EP2038949A1 - Système de pile à combustible et dispositif pour l'alimentation en fluides d'un ensemble pile à combustible - Google Patents

Système de pile à combustible et dispositif pour l'alimentation en fluides d'un ensemble pile à combustible

Info

Publication number
EP2038949A1
EP2038949A1 EP07722456A EP07722456A EP2038949A1 EP 2038949 A1 EP2038949 A1 EP 2038949A1 EP 07722456 A EP07722456 A EP 07722456A EP 07722456 A EP07722456 A EP 07722456A EP 2038949 A1 EP2038949 A1 EP 2038949A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
metal oxide
oxide ceramic
media supply
cell system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07722456A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Rozumek
Marco Mühlner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Enerday GmbH
Original Assignee
Enerday GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Enerday GmbH filed Critical Enerday GmbH
Publication of EP2038949A1 publication Critical patent/EP2038949A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
    • C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1247—Higher hydrocarbons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the media supply of a fuel cell assembly in a fuel cell system, which consists at least partially of a chromium-containing metal alloy.
  • the invention further relates to a fuel cell system with such a device.
  • Fuel cell systems serve to generate electrical energy from hydrogen and oxygen. Especially in the field of mobile applications, for example in
  • the hydrogen is obtained by the so-called reforming of fuel, ie in particular gasoline or diesel.
  • suitable starting materials for the production of hydrogen are, in particular, heating oil and natural gas.
  • the resulting in the at least partially exothermic reactions for fuel reforming heat can be used for heating purposes.
  • SOFC fuel cells solid oxide fuel cell
  • the waste heat of the fuel cell stack can also be used for heating purposes and, like the waste heat of the other components, included in the temperature management of the entire fuel cell system become.
  • Fuel cell systems using high-temperature fuel cells are operated depending on the design in a temperature range between about 650 0 C to 1000 0 C.
  • the heat generation of additional ancillary units which are located in close proximity to the actual fuel cell arrangement, may result in local temperatures of up to approximately 1250 ° C.
  • the regions of the highest temperature in the vicinity of the reformer upstream of the fuel cell arrangement and in the region of burners, for example an afterburner, for further conversion of the anode exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell arrangement are found.
  • the components subjected to high temperatures are produced from heat-resistant or high-temperature chrome steels or nickel-base alloys containing chromium, wherein it is also known that high-grade oxide dispersion-strengthened metals, which are known as powder-metallurgically produced sintered components, are used.
  • the mostly chromium-containing steels or alloys containing as auxiliary alloy elements preferably aluminum and silicon among other elements form at high temperatures thin and dense layers of the oxides of the respective alloy constituents, whereby the surfaces of the core material by a passivation against further oxidation ( Scaling).
  • media supply is to be understood in its most general sense; It is therefore not limited to the primary substances supplied, such as diesel and air, but in particular also to all other components carrying such substances, which themselves or after their chemical conversion of the fuel Line arrangement are supplied.
  • the reformer in the case of exhaust gas recirculation of the afterburner and the piping of the system in the considerations leading to the present invention are included.
  • chromium-containing materials entails the formation of volatile chromium compounds under normal operating conditions, which can then be carried on in the gas phase downstream of the system.
  • chromium compounds especially CrO 3 and
  • CrO 2 (OH) 2 is favored by the high temperatures and water content of the atmosphere. Further problems can arise from the formation of nitrides, especially in the context of nickel-based materials.
  • the affected assemblies may first be joined and then heat treated for the purpose of building a thin and dense passivation layer.
  • SOFC fuel cells and catalysts in the reformer can be poisoned by the evaporating chromium compounds and their local accumulation and sustainably damaged. This damage takes place especially in the cathode region of the fuel cell arrangement, since chromium is incorporated in the cathode material (eg LaSrMnO 3 ). This is accompanied by an intolerable increase in the polarization losses, which reduces the yield of electrical energy. In addition to the poisoning of the fuel cell assembly and narrowing of tube cross sections due to deposits of the evaporating compounds are observed.
  • the invention is based on the generic device in that a surface of the device which comes into contact with supply media is at least partially coated with a metal oxide ceramic.
  • a cost-effective measure is available to prevent the evaporation of volatile chromium compounds from the devices. Due to the increased life, the material thickness can be reduced, resulting in a reduction in the use of materials and a weight reduction result, which brings particular advantages in mobile use particular advantages. Due to the reduction in the rate of chromium vaporization, the active components of the fuel cell system are protected, that is, in particular, the catalyst of the reformer and the cathodes of the fuel cell stack. As a result, the life of these components is increased and the functionality of the entire system is improved.
  • the metal oxide ceramic has several metal components.
  • the various metal components include, for example, chromium and rare earth elements, such as lanthanum.
  • the metal oxide ceramic has a perovskite structure.
  • the metal oxide ceramic has a perovskite structure.
  • the metal oxide ceramic has a perovskite structure.
  • calcium or strontium doped LaCrO 3 in question.
  • the metal oxide ceramic has a spinel structure.
  • Such spinel structures are formed, for example, using chromium and manganese.
  • the metal oxide ceramics should contain chromium oxide.
  • the device according to the invention can be produced in a particularly advantageous manner by applying the metal oxide ceramic by vapor deposition.
  • CVD or PVD methods which are suitable for providing highly reproducible layer systems are possible.
  • the metal oxide ceramic is applied by a slip process.
  • the coating can take place by means of dipping or wet powder spraying.
  • the metal oxide ceramic is applied by a spraying process.
  • spraying methods include, for example, thermal spraying or plasma spraying, these methods being particularly advantageous since no thermal aging treatment to stabilize the protective layer is required, while in the said slip processes a burn-in is provided.
  • the metal oxide ceramic has a thickness of between 1 ⁇ m and 25 ⁇ m.
  • Low layer thicknesses of about 1 .mu.m may be sufficient to achieve the success of the invention.
  • An increase in the layer density can simplify the manufacturing process, depending on the method, since higher tolerances are permitted.
  • the invention further relates to a fuel cell system with a device according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a typical fuel cell system
  • Figure 2 shows a part of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a typical fuel cell system.
  • FIG. 2 shows a part of a device according to the invention.
  • the fuel cell system 10 is supplied with fuel or air via a fuel supply 34 and an air feed 36. Air and fuel are supplied via lines 16, 18 to a reformer 12, in which a hydrogen-rich reformate is generated. This reformate is via a line 20 of the Anode side of a fuel cell stack 28 is supplied to the cathode side via a further air supply 38 cathode air via a line 22 is supplied.
  • the anode exhaust gas flowing out of the fuel cell stack 28 via the line 40 is fed to an afterburner 14, to which combustion air is supplied via a further air feed 42 and a line 24.
  • the exiting from the afterburner 14 exhaust gases are removed via a line 26 from the fuel cell system 10.
  • the electrical energy generated in the fuel cell stack 28 is also taken from the fuel cell system 10 and supplied, for example, to a DC / DC converter 44. All components within the fuel cell system 10 that are potentially exposed to high temperatures and carry substances that are supplied to the fuel cell stack 28 may be formed in the manner according to the invention, that is to say their surface 30 may be provided with a coating of metal oxide ceramic 32. This is illustrated by way of example with reference to FIG. 2 on a surface section of the reformer 12. Comparable features of the surfaces can be found in the supply lines 16, 18 to the reformer 12, the reformate 20 and the cathode air supply line 22.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (12 à 26) pour l'alimentation en fluides d'un ensemble pile à combustible (28) dans un système de pile à combustible (10), lequel dispositif se compose au moins partiellement d'un alliage de métal chromifère. Selon la présente invention, une surface (30) du dispositif entrant en contact avec les fluides d'alimentation est revêtue au moins partiellement d'une céramique en oxyde métallique (32).
EP07722456A 2006-07-10 2007-05-23 Système de pile à combustible et dispositif pour l'alimentation en fluides d'un ensemble pile à combustible Withdrawn EP2038949A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006031863A DE102006031863A1 (de) 2006-07-10 2006-07-10 Brennstoffzellensystem und Vorrichtung für die Medienversorgung einer Brennstoffzellenanordnung
PCT/DE2007/000929 WO2008006326A1 (fr) 2006-07-10 2007-05-23 Système de pile à combustible et dispositif pour l'alimentation en fluides d'un ensemble pile à combustible

