EP2018495B1 - Lubricating device with lubricating pinion - Google Patents

Lubricating device with lubricating pinion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2018495B1
EP2018495B1 EP07724596A EP07724596A EP2018495B1 EP 2018495 B1 EP2018495 B1 EP 2018495B1 EP 07724596 A EP07724596 A EP 07724596A EP 07724596 A EP07724596 A EP 07724596A EP 2018495 B1 EP2018495 B1 EP 2018495B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricating pinion
lubricating
lubricant
tooth
pinion
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EP07724596A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2018495A1 (en
Inventor
Zdravko Paluncic
Andreas Schönfeld
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Lincoln GmbH
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Lincoln GmbH
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Publication of EP2018495A1 publication Critical patent/EP2018495A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0088—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/082—Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type machines or pumps
    • F04C2/084—Toothed wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/08—Profiling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/08—Profiling
    • F16H55/088—Profiling with corrections on tip or foot of the teeth, e.g. addendum relief for better approach contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N13/00—Lubricating-pumps
    • F16N13/20—Rotary pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
    • F16H57/0431—Means for guiding lubricant directly onto a tooth surface or to foot areas of a gear, e.g. by holes or grooves in a tooth flank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0493—Gearings with spur or bevel gears
    • F16H57/0495—Gearings with spur or bevel gears with fixed gear ratio
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19991—Lubrication
    • Y10T74/19995—Teeth

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transmission with the features of the preamble of claim 1, as it is made GB 1209792 is known.
  • Such a device for greasing of gears is for example from the DE 201 21 923 U1 known.
  • the there designated as sprocket module lubricating pinion has the outer contour of a conventional gear with involute.
  • this known lubricating pinion meshes with a gear wheel to be lubricated
  • the head portion of the teeth of the lubricating pinion located radially outside the pitch circle engages in the foot region of the teeth of the toothed wheel which is located radially inside the pitch circle.
  • This causes the lubricant to be irregularly and unevenly applied to the gear to be lubricated and accumulate particularly in the area of the tooth root of the gear to be lubricated.
  • Object of the present invention is in contrast to provide a lubrication device of the type mentioned, with which an improved distribution of the lubricant is achieved on a gear to be lubricated at the same time as simple as possible construction of the lubrication device.
  • the head height is calculated as half of the difference between the outside diameter of the lubricating pinion and the pitch circle diameter of the lubricating pinion.
  • the head height refers to the height of the region of each tooth projecting radially outward beyond the pitch circle.
  • the head height of the teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion is reduced from about 25% to about 90%, in particular from about 50% to about 80%, from the theoretic profile of the involute toothing.
  • the teeth of the external teeth of the lubricating pinion reduced over the theoritician profile of the involute toothing by about 75% Have head height.
  • the head height is only about 25% of the theoretical profile in the involute.
  • the teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion can have a tooth height that is reduced by about 25% to 50% compared to the theoretical profile of the involute toothing; in particular, the external toothing can have a head height reduced by about 25%.
  • the inventively corrected profile with a reduced head height can also be changed in the contour of the external toothing with respect to the theoretical profile of the involute toothing.
  • the teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion can have a rounded tooth head contour. This can be done, for example, by a larger radius in the region of the tooth tip, which laterally merges into smaller radii.
