EP1992753A2 - Explosion suppressing façade system - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has inner frame profiles (13) that are connected with pole and bar of a support structure (8) using a tongue-groove-connection. Contact surfaces at grooves (16) and tongues stay in contact with each other, and contact surfaces at clamping screws (54) stay in contact with each other. The clamping screws are screwed into walls (25) of the grooves. Frames, grooves and tongues extend over the entire length of the pole and the bar.

Description

introduction

The invention relates to a blast-resistant facade system for closing an opening in a building, with an anchored from posts and aligned perpendicular to these bars and anchoring to the opening parts of the building anchored support structure and an associated with this and on a building exterior of the support structure front facade consisting of frame elements and enclosed therefrom filling elements, wherein the frame members, in particular their inner frame profiles are connected by a tongue and groove connection with the posts and / or bars of the support structure, wherein the longitudinal directions of grooves and tongues of the tongue and groove joint parallel to the Longitudinal directions of the posts and / or bars of the support structure and the frame members, in particular the inner frame profiles, run and grooves and preferably springs over the entire length of the posts and / or bars and the associated frame members, in particular the inner frame profiles extend.

Explosion-resistant facade systems of the type described above are known for example from DE 37 44 816 A1 In the event of an explosion taking place outside the building, they must first withstand the compressive forces acting on the façade and, subsequently, the suction forces which arise on the building due to reflection of the pressure wave, but which are smaller in magnitude than the pressure forces. The facade must therefore have both a high compressive strength perpendicular to the plane of the fillings, as well as a tensile strength such that, under suction, the filling elements or the facade as a whole is not torn off the supporting structure. In particular, in the case of high demands on the blast resistance facade systems are designed so that the compressive forces receiving and this in the associated building parts preliminary support structure of the actual facade, ie the flat filling elements and the surrounding frame elements, is separated. This makes it possible in a comparatively simple manner that the support structure is dimensioned sufficiently rigid with the aid of steel profiles as a lattice-like structure, and by means of the posts or bars and large clear opening widths can be safely and sufficiently stably bridged. The load capacity requirements are typically parallel to the posts or bars running frame elements of the actual facade can then be lower, so that here the difference to facades that have to fulfill any blast-resistant tasks does not have to be too big.

As disadvantageous occurs in the from DE 37 44 816 A1 known facade in appearance that moisture that penetrates into the gap area between adjacent facade elements is passed through the slots through the connecting screw between the inner frame profile and the spring can penetrate into this inner frame profile. Due to the rear opening of the inner frame profile to the damping elements and the support structure, moisture can also get into these areas. This often leads to corrosion problems, since in particular the support structure, the damping elements and also the inner circumferential surfaces of the inner frame profile are not designed sufficiently protected against corrosion. In addition, a disadvantage of the known facade construction is the fact that the serving as a clamping profile outer frame profile must be made comparatively wide, since the inner frame profile has a fairly large width in the gap region between adjacent filling elements.

From the DE 90 11 805 U1 is a facade construction of a support structure and a previously set profile construction for facade elements known in which the connection of the profile construction with the support structure by means of two in each case a groove of the profile construction used connecting plates, which are attached to a T-shaped connecting flange of the support structure. However, the tabs and the connecting flange do not extend over the entire length of the posts or bars.

According to the US 4,291,511 A1 a wall construction is known, which is composed of load-bearing concrete columns and an attached frame construction for receiving a filling, wherein an inner frame profile of the frame construction is connected by Fußstahlwinkeln with the concrete structure. To increase the fire resistance of the wall structure additional elements are arranged between the frame construction and the concrete columns, which are to serve as fire-retardant elements. Analogous to the aforementioned DE 90 11 805 U1 it is the connection of the frame construction according to US 4,291,511 A1 also a punctual connection.

task

The invention has for its object to provide a blast-resistant facade system for closing a building opening, are avoided in the corrosion problems in the region of the tongue and groove joint between the inner frame profiles and the support structure. At the same time the width of serving as clamping profiles outer frame profiles should be kept as small as possible from an aesthetic point of view.

solution

Starting from a blast-resistant facade system of the type described above, this object is achieved in that the tongue and groove connection is located entirely within a range which is to the outside of the facade system from a plane defined by the inner surfaces of the facade elements, and to the inside of the facade system is limited by a continuous front side of the support structure forming a support surface.

In the facade system according to the invention, the tongue and groove connection in comparison with that of the DE 37 44 816 A1 known facade system set back towards the building interior. On the one hand, this makes it possible to provide an effective seal of the gap area between adjacent filling elements and the tongue and groove connection area arranged behind them. This connection region is in fact behind the sealing plane according to the invention, in which the inner frame profiles are sealed against the inside of the filling elements. Up to this inner seal, therefore, the inner frame profiles in the gap area are as closed as possible, but at least perform moisture-proof. The tongue and groove connection, which can not be carried out due to the typically used slot-bolt connections just water or moisture-tight, is located according to the invention behind the sealing plane, ie in areas in which moisture from the outside no longer can penetrate. Corrosion problems therefore no longer occur in the façade construction according to the invention by water penetrating from the outside.

