EP2021518B1 - Method and device for chlorination of ore-bearing materials - Google Patents
Method and device for chlorination of ore-bearing materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2021518B1 EP2021518B1 EP06761637A EP06761637A EP2021518B1 EP 2021518 B1 EP2021518 B1 EP 2021518B1 EP 06761637 A EP06761637 A EP 06761637A EP 06761637 A EP06761637 A EP 06761637A EP 2021518 B1 EP2021518 B1 EP 2021518B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- melt
- barriers
- reaction
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1218—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes
- C22B34/1222—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes using a halogen containing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/08—Chloridising roasting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/10—Roasting processes in fluidised form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/04—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces of multiple-hearth type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/045—Multiple chambers, e.g. one of which is used for charging
Definitions
- the reactor comprising constructional features presented in the invention can be used in processing of ore-bearing materials in the presence of chlorine and coke with a view to manufacturing metal chlorides as, for example, Fe, Cu, Ti, Sn, Al, Zr, V, Mo, Nb and Ta.
- metal chlorides as, for example, Fe, Cu, Ti, Sn, Al, Zr, V, Mo, Nb and Ta.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a method and a construction of a device for chlorination of ore-bearing materials which can be used for processing ore-bearing materials in the presence of chlorine and coke with a view to manufacturing metal chlorides as, for example, Fe, Cu, Ti, Sn, Al, Zr, V, Mo, Nb and Ta.
- There is known the device and the method of manufacturing tetrachlorides of metals like titanium or zirconium, described in patent specification
US 4595573 , comprising a reaction chamber manufactured of refractory material and located in a closed metal jacket. In a lower part of the chamber there is a reaction zone. The present device is furnished with technological agents' distribution systems that provide heating up of the reaction chamber, filling of the reactor's jacket with gas, feeding the solid reaction mixture containing processed metal and supplying the gaseous mixture containing chlorine through the nozzle placed at the bottom part of the reaction zone. Technological pressure in the jacket exceeds positive pressure in the reaction chamber. Thus a continuous gasflow is ensured being introduced into the device through the technological agents' distribution system and carrying chlorine vapours out of the inner space of the reactor's jacket. Weak point of this chlorinator is low manufacturing capacity for the device does not provide intensive mixing of the processed metal charge and the gaseous mixture and all processes are thus carried out in a regime of laminar or natural diffusion. - There is also known a method of titanium tetrachlorid production, described in patent specification
GB 836079 - Nowadays specific manufacturing capacity related to 1 m2 of horizontal section of the reactor's chlorination chamber in all known types of chlorinating apparatuses, i.e. melting, shaft or fluid bed chlorinators, is practically the same. That is the reason why it is difficult to prioritize any of the devices. When attempting to increase manufacturing capacity of shaft chlorinator with a fluid bed to more than 100t TiCl4 a day serious technical difficulties occur. To distribute chlorine into the whole volume of charge layer uniformly is practically impossible in the equipment with a section larger than 3m.
- The equipment whose technical substance and economically-technological effectiveness mostly resembles presented invention is a device intended for chlorination of titanium content materials described in a patent specification
GB 893067 - The task of the presented invention is to introduce a method of charge chlorination and related constructional design of the reactor that would facilitate increase in manufacturing capacity.
- The mentioned above task is fulfilled by means of the invention that presents a method of chlorination of ore-bearing materials in a reactor in the presence of chlorine and coke with a view to manufacturing metal chlorides as, for example, Fe, Cu, Ti, Sn, Al, Zr, V, Mo, Nb and Ta, whose subject matter consists in the fact that from lateral, directly opposed intake chambers of the reactor, into which powdered charge is continuously delivered together with a pressurized flow of chlorine-air mixture, the upper layer of the melt with temperature of about 850-1200°C including suspended particles of the charge is blown at velocity of 50-500 m/sec through reaction channels directed oppositely and obliquely upwards at an angle of 30-60° into the reaction chamber, where the melt is dispersed into emulsion with active highly developed heterogeneous surface and is consequently carried away through the contact channels directed obliquely upwards at an angle of 30-60° into the discharge chamber, the gaseous reaction products being transferred to condensation in order to separate addition agents and at the same time the salt melt being continuously discharged.
- The invention also includes construction of the reactor for charge chlorination comprising an enclosed-bath shaped body that is partially flooded with the melt and that is furnished with constructional elements intended for batching the charge, introducing air-chlorine mixture, discharging gaseous reaction products, heating up the melt, discharging the melt and cooling the jacket and other constructional elements dividing the inner space of the reactor whose subject matter is that inside its body there are longitudinal and transversal barriers arranged in such manner that they divide the inner space into at least one intake chamber, mixing chamber and discharging chamber which are mutually interconnected with use of a reaction channel directed obliquely upwards and a contact channel; the channels being arranged on different horizontal levels so that ascending flow of the arising melt dispersion is ensured.