  • the teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion can have a rounded tooth head contour such that the width of the tooth flanks in the circumferential direction is reduced in a tooth flank section located radially outside the pitch circle relative to the theoretical profile of the involute toothing.
  • tooth head contour of the teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion.
  • the tooth head contour can also be pointed.
  • the lubricating pinion preferably has several from a lubricant supply line outgoing lubricant lines, which opens into at least one lubricant outlet in one of the teeth.
  • the lubricant supply line which may be connected via a lubricant pump with a reservoir, is arranged according to a preferred embodiment of the invention in the region of the axis of the lubricating pinion or in an area close to the axis of the lubricating pinion.
  • At least one lubricant outlet is provided in each tooth flank of the lubricating pinion.
  • the lubricating pinion itself may be at least partially made of metal or at least partially made of plastic. It is also possible that the lubricating pinion and the gear to be lubricated consist of different materials.
  • the outlet openings of the lubricating pinion open into the tooth flanks in the region of the pitch circle and / or in an area between the pitch circle and the root circle, the toothed wheel to be lubricated is lubricated at the tribologically highly stressed points.
  • the outlet openings in the tooth flanks open into transverse grooves or channels which extend in the axial direction of the lubricating pinion and extend over almost the entire axial width of the tooth flanks. This will achieved a distribution of the lubricant substantially over the entire width of the lubricating pinion and the gear to be lubricated.
  • the present invention is not limited to the lubrication of a spur gear designed as a spur gear, but can also be used in bevel gears, helical gears, crown wheels, screws, racks or elliptical gears, which then mesh with the lubricating pinion.
  • a lubricating pinion 1 a lubrication device is shown in detail, which has a pitch circle diameter d.
  • the lubricating pinion 1 meshes with a likewise only partially shown to be lubricated gear 2, which has an involute toothing.
  • a lubricant supply line 4 is formed, from which substantially lubricant lines 5 emanate in the radial direction, which open in the tooth flanks 6 of the teeth 7 of the lubricating pinion 1 in each case a lubricant outlet 8.
  • the lubricant outlets 8 are substantially in the range of the pitch circle.
  • the tooth head contour of the lubricating pinion 1 is shown in the figures in solid lines.
  • the middle tooth of the lubricating pinion 1 in the figures shows, in a broken line, the tooth head contour of the lubricating pinion in the case of a theoretical profile of an involute toothing.
  • the tooth head contour and the tooth height in the lubricating pinion 1 is changed from the theoretical profile of an involute toothing.
  • the head height hk of the teeth 7 of the lubricating pinion 1 is reduced compared to the theoretical profile of an involute toothing.
  • the head height hk is defined as half the difference of the outer diameter dk of the lubricating pinion 1 and the pitch circle diameter d of the lubricating pinion 1.
  • the head height of the teeth 7 corresponds to Lubricating pinion 1 only a value of about 0.2 to about 0.7 of the head height in the theoretical profile of an involute.
  • the teeth 7 of the lubricating pinion 1 therefore penetrate only much less in the foot region between the teeth of the gear 2 to be lubricated.
  • the tooth head contour of the teeth 7 of the lubricating pinion 1 is also changed with respect to a mostly tapered involute toothing into a rounded tooth head contour in the illustrated embodiment. This also causes substantially in the region of the pitch circle on the tooth flanks of the gear 2 to be lubricated is discharged without accumulating in the foot region of the gear 2 to be lubricated.
  • the lubricant discharged from the lubricant outlets 8 opens into axial channels 9 or transverse grooves, which in FIG. 3 are shown to distribute the lubricant across the width of the lubricating pinion 1.
  • the width of the tooth flanks in the circumferential direction is reduced only in a tooth flank section located radially outside the pitch circle.

