EP2028876A1 - Lautsprecherspinne - Google Patents

Lautsprecherspinne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2028876A1
EP2028876A1 EP07016325A EP07016325A EP2028876A1 EP 2028876 A1 EP2028876 A1 EP 2028876A1 EP 07016325 A EP07016325 A EP 07016325A EP 07016325 A EP07016325 A EP 07016325A EP 2028876 A1 EP2028876 A1 EP 2028876A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loudspeaker
conductor
rubber
spider
rim
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07016325A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Harris
Jon Nicholls
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harman International Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH filed Critical Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH
Priority to EP07016325A priority Critical patent/EP2028876A1/de
Publication of EP2028876A1 publication Critical patent/EP2028876A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/041—Centering
    • H04R9/043—Inner suspension or damper, e.g. spider

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvement in the spiders of moving coil loudspeakers and in methods of making such spiders. More specifically, this invention relates to a novel loudspeaker spider material and loudspeaker construction, and to electrically connecting the moving voice coil to the fixed loudspeaker terminals.
  • Conventional moving coil loudspeakers comprise a frame, a loudspeaker drive system, a diaphragm, and a suspension system.
  • the loudspeaker drive system is fixed to the frame and includes for example, a permanent magnet, a pole piece, front and back plates, an air gap, and a voice coil.
  • the voice coil is fixed to an inner edge of the diaphragm and arranged such that it is movable in the air gap in an axial up and down direction.
  • the suspension system is required to restore the driving force that the voice coil and the permanent magnet produce and conventionally comprises an annular spider linking the outer edge of the voice coil to the frame, and a surround component also known as edge support linking an outer edge of the diaphragm to the frame, where the spider is responsible for guiding the motion of the diaphragm in the axial up and down direction.
  • the surround is conventionally made from foam, rubber, cloth or the like since a low mechanical resistance in each direction is desired with high damping properties, while the spider is usually made from woven fabric which is treated with a phenolic resin in order to stiffen the spider and provide the desired restoring forces required in the axial up and down direction.
  • the conventional loudspeakers also comprise a pair of lead wires adapted for connecting the voice coil with a loudspeaker terminal mounted on the frame, wherein several problems may be induced from the flying wires connection between the voice coil and the loudspeaker terminal.
  • several proposals have been made to incorporate into the suspension system of such loudspeakers the wires for connecting the voice coil to the loudspeaker terminal.
  • One approach is a spider where a braid is woven into the fabric.
  • the manufacturing of such spiders is labour intensive, highly variable, and, thus, very costly.
  • the woven fabric is treated with chemicals and pressed, the quality of the electrical connection may deteriorate.
  • a loudspeaker spider arrangement comprises: a loudspeaker spider comprising rubber or rubber-like material.
  • the spider has a central opening defining an inner rim, a periphery outer rim, and a spring effect portion provided at a portion located between the inner rim and the outer rim to enable the inner rim to be moved axially up and down with respect to the outer rim when a driving force is applied to the inner rim and be retained to an original equilibrium position after the driving force is released; an integral conductor arrangement which comprises at least one conductor where at least a portion of the at least one conductor extends from the inner rim to the outer rim of the loudspeaker spider.
  • the method comprises the steps of providing one or more insert moulds, the one or more insert moulds being shaped for moulding a loudspeaker spider arrangement; providing at least one conductor; positioning the at least one conductor so that the at least one conductor or part of it is positioned in at least one insert mould; closing the mould; and moulding in each of the insert moulds using rubber or rubber-like material.
  • An exemplary moving coil loudspeaker as shown in its sectional view of FIG. 1 has a metallic pole piece 4, which comprises of a metallic back plate with a cylindrical metallic pole that is centrally attached.
  • a ring permanent magnet 8 is fixed onto the pole piece 4 at the periphery to surround the pole piece 4 with a space.
  • the ring-shaped front plate 7 surrounds the top of the pole piece 4 and thus forms a magnetic air gap 5 between the top of the pole piece 4 and the front plate 7.
  • a voice coil carrier 2 carrying at least one voice coil 6 is freely inserted to the magnetic air gap 5 and is supported outside by a spider 1 which is fixed to a frame 10.
  • the voice coil carrier 2 is also rigidly connected to the centre of a cone-shaped diaphragm 3.
  • the diaphragm 3 is attached to a dust cap 11.