By shifting back the tongue and groove construction behind a hermetic sealing plane between adjacent filling elements, the gap area between these filling elements can be narrower. In the construction of the invention must namely, only the connecting elements between the outer and the inner frame profiles penetrate this gap area. It therefore eliminates the need for the prior art design large width requirement, which was required there by existing in the gap region tongue and groove connection. In particular, from an architectural point of view, therefore, the facade according to the invention is very advantageous because the width of serving as clamping profiles outer frame profiles and the outside covering the cover shells can be reduced, resulting in a more filigree appearance of the facade.

Furthermore, the location of the tongue and groove connection is advantageous because it ensures good accessibility, which favors the assembly and maintenance of the facade system.

It is particularly advantageous if the facade is slidably mounted under the action of a blast caused by a blast in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the filling elements relative to the support structure, wherein as a result of a displacement of the facade, the energy of the pressure wave at damping points within of the cross-section of the opening in the building are at least partially degradable.

The facade system according to the invention is thus based on the principle that the support structure acts as a correspondingly stable, rigid and preferably firmly connected to the building parts device, whereas the flat facade is movable in total relative to the support structure to use by this movement at the damping points In accordance with as many energy-consuming elements as possible to reduce the energy inherent in the pressure wave. In doing so, a movement and deformation of the facade is deliberately accepted or even desired in order to maximize the energy reduction in this way. According to the invention, therefore, the energy reduction does not take place, or at least not exclusively via energy absorbing damping elements between the support structure and the associated building parts. Rather, the relative displacement between the latter and the supporting structure should take place as selectively as possible over the entire surface of the façade, and therefore an attenuation-related reduction in energy should also be possible over the entire surface of the facade. In contrast to comparatively few connection points between the support structure and the associated building parts, the large-scale relative displacement between the facade and support structure allows the arrangement of a variety of energy dissipation effecting damping elements between the facade and the support structure and indeed within the opening cross-section of the opening to be closed. Basically, the entire surface of the support structure for the arrangement of damping elements is available, which may thus or in particular or exclusively also be located within the opening cross-section. This is made possible by the fact that the support structure is designed to be stable and therefore energy-dissipating elements between facade and support structure can be arranged distributed to all posts or bars and in their crossing areas. Of course, it is also within the scope of the invention that the support structure (together with the facade) is additionally arranged relatively displaceable to the building parts, to arrange here further damping elements. In general, however, due to the simplification of the embodiment, the (one-piece or multi-part) support structure will be rigidly connected to the building.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided to form the springs or the grooves bounding the walls integrally with the posts and / or bars of the support structure. In this way, a higher strength of the tongue and groove connection can be achieved and the production costs, especially when designed as aluminum extruded profile, are kept low.

To maximize the number of sliding and / or damping elements between the facade and the support structure, i. To obtain as many damping points, the frame elements should be arranged parallel to and / or overlapping with the posts and / or bars of the support structure. In the facade system according to the invention, the facade can be designed per se as a conventional mullion-transom façade, so that then run the posts of the facade in front of the posts of the support structure and the bars of the facade in front of the bars of the support structure.

Typically, posts and bars of known facade systems are each composed of an outer frame profile and an inner frame profile, which are preferably interconnected via fasteners such as screws. In principle, however, it is also possible to use as the façade in the system according to the invention a window facade, which is preset to the support structure made of steel profiles. Also, in the usual way, the frame members of the window facade will be composed of an inner and an outer frame profile, wherein as a connection profile then typically Dämmstege be used for thermal decoupling of the inner and outer aluminum profiles.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the pressure energy consuming connecting elements between the facade and the support structure is that the facade, in particular their frame members are connected by means of bolt-slot connections with the posts and / or bars of the support structure, wherein a longitudinal axis of the slots perpendicular extends to the level of the filling elements. The slots cause on the one hand, that even with the backward displacement of the facade due to the suction load occurring in the reflection of the pressure wave, the facade can not be separated from the support structure by the wall at the outer end of the slot. At the same time, the oblong holes allow a guided relative displacement between the facade and the supporting structure and, given a corresponding firm tightening of the screw connections via the high friction, a considerable reduction of energy in the course of the displacement. It is basically possible to arrange the slots both on the frame members of the facade and on protruding components of the posts or bars of the support structure.

Moreover, it is advantageous if the inner frame profile has a rear surface which extends on both sides next to the opening cross-section of the groove or is formed by a groove base and on the respective power transmission from the upstream facade on the support structure in the case of a caused by a blast Pressure wave takes place. In particular, in the formation of the connections between the frame members and the posts and / or bars of the support structure by means of bolt slot connections is important to ensure that the slot of the movement of the facade elements provides more scope than the distance of the rear surface of the inner frame profile of the support structure in Normal state, that is in the unloaded state. This is the only way to ensure that the bolts are not sheared off by the displacement of the facade in the event of an explosive pressure wave before the rear surface is supported on the supporting structure.