Abstract

Described is a lubricating device with at least one lubricating pinion (1) for applying a lubricant, in particular grease, which is for example fed through a lubricant line by a lubricant pump from a reservoir, to at least one gearwheel (2) or the like, wherein the lubricating pinion (1) has an outer toothing into which at least one lubricant outlet (8) opens out. The teeth (7) of the outer toothing of the lubricating pinion (1) have a shortened tooth flank profile in relation to an involute toothing, wherein the addendum (hk) and/or the width of the tooth flanks in the peripheral direction are reduced in a tooth flank section which is situated radially outside the reference circle.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Getriebe mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1, wie es aus GB 1209792 bekannt ist.The invention relates to a transmission with the features of the preamble of claim 1, as it is made GB 1209792 is known.

Eine derartige Einrichtung zum Abschmieren von Zahnrädern ist beispielsweise aus der DE 201 21 923 U1 bekannt. Das dort als Zahnkranzmodul bezeichnete Schmierritzel hat die Außenkontur eines herkömmlichen Zahnrads mit Evolventenverzahnung. Wenn dieses bekannte Schmierritzel mit einem zu schmierenden Zahnrad kämmt, greift der radial außerhalb des Teilkreises gelegene Kopfbereich der Zähne des Schmierritzels in den radial innerhalb des Teilkreises gelegenen Fußbereich der Zähne des zu schmierenden Zahnrads ein. Dies bewirkt, dass der Schmierstoff unregelmäßig und ungleichmäßig auf das zu schmierende Zahnrad aufgetragen wird und sich insbesondere im Bereich des Zahnfußes des zu schmierenden Zahnrads ansammelt. Darüber hinaus kommt es teilweise zu einer unzureichenden Schmierstoffversorgung im Bereich der tribologisch hoch beanspruchten und miteinander im Kontakt stehenden Zahnflanken.Such a device for greasing of gears is for example from the DE 201 21 923 U1 known. The there designated as sprocket module lubricating pinion has the outer contour of a conventional gear with involute. When this known lubricating pinion meshes with a gear wheel to be lubricated, the head portion of the teeth of the lubricating pinion located radially outside the pitch circle engages in the foot region of the teeth of the toothed wheel which is located radially inside the pitch circle. This causes the lubricant to be irregularly and unevenly applied to the gear to be lubricated and accumulate particularly in the area of the tooth root of the gear to be lubricated. In addition, it sometimes comes to an insufficient supply of lubricant in the field of tribologically highly stressed and in contact with each other tooth flanks.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es demgegenüber, eine Schmiereinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, mit welcher eine verbesserte Verteilung des Schmiermittels an einem zu schmierenden Zahnrad bei gleichzeitig möglichst einfachem Aufbau der Schmiereinrichtung erreicht wird.Object of the present invention is in contrast to provide a lubrication device of the type mentioned, with which an improved distribution of the lubricant is achieved on a gear to be lubricated at the same time as simple as possible construction of the lubrication device.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Getriebe mit den Merkmalen nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Für die verringerte Kopfhöhe wird die bisher vorhandene Zahnspitze abgenommen. Die Kopfhöhe errechnet sich dabei aus der Hälfte der Differenz des Außendurchmessers des Schmierritzels und des Teilkreisdurchmessers des Schmierritzels. Mit anderen Worten bezeichnet die Kopfhöhe die Höhe des über den Teilkreis radial nach außen hervorstehenden Bereichs eines jeden Zahnes.This object is achieved by a transmission with the features of claim 1. For the reduced head height, the previously existing tooth tip is removed. The head height is calculated as half of the difference between the outside diameter of the lubricating pinion and the pitch circle diameter of the lubricating pinion. In other words, the head height refers to the height of the region of each tooth projecting radially outward beyond the pitch circle.

Bei einer Evolventenverzahnung ist dies in der Regel ein spitz zulaufender Zahnbereich. Wenn nun diese Kopfhöhe gegenüber der Kopfhöhe des theoretischen Profils der Evolventenverzahnung des Schmierritzels verringert wird, dringen die Zähne des Schmierritzels weniger tief in den Fußbereich des zu schmierenden Zahnrads ein. Überraschend hat sich herausgestellt, dass hierdurch eine erheblich bessere Verteilung des Schmiermittels in den tribologisch stärker beanspruchten Bereichen erreicht wird und insbesondere eine ungewollte Ansammlung des Schmiermittels im Fußbereich des zu schmierenden Zahnrads vermieden wird. Gleiches gilt für eine Verringerung der Breite der Zahnflanken in Umfangsrichtung in einem radial außerhalb des Teilkreises gelegenen Zahnflankenabschnitt, wodurch sich ebenfalls vermeiden lässt, dass der Schmierstoff unregelmäßig und ungleichmäßig auf das zu schmierende Zahnrad aufgetragen wird und sich insbesondere im Bereich des Zahnfußes des zu schmierenden Zahnrads ansammelt.With an involute toothing, this is usually a tapered tooth area. If this head height is reduced compared to the head height of the theoretical profile of the involute toothing of the lubricating pinion, the teeth of the lubricating pinion penetrate less deeply into the foot region of the toothed wheel to be lubricated. Surprisingly, it has been found that in this way a significantly better distribution of the lubricant is achieved in the regions subjected to higher tribological stress and, in particular, an undesired accumulation of the lubricant in the foot region of the gear to be lubricated is avoided. The same applies to a reduction in the width of the tooth flanks in the circumferential direction in a tooth flank section located radially outside the pitch circle, which also avoids that the lubricant is applied irregularly and unevenly to the gearwheel to be lubricated and, in particular, in the region of the tooth root of the gearwheel to be lubricated accumulates.

