet. Certain magnetic anchor designs not only attract, but can also repel when opposing two magnetic poles of the same name. Unless special additional conditions apply, it does not matter if the magnet is moved relative to the armature or the armature is opposite to the magnet. It is also clear that the interaction between magnet and armature is the same as between two magnet attracting.

When the connection modules are connected, there is a mechanical lock and also a magnetic attraction. It should be noted, however, that magnetic attraction absorbs only a negligible part of the main load of the connection. The magnetic anchor construction almost exclusively serves to automatically close the connection.

So that when unplugging the magnet from the armature a pleasant touch mentioned above, connecting module 1 with the magnet and connection module 2 with the armature laterally shifted so far until the magnetic force is sufficiently weakened to easily separate the modules by hand , This is the case when the anchor surface opposite the magnet has become sufficiently small. It is clear that the displacement between the magnet and the armature can also be a twist or a pivoting.

The movable magnet is coupled to the locking piece, i. H. the term "coupled" not only means that the locking piece must be rigidly connected to the magnet, but also means a connection via a spring. If a driver displaces the locking piece, but this catch does not always rest on the locking piece, ie if a clearance is present, these relationships will be explained in more detail in the description of the exemplary embodiments.

The main feature of the invention is summarized below: If the magnet has been moved far enough from the armature so that the magnetic attraction between armature and magnet is sufficiently weak, the spring locking element is simultaneously in the gap of the locking piece, ie in the disengaged position. In this position, the connecting device is both mechanically unlocked and released magnetically. When unlocking mechanically, it was not necessary to the spring locking element move, ie the spring force of the spring locking element is overcome only when closing by the magnetic force, when opening the spring force is zero, since the spring locking element is not deflected.

Thus, it is understood that this connection structure has a particularly soft opening feel, because to open only the magnetic force must be weakened by the lateral displacement of the magnet and armature or canceled altogether. On the other hand, the connection construction in the composite state is as stable as a mechanical connection construction.

It is clear that when closing the connecting structure, the above-described position between locking piece and gap and between armature and magnet must not be present, ie when closing the locking piece and spring locking element must face each other so that it can come to snapping. On the other hand, when closing, the magnet and the armature must also be in a position in which the magnetic force between the magnet and the armature is strong enough to overcome the spring force of the spring locking element, so that the snap-action can take place. In other words, before connecting the connecting structure, it must be ensured that the locking structure and the magnet-armature construction are in their respective initial position, which makes it possible to contract and snap. This provision of the functional elements of the locking structure and the magnet-armature construction is effected by return means. The skilled worker is aware of how mechanical components can be brought from a position to a second position. All that needs to do is to apply a force to the component. In the present invention, preferably, the force of a return spring is used, which is biased when opening the connecting structure. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that this return spring must only be so strong as to urge the functional elements moved during opening back into their starting position. For this purpose, only a very small force is required, so that only a weak return spring is required, so that the aforementioned soft and pleasant feel is maintained. However, the provision can also be made magnetically. This effect is well-known to the person skilled in the art, so that only one possibility is explained by many: If an armature and a magnet adhere to one another, then this magnetic bond can be released, in which the armature is pushed off the magnet. If the attracting surfaces of magnet and armature are the same size, then the attracting surface portion decreases when the armature and magnet are laterally deported from each other. When pushing off a restoring force must be overcome, because magnet and armature are held by the magnetic force in the starting position. The smaller the friction between seeing the attracting surfaces, the greater the restoring force. This effect, which is known to the person skilled in the art, can be enhanced if the magnet and the armature have certain shapes and / or magnetizations. So z. B. clear that a triangular armature surface aligns with a suitable magnetization for a likewise triangular magnetic surface.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 2, the magnet-armature construction on a plurality of locking elements or a locking element with a plurality of locking portions. With this embodiment of the invention, it is z. B. possible to better distribute the attacking force.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 3, the magnet-armature construction on a coupling device which has a game in the direction of movement of the movable magnet, so that the locking piece is pulled by means of a stopper only in the direction of the magnet when the game is used up is. The advantage of this embodiment is that the displacement of the magnet from the armature can be greater than the distance that the locking piece must be moved until the gap is in opposition to the spring locking element. With this embodiment, connecting structure can be constructed in which the displacement of the magnet from the armature due to structural constraints must be greater than the path that the locking piece is moved.

