EP2013015A1 - Method of producing a laminate comprising at least two layers of lignocellulosic material joined by heat treament and pressing - Google Patents

Method of producing a laminate comprising at least two layers of lignocellulosic material joined by heat treament and pressing

Info

Publication number
EP2013015A1
EP2013015A1 EP07747996A EP07747996A EP2013015A1 EP 2013015 A1 EP2013015 A1 EP 2013015A1 EP 07747996 A EP07747996 A EP 07747996A EP 07747996 A EP07747996 A EP 07747996A EP 2013015 A1 EP2013015 A1 EP 2013015A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laminate
sheet elements
sheet
elements
laminate according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07747996A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2013015A4 (en
Inventor
Carmen Cristescu
Dennis Johansson
Yu Chen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LTU LICENS AB
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2013015A1 publication Critical patent/EP2013015A1/en
Publication of EP2013015A4 publication Critical patent/EP2013015A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/13—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board all layers being exclusively wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
    • B32B37/18—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/32—Material from living organisms, e.g. skins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B2037/0092—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding in which absence of adhesives is explicitly presented as an advantage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2262/065—Lignocellulosic fibres, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2262/067—Wood fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/02—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/04—Time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/12—Pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/16—Wood, e.g. woodboard, fibreboard, woodchips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/18—Handling of layers or the laminate
    • B32B38/1866—Handling of layers or the laminate conforming the layers or laminate to a convex or concave profile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method regarding the manufacturing of a laminate that comprises at least two sheet formed elements, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also includes the laminate.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a method for the manufacturing of an extraordinarily attractive and environmental friendly laminate that consists of a number of sheet elements of lignocellulosic material, which laminate is manufactured without addition of adhesives.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a laminate that is free from the addition of bonding agents.
  • the laminate Since no addition of bonding agents is used in the manufacturing of the laminate the laminate is extremely environmentally friendly.
  • the laminate demonstrates good resistance to water and tolerance to changes in " temperature and can for example be used on building facades.
  • the laminate demonstrates better hardness qualities than solid wood such as, for example, plywood or LVL (Laminated veneer lumber), which makes the laminate suitable as flooring and ceiling/roofing material.
  • solid wood such as, for example, plywood or LVL (Laminated veneer lumber), which makes the laminate suitable as flooring and ceiling/roofing material.
  • the laminate demonstrates high resistance to biological attacks such as, for example, fungus attacks because the chemical structure of the laminate has been changed during the manufacturing process.
  • the laminate's surface structure needs no additional finish heightening treatment because the manufacturing process according to the invention results in a good surface finish of the laminate.
  • the laminate demonstrates better dimensional stability (resistance to shrinking and swelling) than solid wood and other manufactured wood products such as, for example, LVL and plywood. Changes in relative humidity result in extremely small changes in the dimensions of the laminate.
  • the laminate can easily be manufactured in optional size and with optional number of sheet elements, and the thickness of the sheet elements can naturally also be varied.
  • the shape of the laminate can be varied as desired, the laminate can, for example, be flat, single-bent or double-bent in its shape.
  • the laminate product is aesthetically appealing and it obtains an appealing colour.
  • Figure 1 in a perspective view schematically shows a laminate according to the invention
  • Figure 2 in a perspective view schematic shows a laminate in an alternative embodiment
  • Figure 3 in a side view illustrates a manufacturing of a flat laminate
  • Figure 4 in a side view illustrates a manufacturing of a curved/bent laminate.
  • a two layer laminate 10 is shown, which laminate includes a sheet element 11 and a sheet element 12, which sheet elements 11,12 include fibres of lignocellulosic material.
