EP1996888A1 - Échangeur thermique pour véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Échangeur thermique pour véhicule automobile

Info

Publication number
EP1996888A1
EP1996888A1 EP07723149A EP07723149A EP1996888A1 EP 1996888 A1 EP1996888 A1 EP 1996888A1 EP 07723149 A EP07723149 A EP 07723149A EP 07723149 A EP07723149 A EP 07723149A EP 1996888 A1 EP1996888 A1 EP 1996888A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow path
flow
heat exchanger
exchanger according
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07723149A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1996888B1 (fr
Inventor
Christian Domes
Peter Geskes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1996888A1 publication Critical patent/EP1996888A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1996888B1 publication Critical patent/EP1996888B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D7/1692—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/25—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/29—Constructional details of the coolers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation or materials
    • F02M26/32—Liquid-cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0066—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D7/0075—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids with particular circuits for the same heat exchange medium, e.g. with the same heat exchange medium flowing through sections having different heat exchange capacities or for heating or cooling the same heat exchange medium at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/04—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular polygonal, e.g. rectangular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/14—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by endowing the walls of conduits with zones of different degrees of conduction of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/044—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being pontual, e.g. dimples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/50—Arrangements or methods for preventing or reducing deposits, corrosion or wear caused by impurities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/04—Assemblies of fins having different features, e.g. with different fin densities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/06—Derivation channels, e.g. bypass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the fluid is the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle.
  • a particularly large temperature difference of typically several 100 0 C is achieved in the fluid cooling, so that the adaptation of the flow resistance of the two downstream flow paths in the course of cooling of the exhaust gas is particularly effective.
  • the first flow path has a smaller flow resistance than the second flow path.
  • the region of the first flow path on average there is a higher temperature difference to the coolant than in the region of the second flow path.
  • a high cooling capacity is already given due to the temperature difference. Due to the temperature of at least gaseous fluids, high pressure losses are present anyway in this region, so that the flow resistance, in particular the generation of turbulence to improve the heat transfer, can be kept relatively small in the first flow path.
  • the fluid is already partially cooled, so that in the second flow path to obtain a sufficient heat transfer advantageously a greater flow resistance, in particular a larger proportion of turbulent flows, is present.
  • turbulence-generating means are provided in at least one of the two flow paths, whereby the heat exchanger performance is improved.
  • the turbulence-generating means are formed as protruding into the flow path formations of walls of the flow path. These may be dimples or so-called "winglets.”
  • the turbulence-generating means may also be deposits defined in the flow path.
  • ribs for enlarging a contact surface with the fluid may be arranged in the flow paths, the ribs having a different density in the first flow path and in the second flow path. Even in a case where, for example, are longitudinal ribs such as corrugated fins, in which predominantly laminar and less turbulent flows are formed, a different density of the ribs leads to different flow resistances.
  • the flow resistances of the flow paths can therefore be influenced in principle both by generating turbulences and by influencing laminar flow fractions.
  • the first flow path and the second flow path may each comprise a plurality of separate, parallel flow channels.
  • the number of channels of the first flow path is different, in particular smaller, than the number of channels of the second flow path.
  • the channels of the first flow path can each have a different, in particular larger, cross-sectional area than the channels of the second flow path.
  • the flow resistance of an outer channel with respect to the deflection region is greater than the flow resistance of an inner channel of the same flow path.
  • the first flow path preferably has a different, in particular larger, free cross-sectional area than the second flow path.
  • free cross-sectional area is meant the geometric cross-sectional area for free flow of the fluid.
  • the flow paths are arranged in a housing through which the coolant flows.