A development of the invention is that the frame elements, in particular the inner frame profiles, the facade are connected by a tongue and groove connection with the posts and / or the bars of the support structure, wherein the longitudinal directions of grooves and tongues of tongue and groove Connection parallel to the longitudinal directions of the posts and / or bars of the support structure and the frame members, in particular the inner frame profiles, extend and the grooves and springs preferably over the entire length of the posts and / or bars and the associated frame members, in particular the inner frame profiles extend. The tongue and groove connection allows a visually appealing, namely hidden, arrangement of the bolt-slot connections and at the same time the accommodation of a very large number of such displacement permitting connections, ie a large number of damping points.

A preferred embodiment from a manufacturing point of view is in this context that in the frame members, in particular in the inner frame profiles, a groove is present into which engages a connected to a post and / or latch spring, which is formed by a welded flat steel.

While the elongated holes, which run with their longitudinal axis perpendicular to the plane of the fillings, are necessary for enabling the displacement occurring in the case of an explosion, it is meaningful from the point of view of a simplified assembly, also perpendicular thereto, i.e., in a vertical direction. aligned in the direction of the posts or profiles, to provide slots. In this way, it is possible to make during the installation of the facade in front of the support structure displacements in the direction of the second group of slots to compensate for any tolerances and to bring the facade in an exact installation position.

The invention further ausgestaltetend is provided that the support structure is a welded construction of steel hollow sections (preferably rectangular cross-section) with continuous posts and inserted in spaces between the posts bars, wherein the welded construction after preparation surface against corrosion, preferably galvanized, and the frame members of the facade are aluminum extruded profiles. In this way, on the one hand a high stability of the overall construction and on the other hand a good weather resistance and therefore long life of the entire system is achieved.

1. a) Errichten einer aus Pfosten und Riegel bestehenden Stützkonstruktion in einer Werkstatt in Entfernung von dem Einbauort
2. b) Verbinden der Stützkonstruktion mit die Öffnung begrenzenden Gebäudeteilen
3. c) Anbringen einer aus Rahmenelementen und davon umschlossenen Füllungselemente Fassade an der Stützkonstruktion

wobei vor dem Anbringen der Fassade fest mit der Stützkonstruktion, insbesondere mit einem diese außenseitig abschließenden Rahmen, verbundene Anker in die Öffnung begrenzenden Gebäudeteile bei deren Herstellung einbetoniert werden, wodurch die Stützkonstruktion mit den Gebäudeteilen verbunden wird.A particularly intimate and resilient connection between the support structure and the building can be achieved by concreting the support structure with anchors projecting outwards or possibly angled retaining tabs into the building parts delimiting the opening. This can be done by performing the following steps:

1. a) Erecting of a post and bolt support structure in a workshop at a distance from the installation
2. b) connecting the support structure with the opening bounding building parts
3. c) Attachment of a frame elements and enclosed by filling elements facade on the support structure

wherein prior to attaching the facade firmly with the support structure, in particular with this outer side closing frame, anchors anchored in the opening limiting building parts in their manufacture, whereby the support structure is connected to the building parts.

In particular, therefore, the support structure in a workshop welding technology made of posts and bars, then surface treated against corrosion, galvanized in particular in a dip, and are transported to such a completed production process on the site, where they in the production of surrounding the building with above anchors is embedded in concrete. Although the machining of the supporting structure (long hole production, etc.) is completed before the surface treatment, the mounting is limited to the attachment of the facade by means of screws using the slots, so that no further post-machining is required and the surface protection in the entire Support structure remains intact.

A particularly aesthetically preferred embodiment of the invention is that the support structure is bounded by a frame of L-profiles, each flush with one leg flush with a soffit surface and each with the other leg flush with a viewing surface of the building part.

Furthermore, according to the invention it is provided that between the facade, in particular the frame members, in particular their inner frame profiles, and the posts or bars of the support structure plastically and / or elastically deformable damping elements, preferably in strip form, are arranged. The energy reduction due to the displacement of the facade relative to the support structure can be further increased in this way, since especially in strip-shaped damping elements long lengths can be accommodated on the outer surfaces of the grid-shaped support structure.

According to a further embodiment of the invention is further provided that mutually corresponding contact surfaces on the grooves on the one hand and the springs on the other hand or on connecting elements which are connected to walls of the grooves or the springs, on the one hand and corresponding contact surfaces on the grooves or the springs on the other , are in clamping contact with each other and that occurs at a sprengwirkungsbedingten relative displacement between the contact surfaces caused by friction and / or plastic deformation energy degradation.

