EP1985437B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Materialien in Blattform, im Besonderen Papiermaterialen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Materialien in Blattform, im Besonderen Papiermaterialen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1985437B1
EP1985437B1 EP08154776.2A EP08154776A EP1985437B1 EP 1985437 B1 EP1985437 B1 EP 1985437B1 EP 08154776 A EP08154776 A EP 08154776A EP 1985437 B1 EP1985437 B1 EP 1985437B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
stretching
mould
dragging
cavity
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP08154776.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1985437A3 (de
EP1985437A2 (de
Inventor
Giorgio Trani
Marion Sterner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gruppo X Di X Gruppo S R L
Gruppo X di X Gruppo Srl
Original Assignee
Gruppo X Di X Gruppo S R L
Gruppo X di X Gruppo Srl
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Publication of EP1985437A2 publication Critical patent/EP1985437A2/de
Publication of EP1985437A3 publication Critical patent/EP1985437A3/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/59—Shaping sheet material under pressure
    • B31B50/592—Shaping sheet material under pressure using punches or dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
    • B31B2160/10—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a forming method for materials in sheet form, particularly papery materials.
  • Three-dimensional products are known made of papery material starting from sheets and webs of materials of various types, and in particular of papery material.
  • One of these known systems uses a male die or punch of shape complementary to that of the cavity; another known system uses an elastic membrane, which is subjected to pressure until it adheres to the inner surface of the cavity and causes the sheet of papery material to also adhere thereto; in another known method the sheet of papery material is subjected directly to a pressure able to cause it to adhere to the inner surface of the cavity.
  • the final result obtainable, independently of the method used, is always to stably deform the paper sheet and cause its deformed portion to assume the shape of the mould cavity.
  • the material sheet is retained along the edge of the mould cavity during forming; in the other the material sheet is freely dragged into the mould cavity during forming.
  • the first case utilizes the extensibility of the material and subjects it to stretching; evidently as the cavity depth increases, the degree of extensibility of the material has to increase, and as this generally presents natural limitations, these result in limitations in the cavity depth, the need to avoid sudden accentuated discontinuities in the surface of the container obtainable, and consequently in limitations in the shape of the container itself.
  • This is valid both for papery material and for other particular composite materials comprising paper, plastic film with poorly extensible crystalline layers, and embossed aluminium acting as a barrier.
  • the material is dragging into the interior of the mould cavity.
  • the extensibility of the material is not utilized, there are virtually no limitations on the maximum depth of the mould cavity, however the dragging of the material into the mould during moulding results in the formation of a plurality of visible creases on the container.
  • these can confer an anti-aesthetic appearance on the three-dimensional product obtained, and on the other hand prevent the product surface from being printed or decorated by printing.
  • these creases prevent hermetic bonding.
  • US 1912931 A1 discloses a composite product and it has particularly reference to trays of composite material.
  • US 2832522 discloses a closure members which are to receive goods that are to keep from spilling out.
  • An object of the invention is to produce three-dimensional products by moulding sheet material, practically without limitation on their shape and in particular without any limitation on the depth of the cavity into which the sheet of papery material is inserted to form the three-dimensional product.
  • Another object of the invention is to produce three-dimensional products of sheet material with a surface creased to a virtually insignificant extent and in any event such as not to alter any printing on the sheet from which the three-dimensional product is obtained.
  • a sheet 2 of extensible material is positioned over the cavity of a female fixed mould 4, above which a movable male die or punch 6 is positioned, provided with a protruding portion of complementary shape to that of the cavity of the female mould 4.
  • the extensible material 2 can consist of extensible paper, metal sheet material (aluminium, embossed aluminium, tin plate, etc.), composite material comprising a layer of extensible paper bonded to one or more plastic film layers, hot-extensible polymer film, etc.
  • the punch 6 is then made to descend onto the female mould 4 until its protruding portion partially stretches into the mould cavity the sheet 2 of extensible material retained along the cavity edge.
  • this operation causes it to partially deform, by an extent related to the descent stroke of the punch 6.
  • the ring 8 which can be flat or frusto-conical and retains the sheet adhering to the surface of the female mould 4, is raised and the punch 6 is made to continue its stroke until its protruding portion has completely entered the cavity of the female mould 4 and has dragged a part of the sheet 2 into it.
  • the creases which form can have a free or ordered arrangement, but in any event, during the final stage of the stroke of the punch 6 they become flattened between the surface thereof and the surface of the cavity of the female mould 4, and be virtually invisible under certain conditions.
  • the sheet 2 is retained along the cavity edge, the continuation of the stroke of the punch 6 causing stretching of the sheet and the consequent partial elimination of the previously formed creases.
