EP1975345A2 - Foundation device for building elements to be anchored in the ground - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has an upper part (6), which is formed at the anchoring section (1) above the conical frame (3). The upper part has a working zone as location of the diameter (10) to the base of conical frame in an intersection plane (8) running through its longitudinal axis (7) outside large diameter (9). A gap (11) which can be filled is formed at the screw of fixing device by changing soil in the area between the zone of a large diameter and between soil (5) and wall of upper part. An independent claim is also included for a system for fixing of bars, posts, poles in the soil.

Description

The invention relates to Schraubfundamenteinrichtungen for anchoring in the ground components according to the preamble of claim 1 and Schraubfundamentsysteme according to the preamble of claim 28.

Foundation devices for anchoring components such as poles, posts for playground equipment, traffic signs, fences and similar lighter, but also for the founding of significantly heavier components to foundations for electricity pylons, bridge piers and the like, are known in varying degrees.

They have an anchoring section intended for anchoring them in the ground and a retaining or plug-in section serving for anchoring the component to them. The retaining or plug-in section can be molded into the anchoring section for insertion of the component or can be molded for insertion or attachment or for other attachment ,

There are such foundation devices in the form of impact foundations for driving into the ground or as Einschraubfundamente, which are also referred to as "ground anchor" and are screwed by hand or machine in the ground They can be made of steel, plastic or other materials subject of the present invention are only the mentioned screw-in foundations (ground dowels)

Such Einschraubfundamente as in the screwing down, or below and above, preferably consistently open sleeves They are screwed by means of a screw provided on their coat spiral into the ground ( DE 10 2004 059 632 A1 In this case, the screwing can be facilitated by the fact that the case penetrates into the interior of the sleeve soil is removed from the sleeve, thereby ensuring at the same time that the for the anchoring of the component about required space is not laid by penetrated soil.

Also known are sleeve-shaped Schraubfundamenteinrichtungen that are pointed downwards as for example conical, tapered or frustoconical closed hollow body with the help of a screw provided at their screwed into the soil your firm hold in the receiving soil is improved by the fact that they penetrate into the Soil this displace. The helix provides additional support in the soil.

Screw foundation devices, which are designed sleeve-like open down, generally provide a good grip in the soil their sleeve shape but also brings with it certain weaknesses that adversely affect especially in foundation facilities for high loads. Although their lateral stability is usually good Even against a nightly twisting they are relatively well secured But since they have a substantially constant axial cross-section with relatively small cross-sectional area, they can - for soft ground or very high support weights - u A movement in the axial direction, in particular the sinking in the soil, oppose too little resistance likewise their resistance against upwardly directed forces, thus for example against the wanton tearing out from the ground, be insufficient.

This disadvantage is reduced when the bottom screw is completely or partially conically tapering down, conical or frustoconical. Because this improves their firm hold by displacement of the soil and gives the foundation device at the same time a larger cross-sectional area, which counteracts a sinking in the soil.

In any case, the stability problems mentioned in such Schraubfundaments (ground dowels), even if they are designed as downwardly open sleeve-like body is reduced by the necessary for screwing helices increase the cross-sectional area of the foundation means and so at the same time hold in the ground after screwing improve, especially in the axial direction downward forces help intercept, but also upwardly directed forces oppose increased resistance, so complicate about a wanton tearing but also easing by wind pressure or vibration. The helical coils also counteract a subsequent wanton or involuntary twisting.

Overall, the illustrated stability problems with the described screw foundations so well controlled In fact, however, it turns out that this is not always so, it is quite true even with them to subsequent changes in position.

It is not just about changes in position due to violent tearing or due to a wrong choice (dimensioning) of the foundation or as a result of subsequent unfavorable changes in the relationship of foundation, soil and superimposed load (subsequent change in soil conditions, such as a subsequent greater soil moisture or greater than the originally intended support weight), which may, for example, result in a gradual sinking of the foundation device.

It has been shown that even with screw foundations that are laid properly and without a significant change in the decisive for their type and dimensioning parameters could be determined over time, a certain subsequent loosening may occur that they turn, for example, grow out of the ground or sink into it or turn into it.

This seems to be related to the fact that forces (wind, vibrations from passing motor vehicles) attack on the foundation or the component anchored therewith, which over time lead to a certain loosening of the foundation in the ground, a decrease in the frictional connection between the foundation and, in particular, also This causes a relative movement between soil and foundation possible, for example, in the manner of a tumbling motion of the coil on the surrounding soil, which opens in the long term in a rotational movement of the foundation relative to the ground.

