EP2040267B1 - Stromkabel, das gegen die fortpflanzung von lichtbögen resistent ist - Google Patents

Stromkabel, das gegen die fortpflanzung von lichtbögen resistent ist Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2040267B1
EP2040267B1 EP08161480.2A EP08161480A EP2040267B1 EP 2040267 B1 EP2040267 B1 EP 2040267B1 EP 08161480 A EP08161480 A EP 08161480A EP 2040267 B1 EP2040267 B1 EP 2040267B1
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Prior art keywords
layer
ribbon
polyimide
mica
ptfe
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2040267A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Ferlier
Pascal Clouet
Rui Manuel Da Silva
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Nexans SA
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Nexans SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/04—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances mica
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/303—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups H01B3/38 or H01B3/302
    • H01B3/306—Polyimides or polyesterimides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric cable, and typically but not exclusively applies to electrical cables used in aeronautics, for example on board aircraft.
  • This type of electric cable must satisfy many criteria necessary for its use in aeronautics, especially when it is placed in the conditions of a fire.
  • a safety criterion is to allow the electric cable to continue to operate at high temperatures of the order of 1100 ° C for a minimum period of time, generally of the order of 5 to 15 minutes, without fusion of its electrical conductor, neither spreading the fire, nor resisting vibrations and splashing of water or extinguishing fluids, while ensuring the electrical continuity of the circuits and maintaining a minimum insulation resistance in the flame , generally of the order of 10,000 ohms.
  • a newer criterion requires proper operation of the electrical safety cable when assembled with other electrical cables to form a harness.
  • the document FR 2,573,910 discloses an electrical cable for aeronautics comprising an electrical conductor surrounded by a first layer consisting of two windings of a mica ribbon.
  • thermostable polymer which may consist for example of a tape of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or a polyimide resin.
  • this second layer is covered with an intermediate layer of glass fibers, as well as an outer layer of the same nature as the second layer.
  • This safety criterion makes it possible to guarantee a sufficient resistance of the insulation of said cable in order to avoid the triggering and the propagation of electric arcs between the electric cables on the one hand and / or between electric cables and a conductive structure of somewhere else.
  • the technical problem to be solved, by the object of the present invention is to propose an electric cable making it possible to avoid the problems of the state of the art, in particular by offering resistance to the propagation of an electric arc satisfying the requirements of the present invention.
  • the Applicant has surprisingly found that for a given section range of electrical conductors, a specific heat treatment of the first layer combined with a ratio R of the linear density of PTFE on the sum of the linear masses of the polymeric binder and the polyimide allows to withstand the spread of dry electric arc to more than 75%, according to standards NF EN 3475-604 and EN 2346-005.
  • the electrical cable advantageously retains a very good fire resistance and ensures the electrical continuity of the circuits optimally, while having a relatively small weight and diameter, to meet the criteria required in aeronautics.
  • the heat treatment of the first layer is carried out for a period t greater than 30% by the time t 0 necessary for the degassing of the first layer, preferably said duration t is from minus 1 minute.
  • the mica ribbon comprises at most 20% by weight of polymeric binder, preferably the mica ribbon comprises 13% by weight of polymeric binder.
  • the polymeric binder is a silicone resin.
  • the percentage of recovery of a tape of mica on itself during its winding and / or a polyimide tape on itself during its winding is at most 49%.
  • This rate advantageously makes it possible to guarantee an optimized ratio R and thus to improve the resistance to the propagation of electric arc by combining it with the minimum adapted quantity of PTFE.
  • the second layer comprises a single winding of a polyimide tape.
  • the third layer comprises at least two windings of a PTFE tape.
  • the mica particles are of the phlogopite type.
  • the polyimide tape comprises a polyimide layer coated on each side with a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) coating.
  • FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer
  • the FEP coatings make it possible to obtain adhesion between the overlaps and / or the coils respectively of the polyimide tape (s) on the one hand, and the adhesion of the second layer with the third layer on the other hand .
  • the second layer is heat-treated at a temperature above the melting temperature of the FEP layers.
  • the third layer may also be heat treated at a temperature greater than 340 ° C., thus allowing the sintering of the PTFE and the adhesion between the overlaps and / or the windings respectively of the PTFE tape (s).
  • the heat treatment of the second layer can be carried out simultaneously with the heat treatment of the third layer.
  • the electrical cable further comprises an outer layer (surface) capable of being marked.
  • the third layer further comprises said outer layer, the latter preferably being a PTFE tape comprising white pigments of titanium dioxide.
  • Another object of the present invention is an electrical harness comprising at least one electrical cable as defined above.
