EP1981954B1 - Vervendung zur verringerung der emissionen von dieselmotoren - Google Patents

Vervendung zur verringerung der emissionen von dieselmotoren Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1981954B1
EP1981954B1 EP06780596.0A EP06780596A EP1981954B1 EP 1981954 B1 EP1981954 B1 EP 1981954B1 EP 06780596 A EP06780596 A EP 06780596A EP 1981954 B1 EP1981954 B1 EP 1981954B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
engines
gas oil
fraction
diesel engines
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06780596.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1981954A1 (de
Inventor
Daniele Quartieri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PROMETEUS di Daniele Quartieri
Original Assignee
PROMETEUS di Daniele Quartieri
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PROMETEUS di Daniele Quartieri filed Critical PROMETEUS di Daniele Quartieri
Publication of EP1981954A1 publication Critical patent/EP1981954A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1981954B1 publication Critical patent/EP1981954B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a procedure for reducing the emissions, in particular NO x and particulate, of diesel cycle engines.
  • a solution suggested by the prior art consists in the addition of water to the fuel. This solution has proved to be beneficial as it reduces the harmful components.
  • a typical example of technology which uses the addition of water is represented by the so-called "white gas oil", an emulsion of water (about 10%) in gas oil, produced by the addition of suitable emulsifiers.
  • the beneficial effect of water can be attributed to the reduced temperature in the combustion chamber, which lowers the NO x level, and also a better combustion due to the pulverization of gas oil into droplets caused by the explosion of the water drops contained in the emulsion, during the compression phase.
  • alcohols having a low molecular weight for example methanol and ethanol
  • Otto cycle driven ignition engines
  • gas oil engines diesel cycle
  • a low cetane number corresponds to a high octane number.
  • GB-A-2 384 525 reports on the addition of water, e.g. steam, to an engine charge for reducing both particulate matters and NO x emission levels in turbo diesel internal combustion engines.
  • the water can be demineralized and added into the intake air as steam or water spray, injected directly into the cylinder or included in the fuel.
  • a secondary fuel may also be added, e.g. methanol/alcohol, to improve combustion of the primary diesel fuel.
  • the method reduces particulate matters and NO x emissions.
  • JP 1995 253025 A (Yamaguchi Takashi) 3 October 1995 relates to a diesel engine comprising a water and inhalation device for car.
  • the device has steam generator set up in inhalation circuit of diesel engine to generate water steam which is inhaled and burned with evaporated methanol in engine combustion chamber. The method decreases harmful exhaust material.
  • US 2001/015030 relates to an additive composition for a combustion fuel to utilize readily available and renewable resources and to improve combustion and reduced smoke and particulate production of the combusted fuel, said additive composition comprising at least five different components, said composition being mixed with said combustible fuel to form a clear stable microemulsion having a viscosity similar to a liquid fossil fuel.
  • the present invention relates to a procedure for reducing the emissions of diesel engines, according to claim 1.
  • Diesel engines which can be used in the procedure of the present invention include, as an example, engines for light road transport (cars), engines for heavy road transport (lorries, buses, tractors) motors for electricity generators.
  • the term diesel engine means any kind of diesel cycle engine, preferably turbojet and turbo-diesel engines.
  • Hydro-alcoholic blend means an aqueous solution of methanol and iso-butanol. It is essential, however, for the alcohols to be present in an amount and with a number of carbon atoms such as to assure the formation of a perfectly homogeneous and limpid aqueous solution. Therefore the ratio iso-butanol / methanol is usually low due to the scarce water solubility of iso-butanol. In the experimental part, tests related to a homogeneous mixture of 50% by volume demineralized water and 50% by volume of an alcohol blend consisting of 97% by volume of methanol and 3% by volume of iso-butanol are described.
  • the above alcohols can be obtained from petrochemical productions, or, preferably, from renewable sources.
  • the present invention requires the separate feeding of gas oil and the hydro-alcoholic blend.
  • the volumetric ratio between the hydro-alcoholic blend and the gas oil ranges from 5/95 to 75/25. The above ratio mainly depends on the type of engine and regime at which it runs.
  • gas oil for road vehicles As far as gas oil for road vehicles is concerned, its characteristics and properties arc well-known to experts in the field. We would like to indicate, in particular, a typical evaporation curve of gas oil for road vehicles: at 150°C, 2% by volume evaporates, at 250°C, 64.5% by volume, at 350°C, 85% by volume, at 370°C, 95% by volume. Other important characteristics of the gas oil for road vehicles are density at 15°C (from 820 to 845 Kg/m 3 ) and viscosity at 40°C (from 2.00 to 4.5 mm 2 /sec.).
  • the feeding to the diesel engine can be effected by means of the usual means suitable for this purpose, for example by injectors.
  • the only restriction consists of the material of the means which feeds the hydro-alcoholic solution; this in fact must be resistant to water and also to alcohols.
  • a typical commercial injector which can be used for the hydro-alcoholic solutions of the present invention is known as Aquamist 1 of E.R.I.. Ltd.
  • the procedure of the present invention in addition to allowing a reduction in the NO x and particulate (PM), also has the advantage of increasing the engine power.
  • the reduction in emissions can be mainly ascribed to the presence of water, whose environmental advantages in diesel engines are already described in the known art.
  • the increase in power is mainly due to the introduction of alcohols into diesel engines.
  • the alcohol acts as a complement to gas oil for the purpose of improving the power yield.
  • the procedure of the present invention does not have the drawbacks mentioned above for "white gas oil".
  • the procedure of the present invention does not, obviously, have storage problems typical of gas oil/water emulsions, due to its nature.
  • the system of the present invention docs not require the presence of surface-active agents (necessary for preparing emulsions of white gas oil) which could create problems in gas oil engines.
  • the above engine is fed, for comparative purposes, with commercial gas oil only, of the EN 590 Agip Bludiesel type and, according to the present invention, with the same gas oil and with a second feeding consisting of a hydro-alcoholic blend consisting of:
  • the test cycle ECE 15 consists in driving the vehicle in a simulated run on a dynamometric bench on suitably calibrated rolls in order to consider the inertia and passive resistances according to the Extra-Urban Cycle EUDC.
  • Tables 1a-1c show the properties and the compositions of the mixture used in these tests (48.5% methanol, 1.5% iso-butanol, 50% demineralize water) at three different temperatures, i.e. 15°C (minimum operating temperature), 32°C (maximum operating temperature) and 78°C (flash point temperature).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Eine Verwendung von Dieselmotoren, die durch zwei gentrennte Zuleitungen gespeist werden, wobei die erste Zuleitung aus Gasöl und die zweite Zuleitung aus 50 Volumenprozent demineralisiertem Wasser und 50 Volumenprozent einer Zusammensetzung besteht, die sich aus 97 Volumenprozent Methanol und 3 Volumenprozent Isobutanol zusammensetzt, und wobei das volumetrische Verhältnis zwischen der zweiten Zuleitung und Gasöl von 5/95 bis 75/25 für die Reduzierung von NOx und Feinstaubemissionen des Dieselmotors reicht.
  2. Eine Verwendung gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei die Dieselmotoren aus Motoren für leichte Straßenfahrzeuge, Motoren für schwere Straßenfahrzeuge, Motoren für Stromgeneratoren ausgewählt werden.
  3. Eine Verwendung gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei die Dieselmotoren Turbojet- und Turbodieselmotoren umfassen.
EP06780596.0A 2006-02-03 2006-07-25 Vervendung zur verringerung der emissionen von dieselmotoren Active EP1981954B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI20060188 ITMI20060188A1 (it) 2006-02-03 2006-02-03 Procedimento per ridurre le emissioni di motorizzazioni diesel
PCT/IT2006/000566 WO2007088564A1 (en) 2006-02-03 2006-07-25 Procedure for reducing the emissions of diesel engines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1981954A1 EP1981954A1 (de) 2008-10-22
EP1981954B1 true EP1981954B1 (de) 2013-05-29