  • the sheet elements 11,12 can for example consist of a wood material were the dominant fibre direction is illustrated with broken lines 13 and 14.
  • laminate 10, shown in Figure 1 the two sheet elements/layers 11 and 12 have an essentially coinciding fibre direction.
  • a two layer laminate 20 is shown, which laminate includes a sheet element 21 and a sheet element 22, which sheet elements 21,22 comprises fibres of lignocellulosic material.
  • the sheet elements 21,22 can for example consist of a wood material were the dominate fibre direction is illustrated with broken lines 23 and 24.
  • laminate 20, illustrated in Figure 2 the two sheet elements/layers 21 and 22 have an essentially perpendicular fibre direction relative two each other.
  • the laminate according to the invention can show many other combinations of fibre directions between the existing sheet elements in addition to the above exemplified. It has been established that laminates were the existing sheet elements have essentially coinciding fibre directions are especially favourable from strength viewpoint.
  • the laminate according to the invention can of course consist of an optional number of sheet elements of optional thickness. Variations of different kinds of woods between different sheet elements in a laminate are of course possible within the scope of the present invention. Several combinations are thus possible.
  • FIG. 3 a method of the manufacturing of a flat laminate 10 is illustrated by means of a press device 50, where the sheet elements 11,12 are placed between two press plates 51,52.
  • the press plates 51,52 are heated to a desired temperature by means of for example heat windings 53,54 or similar arrangements.
  • a force F is applied so that the sheet elements 11,12 are pressed together between the heated press plates 51,52 during a desired time period so that desired binding result is obtained between the sheet elements 11,12.
  • the press force F is so chosen that the desired press force per area unit is obtained at the manufacturing of a desired laminate sheet.
  • FIG 4 a method of manufacturing a curved/bent laminate 10' is illustrated by means of a press device 50', where flat sheet elements 11', 12' are placed between two press plates 51 ',52'.
  • the press plates 51', 52' are heated to a desired temperature by means of for example heat windings 53',54' or similar arrangements.
  • a force F is applied so that the sheet elements 11', 12' are pressed together between the heated press plates 51 ',52' during a desired time period so that desired binding result is obtained between the sheet elements 11 ',12'.
  • the press force F is chosen so that the desired press force per area unit is obtained at the manufacturing of a desired laminate sheet.
  • the present invention also enables manufacturing of laminates in many different configurations.
  • a thickness compression takes place depending on the used press force, and a change in colour takes place depending on the heating temperature of the sheet elements.
  • the heating of the sheet elements can be accomplished in many different ways in addition to the above exemplified. It is for example possible to use high frequency technology, microwave technology, laser technology, hot air, steam, hot plates, hot mats, hot belts and so on. Thus, many different types of heating methods can be applied in conjunction with the invention. It should further be realized that the compression of the sheet elements also can be accomplished by means of for example rolling, mangling and so on. Thus, many different types of compression methods can be used in conjunction with the invention.
  • the laminate according to the invention has many fields of use and as non-limiting examples can be mentioned floorboards, wallboards, ceiling/roof boards, furnitures, doors and other products of various kinds.
  • the laminate After 180 seconds pressing time at 240 degrees Celsius and 5 N/mm 2 press force, the laminate is taken out of the oven and let to cool at room temperature.
  • the laminate After 450 seconds pressing time at 230-240 degrees Celsius and 4 N/mm 2 press force, the laminate is taken out of the oven and let to cool at room temperature.
  • Shear strength tests results (from 10 samples) showed an average value of 1.86 N/mm 2 .
  • the laminate After 150 seconds pressing time at 250 degrees Celsius and 5 N/mm 2 press force, the laminate is taken out of the oven and let to cool at room temperature.
  • the laminate After 150 seconds pressing time at 250 degrees Celsius and 3.75 N/mm 2 press force, the laminate is taken out of the oven and let to cool at room temperature.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method regarding the manufacturing of a laminate that includes at least two sheet formed elements of lignocellulosic material, for example wood material. The sheet elements (11, 12; 21, 22) are mutually joined by heat treatment and compression without addition of bonding agents and without friction generating relative movement of the sheet elements. The invention also includes the laminate.

