EP2011995A2 - Injector with a valve element which opens to the outside - Google Patents

Injector with a valve element which opens to the outside Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2011995A2
EP2011995A2 EP08104395A EP08104395A EP2011995A2 EP 2011995 A2 EP2011995 A2 EP 2011995A2 EP 08104395 A EP08104395 A EP 08104395A EP 08104395 A EP08104395 A EP 08104395A EP 2011995 A2 EP2011995 A2 EP 2011995A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve element
valve
injector
pressure
control chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08104395A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2011995A3 (en
EP2011995B1 (en
Inventor
Matthias Burger
Hans-Christoph Magel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2011995A2 publication Critical patent/EP2011995A2/en
Publication of EP2011995A3 publication Critical patent/EP2011995A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2011995B1 publication Critical patent/EP2011995B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/004—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing
    • F02M63/0042—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing combined with valve seats of the lift valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0073—Pressure balanced valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/40—Fuel-injection apparatus with fuel accumulators, e.g. a fuel injector having an integrated fuel accumulator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0043—Two-way valves

Definitions

  • an injector for injecting diesel fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is known.
  • the injector designed as a common-rail injector comprises a two-part, inwardly opening valve element, which can be switched with a servovalve which can be actuated with an electromagnetic actuator.
  • the electromagnetic actuator of the servo valve is energized, whereby a limited by an end face of the valve element control chamber is connected to a low pressure region of the injector, which in turn acts in the opening direction force acting on the valve element and the valve element in the sequence moved into the injector body.
  • injectors with an outwardly opening, directly controlled valve element are known for use in gasoline engines. These injectors have the advantage over injectors with inwardly opening valve element that the required adjustment path for transferring the valve element into its open position is lower.
  • a disadvantage of the known injectors, however, is that they are not suitable for use in diesel engines, since only fuel pressures can be switched by a maximum of 300 bar.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to propose a suitable for use in diesel engines injector with outwardly opening valve member.
  • the invention is based on the idea of associating a servovalve with the outwardly opening valve element.
  • the injector is suitable with outwardly opening valve element for switching high fuel pressures, in particular fuel pressures above 1,800 bar.
  • Such a trained injector with outwardly opening valve element is therefore particularly suitable for use in diesel engines. Since the adjustment of the outwardly opening valve element for transfer to its open position is low, very short switching times can be realized with the injector.
  • the servo valve used for adjusting the outwardly opening valve element can be either a servo valve with an electromagnetic actuator or a servo valve with a piezoelectric actuator.
  • a control chamber operatively connected to the valve element, in particular directly delimited by the valve element, for opening the valve element, ie for adjusting the valve element to the outside, is connected to a low-pressure region of the injector and thus to the injector return.
  • the fuel pressure in the control chamber decreases, so that the forces acting in the opening direction on the valve element predominate, whereby the valve element lifts off from its valve seat to the outside.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to use the servo valves known from injectors with inwardly-opening valve element, since even with these injectors for transferring the valve element into its open position, the control chamber is connected to the low-pressure region of the injector.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to use servo valves previously used exclusively in injectors with inwardly opening valve element, which switch the outlet throttle of the servo circuit such that the flow restrictor is opened to open the valve element and closed to close the valve element.
  • control chamber In order to allow the control chamber to open the valve element is not applied with high pressure, but with low pressure, the control chamber is not limited in an embodiment of the invention of a front side of the valve element, but at a distance from the end face of the valve element of a diameter step of the valve element.
  • control chamber is not located above the valve element as in known injectors with inwardly opening valve element, but it is arranged with axial distance to the upper end side of the valve element.
  • the embodiment with the opening for opening of the valve element to low pressure control chamber allows further to arrange in the drainage passage between the control chamber and the low pressure region of the injector, a discharge throttle, which is preferably designed as a cavitating discharge throttle.
  • a discharge throttle which is preferably designed as a cavitating discharge throttle.
  • the flowing through a cavitating discharge throttle fuel flow is largely independent of the switching behavior of the servo valve used and the applied pressure difference, whereby a reproducible opening movement of the valve element is ensured.
  • an inlet throttle and an outlet throttle are provided together, their flow cross sections must be coordinated with one another such that when the control valve is open a net outflow of fuel from the control chamber into the low pressure region and from there to the injector return results.
  • control chamber can be supplied via an inlet throttle with high-pressure fuel.
  • the inlet throttle connects the control chamber with a pressure chamber of the injector.
  • the pressure chamber is preferably a so-called mini-rail serving pressure chamber from which the fuel flows when the valve element is open directly into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • an advantage is a construction in which the inlet throttle is closed when the valve element is fully open. As a result, the amount of control effluent when the servo valve is open can be minimized.
  • the inlet throttle preferably opens into a bottom of the control chamber, which simultaneously serves as a stop for limiting the opening movement of the valve element.
  • the outlet throttle is switched off when the valve element is open is, in the embodiment with disconnectable inlet throttle "gluing" of the injector by hydraulic adhesive forces advantageously avoided.
  • the outlet throttle and / or a channel leading to the outlet throttle can not be switched off by means of the valve element.
  • an embodiment is proposed in which the servo valve in the axial direction - at least largely - pressure-balanced, so on the servo valve or a control piston of the servo valve at closed servo valve in the opening direction no - or only minimal - forces acting in the opening direction.
  • An embodiment is preferred in which a valve space acted upon by high pressure is arranged on the outer circumference of a valve piston of the servo valve.
  • the remote from the valve seat end face of the valve element is permanently subjected to low pressure.
  • the control space limiting guide diameter of the valve element must be smaller than the valve seat diameter of the valve element.
  • a constructive advantage is an embodiment in which a radially outwardly delimiting the control chamber valve piece an annular low pressure space radially inwardly limited, which is hydraulically permanently connected to the return. Preferably, there is a permanent hydraulic connection between this low-pressure space and a space bounded by the end face of the valve element.
  • valve element is designed in several parts, in particular in two parts.
  • a particularly simple assembly is ensured if the at least two valve element parts releasably connected to each other, in particular are suspended in one another. Even with nested valve element parts an exact positioning of the valve element is ensured, since the two valve element parts automatically stretched upon application of the injector system pressure, ie pulled apart become. Alternatively, a trapped, ie permanent connection of the valve element parts can be realized.