- Another subject matter of the invention is that reaction channels and a contact channel are arranged within the longitudinal and transversal barriers so that their chamfering assumes values of 30-60° with respect to horizontal plane.
- And finally, the subject matter of the invention is the fact that inside the body of the reactor, in the area of charging hoppers and inlet nozzles there are pairs of upper and lower longitudinal barriers arranged symmetrically with respect to longitudinal axes of the reactor's body whose chamfered neighbouring surfaces create pairs of longitudinal reaction channels directed concentrically and obliquely in an upward manner, and that in the central part of the inner space of the reactor's body there are upper and lower transversal barriers whose chamfered neighbouring surfaces create a contact channel, the contact channel being arranged over he horizontal level of the reaction channels.
- In a convenient version the longitudinal barriers are arranged at right angels to transversal barriers, outlet sections of the longitudinal reaction channels created within the longitudinal barriers symmetrically with respect to the reactor's axes leading into the mixing chamber and being on the same horizontal level and directed opposite each other.
- The presented technical solution ensures high effectiveness, technologically sophisticated construction and unassumingness in operation of the reactor. It can be utilized in production of titanium or other nonferrous metals as well as in nuclear industry. Specific manufacturing capacity of the new reactor is about 30times higher than with existing types of equipment. Chlorination reactor with overall dimensions 4x3x2 m and a usable volume of 24m3, at gas consumption of 20-40000 m3/h, has a manufacturing capacity of 3800 tons a day. Thus the specific manufacturing capacity amounts to 156t/m3 a day, which is about 30times more than with existing technologies. Apart from that, specific unit power of individual devices manufactured according to the presented invention is also several times higher than with known chlorination apparatuses. The cause consists in easily achievable uniform distribution of chlorine within the reaction zones. Natural internal circulation of the salt melt around the lower transversal barriers against the blown gasflow is very important too. Since it is possible to processes powdered materials there is no need for charge briquetting and the processing costs are thus lowered. The new reactor can be easily automated and manufacturing costs are considerably low. Purpose and advantageousness of the described chlorination process concerning blowing powdered charge into intensive and turbulent salt-melt flow is uniquely determined by the results of practical application of autogenous processes when specific manufacturing capacity of the melting bath process amounts to 55-60 t/m3 a day, which is about 10 times more than with existing processes taking place in a suspended phase.
- Actual examples of the present invention's versions are schematically displayed on the enclosed drawings, where
- pic. 1 features a longitudinal vertical section of the reactor
- pic. 2 features a horizontal section of the reactor in a section plane B-B
- pic. 3 features a vertical section of the reactor in a section plane C-C
- pic. 4 features a longitudinal section of the inlet chamber intended for the powdered charge introduction in a section plane D-D
- The reactor comprises a closed-bath shaped body 1 lined with a refractory material or cooled by a refrigerator construction that is partially flooded with a salt-
melt 2 containing chlorine. The body 1 is in its upper part furnished with devices intended for charge batching, air-chlorine mixture introduction and discharging gaseous products of chlorination, when in the described version it comprises pairs of charginghoppers 3 andinlet nozzles 4 arranged longitudinally and symmetrically to each other on one side and the central outlet nozzle 5 on the other side whose inlet section is equipped with a melt drops catchingdevice 6 that can be in the form of a set of lamellas as it is apparent in the picture 1. In the lower part of the body 1 there is a siphonoutlet 7 located at the bottom of the bath which is intended for discharging the melt. The outlet is terminated by the discharge chute 8. The body of the reactor 1 is further furnished with graphite electrodes 9 includingheat exchangers 10 that serve to heat up thesalt melt 2 at the start up of the reactor or to keep the melt heated at the time of lowered manufacturing capacity, e.g. in an emergency situation. Finally the body 1 is equipped with coolingexchanger circuit 11 that regulates the temperature of the jacket and other constructional features of the body 1 mentioned below. - Within the inner space of the body 1 in the area of charging