Thus, the connection between the upstream facade and the rear support structure may be located solely in the nut- and spring-shaped contact area between the aforementioned two modules. It is also possible that on the frame members of the facade, the groove and the posts or bars of the support structure, the associated spring is formed, and that - in the reverse manner - the facade side a spring on the frame elements is arranged (or the frame elements themselves act as a spring), whereas the posts or bars have a groove which is formed for example by an associated U-profile or two rectangular cross-sectional webs which define the groove between them. In both cases, the tongue and groove connection, seen in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the facade elements, creates areas of overlap between the facade and the posts or bars of the support structure. These overlapping areas allow connecting elements between the two assemblies to be used in a direction parallel to the filling elements and not connecting elements, in particular screws or bolts, in directions perpendicular to the facade elements. In particular, the connecting elements can be guided by prefabricated apertures in the spring and the walls of the groove, wherein the latter breakthroughs, especially on the side of the support structure should be incorporated before the surface corrosion treatment. When mounting the facade system according to the invention on the construction site in this case only a plugging of bolts through the mutually corresponding openings, ie in particular holes in the spring on the one hand and the associated groove walls on the other hand required, in this case damage to the surface corrosion protection does not occur , In addition, the above tongue and groove connection can be arranged completely concealed on the back of the facade frame elements, so that this connection is not visible from the inside and from the outside in normal view of the facade system.

Furthermore, the clamping contact between the mutually corresponding contact surfaces on the grooves and springs causes a displacement of the facade in directions perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the groove, but also in the longitudinal direction of the groove itself (ie as a result in all directions within the plane of the facade elements) Effectively prevented and thus a very good fixation of the facade is achieved. This is achieved in particular even if the surface normals of the contact surfaces are aligned parallel to the planes of the filling elements.

Finally, it is also within the scope of the invention that the support structure (together with the facade) is additionally arranged relatively displaceable to the building parts, to arrange here further damping elements.

embodiments

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to several embodiments of a facade system, which are illustrated in the drawings.

Fig. 1:

eine Ansicht einer Fassade im Einbauzustand

Fig. 2:

eine Ansicht der Stützkonstruktion nach Figur 1 vor Montage der Fassade

Fig. 3:

einen Horizontalschnitt durch das Fassadensystem mit einer Bolzen-Langloch-Verbindung im Bereich eines Pfostens

Fig. 3a:

wie Fig. 3, jedoch im Bereich einer fixierenden Bolzen-Langloch-Verbindung

Fig. 4:

wie Figur 3, jedoch im Bereich eines vertikalen Rahmenelements an der Laibung der Gebäudeöffnung

Fig. 5:

einen Vertikalschnitt durch das Fassadensystem im Bereich eines Riegels

Fig. 6:

einen Horizontalschnitt wie in Figur 3, jedoch mit einem als Dehnsprosse ausgebildeten inneren Rahmenprofil der Fassade

Fig. 7:

wie Figur 6, jedoch mit einer alternativen Ausführungsform des inneren Rahmenprofils

Fig. 8:

wie Figur 3, jedoch mit einer nochmals alternativen Ausführungsform des inneren Rahmenprofils und

Fig. 9:

wie Figur 3, jedoch mit einer Nutausbildung an der Stützkonstruktion.

It shows:

Fig. 1:

a view of a facade in the installed state

Fig. 2:

a view of the support structure after FIG. 1 before installation of the facade

3:

a horizontal section through the facade system with a bolt-slot connection in the range of a post

Fig. 3a:

as Fig. 3 , but in the area of a fixing bolt-slot connection

4:

as FIG. 3 , but in the area of a vertical frame element on the soffit of the building opening

Fig. 5:

a vertical section through the facade system in the region of a bolt

Fig. 6:

a horizontal section as in FIG. 3 , but with an inner frame profile of the façade designed as an expansion rung

Fig. 7:

as FIG. 6 but with an alternative embodiment of the inner frame profile

Fig. 8:

as FIG. 3 , but with yet another alternative embodiment of the inner frame profile and

Fig. 9:

as FIG. 3 , but with a groove formation on the support structure.

FIG. 1 shows in a view of an inventive facade system 1, of which in the view shown from the outside of a building, not shown, only the one not visible in this view support structure upstream actual facade 2 can be seen. The facade 2 consists of vertical facade post 3 and horizontally extending facade bars 4, the structure of each of the FIGS. 3 to 8 can be seen in detail. In the latter figures it can be seen that the facade post 3 and façade latch 4, which surround as rectangular elements of the facade each rectangular filling elements 5, each of an inner frame profile and a in FIG. 1 visible outer frame profile are composed. The outer frame profiles are each covered by vertically extending cover shells 6 or horizontally extending cover shells 7.

FIG. 2 shows the - viewed from the outside of the building equipped with the facade system 1 - behind the facade 2 arranged support structure 8, which is composed of vertically aligned posts 9 and horizontally extending bars 10, wherein the posts 9 and the bolt 10 each in cross-section rectangular steel profiles consist, which are welded together at joints. Typically, the vertical posts 9 are continuous, whereas the horizontal bars 10 consist of only relatively short sections which fill the spaces between adjacent posts 9. Depending on the size and geometry of the means of the facade system 1 to be closed opening, however, a reverse arrangement is conceivable in which the horizontal extending latch 10 are continuous and located between adjacent bars 10 post 9 are fitted as sections in the interstices.