Description

LAMINATE
The present invention relates to a method regarding the manufacturing of a laminate that comprises at least two sheet formed elements, according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also includes the laminate.
There are a number of so called wood-laminates and similar products on the market in which additives and/or chemical treatment mutually joins the sheet elements in the laminate. From an environmental point of view it is desirable to eliminate additives and chemical treatments to the greatest possible extent.
One object of the present invention is to provide a method for the manufacturing of an extraordinarily attractive and environmental friendly laminate that consists of a number of sheet elements of lignocellulosic material, which laminate is manufactured without addition of adhesives.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a laminate that is free from the addition of bonding agents.
These objects are achieved in that the method and the laminate show the characteristic features set forth in the accompanying claims.
Among the invention's many advantages the following can be mentioned.
Since no addition of bonding agents is used in the manufacturing of the laminate the laminate is extremely environmentally friendly.
The laminate demonstrates good resistance to water and tolerance to changes in "temperature and can for example be used on building facades.
The laminate demonstrates better hardness qualities than solid wood such as, for example, plywood or LVL (Laminated veneer lumber), which makes the laminate suitable as flooring and ceiling/roofing material.
The laminate demonstrates high resistance to biological attacks such as, for example, fungus attacks because the chemical structure of the laminate has been changed during the manufacturing process.
In most cases, the laminate's surface structure needs no additional finish heightening treatment because the manufacturing process according to the invention results in a good surface finish of the laminate.
The laminate demonstrates better dimensional stability (resistance to shrinking and swelling) than solid wood and other manufactured wood products such as, for example, LVL and plywood. Changes in relative humidity result in extremely small changes in the dimensions of the laminate. The laminate can easily be manufactured in optional size and with optional number of sheet elements, and the thickness of the sheet elements can naturally also be varied.
The shape of the laminate can be varied as desired, the laminate can, for example, be flat, single-bent or double-bent in its shape.
The laminate product is aesthetically appealing and it obtains an appealing colour.
An exemplifying embodiment of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 in a perspective view schematically shows a laminate according to the invention; Figure 2 in a perspective view schematic shows a laminate in an alternative embodiment; Figure 3 in a side view illustrates a manufacturing of a flat laminate; and Figure 4 in a side view illustrates a manufacturing of a curved/bent laminate.
In Figure 1 a two layer laminate 10 is shown, which laminate includes a sheet element 11 and a sheet element 12, which sheet elements 11,12 include fibres of lignocellulosic material. The sheet elements 11,12 can for example consist of a wood material were the dominant fibre direction is illustrated with broken lines 13 and 14. In laminate 10, shown in Figure 1, the two sheet elements/layers 11 and 12 have an essentially coinciding fibre direction.
In Figure 2 a two layer laminate 20 is shown, which laminate includes a sheet element 21 and a sheet element 22, which sheet elements 21,22 comprises fibres of lignocellulosic material. The sheet elements 21,22 can for example consist of a wood material were the dominate fibre direction is illustrated with broken lines 23 and 24. In laminate 20, illustrated in Figure 2, the two sheet elements/layers 21 and 22 have an essentially perpendicular fibre direction relative two each other.
It should be realized that the laminate according to the invention can show many other combinations of fibre directions between the existing sheet elements in addition to the above exemplified. It has been established that laminates were the existing sheet elements have essentially coinciding fibre directions are especially favourable from strength viewpoint.
It should be realized that the laminate according to the invention can of course consist of an optional number of sheet elements of optional thickness. Variations of different kinds of woods between different sheet elements in a laminate are of course possible within the scope of the present invention. Several combinations are thus possible.
All embodiments of the laminates according to the invention have in common that the sheet elements are mutually joined without the occurrence of bonding agents (additives). In Figure 3 a method of the manufacturing of a flat laminate 10 is illustrated by means of a press device 50, where the sheet elements 11,12 are placed between two press plates 51,52. The press plates 51,52 are heated to a desired temperature by means of for example heat windings 53,54 or similar arrangements. A force F is applied so that the sheet elements 11,12 are pressed together between the heated press plates 51,52 during a desired time period so that desired binding result is obtained between the sheet elements 11,12. Thereafter, the now finished laminate 10 is removed from the press device 50. The press force F is so chosen that the desired press force per area unit is obtained at the manufacturing of a desired laminate sheet.
In Figure 4 a method of manufacturing a curved/bent laminate 10' is illustrated by means of a press device 50', where flat sheet elements 11', 12' are placed between two press plates 51 ',52'. The press plates 51', 52' are heated to a desired temperature by means of for example heat windings 53',54' or similar arrangements. A force F is applied so that the sheet elements 11', 12' are pressed together between the heated press plates 51 ',52' during a desired time period so that desired binding result is obtained between the sheet elements 11 ',12'. Thereafter the now finished laminate 10' is removed from the press device 50'. The press force F is chosen so that the desired press force per area unit is obtained at the manufacturing of a desired laminate sheet. Thus, it should be realized that the present invention also enables manufacturing of laminates in many different configurations.
Is should also be mentioned that the collaboration between different parameters, such as pressure, temperature, and press time, can be varied in order to obtain the desired qualities in the produced laminate.
Different kinds of wood, initial moisture content, dimensions, desired final colour and desired strength are examples of parameter guiding factors.
Further, it has been established that sheet elements with high moisture content tend to provide a stronger bonding between the sheet elements of the laminate.
At the manufacturing of a laminate a thickness compression takes place depending on the used press force, and a change in colour takes place depending on the heating temperature of the sheet elements.