According to an advantageous development of the invention according to claim 4, the magnetic anchor construction as a coupling device on a coupling spring whose Fe the force extends along the direction of movement of the magnet and the locking piece. The advantage of this embodiment is that with this combination of features a security against the opening of the connecting structure has been created under stress. The spring is dimensioned so that in the unloaded state of the mechanical locking device when moving the magnet via the coupling device and the locking piece is pulled along. In the loaded state, the frictional force between the spring locking element and the locking piece is greater than the spring force, ie, the magnet can, for. B. be moved by hand without the mechanical lock opens. If the mechanical lock is relieved in this state, the spring pulls or pushes the locking piece in the opening direction, so that the connection can be opened immediately.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 5, the magnetic anchor construction on a coupling device which has a game in the direction of movement of the movable magnet, so that the locking piece is pulled by means of a stop only in the direction of the magnet when the game is used up is. Furthermore, a Rückstellzugfeder is provided for the locking piece whose spring force extends along the direction of movement of the locking piece. When the magnet is displaced from the armature and the play of the coupling device is used up, the return spring is stretched. When the connection is released, magnet and armature pull in opposition and at the same time the locking piece is pulled to its original position.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 6, the magnet-armature construction on a coupling device which has a game in the direction of movement of the movable magnet, so that the locking piece is pulled by means of a stop only in the direction of the magnet when the game is used up is. Furthermore, a return spring for the locking piece is provided, whose spring force extends along the direction of movement of the locking piece. When the magnet is displaced from the armature and the play of the coupling device is used up, the return spring is compressed. When the connection is released, magnet and armature pull in opposition and at the same time the locking piece is pushed into its original position. From the dependent claims 3 to 6 will be apparent to those skilled in that there are a variety of combinations of this type, in which attacks, drivers and springs are used, but all subordinate to the same Erfindungsge- thank, so that the skilled person ever can select a suitable combination according to technical constraints, without requiring an inventive step. In particular, tension and compression springs can be combined.

According to an advantageous development of the invention according to claim 7, an operable by hand or by foot actuating device for moving the magnet or the armature is provided which is movably mounted in one of the two connection modules.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 8, a tangible object is provided on one of the connection modules, which can be placed by hand on the other connection module. This embodiment of the invention is suitable for. B. for connecting a bicycle lamp with the bicycle handlebar. In this case, the armature is directly connected to the object in one piece.

According to an advantageous development of the invention according to claim 9, the magnet-armature construction in a connection module at least one magnet and in the other connection module at least one ferromagnetic armature or poled on attraction magnet. This arrangement is preferred when a low cost connection is needed.

According to an advantageous development of the invention according to claim 10, the magnet-armature construction in a connection module on a magnet with two ferromagnetic baffles and in the other connection module on a ferromagnetic armature, wherein the baffles are arranged so that they are in magnetic operative relationship with the ferromagnetic armature and the magnet does not touch the anchor. This arrangement is preferred when a robust connection is needed because this magnetic anchor design is done no mechanical contact of the magnetic surface with the surface of the armature, so that damage to the sensitive magnetic surface is avoided, for example, during repeated displacement, even if foreign objects such. B. sand in between.

According to an advantageous development of the invention according to claim 11, the magnet-armature construction has in one connection module a magnet with a ferromagnetic baffle and in the other connection module a ferromagnetic armature, wherein the magnet and the baffles are arranged so that they are in magnetic operative relationship stand with the ferromagnetic anchor. This arrangement is preferred if the magnetic force is to be utilized particularly well, which is achieved by the bundling of the magnetic field lines in the magnetic guide plate.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 12, the magnet-armature construction in each connection module on a magnet with ferromagnetic baffles, wherein the baffles in the closed position are attractively opposite. This arrangement is preferred when a robust connection with a high tightening force is required in the closed state, and when at least low repulsion is desired when opening.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 13, the magnet-armature construction least each two opposing magnets which are both in a closed position of the connection in a tightening position and in the open position both in a repelling position. This arrangement is preferred when a connection with high tightening force in the closed state and high repulsion force is required when opening.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 14, the magnet-armature construction on a magnet arrangement in which in each connection module, a magnet and a ferromagnetic ferromagnetic anchor are arranged so that in the closed state, the magnets are in opposition to the anchor and in the open state on Repulsion poled magnets face each other. This arrangement is preferred if a cost-effective connection with high pulling force in the closed state and low repulsion force is required when opening.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of exemplary embodiments and associated drawings:

Fig. 1a - e shows a schematic diagram of the invention Fig. 1f shows a particular application of the invention

Fig. 2a-b shows a schematic diagram of the invention with a first special coupling device Fig. 3a - b shows a schematic diagram of the invention with a second special coupling device Fig. 4a - b shows a schematic diagram of the invention with a third special coupling device Fig. 5a - c shows a schematic diagram of the invention with a fourth special coupling device

Fig. 6 shows the invention in a first specific embodiment

Fig. 7 shows the invention in a further specific embodiment

Fig. 8 shows the invention in a further specific embodiment

Fig. 9 shows the invention in a further specific embodiment Fig. 10 shows the invention in a further specific embodiment Fig. 11 shows the invention in a further specific embodiment