Out FIG. 2 it is further deducible that one of the in FIG. 2 not shown facade 2 facing front 11 of the post 9 is provided with a projecting towards the facade 2 spring 12 in the form of a welded flat steel, which extends substantially over the entire length of the respective post 9. The geometry and the mode of operation of the springs 12 will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures:

FIG. 3 shows a horizontal section through a short portion of the facade system 1. A rectangular in cross-section post 9 of the support structure 8 is welded to a slightly reduced in depth depth bolt 10 of the support structure 8. Likewise, with the post 9, namely at its front side 11, screwed is designed as a flat steel spring 12. This emerges perpendicularly from the plane formed by the front side 11.

The support structure 8 upstream facade 2 consists of an inner frame section 13 which forms a facade post 3 together with an outer frame section 14. The inner frame profile 13 has, starting from a rear side 15, a groove 16 into which the spring 12 engages the post 9 of the support structure 8. Starting from a front side 17 of the inner frame profile 13, a connecting web 18 is integrally formed, into which a threaded hole acting as a connecting element 19 screw, which is guided by a strip 20 of insulating material, is screwed. A column area SB between the end faces of adjacent filling elements 5 is in an aesthetically advantageous manner very narrow, because the coupling of the facade 2 to the support structure 8 further inside, ie behind the plane, which is formed by the inner surfaces I of the filling elements. The connecting element 19 braces the outer frame section 14 with the inner frame profile 13 and ensures a jamming of the prepared from multi-pane laminated glass and blast resistant restraint filling element 5, which - as usual in mullion-transom facades - from the outside against the front 17 of the inner frame profile 13 is mounted and thereby comes to rubber seals 21 of the inner frame profile 13 to the plant. In this case, a front side of the inner frame profile 13 forms a contact area AP for the edge strips of the filling elements 5, wherein the rubber seals 21 prevent the penetration of moisture from the outside into the region B of the tongue and groove connection. From optical Reasons is still clipped on the outer frame section 14, the vertical cover shell 6. The horizontally extending cover shell 7 is also in FIG. 3 to recognize.

In the region of the tongue and groove joint, which is formed by the engagement of the spring 12 of the post 9 in the groove 16 in the inner frame section 13, there is a bolt-slot connection 22: A extending with its longitudinal axis in the horizontal direction Long hole 23 is penetrated by a screw 24 which is secured to the opposite side of the screw head with a nut. The screw 24 penetrates on both sides cheeks 25 of the groove 16 also in oblong holes, but with their longitudinal axis not in horizontal, but in the vertical direction and therefore in Fig. 3 not to be recognized as oblong holes. While the elongated holes 23 serve with a horizontal longitudinal axis that the facade 2 is displaceable relative to the support structure 8, the slots extending perpendicular thereto 26 in the groove cheeks 25 serve to optimally adjust the facade during assembly in the vertical direction before the Bolts 24 are tightened. Around the bolt portions of the screws 24 around is located for support purposes a sleeve 27 adapted in its length.

In a caused by an explosion-induced force (pressure direction 28) Relativverschiebung between the facade 2, especially between the inner frame profile 13 and the post 9 of the support structure 8, energy is also destroyed by the fact that between the back 15 of the inner frame profile 13 and the Front 11 of the post 9 is an acting as a damping element intermediate layer 29 with elastoplastic properties, which is compressed in the relative displacement. The intermediate layer has the shape of two strips arranged on both sides of the spring 12 and is therefore characterized by a high energy absorption capacity. In the case of a relative displacement between the inner frame profile 13 and the post 9, the force transmission of the remaining force from the facade 2 on the support structure 8 via a rear surface RF of the inner frame profile, which extends on both sides adjacent to the opening cross-section of the groove 16. In order to ensure that the screws do not shear 24 in the event of an explosion-induced displacement of the facade 2, the slots 23 have a sufficient length so that the screws 24 even at maximum compression of the liner 29 does not hit the front wall of the slots 23. For aesthetic reasons located on both longitudinal sides 30 of the inner frame profile 13 grooves 31, in which the screws 24 and the nuts 24 'are, closed by means of covers 32, which are inserted by means of spring elements 34 in grooves in the inner frame profiles to be kept in their position.

