EP2003395A2 - Abfallvergasungsverfahren in einem Drehherdofen und Ofen zum Vergasen von Abfällen - Google Patents

Abfallvergasungsverfahren in einem Drehherdofen und Ofen zum Vergasen von Abfällen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2003395A2
EP2003395A2 EP20080156964 EP08156964A EP2003395A2 EP 2003395 A2 EP2003395 A2 EP 2003395A2 EP 20080156964 EP20080156964 EP 20080156964 EP 08156964 A EP08156964 A EP 08156964A EP 2003395 A2 EP2003395 A2 EP 2003395A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
furnace
hearth
oven
coke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP20080156964
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Brüggler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre international de traitements et de recyclage des ordures nocives (CITRON)
Original Assignee
Centre international de traitements et de recyclage des ordures nocives (CITRON)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centre international de traitements et de recyclage des ordures nocives (CITRON) filed Critical Centre international de traitements et de recyclage des ordures nocives (CITRON)
Publication of EP2003395A2 publication Critical patent/EP2003395A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/24—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber
    • F23G5/26—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber having rotating bottom

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of waste gasification.
  • the invention relates, according to a first aspect, a gasification process of organic waste.
  • the known waste gasification techniques are based on fluid bed or percolation technologies through a fixed bed.
  • the present invention aims to provide a waste gasification process satisfactory in terms of gasification efficiency, simplified implementation, and faster realization.
  • the invention therefore has the advantage of providing waste gasification free of heavy preparation upstream, which simplifies the process as a whole and saves time and a reduced cost of implementation.
  • the method further includes a third step of burning the coke residues of the second step by raising them to a temperature of between 1000 and 1300 ° C.
  • At least a portion of the synthesis gases obtained in the second stage are extracted and recovered energetically.
  • the heat generated by the third step is used for the heat treatments of at least the first and second stages.
  • Part of the synthesis gases obtained in the second stage are advantageously burned in the third stage.
  • the furnace hearth stores heat during the third step and restores it at least during the first and second steps.
  • the waste before being introduced into the oven, can be subjected to grinding and / or screening.
  • the waste introduced into the furnace preferably has a larger dimension at most equal to 100 millimeters.
  • the water vapor is for example injected into the coke resting on the sole, preferably through the sole.
  • oxygen and in particular air, is supplied to the oven.
  • the materials resting on the hearth of the furnace such as waste or coke
  • plowshares for example of steel.
  • material refers to waste products and all their products obtained from the reactions of the first, second and third stages.
  • floor-based materials are termed waste and their products which are based on the hearth of the oven.
  • the waste is a mixture of solid, pulverulent and / or liquid waste.
  • the waste introduced into the furnace is deposited on the hearth, at the periphery thereof, and then, during the rotation of the hearth, punctually pushed towards the center of the furnace. sole, materials resting on the oven floor, such as waste or coke, following a spiral-shaped path.
  • each step takes place respectively in a defined volume inside the oven.
  • At least a portion of the gases and / or fumes present in the third step are burned at this stage and circulate above the volumes defined in the furnace to indirectly heat the contents of said volumes.
  • Oxygen, and in particular air, can be injected above the defined volumes in the furnace.
  • the waste is preferably introduced as a continuous flow into the oven.
  • the waste is selected from alternative fuels made from household and industrial waste, grinding scrap, sludge from water treatment plants, contaminated wood, industrial organic waste, and / or agricultural waste.
  • the invention relates to a rotary hearth furnace for the gasification of organic waste, comprising an oven enclosure delimited by a bottom, a peripheral wall and an upper wall, and a rotating hearth, above the bottom of the enclosure, capable of rotation about an axis, and intended to receive the waste.