Fig. 12 shows the invention in another specific embodiment. Fig. 13 shows the invention in another specific embodiment. Fig. 14 shows the invention in another specific embodiment. Fig. 15 shows the invention in another specific embodiment another special execution example

Fig. 17 shows the invention in another specific embodiment

List of Significant Signs

1. connection module

2. Connection module

3rd dividing line 4th magnet

5. locking piece

6th gap

7. Coupling device

7a. coupling plate

7b. coupling recess

7c. Coupling engagement piece

7d. coupling play

8. Anchor, anchor magnet

9. Spring locking element

9a. Locking piece of the spring locking element

9b. Spring section of the spring locking element

10a. Blocking piece return spring

10b. Magnetic return spring

10c. Magnetic locking piece coupling spring

With the schematic diagram in Fig. 1 a to 1 e, the general function of the invention will be described. Fig. 1 f shows a special function.

The reference symbols 1 and 2 designate the connection modules to be connected, which are separated by a dividing line 3 for the sake of clarity. Both connection modules are thus separated, d. H. spaced opposite.

The connecting module 1 consists of a magnet 4, a locking piece 5 with a gap 6. The locking piece 5 is connected via a coupling device 7 with the magnet 4.

The connection module 2 consists of a ferromagnetic armature 8 and a spring locking element 9, which has a locking piece 9a and a spring portion 9b. When the movable connection module 2 approaches the fixed connection module 1 in the direction of arrow A, a position according to FIG. 1b is achieved. In this position, the locking piece 9a is located on the locking piece 5 with an engagement surface 9c, which may be tapered. By means of the magnetic force F between the magnets 4 and 8, the resiliently held locking piece 9a is urged against the lower edge of the locking piece 5. The magnetic force F and the spring constant of the spring portion 9b are so dimensioned that the spring portion 9b springs back in the direction of the arrow, so that a position according to FIG. 1c is achieved.

In this intermediate position, the locking piece 9a slides back in the direction of the arrow. When it has reached the upper edge of the locking piece 5, the spring section 9b urges the locking piece 9a in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 1d.

In this position, the magnetic surface and the armature surface are in contact or close to each other and the locking piece 9a now lies on the surface of the locking piece 5, d. H. the lock is snapped shut. It is therefore no longer possible to pull the connection module 2 in the direction of arrow B, since the lock prevents this.

It should be emphasized that the magnetic force has no significant influence on the strength of the connection.

The release of the Verbindungsmoduie 1 and 2 from each other is shown in Fig. 1 e. For this purpose, the magnet 4 is pushed off laterally in the direction of arrow C from the armature 8. This performs two functions:

a. The spring locking element 9 is displaced so far that the locking piece 9a is opposed to the gap 6, whereby the lock is released, that is, the gap is so large that the locking piece 9a no longer stops, b. Due to the lateral displacement of the magnet 4 occurs a significant weakening of the magnetic force F, so that the armature is no longer or only weakly attracted by the magnet. These two functions cause a haptic pleasantly soft opening of the connection, since the at least greatly weakened magnetic force F does not occur for the magnetic closure otherwise so typical jerky separation.

After disconnecting the connection modules, the magnet-armature arrangement is returned to the starting position according to FIG. 1a by suitable measures which are still to be described, wherein it should be noted here that an automatic reset already takes place due to the magnetic property. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the degree of recovery depends on several factors, with magnet-armature friction being a significant factor.

Hereinafter, the coupling device 7 will be explained. The coupling device 7 is a rigid or an elastic connection between the magnet 4 and the locking piece 5. However, the coupling device 7 may also be a partially fixed and loose connection, d. H. a connection with a game.

First, it is assumed that the coupling device 7 is a rigid connection. In this case, the magnet 4, the coupling device 7 and the locking piece 5 are to be regarded as an integral body. As a result, the force application point of the displacement force Fv is arbitrary. In FIG. 1e, the displacement force Fv acts on the magnet 4.

If the coupling device 7 is a tension spring, then the force application point is no longer freely selectable, d. H. the force application point for the displacement force Fv must be selected on the magnet 4, as shown in Fig. 1e.

In Fig. 1f a particular general embodiment of the invention is shown, which will be explained in connection with Fig. 1e below. The coupling device 7 is a tension spring. From Fig. 1e it can be seen that with the displacement of the magnet 4 and the displacement of the locking piece 5 is carried out. In Fig. 1f, the connected connection modules 1 and 2 are under tensile stress in the direction B, ie the locking piece 5 and the locking piece 9a of the spring locking element are pressed together. By this surface pressure of the superimposed surface portions prevents the locking piece of the tension spring is pulled in the direction in which the magnet is displaced. Thus, there is a safety lock that can not be opened under load, since only the magnet is displaceable. The locking piece is blocked because the frictional force is greater than the spring force of the tension spring.