Vorzugsweise ist die Kopfhöhe der Zähne der Außenverzahnung des Schmierritzels gegenüber dem theoritischen Profil des Evolventenverzahnung um etwa 25% bis etwa 90%, insbesondere um etwa 50% bis etwa 80% verringert. Als besonders günstig hat es sich herausgestellt, wenn die Zähne der Außenverzahnung des Schmierritzels eine gegenüber dem theoritischen Profil des Evolventenverzahnung um etwa 75% verringerte Kopfhöhe aufweisen. Mit anderen Worten beträgt die Kopfhöhe nur noch etwa 25% des theoretischen Profils bei der Evolventenverzahnung. Die Verkürzung der Zähne des Schmierritzels erfolgt dabei nur in dem radial außerhalb des Teilkreises liegenden Bereich, da bei einer Verkürzung der Zähne bis auf einen unterhalb des Teilkreises liegenden Wert das Schmierritzel nicht mehr von dem zu schmierenden Zahnrad mitgenommen würde.Preferably, the head height of the teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion is reduced from about 25% to about 90%, in particular from about 50% to about 80%, from the theoretic profile of the involute toothing. To be particularly favorable, it has been found that the teeth of the external teeth of the lubricating pinion reduced over the theoritischen profile of the involute toothing by about 75% Have head height. In other words, the head height is only about 25% of the theoretical profile in the involute. The shortening of the teeth of the lubricating pinion takes place only in the region lying radially outside of the pitch circle, since with a shortening of the teeth to a value lying below the pitch circle value the lubricating pinion would no longer be taken by the gear to be lubricated.

Es ist auch möglich, dass die Zähne der Außenverzahnung des Schmierritzels eine gegenüber dem theoretischen Profil der Evolventenverzahnung um etwa 25% bis 50% verringerte Zahnhöhe aufweisen, insbesondere kann die Außenverzahnung eine um etwa 25% verringerte Kopfhöhe aufweisen.It is also possible for the teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion to have a tooth height that is reduced by about 25% to 50% compared to the theoretical profile of the involute toothing; in particular, the external toothing can have a head height reduced by about 25%.

Das erfindungsgemäß korrigierte Profil mit einer verringerten Kopfhöhe kann auch in der Kontur der Außenverzahnung gegenüber dem theoretischen Profil der Evolventenverzahnung verändert sein. So können die Zähne der Außenverzahnung des Schmierritzels eine abgerundete Zahnkopfkontur aufweisen. Dies kann beispielsweise durch einen größeren Radius im Bereich der Zahnkopfspitze erfolgen, der seitlich jeweils in kleinere Radien übergeht. Die Zähne der Außenverzahnung des Schmierritzels können dabei eine derart abgerundete Zahnkopfkontur aufweisen, dass die Breite der Zahnflanken in Umfangsrichtung in einem radial außerhalb des Teilkreises gelegenen Zahnflankenabschnitt gegenüber dem theoretischen Profil der Evolventenverzahnung verringert ist.The inventively corrected profile with a reduced head height can also be changed in the contour of the external toothing with respect to the theoretical profile of the involute toothing. Thus, the teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion can have a rounded tooth head contour. This can be done, for example, by a larger radius in the region of the tooth tip, which laterally merges into smaller radii. The teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion can have a rounded tooth head contour such that the width of the tooth flanks in the circumferential direction is reduced in a tooth flank section located radially outside the pitch circle relative to the theoretical profile of the involute toothing.

Alternativ hierzu ist es jedoch auch möglich, eine beliebige andere Zahnkopfkontur der Zähne der Außenverzahnung des Schmierritzels vorzusehen. So kann die Zahnkopfkontur auch spitz ausgebildet sein.Alternatively, however, it is also possible to provide any other tooth head contour of the teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion. Thus, the tooth head contour can also be pointed.

Um eine gleichmäßige und gute Versorgung des zu schmierenden Zahnrads mit einem Schmierstoff zu ermöglichen, weist das Schmierritzel vorzugsweise mehrere von einer Schmierstoffzuleitung ausgehende Schmierstoffleitungen auf, die jeweils in wenigstens einen Schmierstoffauslass in einem der Zähne mündet. Die Schmierstoffzufuhrleitung, die über eine Schmierstoffpumpe mit einem Vorratsbehälter verbunden sein kann, ist nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung im Bereich der Achse des Schmierritzels oder in einem achsnahen Bereich des Schmierritzels angeordnet.In order to allow a uniform and good supply of lubricant to be lubricated with a lubricant, the lubricating pinion preferably has several from a lubricant supply line outgoing lubricant lines, which opens into at least one lubricant outlet in one of the teeth. The lubricant supply line, which may be connected via a lubricant pump with a reservoir, is arranged according to a preferred embodiment of the invention in the region of the axis of the lubricating pinion or in an area close to the axis of the lubricating pinion.