  • Said oven is characterized in that it further comprises an internal set of walls above the rotating hearth, defining three chambers inside the enclosure, around the axis of rotation of the hearth.
  • the oven according to the invention may advantageously further comprise mixing means in the oven chamber above the hearth, said mixing means being at least intended to return and mix materials resting on the hearth, such as the waste or coke.
  • the mixing means are particularly rables, such as rakes or plowshares, for example steel.
  • the mixing means are arranged radially relative to the axis of rotation of the sole.
  • waste 1 is introduced into the furnace (not shown) and undergoes the first step 2 therein.
  • This first step 2 consists of drying and at least partly producing the thermolysis of the waste. It produces coke which rests on the hearth of the furnace and is thus directed, by the rotation of the sole, towards the second stage 3.
  • Gases are also obtained during this first step 2. They contain incondensable gases, such as methane CH 4 , ethane C 2 H 6 , carbon monoxide CO, and hydrogen H 2 , and condensable gases, such as tar and phenol.
  • incondensable gases such as methane CH 4 , ethane C 2 H 6 , carbon monoxide CO, and hydrogen H 2
  • condensable gases such as tar and phenol.
  • the second step 3 is successive to the first step 2 for the same batch of waste. These two steps 2, 3 are concomitant in the oven.
  • the second step 3 is carried out at a temperature higher than that of the first step 2 and possibly makes it possible to terminate the thermolysis of the waste and of their reaction products resulting from the first step 2.
  • This second step 3 is the gasification step. This is done through the introduction of 4 steam.
  • the water vapor is injected in particular into the coke resting on the sole, and preferably through the sole.
  • This water vapor allows the cracking of coke and condensable gases from the first stage 2.
  • the gases obtained in the second stage 3, called synthesis gas, are preferably extracted, at the outlet 5, from this stage 3.
  • the extracted synthesis gas is for example washed, dusted, and filtered, before being recovered energy in a gas turbine or boiler.
  • the process includes a third combustion step 6, at a temperature of between 1000 and 1300 ° C.
  • This third step 6 is successive to the second step 3 for the same batch of waste.
  • the three steps 2, 3, 6 are carried out concomitantly in the oven.
  • An oxidant in this case the oxygen of the air, is brought to the inlet 7.
  • part of the synthesis gases obtained in the second step 3 can also be burned in the third step 6.
  • the third step 6 generates a lot of heat, by the combustion of coke residues, which are for example in the state of smoke at this stage, as well as by that of a part of the gases coming from the second stage 3.
  • This heat is advantageously used, as shown by the arrows 8, for the heat treatments of the first and second stages 2, 3.
  • the heat generated in the third step 6 is sufficient to heat the oven, and in particular for the heat input required respectively for the unfolding of the first, second and third steps 2, 3, 6.
  • the heat generated in the third step 6 is for example stored by the oven floor, which is made of refractory material.
  • the sole then restores this stored heat to the materials in the furnace, and in particular to the materials resting on the sole.
  • each step 2, 3, 6 of the process according to the invention takes place respectively in a defined volume inside the furnace.
  • Each volume is for example a chamber as described below.
  • At least a portion of the gases and / or fumes present in the third step 6, in other words obtained directly at this step 6 and possibly from the second step 3, can advantageously circulate above the volumes defined in the oven to indirectly heat up the content of said volumes.
  • Oxygen, and in particular air, is preferably injected above the volumes defined in the furnace to promote the combustion of gases and / or fumes circulating therein.
  • FIG. 2 To the figure 2 is shown a rotary hearth furnace, adapted to the implementation of the method according to the invention, gasification of organic waste.
  • This oven comprises a furnace enclosure 10 delimited by a bottom 11, a peripheral wall 12 and an upper wall 13.
  • the rotating hearth 14 is rotatable about an axis 15. It is intended to receive the waste introduced by the inlet 16.
  • the oven further comprises an internal assembly 17 of walls above the rotating hearth 14.
  • the assembly 17 of walls defines at least two, and preferably three, chambers 18a, 18b, 18c within the enclosure 10, around the axis 15 of rotation of the sole.