  • the diameter step of the valve member which defines the control space and which forms a pressure application surface for generating a force on the valve member in the axial direction is downwardly, i.e. in the direction of the injector opening, so that when the outlet throttle is closed and the pressure in the control chamber increases, a force acting in the closing direction on the valve element is generated.
  • FIG. 1 shows in the only one Fig. 1 a schematic representation of an injector with outwardly opening, two-piece valve element.
  • Fig. 1 is designed as a common rail injector injector 1 is shown.
  • the injector comprises an injector body 2 and a nozzle body 3, which is braced with the injector body 2 with a union nut, not shown.
  • Within the injector body 2 serving as a mini-rail pressure chamber 4 is provided.
  • the pressure chamber 4 is supplied via a high-pressure supply line 5 from a high-pressure fuel storage 6 (rail) with under high pressure, in particular over 2,000 bar standing fuel, especially diesel oil or gasoline.
  • the fuel high-pressure accumulator 6 is supplied with fuel from a high-pressure reservoir 8, which is designed in particular as a radial piston pump, with fuel.
  • a low-pressure region 9 of the injector 1 is permanently hydraulically connected via a return 10 to the reservoir 8, the pressure in the low-pressure region 9 of the injector depending on the operating state is approximately between 0 and 10 bar.
  • a fuel control amount to be explained later from a control chamber 11 and discharged via the high pressure pump 7 to the high-pressure circuit again.
  • the pressure chamber 4 is penetrated by a two-part valve element 12.
  • the valve element 12 consists of a guided in a valve member 14 control rod 13 and one with the control rod 13 releasably coupled nozzle needle 15.
  • the nozzle needle 15 is mounted with a transverse opening 25 in the control rod 13.
  • a common end portion 26 of the control rod 13 engages behind a shoulder 27 of the transverse opening 25.
  • the control rod 13 is inserted laterally into the transverse opening 25.
  • the control rod 13 and the nozzle needle 13 caught, that is not detachably connected to each other, whereby, however, disassembly of the injector 1 is impossible.
  • the nozzle needle 15 has a polygon-shaped contoured guide portion 17 with which it is guided axially displaceably in a bore in the nozzle body 3.
  • the nozzle needle 15 projects beyond the nozzle body 3 in the axial direction and can be brought with a conical sealing surface 18 in tight contact with a valve seat 19 (needle seat) formed on the nozzle body 3.
  • valve member 12 When the valve member 12 abuts the valve seat 19, i. is in a closed position, the fuel outlet from a region between the sealing surface 18 and the valve seat 19 in the combustion chamber (not shown) is locked.
  • the valve element 12 For injecting fuel into the combustion chamber, the valve element 12 must face outward, i. be moved in the plane of the drawing down, whereby the valve member 12 and the nozzle needle 15 lifts with its / its sealing surface 18 from the valve seat 19.
  • high-pressure fuel can flow from the pressure chamber 4 through axial channels 20 formed in the guide section 17 of the valve element 12 into an annular space 21 and from there directly past the sealing surface 18 into the combustion chamber.
  • closing spring 23 is supported, which acts on the valve element 12 in the closing direction spring force.
  • the closing spring 23 is supported on an annular shoulder 24 of the injector body 2.
  • the inlet throttle 28 extends parallel to the non-illustrated longitudinal axis of the valve element 12 and opens into a bottom 29 of the control chamber 11.
  • From the control chamber 11 performs a drain passage 30 which is formed from a radial bore 31 and an axial bore 32, to an outlet throttle 33 in a further valve member 34.
  • the valve member 34 is received in a connection part 35 of the injector 1 and is pressed by this against the valve member 14, which in turn at an annular shoulder 36th the injector body 2 is supported.
  • the flow restrictor 33 opens into a valve chamber 37 of a servo valve 38.
  • the servo valve 38 is a pressure-balanced valve in the axial direction with an axially adjustable valve piston 39 and an armature plate 40 formed integrally with the valve piston 39.
  • the armature plate 40 is part of an electromagnetic Actuator 41 for axially adjusting the valve piston 39.
  • a compression spring 44 is arranged, which is supported at one end to a bottom of a receiving bore 45 and the other end to the anchor plate 40 and thus the valve piston 39 Federkraftbeaufschlagt in the axial direction on its valve seat 46 on the valve member 34.
  • An anchor plate 47 receiving the armature plate 47 is permanently connected via a radial bore 48 in a support ring 49 with the return line 10 and thus belongs to the low-pressure region 9 of the injector.
  • the electromagnets 43 of the electromagnetic actuator 41 are energized, so that the valve piston 39 moves with anchor plate 40 in the plane up and the fuel flow from the control chamber 11 via the drain passage 30 and the outlet throttle 33 in the low pressure region 9 of Injector releases (outgoing fuel tax amount).
  • the fuel flows to open servo valve 38 via an axial passage 50 into a chamber 51.
  • the chamber 51 is bounded radially outwardly by the valve member 14. In the axial direction, the chamber 51 is bounded by an upper end face 52 of the control rod 13 and opposite from a bottom of the valve piece 34.
  • the chamber 51 is permanently connected via a radial bore 53 to a low-pressure space 54 (part of the low-pressure region 9).
  • the low-pressure space 54 is formed as an annular space, which is bounded radially inwardly by the valve pieces 14, 34 and radially outside of the valve body 2.
  • the low-pressure space 54 is permanently connected to the return 10 via a channel 55.
  • low pressure is permanently in the chamber 51 (also part of the low pressure region 9) and thus also on the front side of the control rod 13.
  • Due to the provision of the axial channel 50 is also on an underside 56 of the valve piston 39 of the servo valve 38 permanently low pressure. Both axial sides of the Valve piston 39 are therefore subjected to low pressure, whereby the servo valve 38 is pressure balanced in the axial direction.
  • the control chamber 11 is limited by a diameter stage 57 of the control rod 13.
  • the control chamber 11 is axially between a lower and an upper guide portion 58, 59 of the control rod 13 of the valve element 12.
  • the diameter D2 of the upper guide portion 59 is greater than the diameter D3 of the lower guide portion 58.
  • the diameter D3 of lower guide portion 58 smaller than the diameter D1 of the valve seat 19, so that when the servo valve 38 is open and connected to the low-pressure region 9 control chamber 11 acts on the valve member 12 in the opening direction, the valve member 12 outwardly adjusting opening force.
  • the energization of the electromagnetic actuator 41 of the servo valve 38 is interrupted, so that the valve piston 39 is moved to its valve seat 46.
  • the control pressure (fuel pressure) in the control chamber 11 increases rapidly substantially to rail pressure, causing the diameter step 57 of the control rod 13 and thus the valve element 12, supported by the closing spring 23, to act in the closing direction acts, which in turn the sealing surface 18 of the control rod 12 comes into tight contact with the valve body 19 arranged on the outside of the nozzle body.
  • valve element 12 The opening movement of the valve element 12 is limited by the abutment of the upper guide portion 59 and a stopper portion 16 (annular shoulder) at the bottom 29 of the control chamber 11. It can be provided that the stopper portion 16, the inlet throttle 28 is switched off with the valve element 12 open, i. blocked.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The injector (1) has a relay valve (38) provided for controlling a valve element (12) opening outwards. A control chamber (11) is formed as an annular space, co-operates with the valve element, and is combinable with a low-pressure area (9) for opening the valve element. The control chamber is defined by a diameter step (57) of the valve element. Fuel e.g. diesel, flows from the control chamber into the low-pressure area via an outlet throttle (33) by an opened relay valve. The control chamber is provided with fuel which is fixed below high pressure, via an inlet throttle (28).