In Weiterbildung dieses Erfindungsgedankens ist es vorgesehen, dass in jeden Zahn des Schmierritzels wenigstens zwei Schmierstoffauslässe münden. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass jeder Zahn des zu schmierenden Zahnrads mit Schmierstoff versorgt wird.In a further development of this inventive concept, it is provided that at least two lubricant outlets open into each tooth of the lubricating pinion. This ensures that each tooth of the gear to be lubricated is supplied with lubricant.

Um beide Zahnflanken jedes Zahnes des zu schmierenden Zahnrads mit Schmierstoff zu versorgen, ist nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung in jeder Zahnflanke des Schmierritzels wenigstens ein Schmierstoffauslass vorgesehen.In order to supply lubricant to both tooth flanks of each tooth of the toothed wheel to be lubricated, according to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one lubricant outlet is provided in each tooth flank of the lubricating pinion.

Das Schmierritzel selbst kann zumindest teilweise aus Metall bestehen oder zumindest teilweise aus Kunststoff gefertigt sein. Es ist auch möglich, dass das Schmierritzel und das zu schmierende Zahnrad aus unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen bestehen.The lubricating pinion itself may be at least partially made of metal or at least partially made of plastic. It is also possible that the lubricating pinion and the gear to be lubricated consist of different materials.

Wenn dabei die Auslassöffnungen des Schmierritzels im Bereich des Teilkreises und/oder in einem Bereich zwischen dem Teilkreis und dem Fußkreis in die Zahnflanken münden, wird das zu schmierende Zahnrad an den tribologisch höchst beanspruchten Stellen abgeschmiert.If in this case the outlet openings of the lubricating pinion open into the tooth flanks in the region of the pitch circle and / or in an area between the pitch circle and the root circle, the toothed wheel to be lubricated is lubricated at the tribologically highly stressed points.

Vorzugsweise münden die Auslassöffnungen in den Zahnflanken in Quernuten bzw. Kanäle, welche in axialer Richtung des Schmierritzels verlaufen und sich über fast die gesamte axiale Breite der Zahnflanken erstrecken. Hierdurch wird eine Verteilung des Schmierstoffes im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Breite des Schmierritzels sowie des zu schmierenden Zahnrades erreicht.Preferably, the outlet openings in the tooth flanks open into transverse grooves or channels which extend in the axial direction of the lubricating pinion and extend over almost the entire axial width of the tooth flanks. This will achieved a distribution of the lubricant substantially over the entire width of the lubricating pinion and the gear to be lubricated.

Die vorliegende Erfindung ist dabei nicht auf die Abschmierung eines als Stirnrad ausgebildeten Zahnrads beschränkt, sondern kann auch bei Kegelrädern, Schraubenrädern, Kronrädern, Schnecken, Zahnstangen oder elliptischen Zahnrädern eingesetzt werden, die dann mit dem Schmierritzel kämmen.The present invention is not limited to the lubrication of a spur gear designed as a spur gear, but can also be used in bevel gears, helical gears, crown wheels, screws, racks or elliptical gears, which then mesh with the lubricating pinion.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei bilden alle beschriebenen und/oder bildlich dargestellten Merkmale für sich oder in beliebiger Kombination den Gegenstand der Erfindung, unabhängig von ihrer Zusammenfassung in den Ansprüchen oder deren Rückbeziehung.The invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment and with reference to the drawing. All described and / or illustrated features alone or in any combination form the subject matter of the invention, regardless of their combination in the claims or their dependency.

Es zeigen schematisch:

Fig. 1
ausschnittsweise ein erfindungsgemäßes Schmierritzel, welches mit einem zu schmierenden Zahnrad in Eingriff steht,
Fig. 2
das mit dem zu schmierenden Zahnrad in Eingriff stehende Schmierritzel in einer gegenüber Figur 1 weiter gedrehten Stellung,
Fig. 3
in Perspektivansicht das Schmierritzel nach Figur 1 und
Fig. 4
ausschnittsweise ein erfindungsgemäßes Schmierritzel.
They show schematically:
Fig. 1
a detail of a lubricating pin according to the invention which is in engagement with a toothed wheel to be lubricated,
Fig. 2
the lubrication pinion meshing with the gear to be lubricated in one opposite FIG. 1 further rotated position,
Fig. 3
in perspective view the lubrication pinion after FIG. 1 and
Fig. 4
a detail of a lubricating pin according to the invention.