  • Moulding can also be effected not with only two steps, namely a stretching step and a step of dragging the sheet of papery material 2, but with several steps, by alternating a stretching step with a dragging step and then another stretching step and so on until the final container has been obtained.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 schematically show the two steps of the method, specifically the first sheet dragging step and the second sheet stretching step. If a punch 6 with a flat protruding portion is used in the first step, creases will definitely not form in that flat surface, hence the band within which these creases are allowed to form can be controlled with greater precision.
  • the sheet 2 deformed in the first dragging step can be transferred (see Figure 5 ) into a still different female mould 4", where it is stretched by a different punch 6" consisting of an inflatable balloon, able to also expand laterally to generate in this manner a container with an undercut.
  • the two dragging and stretching steps can also be carried out by utilizing the deformability of the punch 6, which in the first step is limited to dragging the sheet 2 of extensible material into the female mould 4, while in the second step, after the sheet is retained along the edge of the ring 8, it makes it adhere to the female mould cavity by stretching.
  • This solution has the advantage of not requiring a different punch 6 for each container form to be obtained, but enables different containers to be obtained with different female moulds 4, but with a single deformable punch 6.
  • the sheet of papery material 2 is moulded by mechanical effect between a complementary mould and die, in which case the only characteristic required of the sheet of papery material is a degree of extensibility of at least 5%.
  • a female mould can be used in which the cavity comprises a plurality of channels communicating with a vacuum source and, in combination or as an alternative thereto, the protruding portion of the punch 4 can comprise a plurality of other channels communicating with a pressure source.
  • the only characteristic required of the sheet of papery material is to have a degree of extensibility of at least 5%.
  • a different moulding technique uses, in place of the punch, a deformable membrane associated with a pressure source on the opposite surface to that facing the female mould cavity. In this manner the sheet of papery material is deformed by the elastic membrane, itself deformed by pneumatic effect.
  • Another technique again based on the principle of effecting moulding in two stretching and dragging steps or vice versa, consists of deforming the sheet of papery material 2 directly by pneumatic effect.
  • Compressed air is then fed into the bell cap to stretch the paper.
  • This pre-treatment can consist of preheating the flat sheet, if consisting of papery material bonded to plastic film, and then deforming it in cold moulds, which in this manner nullify the memory effect of the plastic film.
  • the method of the invention is particularly advantageous, in that it enables three-dimensional containers of extensible material subjected to deep moulding to be obtained, without this moulding depth causing visible creases in the container, and indeed enabling these to be localized and homogeneously distributed in controlled regions different from those carrying printing.
  • a different embodiment, illustrated in Figures 9 and 10 comprises a first step of dragging the sheet 2 into the mould 4 having a cavity of a certain depth, with the formation of creases, which can then be smoothed in a subsequent step within a mould 4' having a less deep cavity, in this manner they being totally or partially eliminated.
  • two different female moulds are used, as are two different punches, of which the purpose of the second is to retain the container under formation with its base adhering to the base of the cavity of the female mould.
  • the stretching step is achieved by a ring 8, for example of rubber, operating on that container band emerging from the cavity of the second female mould 4' to turn it outwards.
  • FIGs 11-13 A different embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 11-13 .
  • a first female mould 4 is used in which a punched and crease-lined sheet 2 of extensible papery material bonded to a polythene film is placed (see Figure 12 ).
  • a punch 6 drags the sheet 2 into the female mould until it assumes the shape of the mould cavity (see Figure 11 ).
  • the stability of the shape is obtained by welding the polymer layers of the sheet 2 by the heating and thermowelding mould 4 and punch 6.
  • the formed three-dimensional container is then transferred into a different female mould 4', is retained along the edge b y the ring 8 and subjected to stretching action by a different punch 6' (see Figure 13 ).
  • the invention uses double impression moulds provided with two female portions hinged together to pass from an open position to a facing position.
  • the two female portions are closed together to enable the two half-containers to be welded together along their contacting edges.
  • the method used to obtain the each half-container comprises a first step of dragging the sheet into the cavity in the female mould and a second stretching step
  • the two female mould portions can be closed together before the stretching step. This is illustrated schematically in Figures 14 and 15 .
  • the method of the invention can also be continuously applied (see Figures 16-19 ) using a web of extensible material 2 and a multiple mould 4, i.e. with several impressions and several portions.
  • the starting web 2 is pre-incised along transverse lines 10 partially separating portions corresponding to the individual products to be formed (see Figure 16 ).
  • the two dragging and stretching steps are completely separate, it is also possible for the dragging step to simultaneously involve several superposed sheets, which are then fed individually to the subsequent stretching step.

