EP2001882A1 - Dérivés d'indazole substitués, leur fabrication et leur utilisation comme agents pharmaceutiques - Google Patents

Dérivés d'indazole substitués, leur fabrication et leur utilisation comme agents pharmaceutiques

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Publication number
EP2001882A1
EP2001882A1 EP07723447A EP07723447A EP2001882A1 EP 2001882 A1 EP2001882 A1 EP 2001882A1 EP 07723447 A EP07723447 A EP 07723447A EP 07723447 A EP07723447 A EP 07723447A EP 2001882 A1 EP2001882 A1 EP 2001882A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
indol
ethyl
dihydro
dimethyl
imidazo
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07723447A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Guy Georges
Bernhard Goller
Anja Limberg
Petra Rueger
Matthias Rueth
Christine Schuell
Mark Stahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
F Hoffmann La Roche AG
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F Hoffmann La Roche AG
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Priority to EP07723447A priority Critical patent/EP2001882A1/fr
Publication of EP2001882A1 publication Critical patent/EP2001882A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4188—1,3-Diazoles condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. biotin, sorbinil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to substituted indazole derivatives, to a process for their manufacture, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their manufacture as well as the use of these compounds as pharmaceutically active agents.
  • the serine/ threonine kinase family includes members that control cell growth, migration, differentiation, gene expression, muscle contraction, glucose metabolism, cellular protein synthesis, and regulation of the cell cycle.
  • Aurora kinases are a family of serine/threonine kinases that are believed to play a key role in the protein phosphorylation events that are essential for the completion of essential mitotic events.
  • the Aurora kinase family is made up of three key members: Aurora A, B and C (also known as Aurora-2, Aurora- 1 and Aurora-3 respectively).
  • Aurora-1 and Aurora-2 are described in US 6,207,401 of Sugen and in related patents and patent applications, e.g. EP 0 868 519 and EP 1 051 500.
  • Aurora A is amplified and transcript/protein is highly expressed in a majority of human tumor cell lines and primary colorectal, breast and other tumors. It has been shown that Aurora A overexpression leads to genetic instability shown by amplified centrosomes and significant increase in aneuploidy and transforms Ratl fibroblasts and mouse NIH3T3 cells in vitro. Aurora A-transformed NIH3T3 cells grow as tumors in nude mice (Bischoff, J. R., and Plowman, G.D., Trends Cell Biol. 9 (1999) 454-459; Giet, R., and Prigent, C, J. Cell Sci.
  • Aurora A contributes to cancer phenotype by being involved in chromosome segregation and mitotic checkpoint control.
  • WO 03/035065 relates to benzimidazole derivatives as kinase inhibitors, especially as inhibitors against KDR, SYK and ITK tyrosine kinases.
  • WO 01/02369 and WO 01/53268 relate to indazole derivatives as kinase inhibitors, especially as inhibitors against VGEF, LCK, FAK, TEK, CHK-I and CDKs, with antiproliferative activity. Summary of the Invention
  • the present invention relates to tricyclic aminopyrazole derivatives of the general formula I,
  • R 1 is alkyl
  • R 2 and R 3 are alkyl; one of R 4 and R 5 is a) -X-heteroaryl, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl, alkyl-C(O)-, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl, fluorinated alkoxy, cyano, nitro, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino or halogen; b) -Y-phenyl, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl, alkyl-C(O)-, carboxy, alkyl-NHC(O)-, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl, fluorinated alkoxy, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkyl-C(O)NH-, alkyl-S(O) 2 NH-, halogen, 2,4- dioxa-pentan-l,5-diyl
  • the compounds according to this invention show activity as Aurora family kinase inhibitors, especially as Aurora A kinase inhibitors, and may therefore be useful for the treatment of diseases mediated by said kinase.
  • Aurora A inhibition leads to cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and exerts an antiproliferative effect in tumor cell lines.
  • Aurora A inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of i.e. hyperproliferative diseases such as cancer and in particular colorectal, breast, lung, prostate, pancreatic, gastric, bladder, ovarian, melanoma, neuroblastoma, cervical, kidney or renal cancers, leukemias or lymphomas.
  • Treatment of acute-myelogenous leukemia (AML, acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is included.