  • the opening periphery of the diaphragm 3 is supported by a surround 9 which is fixed to the frame 10.
  • An electromagnetic effect caused by an electric current passing through the voice coil 6 vibrates the voice coil carrier 2 to drive the diaphragm 3.
  • the current is supplied by an external source (not shown) to a terminal block 12 from which it is transferred to the voice coil 6 by the spider 1 comprising integrated conductors (not shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • FIG. 2 A novel loudspeaker spider 1 with integrated conductors is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • at least one conductor in the present case two lead wires 13
  • an electrically insulating, elastic material 16 that forms the annular spider 1 having two surfaces 14, 15 as well as an inner rim and an outer rim.
  • the at least one lead wire 13 is arranged radially, only having its two ends exposed outside the inner rim and outer rim.
  • the spider 1 comprises corrugations that may have a sinusoidal cross section. Alternatively, triangle-shaped, semicircular, or flat cross sections may be used. Further, the spring effect portion may comprise, alternatively or additionally, thickness variations or varying materials.
  • the electrically insulating, elastic material 16 is rubber or a rubber-like material that may also partly comprise fibrous material such as, but not limited to Nomex, Polyester, Teflon, glass fibre, carbon fibre, Kapton, Nylon, Aramids or eucalyptus.
  • the elastic material 16 may partly or totally surround the lead wire 13 as illustrated the sectional view of the spider structure of FIG. 4 , taken along line A-A of FIG.2 .
  • wires having an annular cross-section wires having different cross-sections, conductive tinsel strands formed into twisted cords, braided and litz wires, or foil conductors may be used as well to provide a flexible conductive path required between the voice coil and the loudspeaker terminals.
  • Flexible foil conductors may be formed from very thin conductive foil comprising aluminium, copper, copper alloy, or silver plated copper alloy. Multiple strands provide the total conductivity needed to minimize heating of the conductive assembly due to power dissipation in the assembly. Braiding or litz configuration of the multiple strands further improves the flex life of the conductive assembly by increasing the flexibility of the conductive foil per unit length of the conductive cord.
  • the at least one lead wire 13 extends outwardly from the outer radial edge of the spider 1 to be connected to the terminals 12 provided on the loudspeaker frame 10.
  • the lead wires 13 may be connected to the terminal 12 by soldering, crimping, induction soldering techniques or the like.
  • the lead wire 13 is crimped at the terminal 12.
  • a conductive foil 13 is used which is electrically and mechanically connected to the terminal 12 by a solder ball 22.
  • the terminal may be, e.g., a tinned metal terminal or the like.
  • solder conductive adhesive is applicable as well.
  • FIG. 7 shows the cross section of the spider 1 at the inner end portion of the integral conductor, the at least one of the lead wires 13, and one end 20 of the voice coil wire 19.
  • the at least one lead wire 13 extends outwardly from the inner radial edge of the spider 1 to be connected to the voice coil 6 which has been wound around a carrier 17 at a position such that it will be located in the air gap 5 when the loudspeaker is assembled.
  • the ends 20 of the voice coil wire 19 are in electrical contact with the lead wires 13 integrated in the spider 1 wherein, e.g., conductive adhesive or a solder ball interconnects the flexible conductor provided by the lead wires 13 of the spider 1 to the stripped area of the voice coil wire 19 provided by the ends 20.
  • the voice coil 6 may comprise solder pads, which are arranged above the spider 1 between the spider 1 and the diaphragm 3 or even above the spider 1 and the diaphragm.
  • the lead wires 13 are an integral component of the spider 1, they are coated with rubber or rubber-like material through the manufacture process and, thus electrically insulated. Accordingly, no further electrical insulation of the lead wires is necessary.
  • the lead wires 13 may be coated at their ends with wax prior to moulding. This wax will be dissipated in the high temperature moulding process, leaving the lead wires ready for interconnection.
  • the lead wires are clamped in a moulding tool and the spider is then moulded by injecting liquid rubber or rubber-like material into the heated tool or by placing the rubber or rubber-like material in a compression moulding tool or any other moulding process. Due to the shape of the moulding tool concentric convolutions at the spring effect portion of the spider 1 are formed.
  • the voice coil wire is stripped of insulation and adhesive in the ends 20, using conventional techniques, where it lies adjacent to the spider 1.
  • a small droplet 18 of conductive adhesive is applied to each voice coil's end 20.
  • the spider 1 After the conductive adhesive is applied to the ends 20 of the wires 19, the spider 1 is positioned with the lead wires over the conductive adhesive 18.
  • the conductive adhesive 18 forms a small conductive fillet between the voice coil wires 19 and the flexible lead wires 13 in the spider 1.
