EP2016374A2 - Mikrowellen-positionsmessvorrichtung und positionsmessverfahren - Google Patents
Mikrowellen-positionsmessvorrichtung und positionsmessverfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2016374A2 EP2016374A2 EP07724333A EP07724333A EP2016374A2 EP 2016374 A2 EP2016374 A2 EP 2016374A2 EP 07724333 A EP07724333 A EP 07724333A EP 07724333 A EP07724333 A EP 07724333A EP 2016374 A2 EP2016374 A2 EP 2016374A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- microwaves
- microwave
- actuator
- measuring device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/48—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using wave or particle radiation means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
- F15B15/2815—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT
- F15B15/2869—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. radar or microwaves
Definitions
- the invention relates to a position-measuring method and a microwave position-measuring device for detecting the position of an actuator member of an actuator movably arranged in a movement space of an actuator housing, having a high-frequency microwave antenna arrangement for transmitting microwaves with at least two mutually different frequencies into the movement space and Receiving reflection microwaves formed by at least partial reflection of the transmitted microwaves on the actuator element from the movement space, and with evaluation means for forming a position signal representing the respective position of the actuator element on the basis of a measurement signal formed on the reflection microwaves.
- the known position measuring device has a coupling probe for coupling a microwave signal into the actuator housing, for example a pneumatic cylinder whose piston, ie the actuator member, reflects the waves.
- the interior of the piston forms a waveguide in which the microwaves can propagate from the coupling probe to the piston and reflected therefrom as reflected microwaves back in the direction of the coupling probe.
- an oscillator VCO is provided, which can modulate the microwaves within a predetermined bandwidth, so as to generate at least two mutually different frequencies.
- the absolute position of the piston is determined in a so-called search mode, wherein the frequencies are varied.
- search mode wherein the frequencies are varied.
- Movement of the piston takes place, so that via a phase evaluation, the piston position can be determined.
- the signal of the standing wave is not optimal in every case, so that the piston position in some positions can not be determined with the desired accuracy.
- the evaluation means for forming the position signal from the at least two mutually different frequencies dependent shares in the measurement signal depending on a respective position of the Aktorglieds Furthermore, a position measuring method according to another independent claim is provided for achieving the object.
- a basic idea of the invention is to use microwaves, for example radar waves, with several different frequencies, for example in a range from 10 MHz to 25 GHz, in an expedient manner. coupled into the movement space in a continuously continuous mode, which are then reflected by the actuator member, for example the piston of a pneumatic cylinder.
- the bulb reflects the microwaves to produce reflected microwaves or reflected microwaves, respectively, which are received back by the microwave antenna assembly.
- the reflected microwaves are weighted as a function of the piston position or actuator element position, according to the invention those microwaves or those frequencies of the microwaves have a greater weight in the formation of the position signal, which can expect a higher measurement accuracy, than microwaves, the lower measurement accuracy can be expected.
- the microwave antenna arrangement transmits and receives microwaves with at least two frequencies, so that at least one of these frequencies is more weightable than the other, wherein the weighting depends on the actuator member position and is thus variable.
- the microwave antenna arrangement transmits first microwaves at a first frequency and at least second microwaves with at least one second frequency different from the first frequency into the movement space.
- the evaluation means of the position measuring device weight one of the first frequency-dependent first frequency-dependent component of the measurement signal and at least one of the at least second frequency-dependent second frequency-dependent component of the measurement signal as a function of a respective position of the actuator member in order to form the position signal.
- the position of the actuator element can be determined with high accuracy, eg to 10 microns. However, it is particularly expedient to transmit microwaves with at least one further transmission frequency, ie at least one third transmission frequency, and to receive the reflecting microwaves produced by them and to weight them in accordance with the invention so that at least one redundancy is present.
- Weighting may even go so far as to weight one or more of the frequencies that would produce particularly high inaccuracy with zero, i. to be hidden, so to speak.
- the evaluation means form an average of at least two weighted frequency-dependent portions of the measurement signal.
- a share with a greater weight is more in the middle of a proportion than a share with a lower weight.
- non-ideal conditions caused by, for example, noise, unwanted reflections or the like can be reduced.
- the measured values are expediently averaged so that influences of components with unfavorable frequencies at a position due to low weighting or even suppression are low.
- a measure of the accuracy of a portion of the measurement signal is, for example, the magnitude of a gradient of the measurement signal at a position of the actuator member in the movement space.