  • the coolant is advantageously a liquid, in particular cooling liquid of a main cooling circuit of the motor vehicle. As a result, an overall effective cooling of the fluid is ensured.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a connection region with a first connection for supplying the fluid to the first flow path and a second connection for discharging the fluid from the second flow path, thereby enabling a compact and cost-saving construction of the heat exchanger.
  • an adjusting element is provided in the connection region, by means of which a direct connection of the first connection and the second connection for bypassing the flow paths is selec- adjustable adjustable. This makes it possible to bypass the cooling of the fluid selectable, which is desired especially in internal combustion engines of motor vehicles under certain operating conditions such as the warm-up phase of the engine.
  • the flow paths and / or the flow channels are made of aluminum.
  • the flow paths and / or the flow channels are made of stainless steel.
  • the flow paths and / or the flow channels are made of aluminum and stainless steel.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a general U-flow heat exchanger.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross section through a first embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross section through a second embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • 4 shows a schematic cross section through a third exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a U-flow heat exchanger for cooling recirculated exhaust gas of a motor vehicle diesel engine, in which a first flow path 1 and a second flow path 2 are arranged parallel and next to each other within a housing 3.
  • the housing 3 is flowed through by means of two ports 4, 5 of a liquid coolant, which is branched off from a main cooling circuit of the diesel engine.
  • the flow paths 1, 2 each comprise a number of flow channels 6, 7, which are present are formed as flat tubes with rectangular cross-section.
  • the cross section can in principle also have another, approximately round, shape.
  • connection region 8 On a front side of the housing 3, a connection region 8 is arranged and connected by welding, which is shown separated from the housing 3 in Fig. 1 for reasons of clarity.
  • the connection region 8 has a first connection 9 for supplying exhaust gas of a diesel engine of the motor vehicle and a second connection 10 for discharging the cooled exhaust gas.
  • a control element 11 designed as a pivotable flap is provided, which is adjustable via a rotary shaft 12.
  • the exhaust gas In a first position of the actuating element 11, which is shown in Fig. 1, the exhaust gas is passed from the first port 9 in the first flow path 1, where it first undergoes a first cooling. After flowing through the first flow path 1, the exhaust gas enters a deflecting region 13 arranged at the end of the housing 3.
  • the deflection region 13 here is a substantially semi-cylindrical, hollow housing part, in which the exhaust gas flow is deflected by 180 °, after which it enters the second flow path 2.
  • the second flow path 2 flows through the exhaust gas in the opposite direction to the first flow path 1, wherein it undergoes a further cooling.
  • the exhaust gas re-enters the connection region 8, where, in the case of the first position of the control element 11 according to FIG. 1, it is guided into the second connection 10.
  • the exhaust gas in the first flow path 1 a significantly higher average temperature level than in the second flow path 2.
  • the flow resistances of the first flow path 1 and the second Flow path 2 designed differently:
  • each of the flow paths 1, 2 comprises a bundle of in each case nine flow channels 6, 7, each having a rectangular cross section.
  • the outer dimensions of the flow channels 6, 7 are each identical.
  • the flow channels 6 of the first flow path 1 and the flow channels 7 of the second flow path 2 turbulence generating means in the form of indentations 6a, 7a, which have a different size.
  • the impressions 6a of the first flow channels 6 protrude less deeply into the channel cross section into the indentations 7a of the second flow channels 7. In this way, the geometric free flow cross section of the second flow channels 7 becomes smaller compared to the geometric free cross section of the first flow channels 6.
  • turbulence-generating means 6a, 7a can be dimples and / or winglets. Alternatively or additionally, it may also be known structured deposits, which are inserted into the flow channels 6, 7 and welded.
  • the first flow path 1 is constructed as in the first embodiment.
  • the second flow path 2 not only has different turbulence-generating means 7a, but also has a smaller number of flow channels 7 than the first flow path 1, which have a different outer dimension relative to the flow channels 6 of the first flow path 1.
  • the second flow path comprises less flow channels 7 with a larger external dimension, is characterized by the deeper projecting
  • the flow resistance of the second flow path in the second exemplary embodiment is somewhat smaller than the flow resistance of the second flow path in FIG first embodiment.
  • each of the flow paths 1, 2 has in each case three parallel flat tubes 6, 7 as flow channels, which each have identical external dimensions.
  • the flow channels 6, 7 are provided with rib-like inserts 6b, 7b, whereby the contact area between the exhaust gas flow and heat-conducting metal is increased.