  • the harness includes several electrical cables according to the present invention, said electrical cables forming an assembly covered with a protective sheath of mechanical protection type well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the protective sheath comprises one or more metal braids of copper or steel.
  • Said protective sheath may also be covered by a braid of abrasion-resistant and non-fire-resistant textile material, for example of the aromatic polyamide type.
  • the figure 1 schematically shows a structure, in perspective, of an electric cable 1 according to the present invention.
  • This electric cable 1 comprises an electrical conductor 2, for example copper or copper alloy coated with a layer of nickel, whose mass comprises at least 27% nickel, generally of the multi-strand type.
  • Said electrical conductor 2 is surrounded by a first layer 3, said first layer 3 comprising at least one winding of a mica ribbon, preferably a single winding of a mica ribbon.
  • the mica ribbon is typically composed of particles (or flakes) of mica deposited via a polymeric binder on a glass fiber type support generally woven but may be nonwoven.
  • the mica may be of the muscovite or phlogopite type, and for example, the polymeric binder may be of the silicone resin, polyimide, polyamide-imide type or any other type of thermostable polymer.
  • the first layer 3 is surrounded by a second layer 4, said second layer 4 comprising at least one winding of a polyimide tape, preferably a single winding of a polyimide tape.
  • the second layer 4 is surrounded by a third layer 5, said third layer 5 comprising at least one winding of a PTFE tape, preferably the PTFE tape being free of pigments.
  • the outer (superficial) layer of the third layer 5 may advantageously comprise a pigmented PTFE layer, the pigment being, for example, titanium dioxide, in order to allow UV laser marking of the surface of this outer layer.
  • the successive windings of the ribbons are in the opposite direction to avoid mishandling during the manufacture of said cable.
  • the recovery rate of each mica tape on itself and each polyimide tape on itself is at most 49% (recovery coefficient Kr of at most 0.49).
  • This recovery ratio advantageously makes it possible to guarantee a ratio R (linear density of PTFE on the sum of the linear masses of polymeric binder and polyimide) optimized and adapted to the section of the electrical conductor (electrical core), or in other words to limit the linear masses of the first and second layers, and thus improves the resistance to the propagation of electric arc of the electric cable.
  • the laying of the second and third layers may comprise a heat treatment step.
  • the electrical conductor thus isolated is heat-treated in an oven at a temperature of at least 400 ° C. This is the thermal degradation step of the mica ribbon, including its polymeric binder.
  • this heat treatment is performed for a time t greater than at least 30% to the time t 0 required for degassing said ribbon.
  • the time t 0 required for degassing is generally determined experimentally and degassing is typically carried out at a temperature of about 340 ° C.
  • t 0 is determined from the moment when the layers deposited above the layer to be degassed no longer "blister” under the effect of gases released when the upper layers are heat-treated ("firing"). at a temperature of at least 340 ° C.
  • the degassing makes it possible to limit the residual volatile compounds in the first layer, these compounds being able to create insulation defects during subsequent stages of heat treatment, such as, for example, the heat treatment of the second and third layers.
  • this heat treatment also makes it possible to facilitate obtaining a sufficient resistance (greater than 75%) to the electric arc propagation of the electric cable when the temperature is at least 400 ° C. .
  • an electrical conductor with a section of 0.6 mm 2 , insulated with a first layer comprising a single winding of a mica ribbon is passed through an oven 8 meters long at six zones. of heating of identical length, the six heating zones respectively having the following successive temperatures: 340 ° C - 400 ° C - 400 ° C - 450 ° C - 450 ° C - 450 ° C.
  • the time required for the degassing of the mica ribbon is typically 40 seconds (t 0 ), which is a rate of passage in the oven 8 meters in length of 12 meters per minute.
  • At least 30% of t 0 at least a time t of about 1 minute is obtained, ie a rate of passage in the oven of 8 meters per minute.
  • the mica ribbon reaches at least the temperature of 400 ° C.
  • the mica tape With a passage in said oven for 40 seconds (t 0 ), the mica tape can reach a temperature of the order of 340 ° C.
  • the electrical conductor thus isolated may be heat-treated in an oven at a temperature above the melting temperature of the outer layers of FEP of the polyimide tape.
  • FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer
  • this melting temperature is greater than 260 ° C. This is the step of heat sealing the second layer.
  • the electrical conductor thus isolated can be heat-treated in an oven at a temperature of temperature above the melting temperature of PTFE, ie at a temperature of 342 ° C to sinter PTFE.
  • the steps of rubannage of the second and third layers are carried out one after the other and are followed by a single step of heat treatment of the second and third layers at a temperature greater than 340 ° C. more preferably 342 ° C.
