EP2030305A1 - Generateur de courant alternatif pour vehicules automobiles - Google Patents

Generateur de courant alternatif pour vehicules automobiles

Info

Publication number
EP2030305A1
EP2030305A1 EP07729841A EP07729841A EP2030305A1 EP 2030305 A1 EP2030305 A1 EP 2030305A1 EP 07729841 A EP07729841 A EP 07729841A EP 07729841 A EP07729841 A EP 07729841A EP 2030305 A1 EP2030305 A1 EP 2030305A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
phase
poles
stator
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07729841A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Reutlinger
Gert Wolf
Alexander Shendi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2030305A1 publication Critical patent/EP2030305A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an alternator for motor vehicles, as it is known for example from DE 31 41 153 Al.
  • This has an originally designed as a flat package laminated core with a three-phase stator winding, in which of the as
  • Claw poles trained rotor poles a circulating with the rotor magnetic field is induced.
  • Such generators have windings with payloads which are an integer multiple of the number of poles and the number of phases, in particular three-phase generators with 12 poles and 3 phases and a number of 36 are useful.
  • three-phase generators in 16-pole execution as generators for motor vehicles are known with 48 grooves.
  • the number of holes q of this machine which is the number of slots N, divided by the number of poles 2p and the phase number m, is an integer and has the value 1 in the aforementioned case.
  • Two-hole winding with 12 poles has 72 slots, a three-phase three-hole winding 108 slots.
  • stator of an alternator for motor vehicles offers over the prior art has the advantage that the aforementioned Limitations in the choice of useful numbers of the stator and the resulting mechanical and electrical disadvantages in the design and manufacture of the winding are at least significantly reduced.
  • the structure of the stator should be improved to the effect that yield favorable punching for the stator laminations, the simplest possible winding technique and a good Nutfullung.
  • This is achieved by the execution of the stator winding as a broken hole winding, in particular pole numbers between 10 and 20, preferably pole numbers of 12 or 16, allow a particularly advantageous structure of the machine under production engineering aspects.
  • Small pole numbers with few claws require high forming forces for the claw poles and make their design more difficult, while too large a number of poles with small gaps between the different pole claws cause higher magnetic losses.
  • the number of slots of the stator winding it is expedient if it is chosen to be greater than 1.5 times the number of poles, preferably greater than twice the number of poles.
  • the upper limit is determined by the manufacturing difficulties in punching filigree groove and Polgeometrien and by the problems Inserting the coils in very narrow grooves.
  • the lower limit for suitable payloads results from a greater harmonic content in the resulting field curve of the generator and thus stronger deviations of the voltage curve from the sinusoidal shape and / or higher losses.
  • Expedient phase numbers in the inventive execution of an alternator for motor vehicles are between 3 and 9.
  • phase numbers require an amplified ripple in the generated voltage and thus increased magnetic noise, so a phase number of 3 should not be lower than the lower limit.
  • High numbers of phases are generally suitable for the design of the machine, but they require an increased interconnection and component cost for the rectification of the resulting voltage in the intended use of the generator as an alternator in motor vehicles.
  • An upper limit of 9 phases should therefore not be exceeded.
  • a five-phase winding can preferably be designed so that an angular offset of 32 ° el to 40 ° el, in particular an angular offset of 36 ° el results between two adjacent phases.
  • a six-phase winding can be conveniently constructed so that the six phases are connected to two star circuits offset by 28 ° el to 32 ° el, preferably by 30 ° el, with the zero points of the stars not being connected.
  • the strands with the same electrical angular offset can be connected in series with each other, wherein in the series circuit each at least one adjacent strand is skipped.
  • the stator windings are preferably constructed of conductor segments.
  • Values between 1/2 and less than 3, preferably values between 3/4 and smaller than 2 have proven to be suitable hole numbers q in a three-phase design of the machine.
  • a hole number q smaller than 1 is generally appropriate.
  • hole numbers between 1/2 and 7/4 suitable but are also here hole numbers less than 1 to prefer.