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus der DE 19 827 267 A1 ist ein Injektor zum Einspritzen von Dieselkraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine bekannt. Der als Common-Rail-Injektor ausgebildete Injektor umfasst ein zweiteiliges, nach innen öffnendes Ventilelement, welches mit einem, mit einem elektromagnetischen Aktuator betätigbaren Servoventil schaltbar ist. Zum Überführen des Ventilelementes in seinen Öffnungsstellungen wird der elektromagnetische Aktuator des Servoventils bestromt, wodurch ein von einer Stirnseite des Ventilelementes begrenzter Steuerraum mit einem Niederdruckbereich des Injektors verbunden wird, wodurch wiederum eine in Öffnungsrichtung wirkende Kraft auf das Ventilelement wirkt und sich das Ventilelement in der Folge in den Injektorkörper hineinbewegt.From the DE 19 827 267 A1 an injector for injecting diesel fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is known. The injector designed as a common-rail injector comprises a two-part, inwardly opening valve element, which can be switched with a servovalve which can be actuated with an electromagnetic actuator. To transfer the valve element in its open positions, the electromagnetic actuator of the servo valve is energized, whereby a limited by an end face of the valve element control chamber is connected to a low pressure region of the injector, which in turn acts in the opening direction force acting on the valve element and the valve element in the sequence moved into the injector body.

Daneben sind für den Einsatz in Otto-Motoren Injektoren mit einem nach außen öffnenden, direkt angesteuerten Ventilelement bekannt. Diese Injektoren haben gegenüber Injektoren mit nach innen öffnendem Ventilelement den Vorteil, dass der benötigte Verstellweg zum Überführen des Ventilelementes in seine Öffnungsstellung geringer ist. Nachteilig bei den bekannten Injektoren ist jedoch, dass diese sich nicht für den Einsatz in Dieselmotoren eignen, da lediglich Kraftstoffdrücke um maximal 300 bar schaltbar sind.In addition, injectors with an outwardly opening, directly controlled valve element are known for use in gasoline engines. These injectors have the advantage over injectors with inwardly opening valve element that the required adjustment path for transferring the valve element into its open position is lower. A disadvantage of the known injectors, however, is that they are not suitable for use in diesel engines, since only fuel pressures can be switched by a maximum of 300 bar.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention Technische AufgabeTechnical task

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen für den Einsatz in Dieselmotoren geeigneten Injektor mit nach außen öffnendem Ventilelement vorzuschlagen.The invention is therefore based on the object to propose a suitable for use in diesel engines injector with outwardly opening valve member.

Technische LösungTechnical solution

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. In den Rahmen der Erfindung fallen auch sämtliche Kombinationen aus zumindest zwei von in der Beschreibung, den Ansprüchen und/oder den Figuren angegebenen Merkmalen.This object is achieved with the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the inventions are specified in the subclaims. All combinations of at least two features specified in the description, the claims and / or the figures also fall within the scope of the invention.

Der Erfindung liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, dem nach außen öffnenden Ventilelement ein Servoventil zuzuordnen. Durch das Vorsehen eines Servoventils zur Schaltung des Ventilelementes eignet sich der Injektor mit nach außen öffnendem Ventilelement zur Schaltung hoher Kraftstoffdrücke, insbesondere von Kraftstoffdrücken über 1.800 bar. Ein derartig ausgebildeter Injektor mit nach außen öffnendem Ventilelement ist daher insbesondere für den Einsatz in Dieselmotoren geeignet. Da der Verstellweg des nach außen öffnenden Ventilelementes zur Überführung in seine Öffnungsstellung gering ist, können mit dem Injektor sehr kurze Schaltzeiten realisiert werden. Bei dem zur Anwendung kommenden Servoventil zum Verstellen des nach außen öffnenden Ventilelementes kann es sich sowohl um ein Servoventil mit einem elektromagnetischen Aktuator als auch um ein Servoventil mit piezoelektrischem Aktuator handeln.The invention is based on the idea of associating a servovalve with the outwardly opening valve element. By providing a servo valve for switching the valve element, the injector is suitable with outwardly opening valve element for switching high fuel pressures, in particular fuel pressures above 1,800 bar. Such a trained injector with outwardly opening valve element is therefore particularly suitable for use in diesel engines. Since the adjustment of the outwardly opening valve element for transfer to its open position is low, very short switching times can be realized with the injector. The servo valve used for adjusting the outwardly opening valve element can be either a servo valve with an electromagnetic actuator or a servo valve with a piezoelectric actuator.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird ein mit dem Ventilelement wirkverbundener, insbesondere unmittelbar von dem Ventilelement begrenzter Steuerraum zum Öffnen des Ventilelementes, also zum Verstellen des Ventilelementes nach außen, mit einem Niederdruckbereich des Injektors und damit mit dem Injektorrücklauf verbunden. Hierdurch sinkt der Kraftstoffdruck im Steuerraum, so dass die in Öffnungsrichtung auf das Ventilelement wirkenden Kräfte überwiegen, wodurch das Ventilelement von seinem Ventilsitz nach außen abhebt. Diese Ausführungsform ermöglicht es, die von Injektoren mit nach innen öffnendem Ventilelement bekannten Servoventile einzusetzen, da auch bei diesen Injektoren zum Überführen des Ventilelementes in seine Öffnungsstellung der Steuerraum mit dem Niederdruckbereich des Injektors verbunden wird. Diese Ausführungsform ermöglicht es, bisher ausschließlich bei Injektoren mit nach innen öffnendem Ventilelement eingesetzte Servoventile einzusetzen, die die Ablaufdrossel des Servokreislaufs derart schalten, dass zum Öffnen des Ventilelementes die Ablaufdrossel geöffnet und zum Schließen des Ventilelementes geschlossen wird.According to a preferred embodiment, a control chamber operatively connected to the valve element, in particular directly delimited by the valve element, for opening the valve element, ie for adjusting the valve element to the outside, is connected to a low-pressure region of the injector and thus to the injector return. As a result, the fuel pressure in the control chamber decreases, so that the forces acting in the opening direction on the valve element predominate, whereby the valve element lifts off from its valve seat to the outside. This embodiment makes it possible to use the servo valves known from injectors with inwardly-opening valve element, since even with these injectors for transferring the valve element into its open position, the control chamber is connected to the low-pressure region of the injector. This embodiment makes it possible to use servo valves previously used exclusively in injectors with inwardly opening valve element, which switch the outlet throttle of the servo circuit such that the flow restrictor is opened to open the valve element and closed to close the valve element.