Finally, Figs. 1b 'and 1c' will be explained. It is clear to those skilled in the art that the function of the spring portion 9b can also be taken over by the locking piece 5, when the locking piece 5 by means of a spring portion 5a feathers can dodge in the direction of arrow. Also a combination is possible, d. H. It is provided both a spring portion 9b and a spring portion 5a. Thus, Figs. 1b 'and 1c' show the same functional stages as Figs. 1b and 1c.

The previous versions of the coupling device concerned the rigid and the elastic coupling device. If the coupling device is a connection with a game, the function can not be explained with the Fig. 1. For this purpose, the following figures are used.

FIGS. 2a-b show a special coupling device 7. Since the general function of the invention has already been described in FIG. 1, not all functional phases are subsequently depicted graphically. Fig. 2a shows a closed connection construction, d. H. this functional phase 2a corresponds to the functional phase in FIG. 1d.

The magnet 4 is connected via a coupling device 7 with the locking piece 5. The coupling device 7 has a clearance 7d along the direction of movement of the magnet when opening. From Fig. 2 it can be seen that a coupling engagement piece 7c, which is fixedly connected to the locking piece 5, engages in a Koppelaus- recess 7b. The coupling recess 7b is longer than the coupling engagement piece 7c, so that a coupling play 7d is formed. In Fig. 2a, the coupling engagement piece 7c is located at the left end of the coupling recess 7b. When the magnet 4 is displaced in the direction of the arrow, the coupling plate 7a with the coupling recess 7b likewise moves in this direction until the coupling engagement piece 7c bears against the right end of the coupling recess 7b, ie the coupling element 7c. game 7d was passed through without the locking piece moves. If the magnet is moved even further, the locking piece 5 is pulled along, so that as is known from Fig. 1e, the locking piece 9a is in opposition to the gap 6, in which the locking piece 9a no longer stops. Thus, the connection structure is opened, since both the positive locking is released, and the tightening force between the magnet 4 and the armature 8 is weakened or greatly weakened. This results in a haptic pleasant opening behavior when the connecting structure is opened by hand. A return to the starting position according to FIG. 2a takes place by suitable measures.

The advantage of these coupling devices with play is that the magnetic anchor construction can be constructed so that a particularly soft feel results by the distance of displacement of the magnet 4 is particularly long, while at the same time be smaller the distance of displacement of the locking piece can. This can e.g. be used advantageously for a closure in which several narrow spring locking elements are to be brought into coincidence with multiple gaps simultaneously to achieve a uniform tumbler.

FIGS. 3a-b show a further special coupling device 7. The general function has already been described according to FIG. 1 and the special effect of a coupling with play has been described according to FIG. In Fig. 3, the coupling recess 7b is much longer. In addition, a return spring 10 is coupled to the locking piece 5, which is stretched when moving the magnet 4, when the coupling play 7 d is used up. After opening the connecting structure, d. H. after unlocking, the Sperrstück- return spring 10a pulls the locking piece 5 back.

The advantage of this coupling devices with game is a very reliable return in the closed position regardless of magnetic return, it is used for example for safety belt buckles.

FIGS. 4a-b show a further special coupling device 7. The general function has already been described according to FIG. 1 and the special effect of a coupling with play has been described according to FIG. In addition, a magnet return spring 10 b is coupled to the magnet 4, which is compressed when moving the magnet 4. After opening the connecting structure, ie after unlocking, the magnet return spring 10b presses the magnet back over the coupling device 7 and thus also the locking piece 5 again when the coupling play 7d has been used up.

The advantage of this coupling devices with game is that when approaching the modules, the magnets are always in the position of maximum attraction and thus pull each other particularly effective. It is used for poorly accessible closures, which should be as little as possible to each other to be performed.

FIGS. 5a-c show a further special coupling device 7.

The general function has already been described according to FIG. 1 and the special effect of a coupling with play has been described according to FIG. This connection construction relates to a safety function against opening under load, as already described in Fig. 1f. FIG. 5a shows the closed connection construction under load, d. H. the locking piece 9a is pressed in the direction of arrow on the locking piece 5. Between the locking piece 5 and the magnet 4, a magnetic locking piece coupling spring 10c is arranged. When the magnet 4 according to FIG. 5b is displaced in the direction of the arrow, the magnetic locking piece coupling spring 10c expands, while the locking piece 5 is held in its position by means of the locking piece 9a. When the force F in the direction of arrow B is omitted, pulls the magnetic locking piece coupling spring 10c, the locking piece 5 to the left, so that the locking piece 9a is no longer engaged. The return of the locking piece 5 to the right via the left end portion of the coupling recess 7b.

