EP2032017A2 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur optischen detektion am auge - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur optischen detektion am augeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2032017A2 EP2032017A2 EP07726139A EP07726139A EP2032017A2 EP 2032017 A2 EP2032017 A2 EP 2032017A2 EP 07726139 A EP07726139 A EP 07726139A EP 07726139 A EP07726139 A EP 07726139A EP 2032017 A2 EP2032017 A2 EP 2032017A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- eye
- molecular marker
- molecular
- optical
- optical imaging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
- A61B5/0066—Optical coherence imaging
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/001—Preparation for luminescence or biological staining
- A61K49/0013—Luminescence
- A61K49/0017—Fluorescence in vivo
- A61K49/005—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the carrier molecule carrying the fluorescent agent
- A61K49/0058—Antibodies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/40—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system
- A61B5/4076—Diagnosing or monitoring particular conditions of the nervous system
- A61B5/4088—Diagnosing of monitoring cognitive diseases, e.g. Alzheimer, prion diseases or dementia
Definitions
- the invention relates to a solution for optical detection on the eye, in which molecular markers for contrastive diagnosis of eye diseases and other diseases and other vital parameters that can be diagnosed on the eye are used, and in particular for the selective detection of specific molecular aggregates and cellular structures.
- Antibody technologies and peptide-chemical methods that are coupled with an imaging process are used in particular for the detection of the cellular parameters relevant for the diagnosis. Basically, the following elements are required:
- Detecting substance eg, antibody or peptide that binds highly specifically to the altered cell structures
- Contrast substance which is coupled to the carrier molecule eg radio nucleotide or fluorescent dye.
- Imaging optical imaging method for visual display Molecular imaging can be used to measure and characterize biological processes at the cellular and molecular level in the living organism (in vivo) [2]. In contrast to conventional diagnostic imaging methods, non-anatomical manifestations or effects of a particular disease are detected, but biological processes underlying the disease are detected at the cellular level. As a result, diseases can already be detected in the early stages and in the ideal case treat even before the appearance of the actual clinical picture.
- OCT optical coherence tomography
- OCT techniques allow relatively deep insight into living tissue with considerable accuracy through the use of infrared wavelengths (reduced scattering of light at longer wavelengths) to 1 ⁇ m depth resolution. Since the image contrast is essentially dependent on the scattering and absorption of the short coherent light from the tissue, the sensitivity and the accuracy of the measurements have a great dependence on these optical properties of the biological tissue.
- US 2005/0036150 A1 describes an OCT method in which so-called molecular contrast agents are used. Different energetically excited molecules are used to achieve different OCT image contrasts. However, the molecules must be optically excited in time for OCT diagnosis to produce the corresponding OCT contrasts. For this purpose, a total of 4 individual methods are described in order to achieve a contrast enhancement, which is required for the OCT evaluation, in comparison with a natural contrast given by the molecule selection.
- the OCT method offers the possibility to create 2 and 3 dimensional images of the fundus with a high resolution and thus to detect changes in the retina.
- a disadvantage is that disease-relevant changes in an OCT image are only visible when the disease has already broken out.
- they have abnormalities detected in OCT images are not necessarily pathological causes ("structure and function" problem).
- FAM fluorescein
- ICG indocyanine green
- indocyanine green is increasingly being used as a dye in fluorescein angiography on the ocular fundus. While fluorescein remains the standard dye in diabetic retinal changes, retinal vascular occlusions, or macular edema, ICG is increasingly used in age-related macular degeneration and other subretinal diseases due to limited technical validity of fluorescein angiography.
- the additional information obtained by the ICG can be deduced from the different chemical and physical properties. While fluorescein is excited with a laser of wavelength 480 nm, ICG uses a laser with 800 nm wavelength. This longer wavelength light penetrates the retinal pigment epithelium and also lighter intra- and subretinal blood collections. In contrast to fluorescein, ICG does not leave the choriocapillaris, which, in combination with better penetration of the retinal pigment epithelium, allows viewing of the choroidal structures. Since ICG only after 10 cycle times only a negligible Blood concentration, you can already see after 12 to 18 minutes reversal effects in the pictures.
- a combined fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography is mainly used in the following diseases:
- ICG angiography can only be evaluated in combination with FA angiography.
- known methods for increasing the contrast in ophthalmology are limited to the contrasting of blood vessels by the attachment of fluorescent dyes to blood components, such as hemoglobin and albumin.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a solution for the optical detection of changes in the eye, with which the selectivity, specificity, accuracy and the contrast of optical measuring and diagnostic techniques on the eye is considerably increased by the use of molecular markers To be able to make a more exact, disease-specific diagnosis already in early stages of the illnesses as well as to observe the course of therapies.