Um zu ermöglichen, dass der Steuerraum zum Öffnen des Ventilelementes nicht mit Hochdruck, sondern mit Niederdruck beaufschlagt wird, wird der Steuerraum in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nicht von einer Stirnseite des Ventilelementes, sondern mit Abstand zu der Stirnseite des Ventilelementes von einer Durchmesserstufe des Ventilelementes begrenzt. Anders ausgedrückt befindet sich der Steuerraum nicht wie bei bekannten Injektoren mit nach innen öffnendem Ventilelement oberhalb des Ventilelementes, sondern er ist mit Axialabstand zu der oberen Stirnseite des Ventilelementes angeordnet.In order to allow the control chamber to open the valve element is not applied with high pressure, but with low pressure, the control chamber is not limited in an embodiment of the invention of a front side of the valve element, but at a distance from the end face of the valve element of a diameter step of the valve element. In other words, the control chamber is not located above the valve element as in known injectors with inwardly opening valve element, but it is arranged with axial distance to the upper end side of the valve element.

Die Ausführungsform mit zum Öffnen des Ventilelementes auf Niederdruck liegendem Steuerraum ermöglicht es weiterhin im Ablaufkanal zwischen dem Steuerraum und dem Niederdruckbereich des Injektors eine Ablaufdrossel anzuordnen, die bevorzugt als kavitierende Ablaufdrossel ausgelegt ist. Der durch eine kavitierende Ablaufdrossel strömende Kraftstoffvolumenstrom ist weitgehend unabhängig von dem Schaltverhalten des eingesetzten Servoventils und der anliegenden Druckdifferenz, wodurch eine reproduzierbare Öffnungsbewegung des Ventilelementes sichergestellt ist. Wenn eine Zulaufdrossel und eine Ablaufdrossel gemeinsam vorgesehen werden, müssen deren Durchflussquerschnitte derart aufeinander abgestimmt sein, dass bei geöffnetem Steuerventil ein Nettoabfluss von Kraftstoff aus dem Steuerraum in den Niederdruckbereich und von dort aus zum Injektorrücklauf resultiert.The embodiment with the opening for opening of the valve element to low pressure control chamber allows further to arrange in the drainage passage between the control chamber and the low pressure region of the injector, a discharge throttle, which is preferably designed as a cavitating discharge throttle. The flowing through a cavitating discharge throttle fuel flow is largely independent of the switching behavior of the servo valve used and the applied pressure difference, whereby a reproducible opening movement of the valve element is ensured. If an inlet throttle and an outlet throttle are provided together, their flow cross sections must be coordinated with one another such that when the control valve is open a net outflow of fuel from the control chamber into the low pressure region and from there to the injector return results.

Von Vorteil ist eine Ausführungsform, bei der der Steuerraum über eine Zulaufdrossel mit unter Hochdruck stehendem Kraftstoff versorgbar ist. Mit Vorteil verbindet die Zulaufdrossel den Steuerraum mit einem Druckraum des Injektors. Bei dem Druckraum handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen als sogenanntes Mini-Rail dienenden Druckraum, aus dem der Kraftstoff bei geöffnetem Ventilelement direkt in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine strömt. Durch das Vorsehen eines Mini-Rails können Druckschwankungen im Hochdrucksystem ausgeglichen und somit ein reproduzierbares Einspritzverhalten des Injektors sichergestellt werden.An advantage is an embodiment in which the control chamber can be supplied via an inlet throttle with high-pressure fuel. Advantageously, the inlet throttle connects the control chamber with a pressure chamber of the injector. The pressure chamber is preferably a so-called mini-rail serving pressure chamber from which the fuel flows when the valve element is open directly into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. By providing a mini-rail pressure fluctuations in the high pressure system can be compensated and thus a reproducible injection behavior of the injector can be ensured.

Von Vorteil ist eine Konstruktion, bei der die Zulaufdrossel bei vollständig geöffnetem Ventilelement verschlossen ist. Hierdurch kann die bei geöffnetem Servoventil abfließende Steuermenge minimiert werden. Bevorzugt mündet hierzu die Zulaufdrossel in einen Boden des Steuerraums, welcher gleichzeitig als Anschlag zur Begrenzung der Öffnungsbewegung des Ventilelementes dient. Im Gegensatz zu bekannten Injektoren mit Servoventil, bei denen die Ablaufdrossel bei geöffnetem Ventilelement abgeschaltet wird, wird bei der Ausführungsform mit abschaltbarer Zulaufdrossel ein "Kleben" des Injektors durch hydraulische Haftkräfte mit Vorteil vermieden. Bevorzugt ist die Ablaufdrossel und/oder ein zur Ablaufdrossel führender Kanal nicht mittels des Ventilelementes abschaltbar.An advantage is a construction in which the inlet throttle is closed when the valve element is fully open. As a result, the amount of control effluent when the servo valve is open can be minimized. For this purpose, the inlet throttle preferably opens into a bottom of the control chamber, which simultaneously serves as a stop for limiting the opening movement of the valve element. In contrast to known injectors with servo valve, in which the outlet throttle is switched off when the valve element is open is, in the embodiment with disconnectable inlet throttle "gluing" of the injector by hydraulic adhesive forces advantageously avoided. Preferably, the outlet throttle and / or a channel leading to the outlet throttle can not be switched off by means of the valve element.

Um den Einsatz des Injektors mit nach außen öffnendem Ventilelement auch bei Kraftstoffdrücken jenseits von 2.000 bar zu ermöglichen, wird eine Ausführungsform vorgeschlagen, bei der das Servoventil in axialer Richtung - zumindest weitgehend - druckausgeglichen ist, also auf das Servoventil bzw. einen Steuerkolben des Servoventils bei geschlossenem Servoventil in Öffnungsrichtung keine - oder nur minimale - Kräfte in Öffnungsrichtung wirken. Bevorzugt ist dabei eine Ausführungsform, bei der ein mit Hochdruck beaufschlagter Ventilraum am Außenumfang eines Ventilkolbens des Servoventils angeordnet ist.In order to enable the use of the injector with outwardly opening valve element even at fuel pressures beyond 2,000 bar, an embodiment is proposed in which the servo valve in the axial direction - at least largely - pressure-balanced, so on the servo valve or a control piston of the servo valve at closed servo valve in the opening direction no - or only minimal - forces acting in the opening direction. An embodiment is preferred in which a valve space acted upon by high pressure is arranged on the outer circumference of a valve piston of the servo valve.