It should be realized that for example the heating of the sheet elements can be accomplished in many different ways in addition to the above exemplified. It is for example possible to use high frequency technology, microwave technology, laser technology, hot air, steam, hot plates, hot mats, hot belts and so on. Thus, many different types of heating methods can be applied in conjunction with the invention. It should further be realized that the compression of the sheet elements also can be accomplished by means of for example rolling, mangling and so on. Thus, many different types of compression methods can be used in conjunction with the invention.
It should be noted that different chemical treatments of the sheet elements or the laminate naturally are combinable with the invention under the condition that these chemical treatments does not come into conflict with the basic idea of the invention.
It should be noted that the mutual joining of the sheet elements takes place without any friction generating relative movement (side movement) of the sheet elements, i. e. there is no occurrence of conventional friction welding.
The laminate according to the invention has many fields of use and as non-limiting examples can be mentioned floorboards, wallboards, ceiling/roof boards, furnitures, doors and other products of various kinds.
Exemplifying parameter intervals and the like are described in the accompanying claims. Some examples of the invention in practice follow below.
Example 1
A stack of five veneer sheets of beech, of dimensions 140mmxl40mmx2mm each and around 10% moisture content, with parallel fibre direction, is placed in a closed laboratory press and pressed.
After 180 seconds pressing time at 240 degrees Celsius and 5 N/mm2 press force, the laminate is taken out of the oven and let to cool at room temperature.
Shear strength tests results (from 20 samples) after 8 hours of boiling in water had an average value of 5.53 N/mm2.
Example 2
A stack of five veneer sheets of beech, of dimensions 140mmxl40mmx2mm each and around 10% moisture content, with parallel fibre direction, is placed in a closed laboratory press and pressed.
After 80 seconds pressing time at 300 degrees Celsius and 5 N/mm2 press force, the laminate is taken out of the oven and let to cool at room temperature. Shear strength tests results (from 10 samples) after 8 hours of boiling in water showed an average value of 4.48 N/mm2.
Example 3
A stack of five veneer sheets of beech, of dimensions 140mmxl40mmx2mm each and around 10% moisture content, with perpendicular fibre direction, is placed in a closed laboratory press and pressed.
After 450 seconds pressing time at 230-240 degrees Celsius and 4 N/mm2 press force, the laminate is taken out of the oven and let to cool at room temperature.
Shear strength tests results (from 10 samples) showed an average value of 1.86 N/mm2.
Example 4
A stack of three veneer sheets of oak of dimensions 100mmx40mmx2.5mm each and around 10% moisture content, with parallel fibre direction, is placed in a closed laboratory press and pressed.
After 150 seconds pressing time at 250 degrees Celsius and 5 N/mm2 press force, the laminate is taken out of the oven and let to cool at room temperature.
Shear strength tests (from 10 samples) after 8 hours of boiling in water showed an average value of 3.52 N/mm2.
Example 5
A stack of three veneer sheets: one oak, one beech and one oak, of dimensions 140mmxl40mmx2mm each and around 10% moisture content, with parallel fibre direction, is placed in an closed laboratory press and pressed.
After 150 seconds pressing time at 250 degrees Celsius and 3.75 N/mm2 press force, the laminate is taken out of the oven and let to cool at room temperature.
Shear strength tests results (from 10 samples) showed an average value of 2.63 N/mm . Many variations are of course possible within the frame of the above described invention idea.
Thus, the invention is not restricted to the illustrated and described embodiments thereof, since changes and modifications can be made within the frame of the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. Method for manufacturing of a laminate that includes at least two sheet formed elements of lignocellulosic material, for example wood material, characterised in that the sheet elements (11,12;21,22) are mutually joined by means of heat treatment and compression without addition of bonding agents and without friction generating relative movement of the sheet elements.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the main fibre directions (13,14;23,24) of the sheet elements (11,12;21,22) are essentially mutually parallel.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the main fibre directions (13,14;23,24) of the sheet elements (11,12;21,22) are in mutually different directions.
4. Method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that heat pressing is performed within a temperature interval of about 20-4500C and preferably within a temperature interval of about 220-3000C.
5. Method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that heat pressing is performed within a pressure interval of about 0.1-30 N/mm2 (Mpa) and preferably within a pressure interval of about 1-7 N/mm2 (Mpa).
6. Method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterised in that heat pressing is performed during a time interval of about 30 seconds - 20 minutes and preferably within a time interval of about 1-10 minutes.
7. Method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterised in that at least one heated press device (50;50') is used in the manufacturing of the laminate (10;10';20) where the press device has a flat or curved/bent shape depending on the desired final form of the laminate.
8. Laminate, including at least two sheet formed elements of lignocellulosic material, for example wood material, characterised in that the sheet elements (11,12 ;21,22) are mutually joined by means of heat treatment and compression without addition of bonding agents and without friction generating relative movement of the sheet elements.
9. Laminate according to claim 8, characterised in that the main fibre directions (13,14;23,24) of the sheet elements (11,12;21,22) are essentially mutually parallel.
10. Laminate according to claim 8, characterised in that the main fibre directions (13,14;23,24) of the sheet elements (11,12;21,22) are in mutually different directions.
11. Laminate according to any one of claims 8-10, characterised in that the sheet elements are changed in colour through heat supply.
12. Laminate according to any one of claims 8-11, characterised in that it shows an essentially flat shape.
13. Laminate according to any one of claims 8-11, characterised in that it shows a single-bent shape.
14. Laminate according to any one of claims 8-11, characterised in that it shows a double-bent shape.
15. Laminate according to any one of claims 8-14, characterised in that the sheet elements are of beech, cedarwood, oak, pine, birch, spruce, walnut, cherry-wood or elm or a combination of these kinds of wood.
EP07747996A 2006-04-10 2007-04-09 Method of producing a laminate comprising at least two layers of lignocellulosic material joined by heat treament and pressing Withdrawn EP2013015A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0600812A SE529747C2 (en) 2006-04-10 2006-04-10 Binder-free process for producing lignocellulosic laminate by hot pressing, and thereby producing laminate
PCT/SE2007/000330 WO2007117195A1 (en) 2006-04-10 2007-04-09 Method of producing a laminate comprising at least two layers of lignocellulosic material joined by heat treament and pressing