This rotational movement is undesirable as such, because it will often cause an erroneous orientation of anchored to the foundation component in any case.

If the rotational movement - as usually - directed against the screwing of the Schraubfundaments, it also leads to an increased loosening of the foundation and its stop further reducing outgrowth from the earth. This is all the more true if such Schraubfundamente are at least partially conical For then every relaxation in the cone region of the screw foundation leads to a reduction of existing between ground and cone compound on the entire length of the cone region. In this case additionally the immigration (trickling in) of earth into the gap between cone and soil favors the upward movement and thus a further loosening. That is, that the previous altitude is lost and the hold between the cone and soil is deteriorating or even canceled.

In some cases, such as at particularly high bearing weights of the anchored component, it may also lead to a rotational movement of the screw in the opposite direction with the result of undesired further sinking, but in any case a likewise undesirable change in the orientation of the anchored component, which by appropriate measures counteract.

It is clear that each of the described subsequent changes in position associated with a rotary motion and is reinforced by them and just this rotational movement accelerates the loosening of the foundation in the ground and increased.

In all of the mentioned screw foundation facilities so the task is to reduce the risk of subsequent changes in height, side and orientation by simple, cost-effective measures, in particular without significant structural complexity or complex operations during installation or exclude.

The solution to this problem sees the present application in a support of the foundation facilities in the soil improving shape and or surface design.

In the case of the sleeve-shaped screw foundations open at the bottom, the present application provides a first solution for utilizing the clear width of the sleeve to give the foundation additional support in the ground, in particular to increase the cross-sectional area of the foundation to prevent sinking in the case of a large contact pressure ,

In the simplest design, this can be effected by providing a closure plug which, after anchoring the sleeve in the ground, can be inserted therethrough and pushed and / or non-rotatably anchored to its lower opening in the direction of the longitudinal axis is and closes this opening in the installed state. The cross-sectional area of the foundation device is thereby increased by the clear inner width of the sleeve, which brings a significant additional securing the ground sleeve against further penetration into the soil with it.

It is conceivable that the closure stopper is integrally formed with the sleeve and rotated after its screwing into the appropriate position, folded or placed in a similar manner in the sleeve opening and anchored there. Preferably, however, the stopper becomes formed in a structurally simple manner as a separate part, which is anchored after screwing the sleeve through the sleeve insertable in the lower opening.

In this case, the closure plug after installation at least in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the sleeve shear resistant to be connected to the sleeve to oppose by increasing the cross-sectional area of the foundation means their further sinking after their anchoring in the ground additional bearing surface. However, the closure stopper should preferably at the same time tensile strength and / or rotatably formed on the sleeve anchored to be able to oppose additional resistance to a subsequent rotation of the sleeve or its movement up out of the ground.

The closure plug may be a simple plate which is suitably secured in the lower opening of the sleeve, such as screwed. Much more advantageous, however, is a closure stopper in the form of an upwardly open pot with side walls and a bottom plate, in which the side walls are anchored as a sleeve-like extension of the bottom sleeve at its lower state in the installed state, while the bottom plate so the extended foundation device in the direction of installation closes below.

Such a design facilitates the insertion of the closure plug in the bottom sleeve, especially since the side walls can then act as a guide in the sleeve but above all created by the cup-shaped design of the closure plug on the side walls of space for the placement of means for shear-resistant and / or tensile and / or non-rotatable anchoring of the closure plug in the ground.

As such means for shear-resistant and / or tensile and / or non-rotatable anchoring in the ground come, for example, on the side walls radially encircling elastically deformable lamellae that deform when inserting the closure plug in the ground sleeve so that they rest against the inner walls and slide and so at the same time ensure a guide in the sleeve during insertion of the closure plug. After their passage through the sleeve, the slats can then unfold and can penetrate into the surrounding soil or be enclosed by this.

Since the closure plug is anchored in an appropriate manner to the bottom sleeve, he stabilizes them in addition, by extending them in the result down, by closing the clear width of the sleeve, the footprint of the foundation device as a whole increased and by the rotating lamellae further enlargement of the Contact surfaces to the soil causes, thereby additionally counteracting both any further sinking of the device as well as their wandering or tearing out of the ground.

Finally, the lamellae, when the closure plug with the foundation device in turn is rotatably connected, at the same time their non-rotatable mounting total and thus counteract a reverse rotational movement, which would bring a relaxation in the soil with it this applies all the more, as the lamellae in turn rotate radially and not helically, so that any rotation of the foundation means does not lead to any significant loosening of the plug in the soil, the plug does not follow in particular a screwing easily.