- the evaluation means suitably weight a larger gradient amount or a larger gradient of the respective frequency-dependent component of the measurement signal more strongly than a component with a smaller gradient amount.
- a fraction of the measurement signal is completely masked out when its gradient is zero or near zero.
- the evaluation means weight e.g. one of the frequency-dependent components or a plurality of the components of the measurement signal with zero, if the amount of its gradient falls below a predetermined value.
- portions or portions with larger amounts of the gradient are weighted more heavily.
- the position measuring device has a mixing device for mixing, for example multiplying, transmitted microwaves with the reflection microwaves.
- the output signal of the mixing device forms the measurement signal, which has several components with different frequencies.
- a phase difference measurement is performed.
- the position measuring device acquires the position of the actuator element on the basis of a phase difference between transmitted and received microwaves.
- the phase difference is caused by a transit time of the microwaves from the antenna arrangement to the actuator element and from there back to the antenna arrangement.
- the measurement signal contains, for example, a DC value or DC voltage value multiplied by a cosine value of the phase difference.
- the measurement signal may also have a DC value or DC value multiplied by a sine value of the phase difference.
- the cosine value corresponds for example to a real part of a complex reflection factor, the sine value to an imaginary part of a complex reflection factor.
- phase o-5 of a phase difference which influences the measurement signal is weighted as a function of its respective gradient value. If a large magnitude gradient in the phase signal or phase difference signal is present at one position, it is weighted more heavily than any other phase signal or phase difference signal which has a smaller gradient at this position. Furthermore, it is conceivable to weight the real part or the imaginary part of a complex reflection factor instead of the phase or the phase difference according to the invention.
- a phase characteristic or phase difference profile can be formed as the 20 arctangent of a sine value of a phase difference signal or phase difference signal in relation to a cosine value of the signal.
- mismatches of the microwave antenna assemblies to the waveguide which can not be avoided in practice, are not achievable. It is within the scope of the invention to give greater weight to steeper and less steep sections of frequency-dependent components caused by such mismatches, if its gradient at the respective position of the Aktorgliedes is steeper than at any other proportion of the measurement signal, which has a less steep course, for example, also due to the mismatch. Furthermore, deliberate mismatches of the microwave antenna arrangements can also be brought about within the scope of the invention in order to obtain steeper and less steep sections of frequency-dependent components on the measurement signal, for example at predetermined positions where otherwise no sufficiently accurately evaluable measurement signal would be available.
- the position measuring device may for example comprise a data record, e.g. a table, are stored in the weighting factors for a respective position of the Aktorgliedes.
- the weighting factors can be determined, for example, in a learning mode and / or programmed using a parameterization tool, for example a personal computer.
- the weighting factors it is expediently investigated to what extent a small change in the position of the actuator element at a respective transmission frequency, for example at a first transmission frequency, causes the greatest possible change in the measurement signal.
- this change around the position to be determined at the moment may be lower, for example, so that the first frequency is weighted more heavily at the current position.
- signal frequencies cause a strong change in the measurement signal in an environment around a respective position of the actuator member. These signal frequencies are weighted more heavily, so that the position of the Aktorglieds can be determined more accurately.
- the table with weighting factors for the respective positions of the actuator member can determine the evaluation means in the learning mode, for example, so that the actuator member moves sequentially and / or continuously individual positions.
- a stronger and a smaller change of the measuring signal by a respective frequency-dependent component is possible, for example, by a comparison between current measured values and previous measured values. In this way, for example, a gradient can be determined.
- the propagation velocity of the microwaves is expediently taken into account mathematically. An evaluation of the calibration of the position measuring device is useful.
- the microwaves are conveniently sent in a continuous mode. It is understood that the application 5 of the invention is also possible in a discontinuous mode.
- the actuator equipped with the position detection device according to the invention is expediently a linear actuator.
- the actuator can be driven electrically, fluidically, for example, pneumatically or hydraulically.
- a so-called hybrid drive which is electrically and fluidically driven, is advantageous.
- an expedient variant of the invention provides that in addition to the first and at least second microwaves having first and second frequencies
- At least one third frequency is transmitted and received as reflection microwaves, wherein the evaluation means for weighting a portion of the third microwaves in relation to the proportions of the first and at least second microwaves to the measurement signal in dependence on the each
- the evaluation means can then optionally selectively provide the first, the second or the third frequency-dependent components of the measurement signal with weighting factors, optionally filtering them out.