  • the number of holes should be as low as possible, because otherwise, especially in high-phase machines, the resulting useful number increases significantly with the already mentioned technical manufacturing and winding technical difficulties.
  • the lower limit of the respectively suitable number of holes also results from the resulting number of slots, too low number of slots causing the mentioned disadvantages in terms of the resulting harmonic content in the air gap field.
  • the inventive Bruchlochwicklung is expediently designed as a two-layer winding, because this arrangement many ways when inserting the
  • the stator laminated core is preferably first produced as a flat package, because this simplifies the one hand, the insertion of the winding and on the other hand, the full factor can be significantly increased,temperatur für garchtwicklungig by up to 50%.
  • inventive Bruchlochwicklung can be performed in a design of the stator as a flat package with less overhanging the coils at the beginning and end of the flat package, so that the final bending process of the flat package to the round stator lamination with respect to the introduction of the
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a
  • Fig. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of the broken hole winding for a three-phase machine with 4 poles and 15 grooves in the execution as a two-layer winding, wherein the interconnection is shown only for the phase U, and
  • Fig. 4 shows a detail of the laminated core of the stator in the form of a flat pack.
  • a section through an alternator 10 for motor vehicles is shown.
  • This has inter alia a two-part housing 13, which consists of a first bearing plate 13.1 and a second bearing plate 13.2.
  • the bearing plate 13.1 and the bearing plate 13.2 take in a stator 16, with a nikringformigen laminated core 17, in which inwardly open and axially extending grooves, a stator winding 18 is inserted.
  • the annular stator 16 surrounds with its radially inwardly directed surface an electromagnetically excited rotor 20 which is formed as a claw pole rotor.
  • the rotor 20 consists inter alia of two claw-pole plates 22 and 23, on the outer periphery of each claw-pole fingers 24 and 25 extending in the axial direction are arranged.
  • Both claw pole boards 22 and 23 are arranged in the rotor 20 such that their axially extending claw pole fingers 24, 25 alternate at the periphery of the rotor 20 as N and S poles. This results in magnetically required Klauenpol noteraume between the oppositely magnetized Klauenpolfingern 24 and 25. At the outer edges of the Klauenpolfinger 24 and 25 for
  • the rotor 20 is rotatably supported in the respective end shields 13.1 and 13.2, respectively, by means of a shaft 27 and one respective rolling bearing 28 located on each side of the rotor. It has two axial end faces, on each of which an air filter 30 is attached. These airs 30 consist essentially of a plate-shaped or disk-shaped portion, emanating from the air blades in a known manner. These air filters 30 serve to allow air to be exchanged between the outside and the interior of the electric machine 10 via openings 40 in the end shields 13.1 and 13.2. These are the Openings 40 provided at the axial ends of the end shields 13.1 and 13.2, 30 is sucked through the air by means of the air cooler air into the interior of the electric machine 10.
  • This cooling air is accelerated radially outwards by the rotation of the airs 30 so that it can pass through the air-permeable winding heads 45 on the drive side and 46 on the electronics side. By this effect, the winding heads are cooled.
  • the Kuhlluft takes after passing through the winding heads, or after the flow around this winding heads a path radially outward through not shown in openings.
  • this protective cap 47 covers, for example, a slip ring assembly 49, which supplies a field winding 51 with exciting current.
  • a slip ring assembly 49 Around this slip ring assembly 49 around a heat sink 53 is arranged, which acts here as Pluskuhlkorper.
  • the bearing plate acts 13.2.
  • a connection plate 56 is arranged between the bearing plate 13.2 and the heat sink 53, which connects in the bearing plate 13.2 mounted minus diodes 58 and not shown in this illustration plus diodes in the heat sink 53 in the form of a bridge circuit with each other.
  • the original winding of the machine is designated by 36.
  • the original winding 36 extends over one or more pot pitches of the machine, in present case about two-part divisions. At a maximum, the original winding 36 covers the entire circumference of the machine, as shown in FIG. 3 using the example of a four-pole machine with a broken-hole winding and explained there in more detail. In a Ganzlochwicklung shown in FIG. 2, the
  • Winding always be continued periodically after a pole pair.
  • the original winding extends over a pole pair.