  • a second, electrically non-conductive adhesive (not shown) may be applied around the entire junction of the spider 1 and voice coil carrier 17 to join the spider 1 to the voice coil carrier 17. This adhesive can be applied right over, and cured at the same temperature and time required to cure the conductive adhesive.
  • a similar process may be used for the solder pad option.
  • the non-conductive adhesive has substantially no effect on the proximity, placement, or cure of the conductive adhesive.
  • the diaphragm 3 and the dust cap 11 may be fixed to the voice coil carrier 17 in a similar manner using non-conductive adhesive. After the adhesives are applied, they are cured, thus completing an electrically conductive spider/voice coil assembly. Alternatively, the conductive adhesive or the solder paste may be cured prior to applying the non-conductive adhesive to fix the voice coil to the spider. The spider/voice coil assembly is then mounted into the loudspeaker using conventional techniques such as, for example, non-conductive adhesives, with care being taken to prevent the lead wires 13 from being shorted to the frame 10.
  • the use of the conductive adhesive eliminates problems related to the common practice of soldering this joint.
  • the conductive adhesive provides an effective structural joint with the components it joins.
  • the conductive adhesive also readily bridges and joins to the lead wires 13.
  • Conductive adhesive also eliminates the flux contamination typical with conventional soldering techniques.
  • a soldering process may be as follows: The voice coil and spider are assembled together so that the integrated wires within the spider line up with the solder pads on the voice coil. Solder paste is applied to this joint and an induction head is used to reflow the solder paste creating an electrical connection. An adhesive is used to mechanically join the voice coil spider together, which encapsulates the solder joint.
  • fibres such as, e.g., Nomex, Polyester, Teflon, glass fibre, Kapton, Nylon, Aramids or eucalyptus to the rubber or rubber-like material may be added to enhance the mechanical properties of the spider.
  • FIGS. 8-11 illustrate different conductor structures - in the present case wire structures or foil structures - having different numbers of conductors being incorporated in the spider 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a two conductor structure incorporated in a spider where the two conductors are braided wires 23 arranged in an angle of 180° to each other.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a four conductor structure where pairs of conductors 24 are arranged parallel and equally spaced either side of the centre position along one of the axis where each pair having two conductors arranged in an angle of 180° to each other.
  • FIGS. 10 , and 11 show spiders 1 having three pairs, or four pairs of conductors, respectively, where each conductor is a double litz wire 27.
  • the conductors that are used within the moulded rubber spiders need to be able to carry the required current to power the loudspeaker to the specified power level without burning out and becoming open circuit.
  • the wire conductors that are suitable are litz wires, braided wires, woven wires and other wires that are flexible and can move in all of the x, y and z directions easily without resistance that limits normal voice coil movement within the magnetic air gap. These wires also have a large enough size to be capable of withstanding the temperatures required to carry the required current within the loudspeaker.
  • a temperature limit of the braid has initially been set at about 120 degree centigrade. This temperature value is set so that it is low enough away from the materials melting temperature, but this temperature may be increased depending on the specific circumstances. If the temperature of a single wire, braid or litz wire, reaches this temperature limit then a different wire or additional wires will be required to spread the current and temperature across multiple wires.
  • the number of strands within the litz or braided wires may be increase as only a single wire will be placed within the moulding tool prior to the rubber or rubber-like material being added either by injection moulding or compression moulding techniques or any other applicable techniques.
  • the wire conductor can be held in place within the mould either by clips, springs, or a vacuum. However, further methods to hold such wire conductors are applicable as well.
  • the rubber or rubber-like material is a very complex material that has many different materials blended together.
  • Rubber materials or rubber-like materials are, for example, vulcanised rubbers such as natural rubber, reclaimed rubber, synthetic rubber, alone or in combination, as well as thermoplastic rubber and elastomers. These rubber materials are more specifically SBR (Styrene-butadiene), Butyl, high temperature SBR, Neoprene, Ethylene propylene, Silicons, Nitrile, Norsorex, Norborene and other materials that are blends of these. These different materials require careful engineering design and development to control the principle attribute of the spiders function within a loudspeaker.