Fig. 3a indicates in an analogous manner Fig. 3 a horizontal section, but at a staggered in vertical direction point at which the spring 12 has no slot, but is solid. At the assigned location, the inner frame profile 13 has threaded holes introduced in both cheeks 25, into which clamping screws 54 are screwed as connecting elements in the present case. The clamping screws 54 as connecting elements are designed as set screws with hexagon socket and have a conical tip portion 55 which digs in the illustrated tightened state of the clamping screws 54 partially in the side surfaces of the spring 12 and thus causes a certain (micro) positive locking. There are thus contact surfaces K of the springs 12, namely their outer surfaces AT, with contact surfaces K of the walls 25 of the groove 16, namely the inner surfaces IW, with each other in clamping contact in both vertical and horizontal directions (perpendicular and parallel to the filling plane ) causes a fixation. In this way, the facade 2 is fixed relative to the support structure 8, wherein this fixation is sufficiently distributed by providing a correspondingly large number of clamping screws 54 over the length of the springs 12 to intercept the normal static loads, but also occurring wind loads. In the case of a blast-induced pressure wave, however, the microforming, which is formed by the clamping screws 54, repealed, since the tips are sheared and / or deformed in this case or in the springs 12 at a then taking place relative displacement between the inner frame profile 13 and scrape 12 grooves. The then along the spring 12 sliding clamping screws 54 cause by the plastic deformation of their own or the spring 12 an additional energy dissipation.

As an alternative to the clamping screws shown, a clamping action between the cheeks 25 of the groove 16 and the spring 12 can be achieved in that in the region of in Fig. 3 shown bolt-slot connection, the sleeve 27 is omitted. The screw 24 can then be tightened to the extent that the two cheeks 25 of the groove 16 to move toward each other and finally reach the side surfaces of the spring 12 in the area next to the slot 23 to the plant. In this way, one caused by frictional forces Fixation of the facade 2 relative to the support structure 8 achieved. These frictional fixation can be canceled if a certain pressure on the facade 2 is exceeded, so that then a relative displacement of the facade 2 and support structure 8 can take place to each other, wherein the frictional forces additional energy consumption is achieved in the relative displacement.

Fig. 4 shows the connection of the facade system 1 to a building part 35, on which both a reveal 36 of the opening 37, as well as a viewing surface 38 is formed. On a horizontally extending bar 10, a frame member 39 is connected in the vertical direction in the form of an L-shaped angle profile. In the same way are welded to the front ends of the post 9 horizontally extending frame members, so that two opposite vertical frame members 39 and two equally opposite horizontal frame members together form a welded frame. The entire support structure 8 together with the frame formed of the horizontal and vertical frame members is cast in concrete during casting of the existing concrete building part 35 using welded to the frame members 39 anchors 40. In this way, the entire support structure 8 receives a very intimate connection with the rest of the building, wherein at an angle to each other extending outer surfaces 41 and 42 of the frame member 39 are each flush with the soffit 36 and the view page 38 of the building part 35. The inner frame profile 13, the outer frame profile 14 and the filling element 5 in between FIG. 4 , are identical to the design in the central region of the opening 37 as shown in FIG Fig. 3 , At the edge of the filling post 3 according to Fig. 4 is instead of a filling element 5 made of glass, a compensation element 42 that allows a uniform tightening of the designated as a clamping profile outer frame profile 14 without inclination.

In addition, located laterally next to the facade post a film-like sealing sheet 43 which extends from the viewing surface of the building part 35 to the compensation element 42. Moreover, the construction of the connection between the facade 2 and the support structure 8, which is directly connected here with the building part 35, agrees with those in FIG Fig. 3 shown ratios.

While the bolt-slot connections 22 in the region of the vertical posts 9 over the length of the posts 9 are distributed throughout the cross section of the opening 37, are in Area of extending in horizontal direction bar no bolt-slot connections, but also no tongue and groove connection available. In the case of very large distances between the posts, however, a tongue and groove connection as well as a plurality of bolt-slot connections can also be provided in the area of the bolts. Even with increased requirements for bullet resistance, this may be necessary or useful. The inner frame profile 13 'in the region of the horizontal facade bar 4 is so far deviating from the inner frame profile 13 of the vertical facade post, as erstgenanntes on its back has no groove, but on a in its width adapted damping element 29' on the front side 17 of the bolt 10, supports. The inner frame profile 13 'of the facade latch 4 is connected via not shown, but generally known from the prior art internal corner connector with the perpendicular thereto extending inner frame section 13 of the facade post. In Fig. 5 screws 44 are shown, with which the inside of the running as a hollow profiles inner frame sections 13 are bolted to the non-visible corner connectors. Since the free length of the curtain wall 4 is relatively short, it is sufficient to ensure a damping effect alone in the field of vertical facade post.