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EP2013015A1 true EP2013015A1 (en) 2009-01-14
EP2013015A4 EP2013015A4 (en) 2012-05-16

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DE202008015878U1 (en) * 2008-12-01 2010-04-15 Homag Holzbearbeitungssysteme Ag Device for coating workpieces
CN107127838A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-09-05 福建省林业科学研究院 A kind of novel mildew resistant cabinet thick china and its manufacture method
SE2051271A1 (en) * 2020-11-02 2022-04-26 Modvion Ab Method for producing a laminated veneer lumber board

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US3621897A (en) * 1969-03-06 1971-11-23 Luigi Vazzola Process for the improvement of natural wood, particularly for the production of compressed wooden components provided if required with ornamentation
US4007312A (en) * 1973-09-27 1977-02-08 The Regents Of The University Of California Method of bonding solid lignocellulosic material, and resulting product
DE19852033A1 (en) * 1998-11-11 2000-05-18 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Compound board material has a carrier of lignin with natural fiber reinforcement to be bonded to a decorative layer by heat and pressure
US20050016121A1 (en) * 2003-07-23 2005-01-27 Hardwick Geoffrey B. Method of making multi-ply door core, multi-ply door core, and door manufactured therewith

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FR2384618A1 (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-20 Bergwood Nv Curved laminated panel mfr. - using male template pressed against female one and lateral arms to bend ends
DE19620273C2 (en) * 1996-05-20 1999-06-10 Burkhardt Prof Dr Dr Suthoff Process for friction welding and joining wood

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3621897A (en) * 1969-03-06 1971-11-23 Luigi Vazzola Process for the improvement of natural wood, particularly for the production of compressed wooden components provided if required with ornamentation
US4007312A (en) * 1973-09-27 1977-02-08 The Regents Of The University Of California Method of bonding solid lignocellulosic material, and resulting product
DE19852033A1 (en) * 1998-11-11 2000-05-18 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Compound board material has a carrier of lignin with natural fiber reinforcement to be bonded to a decorative layer by heat and pressure
US20050016121A1 (en) * 2003-07-23 2005-01-27 Hardwick Geoffrey B. Method of making multi-ply door core, multi-ply door core, and door manufactured therewith

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Title
See also references of WO2007117195A1 *

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WO2007117195A1 (en) 2007-10-18
EP2013015A4 (en) 2012-05-16
SE529747C2 (en) 2007-11-13

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