  • Such windings are also constructed symmetrically under the two poles and designed in the case of a plug-in winding, that the winding connections are in the region of the winding head 45 on the drive side of the machine, while in the region of the opposite winding head 46, the conductors formed integrally and bent over in a U-shape are.
  • Fig. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a broken hole winding constructed as a two-layer winding with two coil sides in each groove 34 three-phase winding, for reasons of clarity, only for the phase U, the interconnection is located. The winding is shown for one
  • the original winding 36 thus does not extend over a pair of poles but over two pairs of poles and includes all 15 slots.
  • the many possibilities for the interconnection of the individual coils and for the formation of the winding heads can not be represented graphically exhaustive, but they are familiar to the skilled person and can be designed without inventive intervention according to the overall structure of the machine. In this case, in particular the coil width and the connection of the individual partial coils can be chosen differently than is shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3.
  • the two-layer winding according to FIG. 3 is designed as a loop winding. Often, however, wave windings are possible, which provide manufacturing advantages, because they can be easily wound with a continuous wire. Have loop windings However, shorter connections in the winding overhang 45, the plurality of Tropsmogzieren the winding head can not be shown here and is left to the expert.
  • Fig. 4 shows an advantageous under production engineering aspects design of the laminated core 17 of the stator 16 as a so-called flat package.
  • the individual disks of the laminated core 17 are punched out of straight and flat strip material, then layered and introduced the coils in the grooves 34. Thereafter, the laminated core 17 is deformed together with the finished stator winding 18 to nikringformigen stator, wherein the overhanging coil parts are printed at the ends of the laminated core 17 following its deformation in the associated grooves 34.
  • This method offers in the execution of the stator winding 18 as a broken hole winding special advantages, as by the Bruchlochwicklung the execution and arrangement of the winding 18 can be designed so that reduces the number of overhangs of the winding at the ends of the flat package.
  • the attached tables show combinations of pay numbers and pole numbers for machines with three, five, six, seven and nine phases, whereby combinations that do not lead to a symmetrical design of the machine are underlined, while the realizable combinations are not underlined in the print ,
  • the various tables each contain the possible numbers of numbers between 15 and 150 according to the number of phases and are subdivided according to the
  • the natural phase number m N also plays a role for the feasibility of fracture-hole windings.
  • the number N of integers must be divisible by the natural phase number m N , otherwise a symmetrical winding can not be executed with the respective number of slots.
  • the natural phase number m N results from the p ⁇ 360 ° phase shift of two adjacent slots. Since only voltages with this electrical slot angle or an integral multiple of them can be produced, the
  • GGT (N, 2p) respective number N and the largest common divisor of the number of slots and the number of poles 2p.
  • the natural phase number m N indicates which phase numbers can be realized in a machine. This is the number of phases that is a divisor of the natural number of phases. It follows for a symmetrical system that the natural phase number m N must be equal to a multiple of the realizable phase number m.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un générateur de courant alternatif pour véhicules automobiles, comprenant un rotor (20) dont les pôles (32) sont réalisés sous la forme de pôles à griffes. Pour améliorer les possibilités de configuration du stator de la machine, son enroulement à plusieurs phases est réalisé sous la forme d'un enroulement à nombre fractionnaire d'encoches par phase, ce qui permet de disposer de nombreuses possibilités supplémentaires, notamment du point de vue du choix du nombre (N) de rainures, lesquelles rendent la fabrication à la fois plus simple et moins coûteuse tout en améliorant en même temps les caractéristiques électriques.
EP07729841A 2006-06-07 2007-06-04 Generateur de courant alternatif pour vehicules automobiles Withdrawn EP2030305A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006026402A DE102006026402A1 (de) 2006-06-07 2006-06-07 Wechselstromgenerator für Kraftfahrzeuge
PCT/EP2007/055453 WO2007141230A1 (fr) 2006-06-07 2007-06-04 Générateur de courant alternatif pour véhicules automobiles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2030305A1 true EP2030305A1 (fr) 2009-03-04