In this case, the torsional strength of the foundation device already improved by the lamellae as such, ie by their friction in the soil This effect can by a suitable, a rotational movement of the closure plug in the ground further counteracting, the resistance-increasing shape of the slats or the side walls of the closure -Stopfens itself, for example, be improved by interruptions in the slats or by a friction-increasing surface design.

The closure plug is in turn screwed or preferably hammered after the insertion or insertion of the sleeve. He can at the same time in the sleeve in their hauling or screwing penetrate soil displaced, thereby causing a further hardening of the soil around the lower portion of the ground socket and thus contribute to a further stabilization of the foundation device in the ground.

In order to further improve the non-rotatable anchoring of the foundation device, the bottom plate may additionally comprise means for the non-rotatable anchoring of the closure plug in the ground. These may for example consist in a cross-shaped extension of the bottom plate down.

This effect can be further enhanced if the bottom plate is formed with a downwardly facing in the direction of installation cone or truncated cone-shaped extension, which causes a lateral displacement of the soil and thus its solidification straight in the lateral direction.

In combination of these two measures, the bottom plate can also have a direction of installation substantially conical or frustoconical extension with means for rotationally fixed anchoring of the closure plug in the ground.

A further possibility according to the invention of reducing or eliminating the risk of subsequent changes in position of such foundation devices by simple, cost-effective measures and without significant additional structural complexity or complex additional work steps, the application in a corresponding aggravating or preventing the rotation of the foundation after its anchoring in the ground surface design.

How much surface design is required, whether it is sufficient in particular to design only partial areas of the foundation device or whether a broad-surface design is preferable, depends on the circumstances in each individual case. In any case, this is the whole surface of the screw foundation including the whole (upper or lower) surface of the helical available.

The surface design may have the form of elevations or depressions. It also has a combination of surveys and depressions into account surveys have the disadvantage that they complicate the screwing but they have the advantage that they unfold their full anti-rotation effect immediately depressions have the advantage that they do not inhibit screwing Disadvantage, that they also unfold their full anti-twisting effect only gradually as the soil and, above all, the fouling (roots) are embedded in them.

The elevations and / or depressions can be configured, for example, as tooth-like knurls running in the circumferential direction of the sleeve, possibly also the helical coil. However, they can also be designed, for example, as scales running in the circumferential direction.

In this case, the scales in cases in which a subsequent further tightening of the foundation device is to be prevented, circumferentially extending the screwing of the foundation be counteracting This certainly brings - as mentioned - when it comes to prominent scales, u. U certain difficulties when screwing the device with it, which may have to be taken into account.

Where, as in the normal case, the subsequent unscrewing of the foundation is to be impeded or prevented, the scales will be counteracting the unscrewing They then stand, even if they protrude from the surface, the screwing of the foundation device barely.

However, a suitable combination of both orientations may be considered.

The anti-twist device should be designed to be particularly effective if the scales are undercut, because then there root system and the like can anchor very well.

In order to prevent the advantages of the non-rotatable anchoring of the foundation device in the soil are nullified by the fact that the security against rotation between it and the component anchored thereto leaves something to be desired, the surface design can be continued into the area of the foundation device into which the This would be in a foundation device in which the component is plugged, the remote part of the outer shell of the foundation device If the insertion of the component into the sleeve of the foundation device comes into consideration, could also its inner surface to secure a tight clamping fit be designed according to the component to be anchored.

Another possibility according to the invention, the risk of subsequent changes in location such Schraubfundamenteinrichtungen by simple, cost-effective measures and without significant additional construction effort or complex additional steps to reduce or exclude the registration sees in a twisting of the foundation after its anchoring in the soil aggravating or preventing shaping of Anchoring section or, in a foundation system of a foundation device with an anchoring portion of appropriate shape and a corresponding filler.

Thereafter, in a Schraubfundamenteinrichtung in the form of a sleeve-like body having an anchoring of a component in the ground serving anchoring portion and the component receiving holding or plug portion, and wherein the anchoring portion as a displacement body formed with at least one conical region and at least over a part its upper part is provided with a helical screw for screwing into the soil, on the anchoring section above its conical area an upper part is formed, which in at least one cutting plane running through its longitudinal axis, at least outside, at least one zone of larger diameter than the diameter of the region acting as a clearing area Base of the conical region (which is the circular base of the cone), so that when screwing the foundation means by displacement of the soil in the region between the at least one zone of larger diameter and between the soil and the wall of the upper part at least one fillable gap is formed, can be reliably secured by the backfilling of the anchoring portion against subsequent rotation.