  • the second and third layers are thus simultaneously heat treated.
  • this single heat treatment step which comprises the heat-sealing step of the polyimide and the step of the sintering step of the PTFE, it ensures the adhesion of all the thicknesses of ribbons respectively of the second and third layers between them (overlaps and windings) as well as adhesion between the second and third layers.
  • the electrical cable may advantageously comprise an outer layer for marking, preferably UV laser marking, of the electric cable according to the present invention.
  • This outer layer can surround the third layer, but it can be included in the third layer as such, or in other words the outer layer is also a winding of a PTFE tape, the latter being however laser markable UV.
  • a pigmented PTFE tape preferably comprising white titanium dioxide pigments in an amount of at most 5% by weight of said PTFE tape.
  • titanium dioxide pigments can be harmful vis-à-vis the resistance to the propagation of the electric arc.
  • Tables 1a and 1b below detail various structures of electric cables whose resistance to the propagation of dry electric arc as well as that the ratio R of linear density of PTFE on the sum of the linear masses of the polymeric binder and the polyimide were studied.
  • Tables 1a and 1b show from top to bottom the succession of different ribbons of the first, second and third layers which constitute the electric cable (or insulated electric wire).
  • the first, second and third layers of the electrical cables DW24A to DW14C referenced in Tables 1a and 1b were heat treated according to the manufacturing method described above, except the first layer of the electric cable DW20A.
  • the mica ribbon is a Cablosam 366 20-80 tape, marketed by the company Von Roll-Isola, with a thickness of the order of 0.1 mm.
  • This ribbon comprises phlogopite mica particles and a quantity of 13% by weight of polymeric binder of the silicone resin type, or in other words it comprises 17 g / m 2 of silicone resin for a total mass of 130 mica ribbon. g / m 2 .
  • the polyimide tape (or fluorinated adhesive polyimide tape) is a polyimide tape 616, marketed by DuPont de Nemours. These polyimide tapes comprise a 0.025 mm thick polyimide film coated on each of its faces with a FEP resin layer of 0.0015 to 0.0025 mm thick. The amount of polyimide is 76.5% by weight of said tape.
  • Tables 2a and 2b below show the ratio R of the linear density of PTFE on the sum of the linear masses of silicone resin and polyimide as well as the resistance to the dry electric arc propagation of the various electrical cables of Tables 1a. and 1 b.
  • ⁇ b> ⁇ u> Table 2a ⁇ / u> ⁇ /b> Electric cable DW24A DW20A DW20B DW20C DW20D Collateral damage 13% 44% 20% 16% 4% Resistance to the propagation of the electric arc 87% 56% 80% 84% 96% Report R 3.44 8.1 8.1 11.9 14.9 Electric cable DW14A DW14B DW14C Collateral damage 67% 20% 12% Resistance to the propagation of the electric arc 33% 80% 88% Report R 9.1 13 15.5
  • the mass of each of the layers of PTFE (PTFE tape), polymeric binder (mica tape), and polyimide (polyimide tape (s)) is obtained by calculating the area occupied. by each layer and multiplying it by the density of each layer, respectively.
  • the mass of PTFE is calculated before the so-called "sintering" cooking operation which leads to a contraction of 25% of the radial thickness of unsintered PTFE.
  • the mass of polyimide is calculated by multiplying the mass of the polyimide tape having on each side a layer of fluorinated adhesive (FEP), and multiplying this mass by the polyimide content of said tape.
  • the inside diameter is equal to the diameter of the conductor.
  • ER Thickness of the ribbon in mm 1 - recovery Kr of the ribbon %
  • the calculation of the ratio R concerning the electrical cable DW20D is detailed below, the calculation method being identical for the other types of electrical cables DW described in Tables 1a and 1b.
  • the diameter of the electrical conductor of the electric cables referenced in Tables 1a and 1b is detailed in Table 3 below.
  • Table 3 ⁇ / u> ⁇ /b> Electric cable Electrical conductor section (mm 2 ) Number of wires Diameter of each conductor wire (mm) Maximum diameter of the electrical conductor (mm) DW24 0.25 19 0.12 0.62 DW20 0.60 19 0.20 1.04 DW14 2.0 37 0.25 1.82
  • the first layer is a first layer
  • the second layer is a first layer
  • the third layer is the third layer.
  • This test consisted in successively submitting 18 bundles of 7 electric cables each (of a length of 0.5 m) at 6 different intensities of short-circuit current, 3 of the 18 bundles being tested at the same intensity for the reproducibility of the test .