  • Objects of the present invention are the compounds of formula I and their tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, enantiomeric forms, diastereoisomers and racemates, their use as Aurora kinase inhibitors, the preparation of the above- mentioned compounds, medicaments containing them and their manufacture as well as the use of the above-mentioned compounds in treatment, control or prevention of illnesses, especially of illnesses and disorders as mentioned above like tumors or cancer (e.g. colorectal, breast, lung, prostate, pancreatic, gastric, bladder, ovarian, melanoma, neuroblastoma, cervical, kidney or renal cancers, leukemias or lymphomas) or in the manufacture of corresponding medicaments.
  • tumors or cancer e.g. colorectal, breast, lung, prostate, pancreatic, gastric, bladder, ovarian, melanoma, neuroblastoma, cervical, kidney or renal cancers, leukemias or lymphomas
  • cancer e.g. colorectal, breast
  • alkyl as used herein means a saturated, straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, 2-butyl, t-butyl, n- pentyl, n-hexyl.
  • alkoxy as used herein means an alkyl-O-group wherein the alkyl is defined as above.
  • alkylamino as used herein means an alkyl-NH- group wherein the alkyl is defined as above.
  • dialkylamino as used herein means an (alkyl) 2 N- group wherein the alkyl is defined as above.
  • halogen as used herein means fluorine, chlorine or bromine, preferably fluorine or chlorine.
  • fluorinated alkyl as used herein means an alkyl group as defined above which is substituted one or several times, preferably one to six and more preferably one to three times, by fluorine. Examples are difluoromethyl, trifiuoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifiuoroethyl, perfluorethyl, and the like, preferably trifiuoromethyl.
  • fluorinated alkoxy means an alkoxy group as defined above which is substituted one or several times, preferably one to six and more preferably one to three times, by fluorine. Examples are difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, 2,2,2-trifiuoroethoxy, perfluoroethoxy and the like, preferably trifluoromethoxy.
  • cycloalkyl as used herein means a monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon ring with 3 to 7, preferably 3 to 6, ring atoms.
  • saturated carbocyclic groups are e.g. cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cycloheptyl, preferably cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.
  • heteroaryl means a mono- or bicyclic aromatic ring with 5 to 10, preferably 5 to 6, ring atoms, which contains up to 3, preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected independently from N, O or S and the remaining ring atoms being carbon atoms.
  • heteroaryl groups include pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, furanyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl and the like, preferably pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, thienyl, pyridyl or pyrimidyl.
  • heteroaryl group of -X-heteroaryl in the definition of R 4 and R 5 is substituted, such heteroaryl group is substituted preferably one or two times.
  • phenyl group of -Y-phenyl in the definition of R 4 and R 5 is substituted, such phenyl group is substituted preferably one or two times.
  • phenyl group of -Y-phenyl in the definition of R 4 and R 5 is substituted by 2,4- dioxa-pentan-l,5-diyl or 2,5-dioxa-hexan-l,6-diyl, it is substituted preferably once by 2,4-dioxa-pentan-l,5-diyl or 2,5-dioxa-hexan-l,6-diyl and forms together with the 2,4-dioxa-pentan-l,5-diyl or the 2,5-dioxa-hexan-l,6-diyl substituent a benzo[l,3]dioxolyl or a 2,3-dihydro-benzo[l,4]dioxinyl moiety.
  • ESI+ refers to positive electrospray ionization mode
  • ESI- refers to negative electrospray ionization mode
  • API+ refers to positive atmospheric pressure ionization mode
  • API- refers to negative atmospheric pressure ionization mode
  • DMSO deuterated dimethylsulfoxide
  • a therapeutically effective amount of a compound means an amount of compound that is effective to prevent, alleviate or ameliorate symptoms of disease or prolong the survival of the subject being treated. Determination of a therapeutically effective amount is within the skill in the art.
  • the therapeutically effective amount or dosage of a compound according to this invention can vary within wide limits and may be determined in a manner known in the art. Such dosage will be adjusted to the individual requirements in each particular case including the specific compound(s) being administered, the route of administration, the condition being treated, as well as the patient being treated. In general, in the case of oral or parenteral administration to adult humans weighing approximately 70 Kg, a daily dosage of about 10 mg to about 10,000 mg, preferably from about 200 mg to about 1,000 mg, should be appropriate, although the upper limit may be exceeded when indicated. The daily dosage can be administered as a single dose or in divided doses, or for parenteral administration, it may be given as continuous infusion.
  • a "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” or a “pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant” is intended to include any and all material compatible with pharmaceutical administration including solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and other materials and compounds compatible with pharmaceutical administration. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with the active compound, use thereof in the compositions of the invention are contemplated. Supplementary active compounds can also be incorporated into the compositions.