In den Figuren ist ausschnittsweise ein Schmierritzel 1 einer Schmiereinrichtung dargestellt, welches einen Teilkreisdurchmesser d aufweist. Das Schmierritzel 1 kämmt mit einem ebenfalls nur ausschnittsweise dargestellten zu schmierenden Zahnrad 2, welches eine Evolventenverzahnung aufweist.In the figures, a lubricating pinion 1 a lubrication device is shown in detail, which has a pitch circle diameter d. The lubricating pinion 1 meshes with a likewise only partially shown to be lubricated gear 2, which has an involute toothing.

Im Bereich der Achse 3 des Schmierritzels 1 ist eine Schmierstoffzufuhrleitung 4 ausgebildet, von welcher im Wesentlichen in radialer Richtung Schmierstoffleitungen 5 ausgehen, welche in den Zahnflanken 6 der Zähne 7 des Schmierritzels 1 in jeweils einen Schmierstoffauslass 8 münden. Wie aus der Darstellung der Figur 1 ersichtlich ist, liegen die Schmierstoffauslässe 8 im Wesentlichen im Bereich des Teilkreises. In der Darstellung der Figur 1 berührt der in der rechten Zahnflanke angeordnete Schmierstoffauslass des Schmierritzels 1 das zu schmierende Zahnrad 2, während das Schmierritzel 1 in der Darstellung der Figur 2 im Uhrzeigersinn weitergedreht wurde, so dass der in der linken Zahnflanke gelegene Schmierstoffauslass 8 des Schmierritzels 1 das zu schmierende Zahnrad 2 berührt.In the region of the axis 3 of the lubricating pinion 1, a lubricant supply line 4 is formed, from which substantially lubricant lines 5 emanate in the radial direction, which open in the tooth flanks 6 of the teeth 7 of the lubricating pinion 1 in each case a lubricant outlet 8. As from the representation of FIG. 1 can be seen, the lubricant outlets 8 are substantially in the range of the pitch circle. In the presentation of the FIG. 1 touches the arranged in the right flank lubricant outlet of the lubricating pinion 1, the gear 2 to be lubricated, while the lubricating pinion 1 in the illustration of FIG. 2 was further rotated clockwise, so that the located in the left flank lubricant outlet 8 of the lubricating pinion 1 touches the gear 2 to be lubricated.

Die Zahnkopfkontur des Schmierritzels 1 ist in den Figuren in durchgezogenen Linien dargstellt. Der in den Figuren mittlere Zahn des Schmierritzels 1 zeigt in unterbrochener Linie die Zahnkopfkontur des Schmierritzels bei einem theoretischen Profil einer Evolventenverzahnung. Wie aus dem Vergleich der durchgezogenen Linie und der unterbrochenen Linie ersichtlich ist, ist die Zahnkopfkontur sowie die Zahnhöhe bei dem Schmierritzel 1 gegenüber dem theoretischen Profil einer Evolventenverzahnung verändert.The tooth head contour of the lubricating pinion 1 is shown in the figures in solid lines. The middle tooth of the lubricating pinion 1 in the figures shows, in a broken line, the tooth head contour of the lubricating pinion in the case of a theoretical profile of an involute toothing. As can be seen from the comparison of the solid line and the broken line, the tooth head contour and the tooth height in the lubricating pinion 1 is changed from the theoretical profile of an involute toothing.

So ist die Kopfhöhe hk der Zähne 7 des Schmierritzels 1 gegenüber dem theoretischen Profil einer Evolventenverzahnung verringert. Die Kopfhöhe hk ist dabei als die Hälfte der Differenz des Außendurchmessers dk des Schmierritzels 1 und des Teilkreisdurchmessers d des Schmierritzels 1 definiert. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform entspricht die Kopfhöhe der Zähne 7 des Schmierritzels 1 nur einem Wert von etwa 0,2 bis etwa 0,7 der Kopfhöhe bei dem theoretischen Profil einer Evolventenverzahnung. Die Zähne 7 des Schmierritzels 1 dringen daher nur sehr viel geringer in den Fußbereich zwischen den Zähnen des zu schmierenden Zahnrads 2 ein.Thus, the head height hk of the teeth 7 of the lubricating pinion 1 is reduced compared to the theoretical profile of an involute toothing. The head height hk is defined as half the difference of the outer diameter dk of the lubricating pinion 1 and the pitch circle diameter d of the lubricating pinion 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the head height of the teeth 7 corresponds to Lubricating pinion 1 only a value of about 0.2 to about 0.7 of the head height in the theoretical profile of an involute. The teeth 7 of the lubricating pinion 1 therefore penetrate only much less in the foot region between the teeth of the gear 2 to be lubricated.