The cut according to Fig. 6 differs from the according to Fig. 3 in that the inner frame profile 13 "is constructed in two parts in order to be able to compensate for expansions in one direction parallel to the plane of the filling elements 5. The left profile 45 designed as a hollow profile engages with a spring 46 in a groove of a right-hand side Profile 47. A screwing of the inner frame profile 13 "with the outer frame profile 14 takes place only in the region of the left profile 45, where a web with a threaded hole for a connecting screw is present. The groove 16 in the inner frame profile 13 "is formed in this case between the mutually facing sides of the left profile 45 and the right profile 47. The screw connection in the region of the slot 23 in the spring 12 ensures a reliable cohesion of the two profiles 45 and 47 of the inner frame profile 13 ". Around the spring 46 of the profile 45 around is an elastic sealing and clamping material 48, which has the shape of a U in cross section. The contact area AP for the edge strips of the filling elements 5 extends in this case over the two profiles 45 and 47th

Also the again alternative inner frame profile 13 '''according to Fig. 7 is designed as an expansion rung and therefore composed of several parts. While the left and right Profile 49 are mirror images with respect to a vertical center plane 50 of the post 9 and the spring 12 are formed, located in mutually facing grooves of the profiles 49 in cross-section T-shaped connection profile 51, which in turn is surrounded by clamping material 48 within the groove. The connection profile 51 has a threaded bore for a screw for tightening the outer frame profile 14 acting as a clamping profile. Another difference to the presentation according to the Fig. 3 and 6 is that the grooves 31 are not covered in the profiles 49, which is why the bolt-slot connections are made using bolts that are screwed on both sides with cap nuts 52.

Furthermore, in Fig. 8 a variant of a turn one-piece constructed, but again alternative inner frame profile 13 "" shown. The bolt-slot connection according to this embodiment is again made using two opposite sides of the inner frame profile 13 "" arranged cap nuts 52 which are screwed onto a connecting bolt. The cap nuts 52 are not sunk in this case, but project beyond side surfaces 53 of the inner frame profile 13 "".

At the in Fig. 9 shown alternative representation of a facade system 1 ', the engagement conditions in the tongue and groove connection between the superior facade 2' and the support structure 3 'vice versa, compared with the example in Fig. 3 presented solution: According to Fig. 9 is the groove 16 'part of the support structure 3', at the posts 9, instead of rectangular flat steel to form springs, now U-profiles 56 are welded. The U-profiles have in their two perpendicular to the facade plane aligned webs 57 slots 58, for the implementation of screws 24 'and surrounding sleeves 27th

The spring 12 'is formed in this case by the inner frame profile 13''''', which projects with its rear portion 59 into the groove 16 'in the U-profile 56. Between the rear side 15 'of the inner frame profile 13''''' and a belt 60 of the U-profile 56 is a full area of a damping element 29 ', as in the embodiment according to Fig. 5 in which in the area of the bar no tongue and groove connection is present.

While the screws 24 ', which are provided on both sides with cap nuts, the webs 27 of the U-section 56 in horizontally, that is aligned perpendicular to the facade plane slots 58th penetrate in order to be able to effect a relative displacement in this way in the event of an explosion, penetrate the screws 24 'and the sleeves 27, the inner frame section 13''''' also in a slot which - Fig. 9 not visible - but runs in the vertical direction and thus does not prevent a power transmission in the event of an explosion, however, allows a vertical displacement during assembly of the facade 2 'in order to make a fine adjustment can.

Essential for the invention according to all embodiments is that the relative displacement between the support structure 8 and the facade 2 can take place over the entire surface of the two aforementioned components. The a guide for the relative displacement forming bolt-slot connections 22 are therefore distributed over the entire opening cross-section of the opening 37 is arranged.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1 '

facade system

2

facade

3

facade posts

4

facade rail

5

filling element

6

cover shell

7

cover shell

8th

support structure

9

post

10

bars

11

front

12

feather

13 ', 13 ", 13' '', 13" "

inner frame profile

14

outer frame profile

15

back

16

groove

17

front

18

connecting web

19

connecting element

20

strip

21

rubber seal

22

Stud slot connection

23

Long hole

24

screw

25

groove

26

Long hole

27

shell

28

print direction

29

damping element

30

long side

31

groove

32

covers

34

spring element

35

building

36

soffit

37

opening

38

view space

39

frame element

40

anchor

41

outer surface

42

compensation element

43

geomembrane

44

screw

45

profile

46

feather

47

profile

48

terminal material

49

profile

50

midplane

51

connection profile

52

Hutmutter

53

side surface

54

clamping screw

55

tip area

56

U-profile

57

web

58

Long hole

59

section

60

belt

K

contact area

AF

outer surface

IW

Inner surface (groove wall)

AW

Outer surface (groove wall)

A

outside

B

Area

I

palm

SB

gap region

AP

pressing region

RF

rear surface

Claims (15)