  • the compounds of formula I can exist in different tautomeric forms and in variable mixtures thereof. All tautomeric forms of the compounds of formula I and mixtures thereof are an objective of the invention.
  • the imidazole part of the tricyclic ring system of formula I can exist in two tautomeric forms as shown here below:
  • One embodiment of invention are the compounds according to formula I, wherein one ofR and R 5 is a) -X-heteroaryl, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted one to three times, preferably once or twice, by alkyl or alkoxy; b) -Y-phenyl, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted one to three times, preferably once or twice, by alkyl, alkyl-C(O)-, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl, nitro, dialkylamino, halogen or 2,4-dioxa-pentan-l,5- diyl; or wherein the phenyl is substituted once by phenyl; or c) -Z-cycloalkyl; and the other of R 4 and R 5 is hydrogen;
  • X is a single bond
  • Another embodiment of invention are the compounds according to formula I, wherein one of R 4 and R 5 is -X-heteroaryl, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl or alkoxy; and the other of R 4 and R 5 is hydrogen;
  • Another embodiment of invention are the compounds according to formula I, wherein one of R 4 and R 5 is -X-heteroaryl, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl or alkoxy; and the other of R 4 and R 5 is hydrogen; and
  • X is a single bond.
  • Such compounds may be selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 4 and R 5 are the compounds according to formula I, wherein one of R 4 and R 5 is -Y-phenyl, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl, alkyl-C(O)-, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl, nitro, dialkylamino, halogen or 2,4-dioxa-pentan-l,5-diyl; or wherein the phenyl is substituted once by phenyl; and the other of R 4 and R 5 is hydrogen.
  • R 4 and R 5 are the compounds according to formula I, wherein one of R 4 and R 5 is -Y-phenyl, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl-C(O)-, carboxy, alkoxy, nitro, dialkylamino or halogen; or wherein the phenyl is substituted once by phenyl; and the other of R 4 and R 5 is hydrogen; and Y is a single bond.
  • Such compounds may be selected from the group consisting of:
  • Such compounds may be selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 4 and R 5 are the compounds according to formula I, wherein one of R 4 and R 5 is -Y-phenyl, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl, alkyl-C(O)-, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl, nitro, dialkylamino, halogen or 2,4-dioxa-pentan-l,5-diyl; or wherein the phenyl is substituted once by phenyl; and the other of R 4 and R 5 is hydrogen; and Y is -C ⁇ C-.
  • Such a compound is for example:
  • Another embodiment of invention are the compounds according to formula I, wherein one of R 4 and R 5 is -Z-cycloalkyl; and the other of R 4 and R 5 is hydrogen.
  • a compound is for example:
  • R 4 is a) -X-heteroaryl, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl or alkoxy; b) -Y-phenyl, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl, alkyl-C(O)-, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl, nitro, dialkylamino, halogen or 2,4-dioxa-pentan-l,5-diyl; or wherein the phenyl is substituted once by phenyl; or c) -Z-cycloalkyl; R 5 is hydrogen; _ _
  • X is a single bond
  • R 4 is -X-heteroaryl, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl or alkoxy;
  • R 5 is hydrogen; and X is a single bond.
  • R 4 is -Y-phenyl, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl, alkyl-C(O)-, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl, nitro, dialkylamino, halogen or 2,4-dioxa-pentan-l,5-diyl; or wherein the phenyl is substituted once by phenyl;
  • R 4 is -Z-cycloalkyl
  • R 5 is a) -X-heteroaryl, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl or alkoxy; b) -Y-phenyl, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl, alkyl-C(O)-, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl, nitro, dialkylamino, halogen or 2,4-dioxa-pentan-l,5-diyl; or wherein the phenyl is substituted once by phenyl; or c) -Z-cycloalkyl; R 4 is hydrogen;
  • X is a single bond
  • R 5 is -X-heteroaryl, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl or alkoxy;
  • R 4 is hydrogen;
  • X is a single bond.