- a molecular marker with spectral characteristics of the absorption and / or scattering in the visual and infrared spectral range or the fluorescence or bioluminescence is introduced into the eye, which attaches to a specific target area.
- optical imaging methods such as fundus photography, confocal laser microscopy, polarization optics see imaging methods, holographic methods or in particular OCT method detected.
- the invention thus offers the advantage of improving the diagnostic possibilities, in particular
- optical methods for the diagnosis of the eye is greatly favored in comparison to other parts of the body due to the high transparency of the optical system of the eye.
- molecular markers which selectively enhance the optical contrast for diagnosis also affect the normal vision of the patient.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the coupling of a molecular marker to a target area
- FIG. 2 shows a possible OCT of a retina with molecular markers attached to target regions
- FIG. 3 shows a tabular overview of the recognition and contrast substances that can be used depending on the optical imaging method used;
- FIG. 4 shows a tabular overview of the preferred targets used for various diseases;
- FIG. 5 shows an overview of currently preferred targets and the eye diseases detectable thereby
- FIG. 6 a schematic representation of the effect of molecular markers in diabetic retinopathy
- FIG. 7 molecular markers for various targets for the detection of diabetic retinopathy
- FIG. 8 molecular markers for the detection of age-related macular degeneration
- FIG. 9 molecular markers for the detection of stem cells
- FIG. 10 shows molecular markers for the detection of Alzheimer's disease
- FIG. 11 Molecular markers for the detection of glaucoma.
- a molecular marker having a spectral characteristic of the absorption and / or scattering in the visual and infrared spectral range or the fluorescence or luminescence is introduced into the eye and is deposited on a specific target.
- the interaction between the molecular marker and the target is detected by optical imaging techniques. Since the molecular, biocompatible marker has the characteristic of a time-limited selective attachment to the target in the eye, followed by internal degradation without significantly affecting the patient's vision, adequate for diagnostic purposes low burden on the patient and in particular the eye is achieved ,
- the molecular marker functioning as a diagnostic reagent can be injected into the patient, administered orally or administered as an eye drop.
- the detection is carried out with optical imaging method. Due to the altered optical properties, the molecular changes of interest in the image are "visible.”
- the findings can be made by the physician, other specialist, or even by image recognition diagnostic software.
- the molecular marker is degraded by the body after a corresponding "clearance" time Tc or eliminated.
- the molecular marker consists of a recognition substance for highly specific binding to the targets and an optically detectable contrast substance coupled to the recognition substance, molecules or cells such as antibodies, peptides and DNA or RNA molecules being used as the recognition substance.
- the recognition substances used can be present in their original form or in a biochemical, biotechnological or modified with other technologies form, especially in the case of antibodies, the use of functional antibody fragments is conceivable.
- the recognition substances can specifically bind to the target molecules, inter alia via hydrogen bonds, electrostatic forces, van der Waals forces or hydrophobic interactions.
- the contrast substance may either be directly linked to the recognition substance via a chemical compound or indirectly, e.g. B. be connected via a secondary antibody.
- the binding of recognition substance and Konstrastsubstanz to nanoparticles, liposomes or other biological or chemical substances and the incorporation into such substances is possible.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the coupling of a molecular marker to a target.
- the molecular marker 1 consists of a Identification substance 2 and a contrast substance 3 coupled to the recognition substance 2.
- the molecular marker 1 is introduced into the eye and is deposited on the target 4.
- the target 4 in this case is an altered molecule present in a membrane 5. There is no attachment to the unchanged molecules 6 present in the membrane.
- FIG. 2 shows a possible OCT image of a retina with molecular markers attached to target regions, wherein clear changes in the OCT image can be seen at the sites where the molecular marker has attached itself.
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary tabular overview of the recognition and contrast substances that can be used depending on the optical imaging method used.
- FIG. 4 shows targets which are preferably used for various diseases, wherein the listed targets can be detected with all the optical imaging methods and contrast substances mentioned in FIG.
- a recognition substance monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies are used here.
- An application of peptides or DNA or RNA molecules as a recognition substance is also conceivable. Since new "targets" and molecular causes for hereditary diseases are always found within the framework of medical-molecular-biological basic research, the tabular overview shown in FIG. 4 represents only the currently preferred targets. A claim to completeness does not exist.
- FIG. 5 shows an overview of currently preferred targets and the diseases which can be detected on the eye.
