Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for access control with a locking member having a lock, an actuator for the locking member, an electronic key, an electrical circuit with a receiving unit for receiving identification data of the key and an evaluation circuit for determining the access authorization on the basis of the received identification data wherein the evaluation circuit cooperates with the actuator and / or the locking member for selectively enabling or disabling the lock.
• Electronic keys are understood to mean different configurations and in particular cards, key fobs and combinations of mechanical and electronic keys.
• Access control devices of the type mentioned are known in various designs.
• radio-controlled locks in particular for the locking and unlocking of car doors, known, wherein a mobile electronic key is provided, which sends identification data, possibly encrypted, to a receiver of the lock via a radio link.
• the lock has an electrical circuit for evaluating, possibly decrypting, the received information, wherein the lock is actuated as soon as the access authorization has been determined on the basis of the received identification data.
• transponder keys are also used. To operate the lock, the transponder key need only be brought into the proximity of a few centimeters to a transceiver unit of the lock, the identification data stored in the transponder key being read out inductively.
• HAN human area networks
• the skin of the person carrying the electronic device is used as the transmission medium for the data exchange between at least two electronic devices, whereby the data is not transmitted by electromagnetic waves or light.
• HAN human area networks
• a capacitive near field whereby a transmitter is generally provided which generates a capacitive near field and has means for coupling the near field to the skin of the respective person Data modulated onto the electric field are subsequently received by a transmitter and evaluated accordingly.
• the present invention aims to simplify the management of access control and to improve conventional access control systems to increase security, reduce tampering with unauthorized persons, prevent operator error, and increase reliability, ease of use, and longevity become.
• the access control device of the type mentioned above is substantially further developed such that the electronic key has means for generating a capacitive near field through which the identification data are transmitted, and a device for coupling the capacitive near field to the key carrying the key Person, and that the receiving unit of the lock comprises at least one capacitive coupling surface, so that upon contact of the lock or when approaching the lock by the person closes an AC circuit and an electrical flow through the castle arises, which can be detected by the receiving unit. Because the transmission of the identification data from the electronic key to the lock takes place with the aid of a capacitive near field, the electronic key itself does not have to be in the immediate vicinity be brought to the receiver of the lock and it requires no separate activation of the key, for example by pressing a button.
• the electronic key is close to the body of the respective user, for example in a trouser pocket, briefcase or the like.
• the transmission and transmission of the identification data takes place via a capacitive near field which is transmitted from the electronic key to the body surface of the user each user is coupled.
• the person carrying the key approaches a capacitive coupling surface of the lock or touches the coupling surface or a part conductively connected to the coupling surface
• the actual data transmission from the transmitter of the key to the receiver of the lock takes place via the capacitive near field, whereby an alternating current circuit closes, which causes an electrical flow through the lock, which can be detected by the receiving unit.
• the identification data can be modulated onto, for example, a carrier frequency generated by the electronic key.
• the user friendliness of the access control when unlocking a lock is thus substantially increased and it is also ensured that a data transfer only takes place when the person carrying the key approaches the lock or touches it, so that manipulation possibilities by third parties are virtually eliminated.
• a low-energy, capacitive near field is used, the energy consumption of the access control system is extremely low, and in particular the power consumption of the electronic key.
• the capacitive near field extremely small currents are generated which, even when transmitted through the skin of the user, are completely harmless to the human organism.
• the receiving unit of the lock has at least two electrodes, which together form a receiving capacitor.
• the electrodes of the receiving capacitor can thus likewise be integrated in the lock unit, wherein the specific arrangement of the two electrodes within the lock can be made differently depending on the respective requirements. In general, however, it is most advantageous if the electrodes of the receiving capacitor are arranged at a location in the lock, which is penetrated by a large part of the electrical flow. The course of the electrical flow through the castle depends on the specific structural design of the individual parts of the castle, such as the fitting, the operating handle or knob and the lock cylinder, as well as the respective installation situation of the castle in the respective door.
• the electrodes of the receiver capacitor are arranged at a point within the lock through which the electrical flux passes, so that an AC circuit For example, via the door and the floor, back to the person wearing the electronic key and the key closes and the data exchange can take place.
• a bidirectional data exchange is provided, wherein a transmitting device is provided for sending data from the lock to the electronic key.
• a return channel from the lock to the key can be used, for example, for encryption purposes and for the transmission of additional data which can subsequently be stored in the key and returned to the lock during the next opening operation.