  • R 5 is -Y-phenyl, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted one to three times by alkyl, alkyl-C(O)-, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl, nitro, dialkylamino, halogen or 2,4-dioxa-pentan-l,5-diyl; or wherein the phenyl is substituted once by phenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen;
  • R 5 is -Z-cycloalkyl
  • R 4 is hydrogen
  • Another embodiment of invention is a process for the preparation of the compounds of formula I by a) reacting a compound of formula V,
  • R 4 andR 5 have the significance given above for formula I and G represents a functional group selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, bromine, iodine, boronic acids and boronic acid esters,
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 have the significance given above for formula I,
  • the compounds of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are subject of the present invention may be prepared by any process known to be applicable to the preparation of chemically-related compounds. Such processes, when used to prepare a compound of the formula I, or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, are illustrated by the following representative schemes 1 to 7 and examples in which, unless otherwise stated, R 1 , R , R , R and R 5 have the significance given herein before for formula I. Necessary starting materials are _ _
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 have the significance as given above for formula I.
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 have the significance as given above for formula I, except that R 1 is not hydrogen, and L represents a leaving group as e.g. iodine, bromine, chlorine, triflate and the like.
  • diamines of formula II can be obtained by an alkylation of diamines of formula III as shown in scheme Ib.
  • Diamines of formula III can be synthesized according to scheme 1 under omission of step 5.
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 have the significance as given above for formula I, except that R 1 is not hydrogen, and L represents a leaving group as e.g. iodine, bromine, chlorine, triflate and the like.
  • the alkylation reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a base such as sodium hydride, potassium hydride and the like, especially sodium hydride, in inert solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), N-methyl-pyrrolidinone (NMP), tetrahydrofuran and the like.
  • Diamines of formula II are subsequently employed in the formation of the imidazole ring system of formula I. Different synthetic pathways for this cyclization are described in the literature (e.g. see Mertens, A., et al., J. Med. Chem. 30 (1987) 1279-1287 and US 4,695,567A).
  • diamines of formula II can be reacted with carboxylic acids (indazole compounds of formula IV wherein A is hydroxy), acid chlorides (indazole compounds of formula IV wherein A is chlorine), aldehydes (indazole compounds of formula IV wherein A is hydrogen), methyl carboxylates (indazole compounds of formula IV wherein A is methoxy) or activated esters (indazole compounds of formula IV wherein A is e.g. hydroxybenzotriazole).
  • carboxylic acids indazole compounds of formula IV wherein A is hydroxy
  • acid chlorides indazole compounds of formula IV wherein A is chlorine
  • aldehydes indazole compounds of formula IV wherein A is hydrogen
  • methyl carboxylates indazole compounds of formula IV wherein A is methoxy
  • activated esters indazole compounds of formula IV wherein A is e.g. hydroxybenzotriazole
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 have the significance as given above for formula I and A is hydroxy, chlorine, hydrogen, methoxy or e.g. hydroxybenzotriazole.
  • One of the substituents Fg 4 and Fg 5 is a functional group suitable for conversion into R 4 and R 5 and the other of Fg 4 and Fg 5 is hydrogen. If Fg 4 or Fg 5 is a functional group suitable for conversion into R 4 or R 5 such functional group is selected from the group consisting of: carboxy, cyano, bromine, iodine, triflate, -ZnCl, boronic acids, boronic acid esters (e.g. boronic acid pinacolesters) and trialkylstannanes (e.g.
  • Me 3 Sn, Bu 3 Sn Preferably such functional group is selected from the group consisting of: carboxy, cyano, bromine, iodine, boronic acids and boronic acid esters (e.g. boronic acid pinacolesters). Examples for the conversion into R 4 and R (which have the meaning as defined above for formula I) are described in schemes 5-7.
  • Indazoles of formula IV are either commercially available or they can be prepared by different synthetic routes according to the nature of "A”. If "A” is hydroxy the corresponding 3-indazolecarboxylic acids are named IVa and can be manufactured e.g. as shown in the following scheme 3. - -
  • the necessary isatins are either commercially available or may be obtained by standard procedures of organic chemistry, e.g. by reaction of the corresponding aniline with oxalylchloride. The reaction starts with an N-acylation, followed by an intramolecular acylation which can be catalyzed by Lewis acids, (e.g. Piggott, MJ.
  • Lewis acids e.g. Piggott, MJ.
  • Fg 4 and Fg 5 have the significance as given above for scheme II.
  • the compounds of formula IVb can be synthesized from suitably substituted indoles by treatment with NaNO 2 /HCl as described e.g. in Sail, DJ., et al., J. Med. Chem. 40 (1997) 2843-2857.
  • G represents a functional group suitable for coupling reactions, and compatible with Fg, as described above.