  • Collateral damage is the ratio of the number of electrical cables damaged by the electric arc to the total number of electrical cables that have not been voluntarily damaged subjected to the test.
  • the collateral cables of the bundle are subjected to a tensile strength test in water according to the method of the standard EN 3475-302, for a duration and at an alternating voltage value defined by the standard EN 2346- 005.
  • the electric cables according to the present invention have a fire resistance higher than the requirements of the standard EN 2346-005, namely the insulation resistance of the electric cable in the flame for 15 minutes (according to NF EN 3475- 408) or for 5 minutes (according to prEN 3475-417) must be greater than 10,000 Ohms.
  • the NF EN 3475-408 fire resistance test carried out on the electrical cable DW20D of Table 1a gives an insulation resistance of between 64,000 and 242,000 ohms.
  • the prEN 3475-417 fire resistance test performed on the electrical cable DW20D of Table 1a according to different harness configurations gives an insulation resistance of between 54,000 and 2,300,000 ohms.
  • the present invention is not limited to the examples of electric cables which have just been described and generally relates to all electrical cables that can be envisaged from the general indications provided in the description of the invention.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Stromkabel, umfassend:
    - einen von einer ersten Schicht, die mindestens eine Wicklung eines Micabands umfasst, umschlossenen elektrischen Leiter, wobei das Micaband aus Micapartikeln zusammengesetzt ist, die mit Hilfe eines Polymer-Bindemittels auf einer Unterlage aufgebracht sind,
    - eine zweite Schicht, die mindestens eine Wicklung eines Polyimidbands umfasst, und
    - eine dritte Schicht, die mindestens eine Wicklung eines Polytetrafluorethylenbands (PTFE) umfasst,
    wobei die erste Schicht bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 400 °C thermisch behandelt ist, und
    das Verhältnis R der längenbezogenen Masse von PTFE zur Summe der längenbezogenen Massen des Polymer-Bindemittels und des Polyimids derart ist, dass:
    o R größer oder gleich 2 ist, wenn der Querschnitt des elektrischen Leiters höchstens gleich 0,2 mm2, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,1 und 0,2 mm2 inklusive, ist,
    o R größer oder gleich 4 ist, wenn der Querschnitt des elektrischen Leiters größer als 0,2 mm2 und kleiner als 0,6 mm2 ist,
    o R größer oder gleich 6 ist, wenn der Querschnitt des elektrischen Leiters gleich 0,6 mm2 ist,
    ∘ R größer oder gleich 12 ist, wenn der Querschnitt des elektrischen Leiters größer als 0,6 mm2, vorzugsweise höchstens 3 mm2, ist,
    wobei das Verhältnis R ausgehend von den jeweiligen Ausgangsmassen berechnet wird:
    ∘ von PTFE, stammend von dem oder den PTFE-Bändern (dritte Schicht),
    ∘ von Polymer-Bindemittel, stammend von dem oder den Micabändern (erste Schicht), und
    ∘ von Polyimid, stammend von dem oder den Polyimidbändern (zweite Schicht),
    wobei die Massen von PTFE, von Polymer-Bindemittel und von Polyimid folgendermaßen definiert sind:
    ∘ die Masse von PTFE = (von dem/den nicht frittierten PTFE-Band/Bändern bedeckte Oberflächen) x (Dichte des PTFE),
    ∘ die Masse von Polymer-Bindemittel = (Masse des/der Micabands/Micabänder) x (Gehalt an Polymer-Bindemittel (%) des oder der Micabänder), mit Masse des oder der Micabänder = (von dem/den Micaband/Micabändern bedeckte Oberflächen) x (Dichte des Mica), und
    ∘ die Masse von Polyimid = (von dem Polyimidband bedeckte Oberfläche) x (Dichte des Polyimids) x (Polyimidgehalt (%) des Polyimidbands).
  2. Stromkabel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die thermische Behandlung der erste Schicht während einer Dauer t durchgeführt wird, die mindestens 30 % länger als die Dauer t0 ist, die für die Entgasung der erste Schicht notwendig ist, wobei die Dauer t vorzugsweise mindestens 1 Minute beträgt.
  3. Stromkabel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Micaband höchstens eine Menge von 20 Gew.-% Polymer-Bindemittel umfasst, wobei das Micaband vorzugsweise eine Menge von 13 Gew.-% Polymer-Bindemittel umfasst.
  4. Stromkabel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polymer-Bindemittel ein Silikonharz ist.
  5. Stromkabel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Prozentsatz der Eigenbedeckung eines Micabands bei seiner Wicklung und/oder eines Polyimidbands bei seiner Wicklung höchstens 49 % beträgt.
