EP1985722B1 - Procédé de pulvérisation au plasma destiné au revêtement de tuyau de surchauffe - Google Patents

Procédé de pulvérisation au plasma destiné au revêtement de tuyau de surchauffe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1985722B1
EP1985722B1 EP08004327A EP08004327A EP1985722B1 EP 1985722 B1 EP1985722 B1 EP 1985722B1 EP 08004327 A EP08004327 A EP 08004327A EP 08004327 A EP08004327 A EP 08004327A EP 1985722 B1 EP1985722 B1 EP 1985722B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective layer
spraying method
thermal spraying
self
metal alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08004327A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1985722A2 (fr
EP1985722A3 (fr
Inventor
Bodo Häuser
Hendrik Häuser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hauser&co GmbH
Original Assignee
Hauser&co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hauser&co GmbH filed Critical Hauser&co GmbH
Priority to PL08004327T priority Critical patent/PL1985722T3/pl
Publication of EP1985722A2 publication Critical patent/EP1985722A2/fr
Publication of EP1985722A3 publication Critical patent/EP1985722A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1985722B1 publication Critical patent/EP1985722B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/067—Metallic material containing free particles of non-metal elements, e.g. carbon, silicon, boron, phosphorus or arsenic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal spraying method for producing a protective layer on hot gases, in particular flue gases acted upon metallic walls, preferably of boiler tubes, in which a powder is applied to the previously treated metallic walls to form the protective layer.
  • the materials to be coated eg steel materials.
  • the workpiece to be coated is first cleaned and then blasted with corundum or the like.
  • a preheating of the base material to a temperature of 150 ° C to 250 ° C before blasting is often necessary, said preheating temperature is recommended in particular in the flame spraying with self-fluxing powders.
  • the coating materials have a melting point below the melting temperature of the material to be coated, and are melted after spraying in the base material.
  • the protective layer has a relatively large layer thickness of up to 2 mm at relatively high porosity of 15 to 20% before melting. These factors cause meltdown.
  • the melting is usually carried out with a hard acetylene-oxygen flame, so that the protective layer to a temperature (such as in EP 0 223 135 ) is heated up to 1200 ° C.
  • a temperature such as in EP 0 223 135
  • the layer thickness increases about 20 percent by volume, which disadvantageously forms a diffusion layer, ie elements of the protective layer diffuse due to the heat load in the base material.
  • a diffusive composite of the protective layer is achieved with the base material.
  • high-temperature steels such as 15Mo3, 13CrMo45 or 10CrMo910, the high heat input leads to a disadvantageous microstructure change.
  • plasma spraying processes for producing the protective layer are also known, for example in US Pat DE 42 20 063 C1 disclosed. That in the DE 42 20 063 C1 The disclosed method has proven itself in practice to the effect that the distortion of workpieces and crack-forming stresses in the base material are avoided.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a thermal spraying process of the type mentioned with simple means so that at lower heat input into the base material a closed, melted in itself protective layer is achieved without diffusive compound with the base material.
  • the object is achieved by a plasma spraying process according to claim 1, in which a self-flowing metal alloy of coarse grain size is sprayed onto the metallic walls as powder, the protective layer being melted after spraying.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the temperature of the base material in the plasma spraying process is basically only slightly increased, since the plasma jet itself does not even reach the base material.
  • the invention proceeds by using a coarse-grained powder as the coating material or filler material in the plasma spraying process according to the invention, wherein instead of the high thermal melting, only a melting of the protective layer is carried out at much lower temperatures and thus significantly lower thermal loads are introduced into the base material ,
  • the powder or the self-flowing metal alloy has a grain size of 90 to 180 .mu.m, wherein the protective layer after spraying has a layer thickness of 0.2 to 1 mm, preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mm.
  • the porosity of the protective layer before melting is 0.5 to 3%.
  • a self-fluxing metal alloy is used as powder, which has at least the following constituents: 77.35 wt .-% Ni; 11.5% by weight Cr; 0.65% by weight C; 2.5% by weight B; 3.75% by weight of Si; 4.25% by weight of Fe.
  • the protective layer has a hardness of 48 to 52 HRC after melting.
  • the workpiece preferably a tube with electrofused corundum or the like, is blasted.
  • the powder or the self-flowing metal alloy is heated to about 25 ° C. before the injection process.
  • the melting of the protective layer after spraying is carried out expediently with a neutral flame (acetylene / oxygen), wherein the protective layer compared to the melting to a much lower Temperature of about 800 ° C is heated, which advantageously avoids a diffusive composite of the protective layer to the base material. But this also structural changes of the base material are avoided, which is why the plasma spraying process according to the invention can also be applied to critical materials such as 15Mo3, 10CrMo910 or 13CrMo45.
  • the melted protective layer cools down very quickly, which also positively influences the formation of a closed, hard shell (protective layer).
  • the workpiece or the coated tube to cool in air.
  • the plasma spraying process according to the invention is particularly suitable for use on superheater pipes in waste incineration plants, without restricting the application thereof.
  • waste incineration plants it has been found that pure sprayed coatings as protective layers, although the normal operation meet; However, a required cleaning process (blasting process) often leads to damage, which ultimately causes the failure of the protective layer.
  • a compact, gas-tight, firmly bonded to the base material protective layer is generated, which also resists a blasting process, since the diffusion layer or a structural change of the base material is avoided.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de pulvérisation à chaud pour la production d'une couche de protection par le procédé de pulvérisation au plasma sur des parois métalliques exposées à des gaz de fumées chauds, dans lequel on dépose comme poudre un alliage métallique à écoulement naturel sur les parois métalliques, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage métallique à écoulement naturel présente une granulométrie de 90 à 180 µm, dans lequel on amorce uniquement la fusion de la couche de protection après la pulvérisation au moyen d'une flamme neutre, dans lequel on ne chauffe la couche de protection que jusqu'à une température telle qu'une liaison par diffusion de la couche de protection avec le matériau de base soit évitée, dans lequel l'alliage métallique à écoulement naturel présente du nickel comme constituant principal.
  2. Procédé de pulvérisation à chaud selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection présente après la pulvérisation une épaisseur de couche de 0,2 à 1 mm.
  3. Procédé de pulvérisation à chaud selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection présente après la pulvérisation une épaisseur de couche de 0,3 à 0,6 mm.
  4. Procédé de pulvérisation à chaud selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection présente avant le début de fusion une porosité de 0,5 à 3 %.
  5. Procédé de pulvérisation à chaud selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme poudre un alliage métallique à écoulement naturel présentant au moins les constituants suivants: 77,35 % en poids Ni; 11,5 % en poids Cr; 0,65 % en poids C; 2,5 % en poids B; 3,75 % en poids Si; 4,25 % en poids Fe.
  6. Procédé de pulvérisation à chaud selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection présente après le début de fusion une dureté de 48 à 52 HRC.
  7. Procédé de pulvérisation à chaud selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on chauffe la poudre avant la pulvérisation à une température d'environ 25°C.
  8. Procédé de pulvérisation à chaud selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on pulvérise la couche de protection sur des parois métalliques de tubes de chaudières exposés à des gaz de fumées chauds par le procédé de pulvérisation au plasma.
  9. Utilisation d'une poudre en un alliage métallique à écoulement naturel présentant une granulométrie de 90 à 180 µm pour un procédé de pulvérisation à chaud pour la production d'une couche de protection sur des parois métalliques exposées à des gaz de fumées chauds, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la couche de protection n'est que légèrement fondue avec une flamme neutre après la pulvérisation par le procédé de pulvérisation au plasma, dans laquelle la couche de protection n'est chauffée qu'à une température telle qu'une liaison par diffusion de la couche de protection avec le matériau de base soit évitée, et dans laquelle l'alliage métallique à écoulement naturel présente du nickel comme constituant principal.
EP08004327A 2007-04-27 2008-03-08 Procédé de pulvérisation au plasma destiné au revêtement de tuyau de surchauffe Active EP1985722B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08004327T PL1985722T3 (pl) 2007-04-27 2008-03-08 Sposób natryskiwania plazmowego do powlekania rur przegrzewacza