  • fewer fins are provided in the case of the flow channels 6 of the first flow path 1 than in the case of the flow channels 7 of the second flow path 2. Due to the larger fin density of the second flow path 2 with otherwise identical dimensions and numbers of the flow channels 6, 7, the second flow path 2 has a greater flow resistance than the first flow path 1.
  • the third embodiment illustrates that even with predominantly laminar flows by appropriate design of the flow channels 6, 7 different flow resistance can be generated.
  • the various approaches to achieve different flow resistances according to the described embodiments can be combined with each other as desired. It should be noted that in the case of exhaust gas heat exchangers not only the resulting flow resistance is an important criterion, but also other parameters such as the tendency for condensation of deposits, which preclude a constant effect of the heat exchanger over its lifetime. Such deposits are formed primarily in the cooler part of the exhaust stream. Therefore, it may also be advantageous in individual cases that the flow resistance of the second flow path is greater than the flow resistance of the first flow path, wherein the condensation of deposits is reduced by highly turbulent components.
  • the fluid to be cooled is in particular exhaust gas.
  • the fluid to be cooled charge air, oil, especially transmission oil, a water-containing cooling liquid, refrigerant of an air conditioner such as CO2.
  • the heat exchanger is at least one exhaust gas cooler.
  • the heat exchanger is at least one charge air cooler and / or an oil cooler and / or a coolant cooler and / or a condenser of an air conditioning system and / or an evaporator of an air conditioning system and / or a gas cooler of an air conditioning system.
  • the heat exchanger is a combination of at least one exhaust gas cooler and at least one other of the aforementioned heat exchangers.
  • the heat exchanger has a flow resistance of the flow path 1, which is between 0.1% and 300%, in particular between 1% and 100%, in particular between 5% and 80%, between 10% and 70%, between 20 % and 60%, between 30% and 50% is above the flow resistance of the flow path 2, preferably only 10% above the flow resistance of the flow path 2,
  • the flow resistance of the first flow path 1 is below the flow resistance of the flow path 2
  • Heat exchangers with a deflection region 13 are referred to as U-flow heat exchangers, since the fluid to be cooled flows in a first flow path up to a deflection section and flows back in a first flow path in the first flow path substantially in the opposite direction to the flow direction after deflection.
  • the heat exchanger is designed as an I-flow heat exchanger, ie inflow side and outflow side of the fluid to be cooled lie on different sides of the heat exchanger, which are generally opposite each other.
  • the heat exchanger is thus designed such that at least a portion of the cooling fluid through the at least one first flow path and / or at least a portion of the fluid to be cooled by the at least one second flow path flows.
  • the at least one first and the at least one second flow path are substantially parallel to each other.
  • the at least one first flow path has a different flow resistance than the at least one second flow path, wherein the flow resistance of the at least one first flow path is greater than or less than or equal to the flow resistance of the second flow path.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un échangeur thermique destiné à un véhicule automobile, comprenant une première trajectoire de passage de flux (1), une zone de déflexion (13) en aval de la première trajectoire de passage de flux (1), et une seconde trajectoire de passage de flux (2) en aval de la zone de déflexion (13). Selon l'invention, la première et la seconde trajectoire de passage de flux (1, 2) peut être parcourues par une liquide à refroidir, et peuvent être parcourues par un agent de refroidissement afin d'évacuer la chaleur, la seconde trajectoire de passage de flux (2) ayant une résistance à l'écoulement qui diffère de celle de la première trajectoire de passage de flux (1).
EP07723149.6A 2006-03-10 2007-03-09 Échangeur thermique pour véhicule automobile Active EP1996888B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006011592 2006-03-10
PCT/EP2007/002084 WO2007104491A1 (fr) 2006-03-10 2007-03-09 Échangeur thermique pour véhicule automobile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1996888A1 true EP1996888A1 (fr) 2008-12-03
EP1996888B1 EP1996888B1 (fr) 2019-07-24

Family

ID=38222113

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07723149.6A Active EP1996888B1 (fr) 2006-03-10 2007-03-09 Échangeur thermique pour véhicule automobile

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8573286B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1996888B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101400960B (fr)
DE (1) DE102007011953A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007104491A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090090495A1 (en) 2009-04-09
CN101400960B (zh) 2010-12-29
US8573286B2 (en) 2013-11-05
DE102007011953A1 (de) 2007-11-15
CN101400960A (zh) 2009-04-01
EP1996888B1 (fr) 2019-07-24
WO2007104491A1 (fr) 2007-09-20

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