hoppers 3 andinlet nozzles 4 there are pairs of upperlongitudinal barriers 12 and lowerlongitudinal barriers 13 located symmetrically with respect to longitudinal axes of the body 1 that dividelateral inlet chambers 14 fromcentral mixing chamber 15. Theinlet chambers 14 and the mixingchamber 15 are mutually connected through pairs oflongitudinal reaction channels 16 that are arranged between the chamfering of the relevantlongitudinal barriers transversal barrier 17 and lowertransversal barrier 18 arranged so that they divide mixingchamber 15 from theoutlet chamber 19 and they are mutually connected through thecontact channel 20 leading from the mixingchamber 15 obliquely upwards at an angle ranging from 30-60°, thecontact channel 20 being located over the horizontal level of thereaction channels 16. - At common operation within the framework of projected manufacturing capacity sufficient amount of heat is produced by ongoing reactions so the electrodes 9 can be switched off. The excessive heat is dissipated from the bath of the body 1 with use of the
cooling exchanger circuits 11 located in thebarriers exchanger 13 located in the electrodes 9. As a result of cooling a protective layer of molten slag consisting of salt-melt particles is formed on the surface of thebarriers - The presented reactor operates as follows:
- Bath of the body 1 is partially flooded with a
melt 2 containing chlorides of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Al and Fe, e.g. used electrolytic solution of the magnesium electrolytic apparatuses. Powdered material, for example titanium cinder and coke powder, is continuously charged through thehopper 3. Through theinlet nozzle 4 the pressurized air-chlorine mixture is introduced into the reactor, the pressure amounting to1-2Atm and the mixture ratio being for example 70% Cl and 30 % air. With use of the electrodes 9 the melt is heated up to 850-1200°C. The flow of air-chlorine mixture enters thecontact reaction channels 16 that are located opposite each other and at the same time symmetrically with respect to the reactor's axes and on the outlet they create a mixingchamber 15. Gas mixture enters thereaction channels 16 at velocity of 50-500 m/sec and carries away the upper layer of the salt-melt in which there are solid particles of the charge suspended. Intensive disaggregating of the melt into an emulsion consisting of gas, melt, salt and foam concurrently takes place in thereaction channels 16 and in the mixingchamber 15. The gas mixture proceeds from the mixingchamber 15 into thetransversal contact channel 20, which facilitates practically 100% utilization of chlorine from chlorinating mixture. - Gaseous products of the charge chlorination are removed form the reactor through the outlet nozzle 5 and then they proceed to condensation with a view to admixture separation, e. g. titanium chlorides separation. Depending on the level of filling up the bath with chlorides of magnesium, calcium, iron and manganese the chemicals are continuously discharged from the reactor through the siphon
outlet 7. The edges oftransversal barriers contact channels 20, are chamfered at an angle of 30-60° and favourably direct the gasflow. Thus the optimum conditions for dispersing the melt are ensured. If the angles are smaller than 30° thecontact channels 20 get choked and the process of melt disaggregating is disturbed by the excessive amount of the melt included in the gaseous phase. If the angles of chamfering exceed 60° the gasflow ricochets from the melt surfaces and the intensity of disaggregating of the melt into drops is lowered, the overall surface of the salt-melt emulsion diminish and manufacturing capacity of the reactor thus decreases. - Aero-hydrodynamic and technological regime of the reactor's operation can be easily controlled by changing the amount of introduced charge and air-chlorine mixture and also by regulating the level of salt melt with use of the siphon
outlet 7. Increase in the level of salt melt in the bath brings about increase in specific melt consumption at blowing through thechannels - The reactor comprising constructional features presented in the invention can be used in processing of ore-bearing materials in the presence of chlorine and coke with a view to manufacturing metal chlorides as, for example, Fe, Cu, Ti, Sn, Al, Zr, V, Mo, Nb and Ta.
Claims (6)
- A method of chlorination of ore-bearing materials in a reactor (1) containing a salt melt (2) in the presence of chlorine and coke with a view to manufacturing metal chlorides as, for example, Fe, Cu, Ti, Sn, Al, Zr, V, Mo, Nb and Ta, characterised in that from lateral, directly opposed intake chambers (14) of the reactor, into which powdered charge is continuously delivered (3) together with a pressurized flow (4) of chlorine-air mixture, the upper layer of the melt with temperature of about 850-1200°C including suspended particles of the charge is blown at velocity of 50-500 m/sec through reaction channels directed oppositely and obliquely upwards at an angle of 30-60° into a reaction chamber (15), where the melt is dispersed into emulsion with active highly developed heterogeneous surface and is consequently carried away through contact channels (20) directed obliquely upwards at an angle of 30-60° into a discharge chamber (19), the gaseous reaction products being transferred to condensation in order to separate addition agents and at the same time the salt melt being continuously discharged (7, 8).