The advantage of this coupling devices with play is the described prevented opening under load. It is used for fasteners in the mountaineer or Y- achtbedarf for secure connection of loaded straps, ropes, ropes, etc. The principle illustrations from FIGS. 1 to 5 are described below in specific exemplary embodiments. As far as possible, it is indicated in the specific embodiments on which the basic representations of FIGS. 1 to 5 are based on the particular embodiment concerned.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that the movements of the magnet and the locking piece and other elements is not limited to a straight-line movement. However, the rectilinear motion is best suited for explanation, so that in the description of the schematic diagram of the invention in FIGS. 1 to 5, the straight-line movement was selected. It is also clear to the person skilled in the art that there are a large number of variants with regard to the arrangement of coupling devices and their design, solely by the combination of the variants shown, so that a person skilled in the art can find suitable combinations or modifications as needed without himself being inventive to have to.

In the following two specific embodiments, the movement of the magnet is rectilinear.

Fig. 6 shows a closure for bags or satchels. Fig. 6a shows a perspective view of the essential components. The closure consists of the connection modules 1 and 2, which are attached to the bag. In principle, the attachment can be done in various ways, for. B. by sewing, gluing, riveting or screwing. On the type of mounting options is not indicated in the following embodiments, since it is clear to the expert how such products are attached. The connection module 1 is designed as a plug with a longitudinally extending wedge-shaped plug-in section 11. In the plug portion 11, a fixed locking piece 5 is formed with a gap 6. The spring locking element 9 is shown separately and is inserted into the spring locking element receiving opening 12 in the arrow direction. The magnets are shown in the next views.

Fig. 6b shows sectional views of two sectional views AA, from which it can be seen how the two connection modules lock. In the sectional view AA-1 is the spring locking element 9 on the locking piece 5. This corresponds to the functional phase in FIG. 1b. In the sectional view AA-2, the spring locking element 9 is already bent back. This corresponds to the functional phase in FIG. 1c.

The position of the magnets and anchors made of ferromagnetic material can be seen from the longitudinal section B - B. The skilled person will appreciate that the armatures 8 can also be magnets. The position of the magnets and the armature is to be determined by the person skilled in the art so that in the illustrated sectional view B - B the two connecting modules are pulled together, ie. H. There must be either two attracting magnets or a magnet and an anchor facing each other. If z. B. the magnets 4a and 4b also anchor magnets 8a and 8b are attractively opposite, then the magnets 4 and the armature magnets 8 are poled ungleichnamig. When the magnets 4 and the armature magnets 8 are shifted from each other, then two magnetic poles of the same name face each other, which cause a repulsion, which is described when disconnecting the connection modules.

Fig. 6c shows the same view as Fig. 6b, but it is seen from the Schnittan- see A-A, that the spring locking element 9 is locked with the locking piece 5. Thus, the connection is closed. It should be mentioned that the spring locking element 9 is fully supported in the supporting region 13 and is loaded almost exclusively under pressure when the connecting structure is loaded, resulting in a very high stability of the connecting construction.

Fig. 6d shows the opening phase, in which the connection module 2 is shifted to the left. Thus lies the spring locking element 9 in the gap 6 and is thus no longer engaged. At the same time, the magnet-armature construction 4/8 was moved by the displacement of the module 2. In this Fig. 6d it is shown that behind the magnet nor Magnetleitplatten are arranged, These serve in this example for improved utilization of the magnetic force by the short circuit of the rear exiting magnetic fields and schir- pocket contents such as credit cards against unwanted magnetic fields.

Fig. 7 also shows a closure for bags or satchels or similar applications. This closure is also opened by a linear displacement. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the locking elements which bring about the positive engagement are designed as a so-called clamping closure, the function of which is explained below:

In the connection module 1, the locking piece 5 is arranged with the gap 6, which will be explained in more detail with the following figures. In the connection module 2, the spring locking element 9 is included. FIG. 7a shows a sectional drawing in a plane B-B whose position is shown in FIG. 7b. The locking pieces 5 are rounded thickenings of webs. Among these are the likewise rounded executed locking pieces of the spring locking elements 9a in positive engagement in matching coolers. The spring locking elements 9 rest on the inclined surface Y on the connection module 2. Under load is now achieved with suitable geometry of the inclined surface Y, the locking pieces 9a and the locking pieces 5 a self-reinforcing under load, clamping positive engagement.

FIG. 7c shows the closure in a sectional view in the plane B-B after displacement of the connecting module 1. The spring locking element 9 lies in the gap 6 and is thus no longer in engagement. At the same time, the displacement of module 2 also displaced magnet-armature construction 4/8.