Weiter ist auch die Zahnkopfkontur der Zähne 7 des Schmierritzels 1 gegenüber einer meist spitz zulaufenden Evolventenverzahnung in eine in der dargestellten Ausführungsform abgerundete Zahnkopfkontur verändert. Auch dies bewirkt, dass im Wesentlichen im Bereich des Teilkreises an die Zahnflanken des zu schmierenden Zahnrads 2 abgegeben wird, ohne sich im Fußbereich des zu schmierenden Zahnrads 2 anzusammeln. Der aus den Schmierstoffauslässen 8 abgegebene Schmierstoff mündet in axiale Kanäle 9 bzw. Quernuten, die in Figur 3 gezeigt sind, um den Schmierstoff über die Breite des Schmierritzels 1 zu verteilen.Furthermore, the tooth head contour of the teeth 7 of the lubricating pinion 1 is also changed with respect to a mostly tapered involute toothing into a rounded tooth head contour in the illustrated embodiment. This also causes substantially in the region of the pitch circle on the tooth flanks of the gear 2 to be lubricated is discharged without accumulating in the foot region of the gear 2 to be lubricated. The lubricant discharged from the lubricant outlets 8 opens into axial channels 9 or transverse grooves, which in FIG. 3 are shown to distribute the lubricant across the width of the lubricating pinion 1.

Wie insbesondere aus Figur 4 ersichtlich ist, wird die Zahnkopfkontur der Zähne 7 des Schmierritzels 1 in der dargestellten Ausführungsform durch einen größeren mittleren Radius r2, welcher auf jeder Seite in einen kleineren Radius r1 übergeht, gebildet. Die Breite der Zahnflanken in Umfangsrichtung ist dabei nur in einem radial außerhalb des Teilkreises gelegenen Zahnflankenabschnitt verringert. Dieses gegenüber dem gestrichelt dargestellten theoretischen Profil sowohl in der Kopfhöhe als auch in der Breite der Zahnflanken in Umfangsrichtung korrigierte Profil der Zähne 7 des Schmierritzels 1 bewirkt, dass das Abtragen des Schmierstoffes, beispielsweise Schmierfett, verhindert wird, so dass im Wesentlichen die Zahnflanken des zu schmierenden Zahnrads 2 mit Schmierstoff versorgt werden.As in particular from FIG. 4 it can be seen, the tooth head contour of the teeth 7 of the lubricating pinion 1 in the illustrated embodiment by a larger average radius r 2 , which merges on each side in a smaller radius r 1 , is formed. The width of the tooth flanks in the circumferential direction is reduced only in a tooth flank section located radially outside the pitch circle. This over the dashed lines shown theoretical profile both in the head height and in the width of the tooth flanks circumferentially corrected profile of the teeth 7 of the lubricating pinion 1 causes the removal of the lubricant, such as grease is prevented, so that substantially the tooth flanks of lubricating gear 2 are supplied with lubricant.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Schmierritzellubrication pinion
22
zu schmierendes ZahnradTo be lubricated gear
33
Achseaxis
44
SchmierstoffzufuhrleitungLubricant supply line
55
Schmierstoffleitunglubricant line
66
Zahnflanketooth flank
77
Zahntooth
88th
Schmierstoffauslasslubricant outlet
99
Kanalchannel
dd
TeilkreisdurchmesserPitch diameter
dkdk
Außendurchmesserouter diameter
hkhk
Kopfhöhehead height
r1 r 1
kleinerer Radiussmaller radius
r2 r 2
größerer Radiuslarger radius

Claims (12)