- BRB blood-retinal barrier
- the BRB is made up of retinal endothelial cells or epithelial cells, which are connected by so-called “tight junctions.” These "tight junctions”, which are visible under the electron microscopy, fuse the plasma membranes of two neighboring cells and strongly connect them. The “tight junctions” form a selective barrier to solutes and allow the organism to control the transport of nutrients and degradation products.
- the "tight junctions” consist of various transmembrane proteins, such as the occludins, the junctional adhesion protein (JAM) or the zonula occludens (ZO-1, ZO2-, ZO-3).
- a characteristic of diabetic retinopathy is the loss of integrity and vascular permeability of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). Even at very early stages, there are changes in BRB, which can lead to the formation of macular edema and thus loss of vision.
- BRB blood-retinal barrier
- VEGF Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
- angiogenesis is described as the growth of small blood vessels (capillaries)
- cytokine levels include IL-1 ⁇ , IL-6 and IL-8, in particular of proliferative diabetic retinopathy greatly increased.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of the effect of molecular markers in diabetic retinopathy. While the antibody used by molecular marker 1 penetrates BRB 9 through defective tight junctions 8 and recognizes disease-specific changes in the tight junctions, molecular markers 1 are stopped at the intact tight junctions 10. Basically, it should be remembered that the intact BRB does not pass antibodies, however, if there is damage to the BRB, the antibodies may penetrate more intensely and be used to increase the contrast as shown in Figure 6. This effect is an example of the excellent sensitivity and specificity of the solution of the invention and fluorescein angiography, in the method described herein, there is a specific accumulation of the molecular markers at the site of the lesion.
- vascular endothelial growth factor can be detected directly in the blood and especially in the newly formed, diseased, small blood vessels (neovascularization) without the BRB must be passed.
- VEGF is also detectable in tissue.
- targets such as the cytokines or VEGF
- new "targets" and molecular causes of hereditary diseases are always found within the framework of medical molecular biological basic research, but at the present time VEGF, occludin and the status of occludin phosphorylation and cytokines are particularly suitable as target to molecular markers for different targets for the detection of diabetic retinopathy.
- age-related macular degeneration AMD
- AMD is one of the leading causes of blindness in the Western world.
- the pathogenesis of AMD is not yet known.
- Common hypotheses suggest that in addition to insufficient choroidal blood flow in the macula, metabolic dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium or abnormalities of the rupture membrane (membrane complex between the retinal pigment epithelium and the choroid) are causes of AMD.
- FIG. 8 shows a molecular marker for the detection of age-related macular degeneration.
- a stem cell therapy can be used to cure degenerative diseases of the retina or the optic nerve.
- Stem cells are body Lines that are not differentiated yet. That is, they are not yet in a form that specializes in their use in the organism (for example, as a skin cell or liver cell), but their later use is still open. It is for the observation of the therapy of great benefit to observe the stem cells using a detection system. This is conceivable by labeling the stem cells with specific antibodies.
- FIG. 9 shows a molecular marker for the detection of stem cells.
- the proposed technical solution for optical detection on the eye can be used to detect Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer's disease) in the early stage.
- Alzheimer's disease is a progressive dementia disorder of the brain that is associated with a progressive decrease in brain function. The disease begins with little, apparently accidental forgetfulness and ends in loss of the mind.
- FIG. 10 shows molecular markers for Alzheimer's disease, as well as possible sites of detection.
- the proposed technical solution can also be used to detect a glaucoma disease.
- Glaucoma also known as the green star, is one of the most common diseases of the optic nerve, as a result of which characteristic visual field defects (scotomas) develop, which in extreme cases lead to blindness of the eye.
- Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of blindness, both in industrialized and developing countries.
- Figure 11 shows molecular markers for glaucoma detection.
- the device according to the invention for optically detecting changes in the eye consists of an optical imaging unit for detecting the interaction of a molecular marker introduced into the eye and attached to a specific target and an evaluation unit, the molecular marker having a spectral characteristic of absorption and / or scattering in the visual and infrared spectral range or the fluorescence or bioluminescence has neszenz.
- the molecular biocompatible marker since the molecular biocompatible marker has the characteristic of temporary selective attachment to the targets in the eye, followed by in-body degradation without appreciably affecting the patient's vision, a low stress on the patient, and especially the eye, will be adequate for diagnostic purposes reached.
- the molecular marker functioning as a diagnostic reagent can be injected into the patient, administered orally or administered as an eye drop.
- time T 0 when the molecular marker has been absorbed by the body and specifically targeted to certain targets at the target site, e.g. As the retina, the detection is carried out with an optical imaging unit. Due to the altered optical properties, the molecular changes of interest in the image are "visible.”
- the findings can be made by the physician or even by imaging software with image recognition.