Zur Erzielung einer ausreichend großen Öffnungskraft, insbesondere bei Vorsehen eines von einer Durchmesserstufe des Ventilelementes begrenztem Steuerraum, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die vom Ventilsitz abgewandte Stirnseite des Ventilelementes dauerhaft mit Niederdruck beaufschlagt ist. Zur Realisierung einer ausreichend großen Öffnungskraft muss dann lediglich der kleinere, den Steuerraum begrenzende Führungsdurchmesser des Ventilelementes kleiner sein als der Ventilsitzdurchmesser des Ventilelementes.To achieve a sufficiently large opening force, in particular when providing a limited by a diameter step of the valve element control chamber, it is advantageous if the remote from the valve seat end face of the valve element is permanently subjected to low pressure. To realize a sufficiently large opening force then only the smaller, the control space limiting guide diameter of the valve element must be smaller than the valve seat diameter of the valve element.

Konstruktiv von Vorteil ist eine Ausführungsform, bei der ein die Steuerkammer radial außen begrenzendes Ventilstück einen ringförmigen Niederdruckraum radial innen begrenzt, welcher hydraulisch dauerhaft mit dem Rücklauf verbunden ist. Bevorzugt besteht zwischen diesem Niederdruckraum und einem von der Stirnseite des Ventilelementes begrenzten Raum eine dauerhafte hydraulische Verbindung.A constructive advantage is an embodiment in which a radially outwardly delimiting the control chamber valve piece an annular low pressure space radially inwardly limited, which is hydraulically permanently connected to the return. Preferably, there is a permanent hydraulic connection between this low-pressure space and a space bounded by the end face of the valve element.

Um den Zusammenbau des Injektors zu vereinfachen, ist eine Ausführungsform von Vorteil, bei der das Ventilelement mehrteilig, insbesondere zweiteilig ausgeführt ist. Eine besonders einfache Montage wird gewährleistet, wenn die mindestens zwei Ventilelementteile lösbar miteinander verbunden, insbesondere ineinander eingehängt sind. Selbst bei ineinander eingehängten Ventilelementteilen ist eine exakte Positionierung des Ventilelementes sichergestellt, da die beiden Ventilelementteile bei Beaufschlagung des Injektors mit Systemdruck automatisch gestreckt, d.h. auseinander gezogen werden. Alternativ ist auch eine gefangene, d.h. unlösbare Verbindung der Ventilelementteile realisierbar.In order to simplify the assembly of the injector, an embodiment is advantageous in which the valve element is designed in several parts, in particular in two parts. A particularly simple assembly is ensured if the at least two valve element parts releasably connected to each other, in particular are suspended in one another. Even with nested valve element parts an exact positioning of the valve element is ensured, since the two valve element parts automatically stretched upon application of the injector system pressure, ie pulled apart become. Alternatively, a trapped, ie permanent connection of the valve element parts can be realized.

Bevorzugt weist die Durchmesserstufe des Ventilelements, die den Steuerraum begrenzt und die eine Druckangriffsfläche zur Erzeugung einer Kraft auf das Ventilelement in axialer Richtung bildet, nach unten, d.h. in Richtung Injektoröffnung, so dass bei geschlossener Ablaufdrossel und steigendem Druck in dem Steuerraum eine in Schließrichtung auf das Ventilelement wirkende Kraft erzeugt wird.Preferably, the diameter step of the valve member which defines the control space and which forms a pressure application surface for generating a force on the valve member in the axial direction is downwardly, i.e. in the direction of the injector opening, so that when the outlet throttle is closed and the pressure in the control chamber increases, a force acting in the closing direction on the valve element is generated.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels und anhand der Zeichnung. Diese zeigt in der einzigen Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Injektors mit nach außen öffnendem, zweiteiligem Ventilelement.Further advantages, features and details emerge from the following description of a preferred embodiment and with reference to the drawing. This shows in the only one Fig. 1 a schematic representation of an injector with outwardly opening, two-piece valve element.

Ausführungsform der ErfindungEmbodiment of the invention

In Fig. 1 ist ein als Common-Rail-Injektor ausgebildeter Injektor 1 dargestellt. Der Injektor umfasst einen Injektorkörper 2 sowie einen Düsenkörper 3, der mit einer nicht gezeigten Überwurfmutter mit dem Injektorkörper 2 verspannt ist. Innerhalb des Injektorkörpers 2 ist ein als Mini-Rail dienender Druckraum 4 vorgesehen. Der Druckraum 4 wird über eine Hochdruckversorgungsleitung 5 von einem Kraftstoff-Hochdruckspeicher 6 (Rail) mit unter hohem Druck, von insbesondere über 2.000 bar stehendem Kraftstoff, insbesondere Dieselöl oder Benzin, versorgt. Der Kraftstoff-Hochdruckspeicher 6 wird von einer, insbesondere als Radialkolbenpumpe ausgebildeten Hochdruckpumpe 7 mit Kraftstoff aus einem auf Niederdruck liegendem Vorratsbehälter 8 versorgt. Ein Niederdruckbereich 9 des Injektors 1 ist über einen Rücklauf 10 mit dem Vorratsbehälter 8 dauerhaft hydraulisch verbunden, wobei der Druck im Niederdruckbereich 9 des Injektors je nach Betriebszustand etwa zwischen 0 und 10 bar beträgt. Über den Rücklauf 10 wird eine später noch zu erläuternde Kraftstoffsteuermenge aus einem Steuerraum 11 abgeführt und über die Hochdruckpumpe 7 dem Hochdruckkreislauf wieder zugeführt.In Fig. 1 is designed as a common rail injector injector 1 is shown. The injector comprises an injector body 2 and a nozzle body 3, which is braced with the injector body 2 with a union nut, not shown. Within the injector body 2 serving as a mini-rail pressure chamber 4 is provided. The pressure chamber 4 is supplied via a high-pressure supply line 5 from a high-pressure fuel storage 6 (rail) with under high pressure, in particular over 2,000 bar standing fuel, especially diesel oil or gasoline. The fuel high-pressure accumulator 6 is supplied with fuel from a high-pressure reservoir 8, which is designed in particular as a radial piston pump, with fuel. A low-pressure region 9 of the injector 1 is permanently hydraulically connected via a return 10 to the reservoir 8, the pressure in the low-pressure region 9 of the injector depending on the operating state is approximately between 0 and 10 bar. About the return 10, a fuel control amount to be explained later from a control chamber 11 and discharged via the high pressure pump 7 to the high-pressure circuit again.