- A reactor for charge chlorination comprising an enclosed-bath shaped body (1) that is partially flooded with a salt melt (2), wherein the reactor body (1) is furnished with constructional elements intended for batching the charge (3), introducing air-chlorine mixture (4), discharging gaseous reaction products (5), heating up (9) the melt (2) discharging (7, 8) the melt (2) and cooling (10, 11) the jacket and other constructional elements dividing the inner space of the reactor, characterised in that the inner space of the body (1) is equipped with longitudinal (12,13) and transversal (17,18) barriers arranged in such manner that they divide the inner space into at least one intake chamber (14), a mixing or reaction chamber (15) and a discharging chamber (19) which are mutually interconnected with use of a reaction channel (16) directed obliquely upwards and a contact channel (20); the channels being arranged on different horizontal levels so that ascending flow of the arising melt dispersion is ensured.
- The reactor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reaction channels (15) and a contact channel (20) are arranged within the longitudinal barriers (12,13) and transversal barriers (17,18) so that their chamfering assumes values of 30-60° with respect to horizontal plane.
- The reactor as claimed in claims 2 and 3, wherein inside the body (1) of the reactor, in the area of charging hoppers (3) and inlet nozzles (4) there are pairs of upper longitudinal barriers (12) and lower longitudinal barriers (13) arranged symmetrically with respect to longitudinal axes of the reactor's body (1) whose chamfered neighbouring surfaces create pairs of longitudinal reaction channels (16) directed concentrically and obliquely in an upward manner, and that in the central part of the inner space of the reactor's body (1) there are upper transversal barriers (17) and lower transversal barriers (18) whose chamfered neighbouring surfaces create a contact channel (20); the contact channel (20) being arranged over he horizontal level of the reaction channels (16).
- The reactor as claimed in claims 2, 3 and 4, wherein the longitudinal barriers (12,13) are arranged at right angles to transversal barriers (17,18).
- The reactor as claimed in claims 2, 3, 4 and 5, wherein outlet sections of the longitudinal reaction channels (16) created within the longitudinal barriers (12, 13) symmetrically with respect to the reactor's axes lead into the mixing chamber (15) and are on the same horizontal level and directed opposite each other.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL06761637T PL2021518T3 (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2006-06-27 | Method and device for chlorination of ore-bearing materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CZ20060305A CZ300896B6 (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2006-05-12 | Chlorination process of ore-bearing material charge and reactor for making the same |
PCT/CZ2006/000045 WO2007131459A1 (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2006-06-27 | Method and device for chlorination of ore-bearing materials |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2021518A1 EP2021518A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
EP2021518B1 true EP2021518B1 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
Family
ID=37571843
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06761637A Not-in-force EP2021518B1 (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2006-06-27 | Method and device for chlorination of ore-bearing materials |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2021518B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE442462T1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ300896B6 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602006009155D1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2021518T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007131459A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102735052A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Melting unit |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109252057B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2021-03-26 | 李梅 | Molten salt chlorination extraction method of low-grade zirconium concentrate |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB893067A (en) * | 1959-10-26 | 1962-04-04 | Titanium Metals Corp | Chlorination of metal-bearing materials |
GB992317A (en) * | 1961-08-09 | 1965-05-19 | British Titan Products | Titanium ore beneficiation process |
SU793941A1 (en) * | 1978-11-29 | 1981-01-07 | Березниковский Филиал Всесоюзногонаучно-Исследовательского И Проект-Ного Института Титана | Method of extracting titanium tetrachloride from coloride pulps |
US4332615A (en) * | 1981-06-29 | 1982-06-01 | Titanium Technology (Australia) Ltd. | Process for beneficiating a titaniferous ore |
US4442075A (en) * | 1983-03-30 | 1984-04-10 | Kerr-Mcgee Chemical Corporation | Titanium ore chlorination process using a molten salt |
JP4430287B2 (en) * | 2002-08-12 | 2010-03-10 | 東邦チタニウム株式会社 | Titanium tetrachloride production equipment |
-
2006
- 2006-05-12 CZ CZ20060305A patent/CZ300896B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-06-27 PL PL06761637T patent/PL2021518T3/en unknown
- 2006-06-27 AT AT06761637T patent/ATE442462T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-06-27 EP EP06761637A patent/EP2021518B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-06-27 DE DE602006009155T patent/DE602006009155D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-06-27 WO PCT/CZ2006/000045 patent/WO2007131459A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102735052A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Melting unit |
CN102735052B (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2015-05-06 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Melting unit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007131459A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
EP2021518A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
ATE442462T1 (en) | 2009-09-15 |
DE602006009155D1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
CZ2006305A3 (en) | 2007-11-21 |
PL2021518T3 (en) | 2010-03-31 |
CZ300896B6 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
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