  • G is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, bromine, iodine, triflate, - ZnCl, boronic acids, boronic acid esters (e.g. boronic acid pinacolesters) and trialkylstannanes (e.g. Me 3 Sn, Bu 3 Sn).
  • Preferably G is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, bromine, iodine, boronic acids and boronic acid esters.
  • This reaction may be for example, but not limited to, a Suzuki type palladium catalyzed cross coupling reaction (G is boronic acid, boronic acid pinacolester etc. and Fg is bromine or iodine or Fg is boronic acids, boronic acid pinacolester etc. and G is bromine or iodine; see e.g. Miyaura, N., et al., Chem. Rev. 95 (1995) 2457; Miyaura, N., et al., Synth. Commun., 11 (1981) 513), a Negishi type reaction (G is ZnCl etc. and Fg is bromine or iodine or Fg is ZnCl etc.
  • a Suzuki type palladium catalyzed cross coupling reaction (G is boronic acid, boronic acid pinacolester etc. and Fg is bromine or iodine or Fg is boronic acids, boronic acid pina
  • G is bromine or iodine; see e.g. Negishi, E., et al., J.Org.Chem. 42 (1977) 1821) or a Stille type reaction (G is trialkylstannane e.g. Me 3 Sn, Bu 3 Sn and Fg is triflate, bromine or iodine or Fg is trialkylstannane e.g. Me 3 Sn, Bu 3 Sn and G is triflate, bromine or iodine; see e.g. Stille, J.K., Angew. Chem. 1986, 98, 504).
  • G is trialkylstannane e.g. Me 3 Sn, Bu 3 Sn and Fg is triflate, bromine or iodine; see e.g. Stille, J.K., Angew. Chem. 1986, 98, 504
  • the intermediates of formulas V wherein Fg is a boronic acid, a boronic acid pinacolesters or trialkylstannane etc. can be obtained for example from the corresponding halogenides (Fg is bromine or iodine) by standard procedures of organic chemistry.
  • Fg is bromine or iodine
  • compounds of formula V wherein Fg is a boronic acid pinacolester can be prepared from the bromide by a palladium catalyzed (e.g. PdCl 2 (dppf)-CH 2 Cl 2 -complex) coupling with pinacolboran or bis(pinacolato)diboron.
  • compounds of formula V wherein Fg is trialkylstannane can be prepared from the bromide by a palladium catalyzed (e.g. PdCl 2 (MeCN) 2 - Komplex) coupling with hexa-alkylditin.
  • a palladium catalyzed e.g. PdCl 2 (MeCN) 2 - Komplex
  • the palladium catalyzed coupling reaction may also be for example, but not limited to, of Sonogashira type (Fg is e.g. Br, I or OTf, G is hydrogen and R 4 or R 5 is a optionally substituted phenylethynyl or a optionally substituted heteroarylethynyl group; see e.g. Sonogashira, K., et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 16 (1975) 4467-4470; Sonogashira, K., J. Organomet. Chem. 653 (2002) 46-49).
  • Sonogashira type Fg is e.g. Br, I or OTf
  • G is hydrogen
  • R 4 or R 5 is a optionally substituted phenylethynyl or a optionally substituted heteroarylethynyl group
  • the palladium catalyzed coupling reaction may also be for example, but not limited to, of Heck type (Fg is e.g. Br, I or OTf, G is hydrogen and R 4 or R 5 is a optionally substituted styryl group or a optionally substituted heteroarylethenyl group; see e.g. Heck, R.F., et al., J.Org.Chem. 37 (1972) 2320).
  • Heck type Fg is e.g. Br, I or OTf
  • G is hydrogen
  • R 4 or R 5 is a optionally substituted styryl group or a optionally substituted heteroarylethenyl group; see e.g. Heck, R.F., et al., J.Org.Chem. 37 (1972) 2320).
  • the carboxylic acids are converted to the amides which are reacted with N,N- dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal.
  • the obtained acylamidines cyclize upon heating with hydrazine in glacial acetic acid to give the desired 1,2,4-triazoles.
  • substituents on the groups R 4 or R 5 may not be inert to the conditions of the synthesis sequences described above and may require protection by standard protecting groups known in the art. For instance, an amino or hydroxyl group may be protected as an acetyl or tert-butyloxycarbonyl (BOC) derivative. Alternatively, some substituents may be derived from others at the end of the reaction sequence. For instance, a compound of formula I may be synthesized bearing a nitro-, a cyano, an ethoxycarbonyl, an ether, a sulfonic acid substituent on the group R 4 or R 5 , which substituents are finally converted to an a) amino group- (e.g.