• the transmitting device preferably has means for generating a capacitive near field and for coupling the field to the person carrying the key.
• the transmitting device can in this case again have at least two electrodes, which together form a transmitting capacitor.
• the formation may be made such that the electrodes of the receiving capacitor and the electrodes of the transmitting capacitor are formed independently of each other and separated from each other.
• the design is advantageously such that at least one of the electrodes of the receiving capacitor at the same time also forms one of the electrodes of the transmitting capacitor.
• either a single electrode can simultaneously represent an electrode of the receiving capacitor and an electrode of the transmitting capacitor, each capacitor additionally having in each case a further capacitor, or altogether only two electrodes can be provided, which alternately form the receiving capacitor and the transmitting capacitor.
• At least one electrode can be arranged in the fitting of the lock or formed as a fitting or as part of the same.
• the electrode is placed as close to the user as possible, so that the user only has to touch the fitting or has to approach the fitting in order to open the door.
• the device can be developed in a preferred manner such that at least one electrode is arranged in the knob of the lock or formed as a knob or as part of the same.
• a particularly compact design results when at least one electrode is arranged in the lock cylinder of the lock or formed as a lock cylinder or as part of the same. With such a configuration, it is possible to completely dispense with handle or actuating units for communication purposes on at least one side of the door and a complete integration of the receiving and / or transmitting unit into the lock or the lock cylinder succeeds.
• the formation is preferably developed such that both electrodes of the receiving capacitor are arranged on or in the knob of the lock, wherein preferably an electrode is arranged on the outer surface of the knob or the outer surface the knob is formed and the other electrode is disposed on a separated by the outer surface by an insulating layer inner surface of the knob.
• the actuating member in particular a handle of the lock, is conductively connected to an electrode of the receiving capacitor arranged in the interior of the lock.
• the electrical circuit of the access control device according to the invention can also be integrated directly into the lock, and it is advantageously provided that at least one electrode is conductively connected to the electrical circuit.
• the specific embodiment of the electrodes can be made in various ways, with an embodiment is preferred in which at least one of the electrodes as conductive film is formed on a component of the lock.
• a conductive foil instead of a conductive foil, provision may also be made for at least one of the electrodes to be in the form of a conductive coating, in particular a coating, of a component of the lock.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the access control device according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a simplified equivalent circuit diagram of the embodiment according to FIG. 1
• FIG. 3 shows the course of electrical flows in an embodiment of the access control device according to the invention
• FIGS. 4 to 8 modify the embodiments of FIG access control device.
• Fig.l schematically a door with a person opening the door and the individual scattering, loss and coupling capacities is shown.
• the door is designated 1 and has a lock 2 with a trained as a knob actuator 3.
• the person 4 carries an electronic key 5, which may be plugged in a trouser pocket, for example.
• the electronic key generates a capacitive near field with a carrier frequency, onto which identification data are modulated.
• the capacitive near field is coupled to the body surface of the person 4 and forwarded in the sequence to a receiver of the lock 2.
• the electronic key 5 has a stray capacitance Cst against the bottom 6.
• a coupling capacity Ck is observed.
• loss capacity Cv occurs between the person 4 and the floor 6.
• the lock 2 or its cylinder has a cylinder capacity Cz against the ground.
• Cv emulates all the capacitances that result in electrical flows, which do not close from the transmitter via the receiver's receiver capacitor, but pass it and thus contribute nothing to the coupling between receiver and transmitter.
• Cst simulates the capacitances available as the sum for the capacitive coupling of the transmission ground electrode to ground.
• Ck simulates the capacities which are available as the sum for the capacitive coupling of the person 4 to the second electrode.
• Cz simulates the capacities available as the sum of the capacitive coupling from the lock or cylinder to the floor. 2, the lock is again denoted by 2 and has a receive capacitor 7.
• Fig. 3 electrical flows are schematically shown on a door upon receiving identification data of the electronic key.
• the receiving capacitor is in this case on the outside of the castle, namely arranged on or in the knob 8, which has a better electrical coupling between the transmitter of the electronic key 5 and the receiver in the lock 2 result.
• a person 4 carries the electronic key 5 on the body and touches the outer knob 8.
• the identification data are transported.
• a sufficient capacitive coupling for example between the hand of the person and the outer knob 8, it may also be possible to use the data by means of this coupling even before touching the To transfer Knaufs 8.
• each of the two electrodes may be formed of solid metal, metal foil, as a coating, painting or in another way.