  • Such design and development criteria are, e.g., the spider geometry, material, thickness, damping and hardness to ensure that the restoring force is as desired to obtain desirable acoustic performance.
  • a conductor is placed within the rubber or rubber-like material. Careful consideration is required in the choice of conductor to enable the spider to move freely when the spider moves.
  • the heating effect that the conductor has on the rubber or rubber-like material is also an important aspect as already outlined above. As the conductor gets hot this will age the rubber or rubber-like material causing it to become hard and brittle if the incorrect rubber or rubber-like material or the incorrect conductor material and shape is chosen.
  • synthetic rubber materials and compounds may be used that are not affected when in contact with other materials that get hot.
  • an adequate number of wires may be chosen to ensure the wire do not get hot but are capable of carrying the required current.
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a flat loudspeaker having an inverted magnet loudspeaker design.
  • the loudspeaker comprises a frame 30, e. g. a plastic or metal basket, covered on the front side by a cone-shaped cradle 31 which carries in its centre an inwardly opening cup-shaped pole piece 32 to which it is attached.
  • the pole piece 32 is formed with an annular recess 33 for accommodating one edge of a voice coil system 34.
  • the voice coil system 34 comprises a voice coil supported on a carrier, e.g. an axial slit cylindrical aluminum sheet (not shown in detail).
  • the loudspeaker further comprises a spider 35 that resiliently supports the outer edge of the voice coil system 34.
  • the spider 35 is attached on its inner end to the voice coil system 34 and on its outer end to a spider carrier 36.
  • the spider carrier 36 is bonded to the rear portion of the frame 30.
  • a cone-shaped diaphragm 37 is attached in its centre to the voice coil system 34 and in its outer circumference via a rubber surround 38 to the front portion of the basket 30.
  • one current path 40 passes through the spider 35 and another current path 41 through the diaphragm 37, the surround 38 and the frame 30 from a terminal 39 to connection pads 42 of the voice coil system 34.
  • the diaphragm 37 may be made of aluminium, paper, plastics, or composites thereof.
  • the diaphragm 37 may, in particular, be made from Meta-Aramids such as Nomex and Conex, where the conductor is woven within this material during the manufacturing of the cloth. The cloth is then impregnated with a Phenolic resin and the cone is thermally set and moulded into the desired shape to form a cone.
  • Par-Aramids such as Kevlar and other materials such as Technora, Twarron or Xian may also be used. These woven materials are heat resistant and are well suited for such application where a wire conductor is placed in close proximity to the woven material, as high current carrying conductors can be used without effecting, distorting damaging or discolouring the woven materials.
  • Polypropylene materials may also be used.
  • a current carrying conductor may be deposited upon the surface of such materials or etched if the diaphragm is coated with an electrically conductive layer, e.g., copper or the like. The technique of etching or depositing this conductor is the same that is used with printed circuit boards (PCB).
  • the conductor may also be in the form of a copper strip which meets the intended current carrying capacity and intended power requirements.
  • the copper strip conductor may be glued to the diaphragm's surface.
  • the diaphragm itself may form the conductor which may be electrically insulated by a coating or layer of insulating material, e.g., plastics, laquer such as Polyvinyl Chloride, oxide and many others.
  • insulating material e.g., plastics, laquer such as Polyvinyl Chloride, oxide and many others.
  • Other materials that could also be considered are paper, which the conductor is either glued upon the paper surface or a double pulp forming process is used whereby the paper diaphragm is formed and partially dried before the conductor, braid, litz or copper strip is placed on top of the cone-formed diaphragm before a second cone forming is carried out to embed the conductor between the two layers of formed paper pulp. If the conductor is long enough connections may be made at the inside and periphery of the cone for electrical connection to the voice coil and surround components.
  • a conductor be inserted between a closed cell foam material and the coating material that is used to strengthen the composite cone structure.
  • the closed cell foam material can be thermally formed.
  • Another material such as the Nomex and Conex Meta-Aramids or the Technora, Twarron or Xian Par-Aramids along with carbon fibre and glass fibre could also be adhered to the closed cell foam each side or just on one of the sides to increase the structure stiffness.
  • the conductor can be inserted between one of these skins or woven within one of the skins to provide the electrical connection between the voice coil system and a connector terminal prior to thermally forming the composite foam and woven material structure to the desired form or geometry