Fig. 7d shows the closure after opening. 7e shows a sectional view in plane D-D, in which the position and polarity of the magnet-armature construction is visible. In this embodiment, 4a, 8a and 4a, 4b are two in the closed position mutually attracting pairs of magnets that are recognizable in the displacement as shown in Fig. 7f recognizable partially repellent and support the opening of the closure. Magnetic plates are also provided in this embodiment, which serve to improve the utilization of the magnetic force by the short circuit of the rear exiting magnetic fields and the shielding of the magnets or armature 4.8 to the contents of the bag to z. B. Do not damage credit cards. Fig. 7g shows the spring locking element in a perspective view. Four locking pieces 9a are integrally connected via spring portions 9b. FIG. 7h shows the connection module 1 with the blocking pieces 5 and the gaps 6 arranged on the webs. FIG. 7i shows the connection module 2 with the recesses for the spring locking element 9. FIG. 7k shows the connection module 1 and 2 with the locking element 9 in perspective View.

Fig. 8 also shows a closure for bags or satchels or similar applications. In this closure, the two connection modules 1 and 2 are no longer linearly shifted from each other, but rotated concentrically to each other. This rotation is done with an actuator that is movable by hand. The mutually rotatable magnetic armature construction is pivotable from a tightening position to an open position. Depending on whether a magnet is placed in opposition with a ferromagnetic armature, or with a magnet oppositely oriented, either the tightening force is only weakened, or a repulsive force is generated which forces the connecting modules apart.

In Fig. 8a, the round locking piece 5 is shown with the gap 6 and the actuator. Furthermore, two spring locking elements 9a, 9b are provided. The effect of the lock can be taken from FIG. 8b. The section A-A-1 shows how the spring locking element 9a, 9b rests against the locking piece 5. In section AA-2 is shown how the magnetic force has overcome the spring force of the spring locking element, so that magnet and armature are close together and the spring locking element 9a, 9b is locked with the locking piece 5. The unlocking can be removed from FIG. 8c. In section AA can be seen that the spring locking element 9a, 9b is no longer locked to the locking piece 5, but is in the gap 6 of the circular locking piece. Thus, the positive connection is canceled. This position was achieved by pivoting the actuator. At the same time, the gnet and the armature pivoted to each other, so that the magnetic holding force has been weakened. If there are two repulsive magnets, the shutter will pop up.

Fig. 9 shows a closure that is designed for a satchel and has a particularly soft feel. The mechanical structure is only partially similar to the previous embodiment. Also in this embodiment, the magnet is rotated relative to the armature for opening. Fig. 9a shows the individual components in an exploded view. In contrast to the preceding embodiment, a novel spring locking element 9 is used. This spring locking element 9 is annular, wherein the ring forms the spring portion 9b. In contrast, two locking pieces 9a1 and 9a2 are connected to the ring, that is, the spring locking element 9 is integrally formed. On the locking pieces 9a1 and 9a2 is in each case a bevel 9c, which is identical to the chamfer 9c of FIG. 1. FIG. 9b shows in the sectional view AA-1, the two closure halves in the opposite position in the unlocked state. It can be seen that the locking piece 5, the chamfer 9c not yet touched. By the magnetic force, the shutter halves are contracted again, whereby the locking piece 5, the locking pieces 9a1 and 9a1 presses over chamfers apart, so that the shutter snaps, as shown in the sectional view AA-2. The peculiarity of this construction is that the spring portion 9b is a very soft spring. As a result, no large magnetic force is required for locking. When the closure is pulled in the direction of the arrow, the locking pieces 9a1 and 9a1 are loaded only for shearing. If the locking pieces are sufficiently thick, a heavy-duty but nevertheless very easily closing lock is created. In Fig. 9c, the unlocked state is shown in the sectional view A-A, in which the locking pieces 9a1 and 9a2 lie in the respective gap. This position was achieved by pivoting the actuator. At the same time, the magnet and the armature were pivoted to each other, so that the magnetic holding force was weakened. If there are two repulsive magnets, the shutter will pop up. Fig. 9d shows a modification of the annular spring locking element 9. The same bending softness of the annular spring can also with the two semicircular Einzelfedem shown in Fig. 9 can be achieved. The installation of these springs is shown in Fig. 9 e. In comparison, Fig. 9f shows a single annular spring locking element and Fig. 9g shows the built-in annular spring locking element.