  1. A gear unit with at least one gearwheel (2) or the like, having an involute toothing, and with a lubricating device having at least one lubricating pinion (1) for the application of a lubricant, particularly grease, conveyed for example through a lubricant pipeline by a lubricant pump from a storage tank, to at least one gearwheel (2) or the like, in which case the lubricating pinion (1) has an external toothing with at least one lubricant outlet (8) opening into it, the lubricating pinion (1) of the lubricating device meshing with the at least one gearwheel (2) and the lubricating pinion having an involute toothing, characterized in that the teeth (7) of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion (1) have a tooth flank profile which is shortened relative to the theoretical profile of the involute toothing of the lubricating pinion (1), the addendum (hk) and/or the width of the tooth flanks being reduced in circumferential direction in a portion of the tooth flank located radially outside of the pitch circle so that the teeth of the lubricating pinion (1) penetrate less deeply into the root region of the gearwheel (2) to be lubricated.
  2. A gear unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the teeth (7) of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion (1) have an addendum (hk) which is reduced relative to the theoretical profile of the involute toothing of the lubricating pinion (1) by approximately 25% to approximately 90%, and in particular by approximately 50% to approximately 80%.
  3. A gear unit according to Claim 2, characterized in that the teeth (7) of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion (1) have an addendum (hk) which is reduced relative to the theoretical profile of the involute toothing of the lubricating pinion (1) by approximately 75%.
  4. A gear unit according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the teeth (7) of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion (1) have a rounded contour of the tooth tip and in particular have a rounded contour with three radii (r1, r2).
  5. A gear unit according to Claim 4, characterized in that the teeth of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion (1) have a rounded contour of the tooth tip with a relatively large radius (r2) in the region at the top of the tooth, which transitions at each side into smaller radii (r1).
  6. A gear unit according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the teeth (7) of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion (1) have a rounded contour of the tooth tip such that, in a tooth flank portion located radially outside of the pitch circle, the width of the tooth flanks in circumferential direction is reduced relative to an involute toothing.
  7. A gear unit according to one of Claims 1 to 4 and 6, characterized in that the teeth (7) of the external toothing of the lubricating pinion (1) have a pointed contour of the tooth tip.
  8. A gear unit according to one of Claims 1 to 4 and 6 to 7, characterized in that the lubricating pinion (1) has a plurality of lubricant pipelines (5) proceeding from a lubricant feeder line (4) arranged in its axis (3) or in the vicinity of its axis (3), each pipeline (5) opening into at least one lubricant outlet (8) in one of the teeth (7).
  9. A gear unit according to one of Claims 1 to 4 and 6 to 8, characterized in that at least two lubricant outlets (8) open into each tooth (7) of the lubricating pinion (1).
  10. A gear unit according to Claim 9, characterized in that the lubricating outlets (8) are connected by a transverse groove or channel (9), which extends in axial direction of the lubricating pinion (1) particularly over almost the full width of the tooth flanks (6).
  11. A gear unit according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that at least one lubricant outlet (8) opens into each tooth flank (6) and/or transverse groove or channel (9) of the lubricating pinion (1).
  12. A gear unit according to one of Claims 1 to 4 and 6 to 11, characterized in that at least some of the lubricant outlets (8) open into the tooth flanks (6) of the lubricating pinion (1) in the region of the pitch circle (d) and/or in a region between the pitch circle and the root circle.
EP07724596A 2006-05-16 2007-04-26 Lubricating device with lubricating pinion Active EP2018495B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202006007831 2006-05-16
DE202006011330U DE202006011330U1 (en) 2006-05-16 2006-07-20 Lubricating device for applying lubricating grease from a reservoir container to a gearwheel via a pipe from a lubricant pump has a lubricating pinion gear
PCT/EP2007/003666 WO2007131604A1 (en) 2006-05-16 2007-04-26 Lubricating device with lubricating pinion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2018495A1 EP2018495A1 (en) 2009-01-28
EP2018495B1 true EP2018495B1 (en) 2012-08-01

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US (1) US8196489B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2018495B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5294491B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101214242B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2007250288B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0712070A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2651650C (en)
DE (1) DE202006011330U1 (en)
DK (1) DK2018495T3 (en)
EA (1) EA014037B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2390840T3 (en)
TW (1) TWI405926B (en)
WO (1) WO2007131604A1 (en)

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US20100000358A1 (en) 2010-01-07
EP2018495A1 (en) 2009-01-28
KR101214242B1 (en) 2012-12-20
EA014037B1 (en) 2010-08-30
EA200802325A1 (en) 2009-06-30
KR20090018642A (en) 2009-02-20
DE202006011330U1 (en) 2006-09-28
JP5294491B2 (en) 2013-09-18
US8196489B2 (en) 2012-06-12
AU2007250288B2 (en) 2011-09-01
TWI405926B (en) 2013-08-21
DK2018495T3 (en) 2012-10-29
TW200813362A (en) 2008-03-16
CA2651650C (en) 2013-06-11
CA2651650A1 (en) 2007-11-22
WO2007131604A1 (en) 2007-11-22
ES2390840T3 (en) 2012-11-16
BRPI0712070A2 (en) 2012-07-24
JP2009537749A (en) 2009-10-29
AU2007250288A1 (en) 2007-11-22

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