- FIG. 1 shows a sectional and partially schematic view of an actuator equipped with a position-measuring device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a partial block diagram of evaluation means of the position measuring device according to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 shows three frequency-dependent phase difference signals as
- Actuator according to Figure 1 is ideally adapted to the waveguide
- FIG. 4 shows a phase difference, dependent on a position of an actuator element of the actuator according to FIG. 1, of one of the phase difference signals according to FIG. 3,
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of the evaluation means of the position measuring device according to FIG. 1, FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of the evaluation means of the position-measuring device according to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 7 shows real phase differences depending on a position of an actuator element of the actuator according to FIG. 1 of one of phase difference signals, similar to FIG. 3, albeit in a microwave antenna of the actuator according to FIG. 1 which is not ideally adapted to the waveguide;
- a pneumatic working cylinder 10 forms an actuator 11, in particular a fluidic actuator.
- an actuator member 14 is linearly reciprocatingly arranged.
- the actuator member 14 is formed by a piston 15 of the working cylinder 10.
- it is a pneumatic cylinder with a piston rod, which also rodless variants, electric drives, combined e- lektro-pneumatic actuators, especially linear actuators are readily possible.
- a valve assembly 16 for example, has a 2/2 valve, feeds compressed air 17 from a compressed air source 18 via compressed air connections 19, 20 in the movement space 12 or allows the outflow of compressed air from the compressed air connections 19, 20 to the piston To drive 15, which divides the movement space 12 into two unspecified sub-chambers.
- a seal 21 is provided for this purpose.
- a middle part 22 of the housing 13 is closed at the end by a bearing cap 23 and a closure cover 24, and thus limits the movement space or the piston chamber 12.
- the bearing cap 23 is provided by a piston rod 25 penetrated, which forms a Kraftabgriffselement the working cylinder 19.
- a position measuring device 30 serves to detect the position of the actuator member 14 within the movement space 12, s, for example, a distance 31 of the piston 15 from an end stop 32.
- the end stop 32 is advantageously formed by a protective device 33, for example a plastic element, which is a microwave antenna arrangement 34 of the position measuring device 30 against mechanical influences, for example, pressure surges, impact of the piston 15 or the like, protects.
- the microwave antenna assembly 34 includes a coupling probe 35 for transmitting and receiving high frequency microwave, for example, in a frequency range of about 10 15 MHz to 25 GHz.
- the coupling probe 35 may e.g. to be a metallic probe.
- the coupling probe 35 contains a plastic element 36, which has a radiation area 38 towards the movement space 12, to which a channel section 37 adjoins to the rear.
- the channel section 37 forms a
- the radiation area 38 is designed, for example, in a stepped cylinder.
- the plastic element 36 (it could also consist of ceramic or another dielectric) is internally and externally provided with an electrically conductive coating 39, 40.
- the channel section 37 connects
- the emission area 38 with a high-frequency device 41, for example a high-frequency board or the like, and an evaluation device 42.
- microwave 43 By means of the high-frequency device 41 signals microwave 43 can be generated, which couples the coupling probe 35 in the movement space 12.
- the movement space 12 forms a waveguide 26, the microwaves 43 to the actuator member 14th which reflects the microwaves 43 and forms reflection microwaves 44.
- the coatings 39, 40 are electrically connected to the high-frequency device 41, which contains unspecified coupling elements and coupling elements, for example capacitors, millimeter-wave integrated circuits (ICs), directional couplers or the like. These components are arranged on a substantially planar rear end-side support structure 45.
- the radio-frequency device 41 can transmit the microwaves 43 in different frequencies fl, f2 and f3 as well as other unspecified frequencies.
- microwaves 43 which includes, for example, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) or the like, generates microwaves 43 having reference phases .phi.O.sub.1, .phi.O.sub.2, and .phi.O.sub.3 having the frequencies f.sub.1 to f.sub.3 transmitted to the waveguide 26 by the coupling probe 35. Furthermore, the microwaves 43 with reference phases ⁇ O1, ⁇ O2 and ⁇ O3 are conducted via a line 62 to the mixing device 48.
- VCO voltage-controlled oscillator
- the high-frequency device 41 as well as the evaluation device 42, which contains or forms evaluation means in the sense of the invention, are electrically connected to one another and expediently arranged on the same support structure 45.
- the evaluation device 42 determines based on the running time and / or the phase difference between the microwaves 43, 44 a respective position x, for example, corresponds to the distance 31, the actuator member 14 within the movement space 12.