Family

ID=37396484

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06780596.0A Active EP1981954B1 (de) 2006-02-03 2006-07-25 Vervendung zur verringerung der emissionen von dieselmotoren

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1981954B1 (de)
IT (1) ITMI20060188A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2007088564A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ612286A (en) * 2010-11-25 2015-07-31 Gane Energy & Resources Pty Ltd Process for powering a compression ignition engine and fuel therefor

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2627396B2 (ja) * 1994-03-15 1997-07-02 敬 山口 自動車用ディーゼルエンジンの水、メタノール吸入装置
WO1999035215A2 (en) * 1998-01-12 1999-07-15 Deborah Wenzel An additive composition also used as a fuel composition comprising water soluble alcohols
GB2384525A (en) * 2002-01-15 2003-07-30 William May Stott Adding water, eg steam, to the charge of a reciprocating piston i.c. engine to reduce emissions of particulate matter (PM) and NOx

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007088564A1 (en) 2007-08-09
EP1981954A1 (de) 2008-10-22
ITMI20060188A1 (it) 2007-08-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0748364B1 (de) Unverbleite treibstoffzusammensetzungen
US7828862B2 (en) Highly effective fuel additives for igniting internal combustion engines, diesel engines and jet propulsion engines
CN101531933B (zh) 用于均质充气压缩点火发动机的燃料
US20040123518A1 (en) Alcohol enhanced alternative fuels
US5015356A (en) Hydrocarbon fuel systems
RU2328519C2 (ru) Усовершенствованное сгорание в паровой фазе
EP1381657B1 (de) Abstimmung der kraftstoffzusammensetzung auf die fahrbedingungen bei ottomotoren
US5312542A (en) Hydrocarbon fuel and fuel systems
US1606431A (en) Motor fuel
US4955332A (en) Method of improving fuel combustion efficiency
EP1981954B1 (de) Vervendung zur verringerung der emissionen von dieselmotoren
FI75592B (fi) Dieselbraensle.
CN115287106B (zh) 一种用于压燃发动机的汽油类燃料
AU2005201102B2 (en) Advanced Vapour Phase Combustion
WO1981002744A1 (en) Gasoline and petroleum fuel supplements
JP4458405B2 (ja) 予混合圧縮自己着火式エンジン用燃料
Alternate Fuels Committee of the Engine Manufacturers Association A technical assessment of alcohol fuels
RU2723546C1 (ru) Альтернативное автомобильное топливо и способ его получения
EP0541547B1 (de) Neuer kohlenwasserstoff-brennstoff, methode zur herstellung und verwendung
KR100614468B1 (ko) 무연메틸시클로펜디에닐망간트리카보닐연료조성물
US2776262A (en) Knock-suppressing composition
Dabelstein et al. Fuel Composition and Engine Efficiency
KR810001417B1 (ko) 가솔린 첨가용 조연제
CN102127471A (zh) 醚基燃料
Taraba et al. The Use of Ethanol as an Unmixed Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20080801

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20081128

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 614412

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20130615

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602006036579

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20130725

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 614412

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20130529

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130929

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130830

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130909

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20130529

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130829

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602006036579

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20140201

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20140331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130731

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20140201

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130731

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20140303

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130725

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20130529

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130725

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20060725

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150725

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160725

PGRI Patent reinstated in contracting state [announced from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Effective date: 20180104

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20170718

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180725

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20230922

Year of fee payment: 18