Family

ID=38514219

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07729841A Withdrawn EP2030305A1 (fr) 2006-06-07 2007-06-04 Generateur de courant alternatif pour vehicules automobiles

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8354770B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2030305A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5558813B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101467332A (fr)
DE (1) DE102006026402A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007141230A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE502008002481D1 (de) * 2008-07-21 2011-03-10 Siemens Ag Magnetisches Radiallager mit Permanentmagneten zur Vormagnetisierung sowie magnetisches Lagersystem mit einem derartigen magnetischen Radiallager
EP2148104A1 (fr) 2008-07-21 2010-01-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Palier radial magnétique et système de palier magnétique avec alimentation en courant électrique
CN102868268A (zh) * 2011-07-03 2013-01-09 余虹锦 新型双鼠笼结构的气隙磁场电磁调制式永磁电机
JP5279880B2 (ja) * 2011-08-24 2013-09-04 三菱電機株式会社 車両用交流発電機
CN102412638B (zh) * 2011-11-11 2014-04-02 泉州市艺达车用电器有限公司 一种交流发电机的定子及其绕线方法
US20140167547A1 (en) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-19 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Electric machine with fractional slot windings
JP6126147B2 (ja) 2015-02-18 2017-05-10 ファナック株式会社 ３相交流電動機
JP2017118640A (ja) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-29 ファナック株式会社 波巻きコイルを有する電動機及びその製造方法
EP3396815A1 (fr) 2017-04-27 2018-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Stator pour une machine tournante électrique ayant des systèmes de bobines redondants
DE102017216164A1 (de) * 2017-09-13 2019-03-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Rotor einer elektrischen Maschine
US20220271591A1 (en) * 2021-02-07 2022-08-25 Optiphase Drive Systems, Inc. Electric Machine
CN115242001A (zh) * 2021-04-23 2022-10-25 台达电子工业股份有限公司 发夹形导线马达定子

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JPS60131042A (ja) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-12 Toshiba Corp 三相電機子巻線
DE19511920A1 (de) * 1995-03-24 1996-09-26 Siemens Ag Ständerwicklung für eine elektrische Maschine
US5654602A (en) * 1996-05-13 1997-08-05 Willyoung; David M. Generator winding
JP2000341890A (ja) * 1999-05-24 2000-12-08 Denso Corp 車両用交流発電機の回転子

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JP3668938B2 (ja) * 2001-12-11 2005-07-06 三菱電機株式会社 回転電機
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JPS60131042A (ja) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-12 Toshiba Corp 三相電機子巻線
DE19511920A1 (de) * 1995-03-24 1996-09-26 Siemens Ag Ständerwicklung für eine elektrische Maschine
US5654602A (en) * 1996-05-13 1997-08-05 Willyoung; David M. Generator winding
JP2000341890A (ja) * 1999-05-24 2000-12-08 Denso Corp 車両用交流発電機の回転子

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SPOONER E ET AL: "Direct coupled, permanent magnet generators for wind turbine applications", IEE PROCEEDINGS: ELECTRIC POWER APPLICATIONS, INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS, GB, vol. 143, no. 1, 8 January 1996 (1996-01-08), pages 1 - 8, XP006006369, ISSN: 1350-2352, DOI: 10.1049/IP-EPA:19960099 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5558813B2 (ja) 2014-07-23
DE102006026402A1 (de) 2007-12-13
JP2009540781A (ja) 2009-11-19
US8354770B2 (en) 2013-01-15
CN101467332A (zh) 2009-06-24
WO2007141230A1 (fr) 2007-12-13
US20100156230A1 (en) 2010-06-24

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