- the evaluation device 42 includes, for example, a processor 46, a memory 47 and / or other electronic components, such as ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits) or the like.
- the evaluation device 43 and / or the high-frequency device 41 contain a mixing device 48 for mixing, in particular for multiplying the transmitted into the movement space 12 microwaves 43, ie the piston 15 toward running microwaves, with the reflected from the piston 15, returning microwaves 44th
- the output signal 49 forms a measurement signal 50 in the present case.
- the measurement signal 50 contains, for example, components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a, which depend on frequencies fl, f2, f3 of the transmitted or received reflection microwaves 43, 44 ,
- the components Uglla to Ugl3a are, for example, cosine values of phase differences ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 multiplied by a direct voltage value U0, which in turn depend on the frequencies fl, f2 and f3, for example according to the following formulas:
- the indices 1 to 3 mean the dependence on the frequencies fl to f3.
- ⁇ l to ⁇ 3 are the wavelengths and kl, k2 and k3 are the wavenumbers of the microwaves 43, 44 as a function of the frequencies fl, f2 and f3.
- the phase differences ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 are the differences between phases ⁇ 1 (x), ⁇ 2 (x) and ⁇ 3 (x) of the reflected microwaves 44 and the reference phases ⁇ 01, ⁇ 02 and ⁇ 03, depending on the position x of the actuator member 14.
- the microwaves 44 are received by the coupling probe 35 and coupled as a signal 64 in a closed with a resistor 60 line 61, which leads to the mixing device 48.
- the output signal 49 of the mixer 48 corresponds to the portions (e.g., voltages) Uglla, Ugl2a, and Ugl3a that depend on frequencies fl, f2, f3 of the transmitted and received reflection microwaves 43, 44, respectively.
- the reference phase .phi.O.sub.l, the phase .phi.l (x) and the component U.sub.glla are shown by way of example. These values arise when the generator 58 generates microwaves 43 at the frequency fl.
- FIG. 3 shows the cosinusoidal courses of the components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a.
- the evaluation means or the evaluation device 42 first determines an absolute position x of the actuator member 14 in the movement space 12.
- the processor 46 first determines the absolute position x based on at least two of the components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a. For example, it evaluates two of the formulas (1), (2) and (3) in the manner of a linear system of equations.
- the application of a minimum least squares method is also conceivable for determining the absolute position x of the actuator member 14.
- the inventors have recognized that the shares Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a not at every position x make a sufficient measurement accuracy and position determination possible. This is where the invention begins:
- the evaluation device 42 weights the components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a as a function of a respective position x of the actuator member 14.
- the memory 47 there is a table 51 with weighting factors gll, gl2, gl3 for a position xl, weighting factors g21, g22, g23 for a position x2, g31, g32, g33 for a position x3 of the actuator member 14 and other weighting factors, not shown for reasons of clarity, stored for further positions x of the actuator member 14.
- the table 51 can be parameterized, for example, via a parameterization interface 57.
- the microwave position measuring device 30 can automatically generate the table 51 in a type of learning mode in which the actuator member 14 is positioned within the movement space 12 and the evaluation device 42 the respective components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a at these positions for their accuracy, in particular their Gradients at the respective positions, analyzed.
- the evaluation device 42 weights the components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a with a set of weighting factors gll, gl2, gl3 at a position xl, g21, g22, g23 at a position x2 and g31, g32, g33 at a position x3 of the actuator member 14.
- the Weighting Factors gll to gl3 can also be 0 at a respective position x1, x2 or x3.
- the weighting factors g11 to g33 can advantageously be used to linearize a position signal 52 which the evaluation device 42 generates based on the components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a, and / or the components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a.
- the position signal 52 represents a respective position x of the actuator member 14 in the movement space 12.
- the position signal 52 is for example an analog, suitably linear, voltage signal Up as a function of the position x, a digital output signal or the like.
- the position signal 52 is advantageously a mean value formed on the basis of the weighted components gll-gl3, g21-g23, g31-g33, portions Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a.
- the weighting factors gll-gl3, g21-g23, g31-g33 advantageously each form the same total sum, for example 1 in each case.
- the evaluation device 42 sends the position signal 52, e.g. wired (not shown) or wirelessly with an antenna 58.
- the components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a have a greater accuracy in the region of their zero points than in the range of their minimum values Uo and Maxima + Uo.