Der Druckraum 4 wird von einem zweiteiligen Ventilelement 12 durchsetzt. Das Ventilelement 12 besteht aus einer in einem Ventilstück 14 geführten Steuerstange 13 und einer mit der Steuerstange 13 lösbar gekoppelten Düsennadel 15. Hierzu ist die Düsennadel 15 mit einer Queröffnung 25 in die Steuerstange 13 eingehängt. Ein verbreiteter Endabschnitt 26 der Steuerstange 13 hintergreift hierzu eine Schulter 27 der Queröffnung 25. Zum Aneinander-Festlegen der Steuerstange 13 und der Düsennadel 15 wird die Steuerstange 13 seitlich in die Queröffnung 25 eingeführt. Alternativ dazu ist es denkbar, die Steuerstange 13 und die Düsennadel 13 gefangen, d.h. nicht lösbar miteinander zu verbinden, wodurch jedoch eine Demontage des Injektors 1 unmöglich wird.The pressure chamber 4 is penetrated by a two-part valve element 12. The valve element 12 consists of a guided in a valve member 14 control rod 13 and one with the control rod 13 releasably coupled nozzle needle 15. For this purpose, the nozzle needle 15 is mounted with a transverse opening 25 in the control rod 13. For this purpose, a common end portion 26 of the control rod 13 engages behind a shoulder 27 of the transverse opening 25. To fix the control rod 13 and the nozzle needle 15 together, the control rod 13 is inserted laterally into the transverse opening 25. Alternatively, it is conceivable, the control rod 13 and the nozzle needle 13 caught, that is not detachably connected to each other, whereby, however, disassembly of the injector 1 is impossible.

Die Düsennadel 15 weist einen polygonförmig konturierten Führungsabschnitt 17 auf mit dem sie axial verschieblich in einer Bohrung im Düsenkörper 3 geführt ist. Die Düsennadel 15 überragt den Düsenkörper 3 in axialer Richtung und ist mit einer konischen Dichtfläche 18 in dichte Anlage an einen am Düsenkörper 3 ausgebildeten Ventilsitz 19 (Nadelsitz) bringbar.The nozzle needle 15 has a polygon-shaped contoured guide portion 17 with which it is guided axially displaceably in a bore in the nozzle body 3. The nozzle needle 15 projects beyond the nozzle body 3 in the axial direction and can be brought with a conical sealing surface 18 in tight contact with a valve seat 19 (needle seat) formed on the nozzle body 3.

Wenn das Ventilelement 12 am Ventilsitz 19 anliegt, d.h. sich in einer Schließstellung befindet, ist der Kraftstoffaustritt aus einem Bereich zwischen der Dichtfläche 18 und dem Ventilsitz 19 in den Brennraum (nicht gezeigt) gesperrt. Zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in den Brennraum muss das Ventilelement 12 nach außen, d.h. in der Zeichnungsebene nach unten bewegt werden, wodurch das Ventilelement 12 bzw. die Düsennadel 15 mit seiner/ihrer Dichtfläche 18 vom Ventilsitz 19 abhebt. In dieser Öffnungsstellung kann unter Hochdruck stehender Kraftstoff aus dem Druckraum 4 durch im Führungsabschnitt 17 des Ventilelementes 12 gebildete Axialkanäle 20 in einen Ringraum 21 und von dort aus unmittelbar an der Dichtfläche 18 vorbei in den Brennraum strömen.When the valve member 12 abuts the valve seat 19, i. is in a closed position, the fuel outlet from a region between the sealing surface 18 and the valve seat 19 in the combustion chamber (not shown) is locked. For injecting fuel into the combustion chamber, the valve element 12 must face outward, i. be moved in the plane of the drawing down, whereby the valve member 12 and the nozzle needle 15 lifts with its / its sealing surface 18 from the valve seat 19. In this open position, high-pressure fuel can flow from the pressure chamber 4 through axial channels 20 formed in the guide section 17 of the valve element 12 into an annular space 21 and from there directly past the sealing surface 18 into the combustion chamber.

An einem an der Düsennadel 15 gehaltenen Sicherungsring 22 stützt sich eine innerhalb des Druckraums 4 angeordnete Schließfeder 23 ab, die das Ventilelement 12 in Schließrichtung federkraftbeaufschlagt. An dem dem Sicherungsring 22 gegenüberliegenden Ende stützt sich die Schließfeder 23 an einer Ringschulter 24 des Injektorkörpers 2 ab.At one held on the nozzle needle 15 retaining ring 22 is a disposed within the pressure chamber 4 closing spring 23 is supported, which acts on the valve element 12 in the closing direction spring force. At the opposite end of the locking ring 22, the closing spring 23 is supported on an annular shoulder 24 of the injector body 2.

Der Steuerraum 11, der innerhalb des Ventilstücks 14 angeordnet ist, ist über eine Zulaufdrossel 28 mit dem Druckraum 4 verbunden. Die Zulaufdrossel 28 verläuft parallel zu der nicht eingezeichneten Längsachse des Ventilelementes 12 und mündet in einen Boden 29 des Steuerraums 11. Von dem Steuerraum 11 führt ein Ablaufkanal 30, der aus einer Radialbohrung 31 und einer Axialbohrung 32 gebildet ist, zu einer Ablaufdrossel 33 in einem weiteren Ventilstück 34. Das Ventilstück 34 ist in einem Anschlussteil 35 des Injektors 1 aufgenommen und wird von diesem gegen das Ventilstück 14 gepresst, welches sich wiederum an einer Ringschulter 36 des Injektorkörpers 2 abstützt.The control chamber 11, which is arranged within the valve piece 14, is connected via an inlet throttle 28 to the pressure chamber 4. The inlet throttle 28 extends parallel to the non-illustrated longitudinal axis of the valve element 12 and opens into a bottom 29 of the control chamber 11. From the control chamber 11 performs a drain passage 30 which is formed from a radial bore 31 and an axial bore 32, to an outlet throttle 33 in a further valve member 34. The valve member 34 is received in a connection part 35 of the injector 1 and is pressed by this against the valve member 14, which in turn at an annular shoulder 36th the injector body 2 is supported.

Die Ablaufdrossel 33 mündet in einen Ventilraum 37 eines Servoventils 38. Bei dem Servoventil 38 handelt es sich um ein in axialer Richtung druckausgeglichenes Ventil mit einem axial verstellbaren Ventilkolben 39 und einer einstückig mit dem Ventilkolben 39 ausgebildeten Ankerplatte 40. Die Ankerplatte 40 ist Teil eines elektromagnetischen Aktuators 41 zum axialen Verstellen des Ventilkolbens 39. Innerhalb einer Bohrung in einem Haltekörper 42 für Elektromagnete 43 des elektromagnetischen Aktuators 41 ist eine Druckfeder 44 angeordnet, die sich einenends an einem Boden einer Aufnahmebohrung 45 und anderenends an der Ankerplatte 40 abstützt und somit den Ventilkolben 39 in axialer Richtung auf seinen Ventilsitz 46 am Ventilstück 34 federkraftbeaufschlagt. Ein die Ankerplatte 40 aufnehmender Ankerraum 47 ist dauerhaft über eine Radialbohrung 48 in einem Abstützring 49 mit dem Rücklauf 10 verbunden und gehört somit zum Niederdruckbereich 9 des Injektors.The flow restrictor 33 opens into a valve chamber 37 of a servo valve 38. The servo valve 38 is a pressure-balanced valve in the axial direction with an axially adjustable valve piston 39 and an armature plate 40 formed integrally with the valve piston 39. The armature plate 40 is part of an electromagnetic Actuator 41 for axially adjusting the valve piston 39. Within a bore in a holding body 42 for electromagnets 43 of the electromagnetic actuator 41, a compression spring 44 is arranged, which is supported at one end to a bottom of a receiving bore 45 and the other end to the anchor plate 40 and thus the valve piston 39 Federkraftbeaufschlagt in the axial direction on its valve seat 46 on the valve member 34. An anchor plate 47 receiving the armature plate 47 is permanently connected via a radial bore 48 in a support ring 49 with the return line 10 and thus belongs to the low-pressure region 9 of the injector.