This embodiment is preferred over a hereinafter also claimed embodiment in which the cross section of the upper part of the anchoring portion has smaller dimensions than the (circular) cross section of the base of the conical region, for example because the upper part is polygonal in cross-section and the corners of the polygon In cross-section do not protrude beyond the diameter of the base of the conical area In such a form, when screwing into the soil, although one or more gaps between the soil and upper part also form .. However, thus formed column from the outset relatively small dimensions So you are if anything difficult to fill and a significant stabilizing effect is difficult to achieve with their backfilling If nevertheless a gap would be produced in effective dimensions would inevitably the cross-section of the upper part itself is reduced so that thereby stability Therefore, the upper part of the anchoring section preferably has at least one zone of larger diameter than the diameter of the (circular) base of the conical section.

The zone of larger diameter may be a bulge in the simplest embodiment over the length of a substantially cylindrical extension of the (circular) cone base of the conical region, which when driving the foundation device by displacing the soil an almost all-round fillable gap between the upper part of the anchoring portion and forms the soil.

However, in order to avoid problems with the centering of the foundation device during insertion and to improve the grip in the filling material, the upper part of the anchoring section will preferably have two or more zones of larger diameter distributed uniformly over its circumference. It will preferably be formed as a polygon, in which at least one of the edges, but preferably all edges lie in a zone of larger diameter. The polygon can, for example, have two opposite edges or be formed in cross-section triangular, rectangular, square or with a different number of edges Er can then form a corresponding plurality of fillable columns when screwing.

In accordance with asymmetrical guidance of the foundation device when screwing it can also be achieved that only one or a part of the edges comes to the effect of displacement and also here, despite vielkantiger training of the upper part, an almost all around running, sufficiently wide gap is formed In this case, the other edges do not work in the material displacement, but they improve the non-rotatable hold of the device after filling the filler.

In order to ensure a particularly good embedding of the polygon in the filling material, the sides of the polygon can be deformed inwards.

In order to counteract a reverse rotation of the foundation device particularly effective, at least one of the edges of the polygon can be sawtooth-deformed, preferably in counter to the insertion direction directed toothing.

In order to ensure a gradual transition from the action of the thread in the conical region to the displacement effect of the at least one zone of larger diameter when screwing, can be provided between the conical region and the upper part of the anchoring portion at least partially formed as a polygon transition region.

In order to allow a filling of the filling material after screwing in the foundation device even when the threads of the thread are pulled up to the top of the anchoring part, so close the screwing gap resulting when screwing up, the threads in the area between the zones of larger diameter Having passage openings for the filling of the filler to be introduced into the fillable gaps.

In order to be able to attach a component, such as a rod, posts, mast or the like to the fastening device as intended, a holding or plug-in portion or the like is required with a receptacle for the part to be fastened this holding or plugging portion can in the simplest case on the anchoring portion itself, but here - because the anchoring portion is completely submerged in use in the ground - only as an inner contour for insertion of the component (rod, post, masts or the like.) Be formed in the upper part of the anchoring portion.

But as a holding or plugging section can also be provided integrally connected to the upper part of the anchoring portion or connectable holding part, which - if it is designed as a separate component - can also be plugged into a correspondingly shaped receptacle of the upper part, screwed o The holding part can then in turn have a receptacle as an inner contour for insertion or as an outer contour for attaching the component.

The receptacle can be designed as an inner contour in its cross section, in particular the cross section of the outer contour, that is not only round, but also as polygonal (triangular, square, etc) for receiving a component with a corresponding cross section Then special designs of the wall, such as a deformation the sides of the polygon inside at the same time as storage means, for example, as a clamping means for the component to be stored can be used.

According to another embodiment, the cross-section of the upper part of the anchoring portion has at most the same maximum maximum dimensions as the (circular) cross-section of the base of the conical region, whereby recesses cause corresponding gaps between soil and upper part when screwed in. These foundation devices also have a sleeve-like body on, which in turn has an anchorage in the ground serving anchoring portion and a component receiving holding or plug-in portion. The anchoring portion is designed as a displacement body with at least one conical region with a circular cross-section and is provided at least over part of its length with a thread for screwing into the soil. Here, too, an upper part is formed on the anchoring section above the conical region, whose cross-section has at least two separate regions, which are retracted relative to the circular cross-section of the base of the conical region in the direction of the longitudinal axis. This causes the soil during the screwing of the foundation device is displaced by the conical region and thereby at least one fillable gap between the soil and the wall of the shell is formed at the retracted areas By filling these gaps, the anchoring portion is reliably secured against subsequent rotation.