- the proportion Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a change relatively little in a change in position of the actuator member 14 in the x-direction. It is conceivable, for example, for the evaluation device 42 to evaluate the components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a only if they are located at an arbitrary position x within a corridor 53 which is delimited by an upper and a lower limit value 54, 55.
- the components Uglla and Ugl2a have a large gradient or a large gradient. Accordingly, for example, the weighting factors gll and gl2 associated with the portions Uglla and Ugl2a are large, whereas the weighting factor gl3 associated with the portion Ugl3a is small.
- the proportion Ugl3a is outside the corridor 53. The slope of the partly Ugl3a is relatively small outside the corridor 53 and thus also at the position xl.
- the evaluation device 42 has already roughly determined the absolute position x1 of the actuator element 14 on the basis of the evaluation of equations (1) to (3), it would even be possible for the evaluation device 42 to determine the position xl using only one of the two components Uglla or Ugl2a determined on the measurement signal 50, for example by an arcs cosinus evaluation of equations (1) or (2).
- the weighting factor g21 assigned to the component Uglla is expediently 1, the weighting factors g22 and g23 are advantageously 0, because only the component Uglla has an optimum gradient at this position x2.
- the portion Uglla has at x2 e.g. a gradient grl.
- the gradients gr2 and gr3 of the components Ugl2a and Ugl3a are at x2, e.g. much smaller than the gradient grl.
- the weighting factor g31 assigned to the component Uglla is advantageously 0, because the signal Uglla has a small slope at this point.
- the cosine value at x3 is close to the lower maximum -UO or the lower vertex.
- the proportions Ugl2a and Ugl3a are expediently weighted with higher weighting factors g32 and g33.
- the evaluation device 42 forms an average based on the weighted components Ugl2a and Ugl3a multiplied by the weighting factors g32 and g33.
- the signal Uglla forms a redundant signal at position x3, for example.
- FIG. 4 shows an example curve of the phase difference ⁇ 1, wherein the signal ⁇ 1 is adjusted by a 360 ° or 2 ⁇ periodicity.
- a dashed line 56 indicates a not-adjusted phase difference ⁇ l 1 .
- the gradient of a component Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a represents a suitable criterion for a cosinusoidal profile according to formulas (1), (2) and (3), which component Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a are higher should be weighted and which lower.
- the same procedure is possible in principle.
- the phase signal ⁇ 1 is respectively applied between positions x1 and x4, x6 and x7 and x8 and x9 with a non-zero weighting factor, e.g. greater than zero, rated and outside these positions with a weighting factor 0.
- a non-zero weighting factor e.g. greater than zero
- the evaluation device 42 - as well as any other evaluation means according to the invention - can determine the weighting factors at a position x as it were online, for example by evaluating the respective gradients the frequency-dependent components Uglla, Ugl2a and Ugl3a. Saved weighting factors, for example table 51, are then unnecessary.
- the evaluation device 42 may relate the gradients gr1, gr2 and gr3 to one another in order to determine the weighting factors g21, g22 and g23.
- the evaluation device 42 can select, for example, at least one of the components Uglla, Ugl2a or Ugl3a, which has the largest gradient grl, gr2 and gr3 at a position x, and weight one or more components Uglla, Ugl2a or Ugl3a with zero, eg at x2 the shares Ugl2a and Ugl3a.
- the proportions Uglla to Ugl3a were each ideal because the microwave antenna assembly 34 was ideally matched to the waveguide 26. This is not the case in the following embodiment.
- the second exemplary embodiment of an evaluation device 42 'described below with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9 serves to explain that instead of a sinusoidal or cosinusoidal component of the measurement signal 50, other components, for example real parts of a complex reflection function, are also used.
- the same or similar 5 components are provided with the same reference numerals.
- the evaluation device 42 in addition to the mixing device 48, the evaluation device 42 'includes a second mixing device 71 for generating sinusoidal components Ugllb, Ugl2b and Ugl3b on the measurement signal 50.
- the signal 62 with the reference phases ⁇ Ol, ⁇ 02 o and / or ⁇ O3 is first a delay element 70, eg a ⁇ / 4-line or a so-called 90-degree hybrid supplied.
- the delay element 70 causes a change in the phase position of the signal 63 by 90 °.
- the output signal 73 of the delay element 70 and the signal 64 are supplied to the mixing device 71, which generates the output signal Ugllb (fl) in accordance with the following formula, for example, when it is acted on by the frequency fl.