Zum Öffnen des Servoventils 38 werden die Elektromagnete 43 des elektromagnetischen Aktuators 41 bestromt, so dass sich der Ventilkolben 39 mit Ankerplatte 40 in der Zeichnungsebene nach oben bewegt und den Kraftstofffluss von dem Steuerraum 11 über den Ablaufkanal 30 und die Ablaufdrossel 33 in den Niederdruckbereich 9 des Injektors freigibt (abfließende Kraftstoffsteuermenge). Der Kraftstoff strömt hierzu bei geöffnetem Servoventil 38 über einen Axialkanal 50 in eine Kammer 51. Die Kammer 51 wird radial außen begrenzt von dem Ventilstück 14. In axialer Richtung wird die Kammer 51 begrenzt von einer oberen Stirnseite 52 der Steuerstange 13 und gegenüberliegend von einer Unterseite des Ventilstücks 34. Die Kammer 51 ist über eine Radialbohrung 53 dauerhaft mit einem Niederdruckraum 54 (Teil des Niederdruckbereichs 9) verbunden. Der Niederdruckraum 54 ist als Ringraum ausgebildet, der radial innen von den Ventilstücken 14, 34 und radial außen von dem Ventilkörper 2 begrenzt wird. Der Niederdruckraum 54 ist über einen Kanal 55 dauerhaft mit dem Rücklauf 10 verbunden. In der Folge liegt dauerhaft in der Kammer 51 (ebenfalls Teil des Niederdruckbereichs 9) und damit auch an der Stirnseite der Steuerstange 13, Niederdruck an. Aufgrund des Vorsehens des Axialkanals 50 liegt auch an einer Unterseite 56 des Ventilkolbens 39 des Servoventils 38 dauerhaft Niederdruck an. Beide Axialseiten des Ventilkolbens 39 sind daher mit Niederdruck beaufschlagt, wodurch das Servoventil 38 in axialer Richtung druckausgeglichen ist.To open the servo valve 38, the electromagnets 43 of the electromagnetic actuator 41 are energized, so that the valve piston 39 moves with anchor plate 40 in the plane up and the fuel flow from the control chamber 11 via the drain passage 30 and the outlet throttle 33 in the low pressure region 9 of Injector releases (outgoing fuel tax amount). The fuel flows to open servo valve 38 via an axial passage 50 into a chamber 51. The chamber 51 is bounded radially outwardly by the valve member 14. In the axial direction, the chamber 51 is bounded by an upper end face 52 of the control rod 13 and opposite from a bottom of the valve piece 34. The chamber 51 is permanently connected via a radial bore 53 to a low-pressure space 54 (part of the low-pressure region 9). The low-pressure space 54 is formed as an annular space, which is bounded radially inwardly by the valve pieces 14, 34 and radially outside of the valve body 2. The low-pressure space 54 is permanently connected to the return 10 via a channel 55. As a result, low pressure is permanently in the chamber 51 (also part of the low pressure region 9) and thus also on the front side of the control rod 13. Due to the provision of the axial channel 50 is also on an underside 56 of the valve piston 39 of the servo valve 38 permanently low pressure. Both axial sides of the Valve piston 39 are therefore subjected to low pressure, whereby the servo valve 38 is pressure balanced in the axial direction.

Wie aus Fig. 1 zu erkennen ist, ist der Steuerraum 11 von einer Durchmesserstufe 57 der Steuerstange 13 begrenzt. Anders ausgedrückt befindet sich der Steuerraum 11 axial zwischen einem unteren und einem oberen Führungsabschnitt 58, 59 der Steuerstange 13 des Ventilelementes 12. Dabei ist der Durchmesser D2 des oberen Führungsabschnittes 59 größer als der Durchmesser D3 des unteren Führungsabschnittes 58. Zugleich ist der Durchmesser D3 des unteren Führungsabschnittes 58 kleiner als der Durchmesser D1 des Ventilsitzes 19, so dass bei geöffnetem Servoventil 38 und mit dem Niederdruckbereich 9 verbundenem Steuerraum 11 auf das Ventilelement 12 eine in Öffnungsrichtung, das Ventilelement 12 nach außen verstellende Öffnungskraft wirkt.How out Fig. 1 can be seen, the control chamber 11 is limited by a diameter stage 57 of the control rod 13. In other words, the control chamber 11 is axially between a lower and an upper guide portion 58, 59 of the control rod 13 of the valve element 12. In this case, the diameter D2 of the upper guide portion 59 is greater than the diameter D3 of the lower guide portion 58. At the same time, the diameter D3 of lower guide portion 58 smaller than the diameter D1 of the valve seat 19, so that when the servo valve 38 is open and connected to the low-pressure region 9 control chamber 11 acts on the valve member 12 in the opening direction, the valve member 12 outwardly adjusting opening force.

Zum Schließen des Ventilelementes 12, also zur Bewegung des Ventilelementes 12 nach innen, d.h. in Richtung in den Injektor 1 hinein, wird die Bestromung des elektromagnetischen Aktuators 41 des Servoventils 38 unterbrochen, so dass der Ventilkolben 39 auf seinen Ventilsitz 46 bewegt wird. Durch den über die Zulaufdrossel 28 zuströmenden Kraftstoff steigt der Steuerdruck (Kraftstoffdruck) in der Steuerkammer 11 rapide im Wesentlichen auf Raildruck an, wodurch auf die Durchmesserstufe 57 der Steuerstange 13 und damit auf das Ventilelement 12, unterstützt von der Schließfeder 23 eine in Schließrichtung wirkende Kraft wirkt, wodurch wiederum die Dichtfläche 18 der Steuerstange 12 in dichte Anlage an den außen am Düsenkörper angeordneten Ventilsitz 19 kommt.For closing the valve element 12, ie for moving the valve element 12 inwards, i. in the direction of the injector 1, the energization of the electromagnetic actuator 41 of the servo valve 38 is interrupted, so that the valve piston 39 is moved to its valve seat 46. As a result of the fuel flowing in via the inlet throttle 28, the control pressure (fuel pressure) in the control chamber 11 increases rapidly substantially to rail pressure, causing the diameter step 57 of the control rod 13 and thus the valve element 12, supported by the closing spring 23, to act in the closing direction acts, which in turn the sealing surface 18 of the control rod 12 comes into tight contact with the valve body 19 arranged on the outside of the nozzle body.