  • the set 17 of walls has one or more planes preferably perpendicular to that of the hearth 14. It spares one or more passage spaces above the hearth 14, so that the materials resting on the hearth can circulate under the set of 17 walls.
  • the rooms defined by the set of walls are not quite closed by the wall or walls.
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously operate continuously.
  • the waste is then introduced in continuous flow into the oven.
  • the oven hearth rotates advantageously continuously and at a constant speed.
  • the speed of the sole is adjustable.
  • the oven can operate in piston mode, or in spiral mode.
  • the waste is preferably deposited on a radius of the hearth and the ashes obtained at the end of the process are extracted from the oven using for example an extraction screw.
  • the waste introduced into the furnace is deposited on the sole, on the periphery thereof, then, during the rotation of the hearth, punctually pushed towards the center of the hearth, the materials resting on the oven floor, such as waste or coke, following a spiral path.
  • the waste is deposited on 50 centimeters on this width.
  • the spiral mode offers the advantage of greater waste processing speed compared to the piston mode.
  • the rotation speed of the hearth is generally greater in spiral mode than in piston mode.
  • the oven may include mixing means in the oven enclosure above the hearth. These mixing means are at least intended to return and mix the materials (waste, coke, etc.) resting on the sole.
  • These mixing means are, for example, saddles, such as rakes or sets of plowshares. They are preferably made of steel.
  • Materials resting on the hearth of the furnace such as waste or coke, can thus be mixed during the process.
  • This mixture prevents the formation of a top layer of ash on the pile of materials, which layer has the disadvantage of isolating the rest of the cluster.
  • the mixing means are for example arranged radially relative to the axis of rotation of the sole.
  • the materials resting on the hearth of the oven can be not only mixed by the mixing means, but also pushed by these means, particularly in the context of operation of the spiral oven.
  • the organic waste concerned by the invention may be of a heterogeneous nature, and in particular be mixtures of solid, pulverulent and / or liquid waste.
  • the waste is selected from alternative fuels made from household and industrial waste, grinding scrap, sludge from water treatment plants, contaminated wood, industrial organic waste, and / or agricultural waste.
  • the waste before being introduced into the oven, is subjected to grinding and / or screening, to advantageously select waste having a larger dimension at most equal to 100 millimeters.
  • One of the advantages of the process of the invention is to possibly require only a grinding and / or a summary screening, and to accept waste of heterogeneous size, such as between about 1 millimeter and about 100 millimeters.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to limit importantly the emission of carbon dioxide CO 2 , for the same amount of treated waste.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP20080156964 2007-06-15 2008-05-27 Abfallvergasungsverfahren in einem Drehherdofen und Ofen zum Vergasen von Abfällen Withdrawn EP2003395A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0704298A FR2917486B1 (fr) 2007-06-15 2007-06-15 Procede de gazeification de dechets dans un four a sole tournante, et four pour sa mise en oeuvre

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2003395A2 true EP2003395A2 (de) 2008-12-17

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Family Applications (1)

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EP20080156964 Withdrawn EP2003395A2 (de) 2007-06-15 2008-05-27 Abfallvergasungsverfahren in einem Drehherdofen und Ofen zum Vergasen von Abfällen

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EP (1) EP2003395A2 (de)
FR (1) FR2917486B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2488042C1 (ru) * 2012-02-16 2013-07-20 Михаил Васильевич Жуков Плазмоэлектролизный генератор электроэнергии, удобрений и воды из стоков и органических отходов

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2324053A1 (en) * 2000-10-20 2002-04-20 Malahat Systems Corporation Gasifier
JP3961795B2 (ja) * 2001-08-22 2007-08-22 株式会社神戸製鋼所 可燃性廃棄物の燃焼処理方法およびその装置
AT412308B (de) * 2003-05-14 2004-12-27 Kwb Kraft Und Waerme Aus Bioma Heizeinrichtung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2488042C1 (ru) * 2012-02-16 2013-07-20 Михаил Васильевич Жуков Плазмоэлектролизный генератор электроэнергии, удобрений и воды из стоков и органических отходов

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2917486A1 (fr) 2008-12-19
FR2917486B1 (fr) 2009-09-25

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