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2038949A1 true EP2038949A1 (fr) 2009-03-25

Family

ID=38535361

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07722456A Withdrawn EP2038949A1 (fr) 2006-07-10 2007-05-23 Système de pile à combustible et dispositif pour l'alimentation en fluides d'un ensemble pile à combustible

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20090233152A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2038949A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20090020691A (fr)
CN (1) CN101507026A (fr)
AU (1) AU2007272134A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0714165A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2657507A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006031863A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA200970036A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008006326A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK2360767T3 (en) * 2010-02-12 2016-11-14 Hexis Ag fuel Cell System
DE102014204177A1 (de) 2013-03-28 2014-10-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Aerosolbeschichten mittels Wirbelstromaktorik

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3416209B2 (ja) * 1993-07-30 2003-06-16 三洋電機株式会社 固体電解質型燃料電池
DE4422624B4 (de) * 1994-06-28 2009-07-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Schutzschicht auf einen metallischen chromhaltigen Körper
US6716795B2 (en) * 1999-09-27 2004-04-06 Ut-Battelle, Llc Buffer architecture for biaxially textured structures and method of fabricating same
US20040005483A1 (en) * 2002-03-08 2004-01-08 Chhiu-Tsu Lin Perovskite manganites for use in coatings
DE10306649A1 (de) * 2003-02-18 2004-09-02 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Schutzschicht für hochtemperaturbelastete Substrate, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
DE10306647A1 (de) * 2003-02-18 2004-09-02 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Herstellungsverfahren für eine Schutzschicht für hochtemperaturbelastete, chromoxidbildende Substrate
US7314678B2 (en) * 2003-08-25 2008-01-01 Corning Incorporated Solid oxide fuel cell device with a component having a protective coatings and a method for making such
DE102004002365A1 (de) * 2004-01-15 2005-08-11 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln metallischer Körper
CA2457609A1 (fr) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-13 Alberta Research Council Inc. Chauffage de piles a combustible d'oxyde solide empilees
DE102005015755A1 (de) * 2005-04-06 2006-10-12 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Chromverdampfungsschutzschicht für chromoxidbildende Metallsubstrate

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008006326A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2007272134A1 (en) 2008-01-17
BRPI0714165A2 (pt) 2012-12-25
DE102006031863A1 (de) 2008-01-17
WO2008006326A1 (fr) 2008-01-17
EA200970036A1 (ru) 2009-04-28
CA2657507A1 (fr) 2008-01-17
KR20090020691A (ko) 2009-02-26
CN101507026A (zh) 2009-08-12
US20090233152A1 (en) 2009-09-17

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