Die Öffnungsbewegung des Ventilelementes 12 wird begrenzt durch das Anschlagen des oberen Führungsabschnitts 59 bzw. eines Anschlagabschnitts 16 (Ringschulter) am Boden 29 des Steuerraums 11. Dabei kann vorgesehen werden, dass der Anschlagabschnitt 16 die Zulaufdrossel 28 bei geöffnetem Ventilelement 12 abschaltet, d.h. versperrt.The opening movement of the valve element 12 is limited by the abutment of the upper guide portion 59 and a stopper portion 16 (annular shoulder) at the bottom 29 of the control chamber 11. It can be provided that the stopper portion 16, the inlet throttle 28 is switched off with the valve element 12 open, i. blocked.

Claims (11)

Injektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere Common-Rail-Injektor, mit einem nach außen öffnenden Ventilelement (12), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Steuerung des Ventilelementes (12) ein Servoventil (38) vorgesehen ist.Injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, in particular a common rail injector, with an outwardly opening valve element (12), characterized in that a servo valve (38) is provided for controlling the valve element (12). Injektor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein mit dem Ventilelement (12) wirkverbundener, insbesondere als Ringraum ausgebildeter, Steuerraum (11) vorgesehen ist, der zum Öffnen des Ventilelementes (12) mit einem Niederdruckbereich (9) des Injektors (1) verbindbar ist.Injector according to claim 1, characterized in that with the valve element (12) operatively connected, in particular designed as an annular space, control chamber (11) is provided, for opening the valve element (12) with a low pressure region (9) of the injector (1) connectable is. Injektor nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Steuerraum (11) von einer Durchmesserstufe (57) des Ventilelementes (12) begrenzt ist.Injector according to claim 2, characterized in that the control chamber (11) by a diameter stage (57) of the valve element (12) is limited. Injektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Ablaufdrossel (33) vorgesehen ist, durch die der Kraftstoff bei geöffnetem Servoventil (38) aus dem Steuerraum (11) in den Niederdruckbereich (9) strömt.Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an outlet throttle (33) is provided, through which the fuel flows when the servo valve (38) is open from the control chamber (11) into the low-pressure region (9). Injektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Zulaufdrossel 28 vorgesehen ist, durch die der Steuerraum (11) mit unter Hochdruck stehendem Kraftstoff (6) versorgt wird.Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an inlet throttle 28 is provided, through which the control chamber (11) is supplied with fuel under high pressure (6). Injektor nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zulaufdrossel (28) bei geöffnetem Ventilelement (12) von dem Ventilelement (12) verschlossen ist.Injector according to Claim 4, characterized in that the inlet throttle (28) is closed by the valve element (12) when the valve element (12) is open. Injektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Servoventil (38) in axialer Richtung druckausgeglichen ist.Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the servo valve (38) is pressure balanced in the axial direction. Injektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Stirnseite (52) des Ventilelementes (12) mit Niederdruck beaufschlagt ist.Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that a front side (52) of the valve element (12) is acted upon by low pressure. Injektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein den Steuerraum (11) begrenzendes Ventilstück (14) mit seiner äußeren Mantelfläche einen Niederdruckraum (54) begrenzt.Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a valve chamber (14) delimiting the control chamber (11) defines with its outer lateral surface a low-pressure space (54). Injektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ventilelement (12) mehrteilig, insbesondere zweiteilig, ausgebildet ist, und dass mindestens zwei Ventilelementteile lösbar miteinander verbunden sind.Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve element (12) in several parts, in particular two parts, is formed, and that at least two valve element parts are releasably connected to each other. Injektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Durchmesserstufe (57) des Ventilelementes (12) derart angeordnet ist, dass der Kraftstoffdruck in dem Steuerraum (11) eine in Schließrichtung des Ventilelementes (12) auf das Ventilelement (12) wirkende Kraft erzeugt.Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter step (57) of the valve element (12) is arranged such that the fuel pressure in the control chamber (11) acts in the closing direction of the valve element (12) on the valve element (12) generated.
EP08104395A 2007-07-02 2008-06-13 Injector with a valve element which opens to the outside Not-in-force EP2011995B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102007030711A DE102007030711A1 (en) 2007-07-02 2007-07-02 Injector with outwardly opening valve element

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EP2011995A2 true EP2011995A2 (en) 2009-01-07
EP2011995A3 EP2011995A3 (en) 2010-01-27
EP2011995B1 EP2011995B1 (en) 2011-10-26

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AT (1) ATE530759T1 (en)
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EP2602476A1 (en) * 2011-12-07 2013-06-12 Continental Automotive GmbH Valve assembly means for an injection valve and injection valve
EP2857670A1 (en) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-08 Continental Automotive GmbH Fuel injector
WO2017048738A1 (en) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-23 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel admission valve for pre-chamber

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DE102011078852A1 (en) 2011-07-08 2013-01-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dosing unit for introducing reducing agent into exhaust gas flow of combustion engine of motor vehicle, comprises conveying module and nozzle that is open outwards, where nozzle has nozzle body with recess, and nozzle-needle

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EP1734250B1 (en) 2005-06-15 2008-08-27 Denso Corporation Fuel injection valve

Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2602476A1 (en) * 2011-12-07 2013-06-12 Continental Automotive GmbH Valve assembly means for an injection valve and injection valve
WO2013083626A1 (en) * 2011-12-07 2013-06-13 Continental Automotive Gmbh Valve assembly arrangement for an injection valve and injection valve
US10094348B2 (en) 2011-12-07 2018-10-09 Continental Automotive Gmbh Valve assembly arrangement for an injection valve and injection valve
EP2857670A1 (en) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-08 Continental Automotive GmbH Fuel injector
WO2015049210A1 (en) 2013-10-04 2015-04-09 Continental Automotive Gmbh Fuel injector
CN105579698A (en) * 2013-10-04 2016-05-11 大陆汽车有限公司 Fuel injector
US11231001B2 (en) 2013-10-04 2022-01-25 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Fuel injector
WO2017048738A1 (en) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-23 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel admission valve for pre-chamber
US9970400B2 (en) 2015-09-15 2018-05-15 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel admission valve for pre-chamber

Also Published As

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DE102007030711A1 (en) 2009-01-08
EP2011995A3 (en) 2010-01-27
ATE530759T1 (en) 2011-11-15
EP2011995B1 (en) 2011-10-26
BRPI0803705A2 (en) 2009-06-16

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