Fig. 10 shows a modified closure to Fig. 9, which can also be used for a satchel. Fig. 10 a shows the individual components in an exploded view. In contrast to the previous embodiment, a novel spring locking element is used. 10 b shows a perspective view of a first embodiment. Two locking pieces of the spring locking element are connected to each other via two corrugated leaf spring. Between the leaf springs, a fork-like guide is formed. The end portions of the locking pieces are chamfered. These and the following embodiment are very rigid. A similar embodiment is shown in FIG. 10 c, but the spring force is greater than in the embodiment according to FIG. 10 b when the same spring material is used. Another similar embodiment is shown in Fig. 10d, wherein a fork-like spring is spread by a wedge-like counterpart. Fig. 10 e shows a cross-section of the closure and in particular the position and arrangement of the spring locking element, which is arranged in the closure center under the magnet armature system. This allows the closure to be made smaller. When the connection modules are brought together, the edges of the annular locking piece 5 press on the inclined surfaces of the locking pieces 9a of the spring locking element 9, whereby it is compressed, so that the locking piece locks with the locking pieces, as shown in Fig. 10 f. About the knob, the locking piece is rotated, so that the two gaps in the locking piece in opposing position with the locking pieces, whereby the lock is released. 10 g shows a sectional view of the closure and the position of the cutting plane. 10 h shows perspective views of the connection module, in which the spring locking element is arranged, with a plan view and a view from below, wherein in the view from below the spring locking element with two corrugated springs can be seen. In Fig. 10 i are two perspective views of Connection module shown in which the rotatable locking piece is arranged with the gaps 6.

Fig. 11 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which the Federver- locking elements 9 are designed as separate spring jaws, which are movably mounted in the connecting module, as shown in FIGS. 11 a to 11 c can be seen. Fig. 11d shows the assembled state. The pressure-loaded locking pieces are particularly stable.

Fig. 12 shows a clamp closure for use as a fixation for ice picks, hiking poles and the like on backpacks or bags or for other closure applications in conjunction with a sewn on the backpack strap o.dergleichen, which is mounted in the slot on connection module 1. He has similar to Fig. 7 a clamping, self-reinforcing positive engagement, but in which the magnet-armature construction is moved in rotation. Fig. 12a shows the closed state in which the bead-shaped locking pieces 5a, 5b are in positive engagement with the locking element 9. The construction and the function can be taken from FIGS. 12 b to 12 e.

Fig. 13 shows a hose coupling whose advantage is that it contracts by the magnetic force by itself and thus seals well. The basic constructive structure can be taken from the drawings 13a to 13h.

Fig. 14 shows a coupling according to the same inventive principle, but wherein the gap 6 is formed four times. The locking piece is coupled via a magnet by means of a stop with play. If 2 pairs of magnets are used in the rotatable closure, the opening angle must be 90 ° - 180 ° for opening, advantageously 120 °. If 4 spring locking elements are used for better tumbler, the opening angle for moving the gap must be 90 ° - x = advantageously about 60 °. In the illustrated embodiment, the movement of magnet and locking piece is coupled via an indirect coupling with about 60 ° play, so that closing and opening position are synchronous. In addition, this embodiment is an example of a resilient Execution of the locking piece and an elastic deformation of locking piece and spring. The construction can be taken from FIGS. 14a to 14c.

Fig. 15 shows a Kippschnalle, in which a further form of the direction of movement, which was previously formed linear and rotating, is implemented. The basic structure and the function can be taken from FIGS. 15a to 15d, wherein FIGS. 15b to d show an unlocked position, a closed position and an opening process, in which the magnet / armature magnet system pivots against each other and thereby on Repulsion is poled. At the same time, the buckle is unlocked via the gap in the locking piece.

16 a-f show a closure, in particular for bags, wherein the connecting module 1 is mounted in the edge region and the closure is opened by a tilting raising of the front edge. As in FIG. 15, the magnet-armature system is pivoted relative to one another. For better guidance, a bearing of the two connection modules in an axis 30 and abutments 31a, b is provided. This bearing is advantageously designed so that the abutment released the axis only after pivoting.

Fig. 17 af shows a further embodiment of the tilting buckle similar to Fig. 15, in which the spring locking element with springs 9b and locking piece 9a advantageously further developed by the bent part of the locking spring 9c serves as an insertion aid when inserting the plug into the housing, the sensitive, resilient Locking pieces 9a are protected inside and the locking element is advantageously supported under load on the housing interior and the positive connection is reinforced.

It is clear to the person skilled in the art that further embodiments of the invention are possible in that the connecting modules are either displaced against each other as a whole in each movement mode, ie rotated, tilted or pushed, or moved against each other via an actuating device, ie magnet or armature movable in a connecting module are stored. The application of the invention according to claim 1 shown in the different embodiments is summarized below:

The closing and opening phases run in a cycle:

Shut down:

Phase 1: During the approach, d. H. in the effective range of the magnetic forces, the closure halves strive laterally in the closed position with maximum attraction.

Phase 2: Magnetic force in closed position with max attraction overcomes snap lock.

To open:

Phase 3: Magnetic force is weakened by lateral displacement of magnet and armature.

Phase 4: Together with this displacement, the snap-in closure is opened differently in the closing process, i. H. The locking elements are not bent, but the snap lock is disengaged by a lateral displacement, d. H. There is no force needed to bend the locking elements.