- the molecular marker is degraded or excreted by the body after a corresponding "clearance" time Tc ,
- the molecular marker consists of a recognition substance for highly specific binding to the targets and an optically detectable contrast substance coupled to the recognition substance, molecules or cells such as antibodies, peptides and DNA or RNA molecules being used as the recognition substance.
- the recognition substances used may be in their original form or in a biochemical, biotechnological or other technologies modified form, especially in the case of antibodies, the use of functional antibody fragments is conceivable.
- the recognition substances can specifically bind to the target molecules, inter alia via hydrogen bonds, electrostatic forces, van der Waals forces or hydrophobic interactions.
- the contrast substance may either be directly linked to the recognition substance via a chemical compound or indirectly, e.g. B. connected via a secondary antibody.
- the binding of recognition subunits punch and Konstrastsubstanz to nanoparticles, liposomes or other biological or chemical substances and the incorporation into such substances possible.
- the interaction between molecular marker and target is detected with fundus cameras, confocal laser microscopes, OCT devices, and other polarization- or holography-based optical imaging devices.
- fundus cameras confocal laser microscopes
- OCT devices polarization- or holography-based optical imaging devices.
- contrast agents based on fluorescence or autofluorescence are used for optical imaging by means of fundus cameras or confocal laser microscopes
- OCT devices are based on light scattering or absorption-based contrast substances.
- the optical imaging unit is an optical coherence tomography (OCT) -based device.
- OCT optical coherence tomography
- the molecular marker has an increased absorption and / or scattering in the infrared spectral range and the lowest possible absorption and / or scattering in the visual spectral range.
- the molecular marker of the operating wavelength of the OCT device should have an increased absorption and / or scattering. Due to the low absorption and / or scattering in the visual spectral range, the least possible impairment of the patient's vision can be ensured.
- the optical imaging unit is a confocal laser microscope or confocal laser scanner. This rush "or infrared spectral range an increased absorption and / or scattering or fluorescence or bioluminescence on the molecular Mar- ker has, in particular at the laser wavelength used in Visu.
- a confocal scanner for the spatially resolved detection of the molecular markers can according to the invention have an additional time-resolved detection in an extended version.
- spatially and temporally resolved for example, the fluorescence decay time of the Kermolekül attached dye molecule are evaluated.
- a fluorescence lifetime can be spatially resolved assigned to individual detection sites and thus also work by imaging. Since these decay times depend on the binding state, it can be seen to what extent binding states or specific deposits have taken place in the investigated spatial areas or not.
- Methods of Confocal Microscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography can also be used not only as 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional imaging methods.
- a linear scan eg A-scan
- the target area with the introduced molecular marker can also provide a specific signal that characterizes the binding state and thus enables a diagnosis.
- this simplified diagnosis e.g. in the lens not only the anatomical interfaces of the lens are visible as a peak in the scan, but also the marker-specific peaks, which characterize the specific attachment and presence.
- the optical imaging unit is a fundus camera and the molecular marker has either an increased fluorescence and / or bioluminescence in the used excitation wavelength range in the visual or infrared spectral range.
- the detection of the interaction of the introduced into the eye and attached to a specific target molecular marker takes place in a correspondingly longer wavelength spectral range.
- the molecular marker has an increased absorption and / or scattering in the used excitation wavelength range in the visual or infrared spectral range. The detection of this interaction then takes place in the visual or infrared spectral range.
- the natural contrast of, for example, retinal recordings with a fundus camera is at a given intensity threshold of the camera system, including the camera. rachip with a threshold factor "IS" and the known reflectivity of the retina of about 10 "4 given that the illumination intensity> 10 " is 4 x IS.
- the marker-specific fluorescence signals with a corresponding fluorescence recording must stand out in particular from the autofluorescence signal at the respective excitation wavelength / detection wavelength combination. Since the fluorescent dyes used in the marker are matched to the particular excitation and detection wavelengths of the optical diagnostic system used, a useful signal which is clearly indicative of the autofluorescence background is expected.