  • acylamino group - e.g. by amide formation from an amino group e.g.
  • ether group - e.g. by Williamson's ether synthesis from a hydroxyl group
  • carboxamide group e.g. by amide formation from a carboxylic acid group with appropriate amines after activation of the carboxylic acid group with CDI, EDC, etc. or conversion to an acyl chloride
  • sulfonamide group by standard procedures.
  • Medicaments containing a compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a therapeutically inert carrier are an object of the present invention, as is a process for their production, which comprises bringing one or more compounds of the present invention and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts and, if desired, one or more other therapeutically valuable substances into a galenical administration form together with one or more therapeutically inert carriers.
  • the compounds of the present invention as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are useful in the control or prevention of illnesses. Based on their Aurora tyrosine kinase inhibition and/or their antiproliferative activity, said compounds are useful for the treatment of diseases such as cancer in humans or animals and for the production of corresponding medicaments.
  • the dosage depends on various factors such as manner of administration, species, age and/or individual state of health.
  • An embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition, containing one or more compounds according to formula I, together with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition containing one or more compounds of formula I as active ingredients together with pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants for the treatment of diseases mediated by an inappropriate activation of Aurora family tyrosine kinases.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition, containing one or more compounds according to formula I as active ingredients together with pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants for the inhibition of tumor growth.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition containing one or more compounds of formula I as active ingredients together with pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants for the treatment of colorectal, breast, lung, prostate, pancreatic, gastric, bladder, ovarian, melanoma, neuroblastoma, cervical, kidney or renal cancers, leukemias or lymphomas.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition containing one or more compounds of formula I as active ingredients together with pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants for the treatment of acute-myelogenous leukemia (AML, acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).
  • AML acute-myelogenous leukemia
  • ALL acute lymphocytic leukemia
  • GIST gastrointestinal stromal tumor
  • Another embodiment of the invention is the use of one or more compounds of formula I for the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of diseases mediated by an inappropriate activation of Aurora family tyrosine kinases.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is the use of a compound according to formula I, for the manufacture of corresponding medicaments for the inhibition of tumor growth.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is the use of a compound according to formula I, for the manufacture of corresponding medicaments for the treatment of colorectal, breast, lung, prostate, pancreatic, gastric, bladder, ovarian, melanoma, neuroblastoma, cervical, kidney or renal cancers, leukemias or lymphomas.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is the use of a compound according to formula I, for the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of acute- -
  • AML myelogenous leukemia
  • ALL acute lymphocytic leukemia
  • GIST gastrointestinal stromal tumor
  • Another embodiment of the invention is the use of the compounds of formula I as Aurora A tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is the use of the compounds of formula I as anti-proliferating agents.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is the use of one or more compounds of formula I for the treatment of cancer.
  • the compounds according to the present invention may exist in the form of their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salt refers to conventional acid-addition salts that retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the compounds of formula I and are formed from suitable non-toxic organic or inorganic acids.
  • Sample acid-addition salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, phosphoric acid and nitric acid, and those derived from organic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid and the like.
  • the chemical modification of a pharmaceutical compound (i.e. a drug) into a salt is a technique well known to pharmaceutical chemists to obtain improved physical and chemical stability, hygroscopicity, flowability and solubility of compounds. See, e.g.
  • the compounds of formula I can contain one or several chiral centers and can then be present in a racemic or in an optically active form.
  • the racemates can be separated according to known methods into the enantiomers. For instance, diastereomeric salts which can be separated by crystallization are formed from the racemic mixtures by reaction with an optically active acid such as e.g. D- or L- camphorsulfonic acid.
  • separation of the enantiomers can also be achieved by using chromatography on chiral HPLC-phases (HPLC: High
  • the compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts possess valuable pharmacological properties. It has been found that said compounds show activity as inhibitors of the Aurora kinase family and also show anti-proliferative activity. Consequently the compounds of the present invention are useful in the therapy and/or prevention of illnesses with known over-expression of kinases of the Aurora family, preferably Aurora A, especially in the therapy and / or prevention of illnesses mentioned above.
  • the activity of the present compounds as inhibitors of the Aurora kinase family is demonstrated by the following biological assay:
  • Aurora A is a serine threonine kinase involved in spindle assembly and chromosome segregation.