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
EP07016325A 2007-08-21 2007-08-21 Lautsprecherspinne Withdrawn EP2028876A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07016325A EP2028876A1 (de) 2007-08-21 2007-08-21 Lautsprecherspinne

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07016325A EP2028876A1 (de) 2007-08-21 2007-08-21 Lautsprecherspinne

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EP2028876A1 true EP2028876A1 (de) 2009-02-25

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EP07016325A Withdrawn EP2028876A1 (de) 2007-08-21 2007-08-21 Lautsprecherspinne

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015044368A1 (en) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-02 Pss Belgium N.V. Loudspeaker
WO2017015228A1 (en) * 2015-07-20 2017-01-26 Sonos, Inc. Voice coil wire configurations
CN113518289A (zh) * 2020-04-09 2021-10-19 大原祐子 具有抗噪层导线的喇叭振动片及其制造方法
WO2023072781A1 (en) 2021-10-25 2023-05-04 Pss Belgium Nv Loudspeaker

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6332262B1 (en) 1997-05-22 2001-12-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Kenwood Method of fabricating a loudspeaker suspension device
US20040001603A1 (en) 2002-05-20 2004-01-01 Sahyoun Joseph Y. Audio speaker damper with electrically conductive paths thereon to carry voice coil signals and a method therefore
JP2004172746A (ja) * 2002-11-18 2004-06-17 Bridgestone Corp スピーカーエッジ
US20060159300A1 (en) * 2005-01-19 2006-07-20 Hiroshi Ohara Spider with leadwires sandwiched
EP1768448A2 (de) * 2005-09-21 2007-03-28 Sonion Horsens A/S Durch Spritzgiessen hergestellte Sicke mit integrierten Kontaktierungsleitungen
EP1793648A1 (de) 2005-09-27 2007-06-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lautsprecher

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6332262B1 (en) 1997-05-22 2001-12-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Kenwood Method of fabricating a loudspeaker suspension device
US20040001603A1 (en) 2002-05-20 2004-01-01 Sahyoun Joseph Y. Audio speaker damper with electrically conductive paths thereon to carry voice coil signals and a method therefore
JP2004172746A (ja) * 2002-11-18 2004-06-17 Bridgestone Corp スピーカーエッジ
US20060159300A1 (en) * 2005-01-19 2006-07-20 Hiroshi Ohara Spider with leadwires sandwiched
EP1768448A2 (de) * 2005-09-21 2007-03-28 Sonion Horsens A/S Durch Spritzgiessen hergestellte Sicke mit integrierten Kontaktierungsleitungen
EP1793648A1 (de) 2005-09-27 2007-06-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lautsprecher

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015044368A1 (en) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-02 Pss Belgium N.V. Loudspeaker
US9774972B2 (en) 2013-09-27 2017-09-26 Pss Belgium, N.V. Loudspeaker
WO2017015228A1 (en) * 2015-07-20 2017-01-26 Sonos, Inc. Voice coil wire configurations
US10021488B2 (en) 2015-07-20 2018-07-10 Sonos, Inc. Voice coil wire configurations
CN113518289A (zh) * 2020-04-09 2021-10-19 大原祐子 具有抗噪层导线的喇叭振动片及其制造方法
CN113518289B (zh) * 2020-04-09 2023-12-08 大原祐子 具有抗噪层导线的喇叭振动片及其制造方法
WO2023072781A1 (en) 2021-10-25 2023-05-04 Pss Belgium Nv Loudspeaker

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