Landscapes

  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Formgebendes Verfahren für Papiermaterialien in Blattform, wobei nach Auflegen eines Blattes Papiermaterial auf eine Formwerkzeughöhlung das Blatt im Formwerkzeug einem wenigstens teilweisen Ziehen unterworfen wird, ohne dass es an der Kante der Höhlung festgehalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das verwendete Papiermaterial wenigstens 5 % dehnbar ist und das Blatt im Formwerkzeug ferner einem wenigstens teilweise Strecken unterworfen und dabei gleichzeitig an der Kante der Höhlung festgehalten wird, unabhängig von der Reihenfolge, in der diese beiden Vorgänge ausgeführt werden, und unabhängig von einer teilweisen Überlappung der Vorgänge.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die beiden Schritte des Streckens und des Ziehens voneinander getrennt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Ziehens eine Mehrzahl von übereinander gelegten Blättern betrifft.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Streckens und/oder Schritt des Ziehens durch einen mechanischen Vorgang in Formwerkzeugen vorgenommen werden, die eine hohle Formhälfte, die mit wenigstens einer Höhlung versehen ist, und wenigstens einen Stempel von komplementärer Form aufweisen.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Streckens und/oder der Schritt des Ziehens dadurch vorgenommen werden, dass das Materialblatt einer Druckdifferenz zwischen seinen beiden Seitenflächen ausgesetzt wird.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Hohlform verwendet wird, bei der die Höhlung eine Mehrzahl von Kanälen umfasst, die mit einer Vakuumversorgung verbunden sind.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung eines Stempels, dessen Oberfläche eine Mehrzahl von Kanälen aufweist, die mit einer Vakuumversorgung verbunden sind.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung eines Stempels, der aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material hergestellt ist.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Streckens mit einem aus einer aufblasbaren Membran bestehenden Stempel ausgeführt wird.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Streckens und/oder der Schritt des Ziehens an einem Materialblatt ausgeführt werden, welches einer Erwärmung unterzogen wird.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Schritt des Streckens das Materialblatt von einem elastisch verformbaren Ring festgehalten wird.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden unterschiedlichen Schritte des Streckens und des Ziehens mit zwei unterschiedlichen Formwerkzeugen ausgeführt werden.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Materialblatt mit Falzlinien versehen wird, bevor es der Verformung unterzogen wird.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Blatt dehnbares Papier verwendet wird, das mit wenigstens einer Kunststofffolie verklebt ist.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Streckens und der Schritt des Ziehens in einem Formwerkzeug mit zwei Höhlungen ausgeführt wird, die nach dem Schritt des Ziehens frontal zueinander gestellt werden, um das Blatt in einer geschlossenen Höhlung dem Schritt des Streckens zu unterziehen.
EP08154776.2A 2007-04-20 2008-04-18 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Materialien in Blattform, im Besonderen Papiermaterialen Active EP1985437B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000025A ITVE20070025A1 (it) 2007-04-20 2007-04-20 Metodo di formatura di materiali in foglio, particolarmente di materiali cartacei.-