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007020420A DE102007020420B4 (de) 2007-04-27 2007-04-27 Plasmaspritzverfahren zur Beschichtung von Überhitzerrohren und Verwendung eines Metalllegierungspulvers

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1985722A2 EP1985722A2 (fr) 2008-10-29
EP1985722A3 EP1985722A3 (fr) 2009-04-01
EP1985722B1 true EP1985722B1 (fr) 2011-10-26

Family

ID=39400433

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08004327A Active EP1985722B1 (fr) 2007-04-27 2008-03-08 Procédé de pulvérisation au plasma destiné au revêtement de tuyau de surchauffe

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1985722B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE530676T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007020420B4 (fr)
DK (1) DK1985722T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2375172T3 (fr)
HR (1) HRP20120043T1 (fr)
PL (1) PL1985722T3 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3642519A (en) * 1969-03-21 1972-02-15 Us Air Force Method for the development of hard coat seal surfaces
US4192672A (en) * 1978-01-18 1980-03-11 Scm Corporation Spray-and-fuse self-fluxing alloy powders
US4692305A (en) * 1985-11-05 1987-09-08 Perkin-Elmer Corporation Corrosion and wear resistant alloy
EP0223135A1 (fr) * 1985-11-05 1987-05-27 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Alliages autofondants résistant à la corrosion pour projection à la flamme
DE4220063C1 (de) 1992-06-19 1993-11-18 Thyssen Guss Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schutzschicht auf mit heißen Gasen, insbesondere Rauchgasen beaufschlagten metallischen Wänden
DE19638228A1 (de) * 1996-08-22 1998-02-26 Castolin Sa Verfahren zum Herstellen einer korrosionsbeständigen Verbindung von Rohren
WO2006099869A1 (fr) * 2005-03-21 2006-09-28 Gerstenberg & Agger A/S Revetement dur resistant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1985722A2 (fr) 2008-10-29
EP1985722A3 (fr) 2009-04-01
DK1985722T3 (da) 2012-02-06
ES2375172T3 (es) 2012-02-27
PL1985722T3 (pl) 2012-03-30
HRP20120043T1 (hr) 2012-02-29
DE102007020420A1 (de) 2008-10-30
ATE530676T1 (de) 2011-11-15
DE102007020420B4 (de) 2011-02-24

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