• the electrode 10 may be a coating, while the electrode 11 is formed from a metal cup or is also a coating on the inside of the knob 8.
• the inner electrode 11, as well as the outer electrode 10, may be made different in size. It can serve the whole knob 8 or only part of Knauficides each as an electrode.
• the electrical circuit with the receiving unit for receiving identification data and an evaluation circuit for determining the access authorization can be arranged at any point within the lock 2.
• the electrical circuit must be connected to the electrodes by means of one or more wires passing through the lock.
• 5 shows an electrode arrangement which is particularly suitable for the transmission of data from the lock 2 back to the electronic key 5.
• the electrode 12 is comparable to the embodiment according to FIG. 4 and is in turn arranged in the outer knob 8.
• the second electrode can be placed so that a correspondingly large scatter between the two transmitting electrodes.
• the lock 2 or the cylinder and the electrodes are thereby formed such that the largest possible part of the stray field is coupled to the transmitter and receiver (the electronic key 5).
• the second electrode can be designed and arranged as desired. Two possible embodiments are shown in Fig.5.
• the second electrode may be formed as an electrode 13 on the inner knob 9.
• the second electrode may be formed as an electrode 14, which is formed by the cylinder housing of the lock 2.
• FIG. 6 shows a further electrode arrangement in which all the electrodes are accommodated in the cylinder 15 of the lock 2, so that a particularly compact design is ensured.
• a front region of the cylinder 15 is in this case formed as an electrode 16 and separated by an insulating layer 17 from the further electrode 18.
• Another electrode, which is formed by the inner end portion of the cylinder 15 is denoted by 19 and in turn separated by an insulating layer 20 of the electrode 18.
• the receiving capacitor 7 is in this case formed either by the pair of electrodes 16 and 18 or by the pair of electrodes 18 and 19, depending on which side of the cylinder 15 an approximation of the electronic key 5 and the electronic key 5 supporting person 4 takes place.
• the electrodes 16 and 19 may each be formed, for example, of sufficiently conductive material, such as metal, from a sufficiently conductive foil, such as a metal foil serving as a shell, a sufficiently conductive coating, a sufficiently conductive lacquer, or otherwise.
• a knob can be attached to one of the two sides or on both sides of the lock cylinder 15 which can be conductively connected to the electrode 16 or 19.
• a further embodiment is shown, in which the lock cylinder 15 is provided only inside the room with a knob 9.
• the first electrode of the receiving or transmitting capacitor is here designated by 21, the second electrode by 22.
• the inner knob 9 may optionally be connected to the electrode 22.
• a further electrode arrangement is shown, in which the electrodes are formed predominantly in parts of the fitting or as fitting parts.
• the outer and inner fittings 23 and 24 each carry a handle 25 and 26, wherein the space inside fitting 24 and the space outside fitting 23 are connected by connecting bolts 27.
• the fittings 23 and 24, the handles 25 and 26 and / or the connecting bolts 27 may be formed as electrodes or be provided with electrodes, only care must be taken that the two electrodes of the Empfangs concerned. Transmitting capacitor are separated from each other by an insulation.
• the connection bolts 27 could serve as insulation, wherein one electrode in the outer fitting 23 and the other electrode in the inner fitting 24 can be arranged.
• separate insulating layers which are not shown in Figure 8, may be provided, for example between a door handle and the associated fitting part.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=38179883

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (14)

Families Citing this family (19)

Family Cites Families (27)

• 2006
  • 2006-05-04 AT AT0076806A patent/AT503301B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2007
  • 2007-03-22 MX MX2008014018A patent/MX2008014018A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2007-03-22 EP EP07710529A patent/EP2013852A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-03-22 US US12/226,891 patent/US8692650B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-03-22 CA CA002650780A patent/CA2650780A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-03-22 WO PCT/AT2007/000140 patent/WO2007128009A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2007-03-22 CN CNA2007800162165A patent/CN101438323A/zh active Pending
  • 2007-03-22 JP JP2009508038A patent/JP5373601B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-03-22 NZ NZ572402A patent/NZ572402A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-03-22 UA UAA200813936A patent/UA97364C2/ru unknown
  • 2007-03-22 RU RU2008147722/08A patent/RU2441282C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-03-22 AU AU2007247803A patent/AU2007247803B2/en not_active Ceased
• 2008
  • 2008-10-29 IL IL194976A patent/IL194976A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2008-12-02 NO NO20085013A patent/NO20085013L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (2)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events