Explosion-resistant facade system (1) for closing an opening (37) in a building, with a support structure (8, 8) consisting of posts (9) and bars (10) aligned perpendicular to them and anchored to the opening (37). 8 ') and an associated with this and on a building exterior side of the support structure (8,8') upstream facade (2,2 ') consisting of frame members and enclosed filling elements (5), wherein the frame elements, in particular their inner frame profiles ( 13, 13 ', 13 ", 13''', 13 '''', 13 '''''), by means of a tongue and groove connection with the posts (9) and / or bars (10) of the support structure ( 8,8 ') are connected, wherein the longitudinal directions of grooves (16,16') and springs (12) of the tongue and groove connection parallel to the longitudinal directions of the posts (9) and / or bolt (10) of the support structure (8 , 8 ') and the frame elements, in particular the inner frame profiles (13, 13', 13 ", 13 ''',13"", 13 ""'), run and grooves (16,16') and preferably springs (12) over the entire length of the posts (9) and / or bolt (10) and the associated frame members, in particular the inner frame profiles (13, 13 ', 13 ", 13''', 13 '', 13 ''''), characterized in that the tongue-and-groove connection is located entirely within a region (B) leading to the outside (A ) of the façade system (1) from a plane defined by inner surfaces (I) of the filling elements (5) and towards the inside of the façade system (1) from a continuous front face (11) of the supporting structure (8) forming a supporting surface 8 ') is limited. Facade system according to claim 1, characterized in that the facade (2,2 ') under the action of a blast caused by a blast wave in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the filling elements (5) relative to the support structure (8, 8') is slidably mounted , wherein as a result of a displacement of the facade (2,2 '), the energy of the pressure wave at damping points, which are arranged within the cross section of the opening (37) in the building, at least partially degradable. Facade system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the springs (12) or the grooves (16, 16 ') bounding walls integral with the posts (9) and / or bars (10) of the support structure (8, 8') are formed. Facade system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tongue and groove connection of a gap region (SB) between adjacent filling elements (5) by means of a continuously sealed contact pressure area (AP) for edge regions of the filling elements (5) is separated and the Anpressbereich (AP) of two in the longitudinal direction of the associated posts (9) or bolt (10) adjacent to each other extending profiles (45,47) is formed, which are sealed from each other. Facade system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the facade (2,2 '), in particular their frame members, by means of bolt-slot connections (22) with the posts (9) and / or bars (10) of the support structure (8,8 ') are connected, wherein a longitudinal axis of the elongated holes (26,58) is perpendicular to the plane of the filling elements (5). Facade system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inner frame profile (13, 13 ', 13 ", 13''',13"",13""') has a rear surface (RF), which is on both sides the opening cross section of the groove (16, 16 ') extends or is formed by a groove bottom and on the respective power transmission from the upstream facade (2, 2') on the support structure (8, 8 ') in the case of a blast caused by a blast he follows. Facade system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that in the frame elements, in particular the inner frame profiles (13, 13 ', 13 ", 13''',13""), a groove (16) is present, in which a a post (9) and / or bolt (10) connected spring (12) engages, which is formed by a welded flat steel. Facade system according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that in a spring (12) of the tongue and groove connection and in the opposite cheeks (25) or webs (57) of a groove (16,16 ') of the groove A longitudinal slot (23,26,58) is provided, wherein the longitudinal axes of the elongated holes (23,26,58) perpendicular to each other and the longitudinal axis of a slot (26,58) perpendicular to the plane of the filling elements (5) runs. Facade system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the support structure (8,8 ') used a welded construction of steel hollow sections with continuous posts (9) and in spaces between the posts (9) Bolt (10) is, wherein the welded construction after production surface treated against corrosion, preferably galvanized, and the frame members of the facade (2,2 ') are aluminum extruded profiles. Facade system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the support structure (8,8 ') is bounded by a frame of L-profiles, each with a leg flush with a surface of a soffit (36) and in each case with the other Make the legs flush with a viewing surface (38) of a building part (35). Facade system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that between the facade (2,2 '), in particular their frame elements, in particular their inner frame profiles (13, 13', 13 ", 13 ''',13"", 13 ""'), and the post (9) or bars (10) of the support structure (8,8') plastically and / or elastically deformable damping elements (29,29 '), preferably in strip form, are arranged. Facade system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that mutually corresponding contact surfaces on the grooves (16,16 ') on the one hand and the springs (12) on the other hand or on connecting elements (54) with walls (25) of the grooves (16 , 16 ') or the springs (12) are connected, on the one hand and corresponding contact surfaces on the grooves (16,16') or the springs (12) on the other hand, in clamping contact with each other and that at a sprengwirkungsbedingten relative displacement between the contact surfaces caused by friction and / or plastic deformation energy degradation occurs. Facade system according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that surface normals of the contact surfaces are aligned parallel to the planes of the filling elements (5). Facade system according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the contact surfaces of outer surfaces (AF) of the springs (12) facing each other inner surface (IW) of walls (25) of the grooves (16,16 ') facing away from each other outer surfaces (AW ) are formed by walls (25) of the grooves (16, 16 ') and / or surfaces on connecting elements (54), in particular screw heads, nuts and washers. Facade system according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the support structure (8,8 ') is mounted displaceably relative to the opening (37) delimiting building parts (35) displaceable and that in the case of a relative displacement between the support structure (8, 8 ') and the building parts (35) energy by means of elastically and / or plastically deformable damping elements and / or friction between contact surfaces is degradable.

Images