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1985437A2 EP1985437A2 (de) 2008-10-29
EP1985437A3 EP1985437A3 (de) 2013-04-03
EP1985437B1 true EP1985437B1 (de) 2016-06-01

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ID=39615756

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08154776.2A Active EP1985437B1 (de) 2007-04-20 2008-04-18 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Materialien in Blattform, im Besonderen Papiermaterialen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1985437B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2587025T3 (de)
IT (1) ITVE20070025A1 (de)
PL (1) PL1985437T3 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202018104061U1 (de) * 2018-07-13 2019-10-15 Frosta Aktiengesellschaft Kompostierbare und umweltschonende Verpackung für ein Tiefkühlprodukt
EP3819224A1 (de) 2019-11-11 2021-05-12 BillerudKorsnäs AB Verfahren zur herstellung eines tiefgezogenen behälters mit dehnbarem papier

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2489500B (en) 2011-03-31 2018-02-14 Chesapeake Ltd Forming sheet materials
SE539446C2 (sv) 2013-11-04 2017-09-26 Stora Enso Oyj Förfarande och anordning för djupdragning av ett tråg från fiberbaserat arkmaterial
SE540678C2 (en) 2014-10-17 2018-10-09 Stora Enso Oyj Method and apparatus for deep-drawing a tray from sheet material
EP3594406B1 (de) 2018-07-13 2022-02-23 FRoSTA Aktiengesellschaft Kompostierbare und umweltschonende verpackung für ein tiefkühlprodukt
SE545309C2 (en) * 2018-11-05 2023-06-27 Pulpac AB Forming mould system and method for forming three-dimensional cellulose products
AT521900B1 (de) 2018-12-14 2023-01-15 Mondi Ag Heißextraktionspapier
SE544079C2 (en) * 2018-12-20 2021-12-14 Pulpac AB Forming mould system and method for forming cellulose products
PT3839138T (pt) 2019-12-20 2022-12-06 Mondi Ag Papel de extração a quente
SE545562C2 (en) * 2020-07-09 2023-10-24 Stora Enso Oyj Folded 3D shaped packaging product for cushioning and/or thermal insulation of packaged goods
CN115803174A (zh) * 2020-07-09 2023-03-14 斯道拉恩索公司 来自气流成网坯件的折叠的3d成形包装产品

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1912931A (en) * 1928-05-17 1933-06-06 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Molded article
US2832522A (en) * 1953-11-20 1958-04-29 Keyes Fibre Co Container cover and method of making
CH681614A5 (de) * 1991-07-03 1993-04-30 Soremartec Sa
JP3060173B2 (ja) * 1998-11-02 2000-07-10 株式会社コンドー・マシナリー 段ボール製トレー、その製造方法及び製造装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202018104061U1 (de) * 2018-07-13 2019-10-15 Frosta Aktiengesellschaft Kompostierbare und umweltschonende Verpackung für ein Tiefkühlprodukt
EP3819224A1 (de) 2019-11-11 2021-05-12 BillerudKorsnäs AB Verfahren zur herstellung eines tiefgezogenen behälters mit dehnbarem papier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITVE20070025A1 (it) 2008-10-21
EP1985437A3 (de) 2013-04-03
ES2587025T3 (es) 2016-10-20
EP1985437A2 (de) 2008-10-29
PL1985437T3 (pl) 2016-11-30

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