- the present inventive solution utilizes absorbance, scattering or fluorescence selectable by the contrast agents attached to the molecular markers as optical contrasting.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006030382A DE102006030382A1 (de) | 2006-06-29 | 2006-06-29 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur optischen Detektion am Auge |
| PCT/EP2007/005555 WO2008000403A2 (de) | 2006-06-29 | 2007-06-23 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur optischen detektion am auge |
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| EP2032017A2 true EP2032017A2 (de) | 2009-03-11 |
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| EP07726139A Ceased EP2032017A2 (de) | 2006-06-29 | 2007-06-23 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur optischen detektion am auge |
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| US (1) | US20090304591A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2032017A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102006030382A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2008000403A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2647147C (en) | 2006-04-11 | 2016-10-04 | Neuroptix Corporation | Ocular imaging |
| DE102007038730A1 (de) * | 2007-08-16 | 2009-02-19 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Nachweis des menschlichen Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor |
| SG188900A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2013-04-30 | Neuroptix Corp | Ocular imaging |
| JP5771525B2 (ja) | 2008-09-18 | 2015-09-02 | セダーズ−シナイ メディカル センター | アルツハイマー病を検出するための光学的方法 |
| DE102009043750A1 (de) | 2009-09-30 | 2011-08-04 | Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, 07745 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Detektion von Ablagerungen im Auge |
| CA2807683C (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2020-02-18 | Cognoptix, Inc. | System and method for detecting amyloid proteins |
| DE102010047060A1 (de) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-05 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose von Morbus Alzheimer |
| EP2691007A4 (de) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-09-10 | Steven Verdooner | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur identifikation eines oder mehrerer amyloid-beta-plaques in mehreren separaten oct-netzhautschichten |
| AU2013255050B2 (en) * | 2012-05-01 | 2016-07-28 | Translatum Medicus Inc. | Methods for treating and diagnosing blinding eye diseases |
| EP3068283A1 (de) * | 2013-11-12 | 2016-09-21 | Cognoptix, Inc. | Verfahren zur fluoreszenzmessung in augengewebe |
| EP3525659A4 (de) * | 2016-10-13 | 2020-06-17 | Translatum Medicus, Inc. | Systeme und verfahren zur erkennung von augenerkrankungen |
| EP3460472B1 (de) | 2017-09-22 | 2024-09-18 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Funktionalisierte partikel |
| CN110345817B (zh) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-09-21 | 湖北工业大学 | 一种激光防御系统的多元参数监测与智能控制系统及方法 |
| US20250054134A1 (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2025-02-13 | Uti Limited Partnership | Systems and methods for detecting ocular lesions in fundus images |
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| US6270749B1 (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 2001-08-07 | Pharmacyclics, Inc. | Use of Texaphyrin in ocular diagnosis and therapy |
| IL125614A (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2003-01-12 | Amiram Grinvald | System and method for non-invasive imaging of retinal function |
| AU6754900A (en) * | 1999-08-03 | 2001-02-19 | Biophysica, Llc | Spectroscopic systems and methods for detecting tissue properties |
| AU7106400A (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-04-10 | Akorn, Inc. | Fluorescent dye angiography and dye-enhanced photocoagulation |
| US7011952B2 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2006-03-14 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Diagnostics and therapeutics for macular degeneration-related disorders |
| US7297326B2 (en) * | 2000-08-21 | 2007-11-20 | The General Hospital Corporation | Ocular diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease |
| AU2002236683A1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-21 | Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center | Non-isotopic detection of osteoblastic activity in vivo using modified bisphosphonates |
| US20060062786A1 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2006-03-23 | Human Genome Sciences, Inc. | Antibodies that immunospecifically bind to TRAIL receptors |
| US20020151774A1 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-10-17 | Umass/Worcester | Ocular spectrometer and probe method for non-invasive spectral measurement |
| US20030158112A1 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-21 | Johns Hopkins University School Of Medicine | Selective induction of apoptosis to treat ocular disease |
| US7364296B2 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2008-04-29 | University Of Rochester | Method and apparatus for improving both lateral and axial resolution in ophthalmoscopy |
| EP1539222A1 (de) * | 2002-07-02 | 2005-06-15 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Behandlung von augenerkrankungen |
| US7075658B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2006-07-11 | Duke University | Method for optical coherence tomography imaging with molecular contrast |
| US7198777B2 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2007-04-03 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Optical contrast agents for optically modifying incident radiation |
| DE10360570B4 (de) * | 2003-12-22 | 2006-01-12 | Carl Zeiss | Optisches Meßsystem und optisches Meßverfahren |
| WO2006014484A2 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-02-09 | Surmodics, Inc. | Methods and devices for the treatment of ocular conditions |
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2006
- 2006-06-29 DE DE102006030382A patent/DE102006030382A1/de not_active Ceased
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2007
- 2007-06-23 US US12/306,882 patent/US20090304591A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-06-23 WO PCT/EP2007/005555 patent/WO2008000403A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-06-23 EP EP07726139A patent/EP2032017A2/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| See references of WO2008000403A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008000403A2 (de) | 2008-01-03 |
| DE102006030382A1 (de) | 2008-01-03 |
| US20090304591A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
| WO2008000403A3 (de) | 2008-03-13 |
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