The following forces act in the circuit described: Phase 1: Magnetic force acts on each other and on the side Phase 2: Magnetic force overcomes cogging force over a short distance

Phase 3: Operator causes a gradual overcoming of the magnetic force over a longer distance due to displacement force, resulting in a pleasant haptic. Phase 4: The detent is released without effort by the lateral displacement

Claims

claims

1. A mechanical-magnetic connection construction for connecting two elements, to each of which one of the connection modules 1, 2 can be fastened, wherein the connection modules have the following features:

- A locking device with - at least one spring locking element 9, which is arranged in one of the connection modules and

a movable locking piece 5 for positive locking of the connecting modules, which is arranged in the other connecting module,

- a magnetic anchor construction with

- At least one magnet 4, which is arranged in one of the connection modules and

- at least one armature 8, which is arranged in the other connection module, wherein

- The locking device and the magnet-armature construction are in operative connection by the following features:

a. the magnet 4 and the armature 8 are laterally displaceable relative to each other and designed so that a weakening of the magnetic force occurs, the further the magnet and armature are moved against each other,

b. the magnet 4 or the armature 8 is coupled to the locking piece 5 via a coupling device 7, so that in the lateral displacement between magnet 4 and armature 8, the locking piece 5 of a

- Engagement position in which the spring locking element 9 is in engagement with the locking piece 5, in a Non-engagement position is movable, in which the spring locking element 9 is no longer in engagement with the locking piece 5,

c. the magnetic force is designed so that - when closing the connection modules are pulled from a predetermined minimum distance to each other, whereby the spring locking element 9 urges against the locking piece 5 until it snaps into engagement and

- During the opening operation after reaching the disengaged position between locking piece 5 and spring locking element 9, the magnetic force is sufficiently weakened to separate the modules and

d. there are return means provided at least for returning the locking piece 5 in the starting position, in which the spring locking element can be brought into engagement with the locking piece.

2. Mechanical-magnetic connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of locking elements or a locking element are provided with a plurality of locking portions.

3. Mechanical-magnetic connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling device in the direction of movement of the movable magnet has a game, so that the locking piece is pulled by means of a stopper only in the direction of the magnet when the game is used up.

4. Mechanical-magnetic connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling device is a coupling spring whose spring force extends along the direction of movement of the magnet and the locking piece, wherein the spring force and the frictional force between the locking piece and the spring locking element are dimensioned so that under load of the connecting device, the frictional force is greater than the spring force.

5. Mechanical-magnetic connection construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling device in the direction of movement of the wegbaren magnet has a game, so that the locking piece is pulled by a stop in the direction of the magnet only when the game is used up and that a return spring is provided, the return spring force extends along the direction of movement of the magnet and the locking piece, so that the locking piece is retracted after opening the connecting structure to its original position.

6. Mechanical-magnetic connection construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling device in the direction of movement of the movable magnet has a game, so that the locking piece is pulled by means of a stop only in the direction of the magnet when the game is used up and that a return spring is provided, the return spring force extends along the direction of movement of the magnet and the locking piece, so that the locking piece is pushed after opening the connecting structure in its initial position.

7. Mechanical-magnetic connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a manually or by foot movable actuator is provided which is connected to the magnet-armature construction so that the magnet is movable relative to the armature and the moving part is movably mounted in one of the two connection modules.

8. Mechanical-magnetic connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the connection modules is an object which can be placed on the other connection module and for removing so movable that between the magnet and armature relative movement is effected.

9. Mechanical-magnetic connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnet-armature construction in a connection module at least one magnet and in the other connection module at least a. a ferromagnetic anchor or b. having a magnetic poled on attraction.

10. Mechanical-magnetic connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnet-armature construction in a connection module comprises a magnet with two ferromagnetic ferromagnetic guide plates and in the other connection module has a ferromagnetic armature, wherein the guide plates are arranged so that they are in magnetic operative relationship stand with the ferromagnetic anchor.

11. A mechanical-magnetic connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnet-armature construction comprises in one connection module a magnet with a ferromagnetic baffle and in the other connection module a ferromagnetic armature, wherein the magnet and the baffles are arranged so that they are in magnetic association with the ferromagnetic anchor.

12. Mechanical-magnetic connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnet-armature construction in each connection module has a magnet with ferromagnetic guide plates, wherein the guide plates are attractively opposite and can be brought into mechanical contact.

13. A mechanical-magnetic connection construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnet-armature construction comprises a magnet arrangement with at least two each opposite magnets, which are in the closed position of the compound in a tightening position and in the open position in a repelling position.

14. Mechanical-magnetic connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnet-armature construction comprises a magnet arrangement in which in each connection module, a magnet and a ferromagnetic anchor are arranged so that in the closed state, the magnets are in opposition to the anchor and in the open state, the magnets polarized on rejection face each other.