  • the assay is a typically ELISA-type assay where substrate (GST-Histone H3) is coupled to the assay-plate and is phosphorylated by the kinase. Phosphorylation is detected by a mouse anti-Phosphopeptid mAb and an HRP-labeled anti-mouse pAb. The assay is validated for IC 50 -determination.
  • ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • the reaction buffer was 1OX Kinase Buffer (Cell Signaling cat # 9802) supplemented with 1 ⁇ g/mL I-block. Reactions were stopped after 40 minutes by addition of 25 mM EDTA. After washing, substrate phosphorylation was detected by addition of anti-phospho-Histone H3 (Ser 10) 6G3 mAb (Cell Signaling cat #9706) and sheep anti-mouse pAb-HRP (Amersham cat# NA931V), followed by colorimetric development with TMB (3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine from Kirkegaard & Perry Laboratories). After readout of the adsorbance, IC50 values were calculated using a non-linear curve fit (XLfit software (ID Business Solution Ltd., Guilford, Surrey, UK)). The results are shown in Table 1. -
  • the CellTiter-GloTM Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega) is a homogeneous method of determining the number of viable cells in culture based on quantitation of the ATP present, which signals the presence of metabolically active cells.
  • the cells were seeded in 384 well plates, 1000 cells per well, in the same medium. The next day the test compounds were added in various concentrations ranging from 30 ⁇ M to 0.0015 ⁇ M (10 concentrations, 1:3 diluted).
  • the CellTiter-GloTM assay was done according to the instructions of the manufacturer (CellTiter-GloTM Luminescent Cell Viability Assay, from Promega). In brief: the cell-plate was equilibrated to room temperature for approximately 30 minutes and than the CellTiter-GloTM reagent was added. The contents were carefully mixed for 15 minutes to induce cell lysis. After 45 minutes the luminescent signal was measured in Victor 2, (scanning multiwell spectrophotometer, Wallac). Details:
  • - Medium RPMI 1640 with GlutaMAXTM I (Invitrogcn, Cat-Nr. 61870), 5 % FCS (Sigma Cat-No. F4135), Pen/Strep (Invitrogen, Cat No. 15140).
  • - HCTl 16 ATCC-No. CCl-247: 1000 cells in 60 ⁇ l per well of 384 well plate (Greiner 781098, ⁇ Clear-plate white)
  • the compounds according to this invention and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be used as medicaments, e.g. in the form of pharmaceutical compositions.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions can be administered orally, e.g. in the form of tablets, coated tablets, dragees, hard and soft gelatine capsules, solutions, emulsions or suspensions.
  • the administration can, however, also be effected rectally, e.g. in the form of suppositories, or parenterally, e.g. in the form of injection solutions.
  • compositions can be obtained by processing the compounds according to this invention with pharmaceutically inert, inorganic or organic carriers.
  • Lactose, corn starch or derivatives thereof, talc, stearic acids or it's salts and the like can be used, for example, as such carriers for tablets, coated tablets, dragees and hard gelatine capsules.
  • Suitable carriers for soft gelatine capsules are, for example, vegetable oils, waxes, fats, semi-solid and liquid polyols and the like. Depending on the nature of the active substance no carriers are, however, usually required in the case of soft gelatine capsules.
  • Suitable carriers for the production of solutions and syrups are, for example, water, polyols, glycerol, vegetable oil and the like.
  • Suitable carriers for suppositories are, for example, natural or hardened oils, waxes, fats, semi-liquid or liquid polyols and the like.
  • compositions can, moreover, contain preservatives, solubilizers, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, sweeteners, colorants, -
  • flavorants for varying the osmotic pressure, buffers, masking agents or antioxidants. They can also contain still other therapeutically valuable substances.
  • compositions comprise e.g. the following:

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne les composés répondant à la formule (I), leurs sels pharmaceutiquement acceptables, les formes énantiomères, les diastéréoisomères et les racémates, la préparation des composés précités, les médicaments les contenant et leur fabrication, aussi bien que l'utilisation des composés précités dans le contrôle ou la prévention de maladies telles que le cancer.
EP07723447A 2006-03-23 2007-03-21 Dérivés d'indazole substitués, leur fabrication et leur utilisation comme agents pharmaceutiques Withdrawn EP2001882A1 (fr)

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CN101400681A (zh) 2009-04-01
AU2007228940A1 (en) 2007-09-27
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WO2007107346A1 (fr) 2007-09-27
US20090291968A1 (en) 2009-11-26

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