- portions Ugl2b and Ugl3b dependent on the frequencies f2 and f3 are available as output signals 72 at the output of the mixer 71 when the generator operates at frequencies f2 and f3.
- the parts Uglla and Ugllb can also be represented as the real parts and imaginary parts of a complex reflection factor according to formulas 8 and 9 below:
- the ideal profiles Ugllai (fl) and Ugllbi (fl) according to FIGS. 8 and 9 are formed.
- the index i means ideal course, which results in an antenna arrangement 35 which is ideally adapted to the waveguide 26.
- mismatches of the antenna arrangement 34 it has also been found advantageous to present mismatches of the antenna arrangement 34 to take advantage of the waveguide 26 in the weighting of the proportions of the measurement signal. It is even within the scope of the concept according to the invention to intentionally cause mismatches of the respective antenna arrangement to the respective waveguide, in order to generate profiles of components on the measurement signal which are currently not ideal and have stronger and larger and smaller gradients.
- the real curves (index r) Ugllar (fl) and Ugllbr (fl) have gradients that deviate from the gradients of the ideal curves Ugllai (fl) and Ugllbi (l).
- the signal Ugllar (fl) has a zero crossing and a maximum gradient. At this point, the signal Ugllar (fl) is evaluated. Even at a position x3, the signal Ugllr (fl) is heavily weighted by the evaluation device 42 '.
- the portion Ugllar (fl) has a small gradient and is weighted less or even weighted with a factor zero and thus hidden.
- FIG. 7 shows phase difference profiles ⁇ 1 (x) and ⁇ 2r (x), which are due to an already existing and / or deliberately induced mismatch of the antenna arrangement 34 to the antenna array 34 Waveguides 26 are effected.
- ideal courses are shown for comparison.
- the signal ⁇ r (x) has a steep gradient at the position xl.
- the signal ⁇ lr (x) is flatter.
- the signal ⁇ 2r (x) which depends on the frequency f2, is expediently evaluated.
- the evaluation device 42 'forms the signal ⁇ 2r (x), for example, as an arctangent according to the following formula (10):
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE200610021206 DE102006021206A1 (de) | 2006-05-06 | 2006-05-06 | Mikrowellen-Positionsmessvorrichtung und Positionsmessverfahren |
PCT/EP2007/003396 WO2007128387A2 (de) | 2006-05-06 | 2007-04-18 | Mikrowellen-positionsmessvorrichtung und positionsmessverfahren |
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EP2016374A2 true EP2016374A2 (de) | 2009-01-21 |
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EP07724333A Withdrawn EP2016374A2 (de) | 2006-05-06 | 2007-04-18 | Mikrowellen-positionsmessvorrichtung und positionsmessverfahren |
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EP (1) | EP2016374A2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101460812A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006021206A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007128387A2 (de) |
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DE102007003389B4 (de) | 2007-01-23 | 2011-03-03 | Festo Ag & Co. Kg | Aktor mit Positionsmessvorrichtung |
EP3076030A1 (de) * | 2015-04-02 | 2016-10-05 | SICK STEGMANN GmbH | Positionsmesssystem |
CN105352457B (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-12-29 | 西北工业大学 | 具有截止波导辐射口的点频高速微波近距测量方法 |
CN106524933A (zh) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-22 | 厦门乃尔电子有限公司 | 一种辐射端口加载金属反射面的微波探头 |
EP3483567A1 (de) | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Winkelsensor mit ringförmigem hohlleiter als massverkörperung |
EP3957868A1 (de) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-02-23 | Precision Nanosensors Inc | Kolben-zylinder-einheit mit kolbenpositionserfassungseinheit und kollimator |
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DE19833220A1 (de) * | 1997-12-15 | 1999-06-17 | Mikrowellen Technologie Und Se | Abstandsmeßvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Abstandes |
DE10205904A1 (de) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-21 | Mikrowellen Technologie Und Se | Abstandsmessvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Abstands |
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2006
- 2006-05-06 DE DE200610021206 patent/DE102006021206A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2007
- 2007-04-18 CN CN 200780016451 patent/CN101460812A/zh active Pending
- 2007-04-18 EP EP07724333A patent/EP2016374A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-04-18 WO PCT/EP2007/003396 patent/WO2007128387A2/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2007128387A3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102006021206A1 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
CN101460812A (zh) | 2009-06-17 |
WO2007128387A3 (de) | 2008-12-18 |
WO2007128387A2 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
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