  6. Stromkabel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Schicht eine einzige Wicklung eines Polyimidbands umfasst.
  7. Stromkabel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dritte Schicht mindestens zwei Wicklungen eines PTFE-Bands umfasst.
  8. Stromkabel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Micapartikel vom Typ Phlogopit sind.
  9. Stromkabel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polyimidband eine Polyimidschicht umfasst, die auf jeder ihrer Seiten mit einer Beschichtung aus fluoriertem Ethylenpropylen-Copolymer (FEP) bedeckt ist.
  10. Stromkabel nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Schicht bei einer Temperatur thermisch behandelt ist, die höher als die Schmelztemperatur der FEP-Schichten ist.
  11. Stromkabel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dritte Schicht bei einer Temperatur über 340 °C thermisch behandelt ist.
  12. Stromkabel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es in Bezug auf die Resistenz gegenüber der Fortpflanzung von Lichtbögen für den Lichtbogenfortpflanzungstest NF EN 3475-604 den Anforderungen der Norm EN 2346-005 entspricht und den Anforderungen der Normen NF EN 3475-408 und prEN 3475-417.
  13. Kabelsatz, der mindestens ein Stromkabel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche umfasst.
EP08161480.2A 2007-09-21 2008-07-30 Stromkabel, das gegen die fortpflanzung von lichtbögen resistent ist Active EP2040267B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0757741A FR2921511B1 (fr) 2007-09-21 2007-09-21 Cable electrique resistant a la propagation d'arc electrique

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EP2040267A1 EP2040267A1 (de) 2009-03-25
EP2040267B1 true EP2040267B1 (de) 2016-03-30

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US (1) US7750246B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2040267B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101393780B (de)
BR (1) BRPI0803759A2 (de)
ES (1) ES2576640T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2921511B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2467421C2 (de)

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CN103886990A (zh) * 2014-02-25 2014-06-25 安徽宏源特种电缆集团有限公司 一种耐火聚酰亚胺航空航天用电缆
CN103903690A (zh) * 2014-03-06 2014-07-02 安徽猎塔电缆集团有限公司 一种航空电缆
RU2585655C2 (ru) * 2014-05-26 2016-06-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Геоптикс" Геофизический кабель для исследования горизонтальных и восходящих участков скважин
US10256009B2 (en) 2014-06-19 2019-04-09 Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation Laser-markable insulation material for wire or cable assemblies
US9881714B2 (en) 2014-06-19 2018-01-30 Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation Laser-markable insulation material for wire or cable assemblies
FR3026889A1 (fr) * 2014-10-03 2016-04-08 Setic Procede de fabrication par double torsion d'un cable anti-feu a toron de cuivre-mica, lyre adaptee et ligne de fabrication adapteee, cable anti-feu obtenu
CN104751951A (zh) * 2015-03-30 2015-07-01 安徽省高沟电缆有限公司 一种包裹电缆专用的阻燃绝缘材料
FR3062748B1 (fr) * 2017-02-03 2019-04-05 Nexans Cable electrique resistant aux decharges partielles
CN110706851A (zh) * 2019-11-18 2020-01-17 安徽光复电缆有限公司 一种航空用耐温耐火轻型电缆

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EP1211696A1 (de) * 2000-12-01 2002-06-05 Compagnie Royale Asturienne Des Mines, Societe Anonyme Isolierter elektrischer Leiter
AU2002303379A1 (en) * 2001-04-17 2002-10-28 Judd Wire, Inc. A multi-layer insulation system for electrical conductors
RU39968U1 (ru) * 2004-05-20 2004-08-20 Открытое акционерное общество Всероссийский научно-исследовательский, проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт кабельной промышленности Кабель управления
RU2284593C2 (ru) * 2004-10-26 2006-09-27 Броня Цой Электроизоляционный материал
RU53809U1 (ru) * 2005-12-07 2006-05-27 Закрытое акционерное общество работников "Народное предприятие "Подольсккабель" Кабель управления

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US20090090552A1 (en) 2009-04-09
FR2921511B1 (fr) 2010-03-12
FR2921511A1 (fr) 2009-03-27
BRPI0803759A2 (pt) 2010-06-15
CN101393780B (zh) 2012-11-07
CN101393780A (zh) 2009-03-25
RU2467421C2 (ru) 2012-11-20
US7750246B2 (en) 2010-07-06
EP2040267A1 (de) 2009-03-25
ES2576640T3 (es) 2016-07-08
RU2008131702A (ru) 2010-02-10

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