In this context, the term drawn-in region should be understood to mean that, unlike the circular cross-section of the base of the conical region, ie the circular envelope, only certain regions in the form of noses, corners or protruding cam-like shapes are formed there, the remaining region, however, with respect to FIG Circular envelope is retracted, that is offset inward in the direction of the longitudinal axis, so that virtually one or more cavities arise in the ground. In the simplest case, a single nose on one side of the cross section may extend to the circular envelope, which is surrounded on both sides with retracted areas, which of course do not necessarily have to extend over half of the circumference, but for example, only over about a quarter of the circumference. In such a case, an asymmetrical profile would indeed arise, but such a profile could be important, for example, if, on the one hand, an anti-rotation device is used If, on the other hand, for example, wind pressure is to be absorbed on a device fastened in the fastening device of primarily one side.

The invention further relates to a foundation system for fastening components, in particular of rods, posts, masts or the like in the ground, consisting of an anchorage in the ground serving foundation device according to claims 17 to 27 and a filler for filling the screwing in the foundation device resulting fillable columns.

The filling material used depends on the type of pending substrate, the static requirements for the device, its dimensioning and the nature of the material. Suitable filling materials are, in particular, concrete or granular materials of uniform or different grain size, in particular sand or split, optionally with addition can be used by the PH value changing substances.

In this case, concrete as a more elaborate filling material with a suitable substrate ensures a particularly secure anchoring. With lower requirements for solidification but also the filling of sand o ä, depending on availability, sufficient split is recommended, especially for medium requirements, because it is inexpensive, easy to access and easy to handle and by its good flowability a simple post consolidation of the environment Due to its structure, it creates, in particular in connection with the shaping of the anchoring section, by wedging a very good protection against undesired subsequent twisting, in particular a reverse rotation of the screwed device He also contributes to the corrosion protection of the foundation device, because he the PH value in the environment of the device in the soil favorably influenced, so that in itself possible additions to the PH value changing substances to the filler are usually unnecessary.

• Figur 1: eine erfindungsgemäße Schraubfundamenteinrichtung, bestehend aus einer Schraubhülse und einem daran verankerten Verschluss-Stopfen mit elastisch verformbaren Lamellen.
• Figur 2: eine erfindungsgemäße Schraubfundamenteinrichtung, bestehend aus einer teilweise konisch gestalteten Schraubhülse und einem daran verankerten Verschluss-Stopfen mit elastisch verformbaren, unterbrochenen Lamellen.
• Figur 3: ein Detail einer erfindungsgemäße Schraubfundamenteinrichtung, bestehend aus einer in ihrem unteren Ende dargestellten Schraubhülse und darin mit Hilfe verformbarer Lammellen geführtem topfförmigen Verschluss-Stopfen mit weiteren elastisch verformbaren Lamellen.
• Figur 4: ein Detail einer erfindungsgemäßen Schraubfundamenteinrichtung, bestehend aus einer in ihrem unteren Ende dargestellten Bodenhülse und darin endseitig verrastetem topfförmigen Verschluss-Stopfen mit elastisch verformbaren Lamellen.
• Figur 5a: einen topfförmigen Verschluss-Stopfen mit umlaufenden elastischen Lamellen in perspektivischer Darstellung.
• Figur 5b: den topfförmigen Verschluss-Stopfen nach Figur 5a in Schnittdarstellung.
• Figur 6a: einen topfförmigen Verschluss-Stopfen mit umlaufenden elastischen Lamellen und Rasteinrichtung in perspektivischer Darstellung.
• Figur 6b: den topfförmigen Verschluss-Stopfen nach Figur 6a in Schnittdarstellung.
• Figur 7a: einen topfförmigen Verschluss-Stopfen mit Rasteinrichtung und umlaufenden, unterbrochenen elastischen Lamellen in perspektivischer Darstellung.
• Figur 7b: den topfförmigen Verschluss-Stopfen nach Figur 7a in Schnittdarstellung.
• Figur 8: ein Detail einer erfindungsgemäßen Schraubfundamenteinrichtung, bestehend aus einer in ihrem unteren Ende dargestellten Einschraubhülse mit umlaufender Schraubwendel und darin endseitig verankertem topfförmigen Verschluss-Stopfen mit elastisch verformbaren Lamellen und kreuzförmiger kegel- oder kegelstumpfförmiger Verlängerung der Bodenplatte.
• Figur 9a: den topfförmigen Verschluss-Stopfen nach Figur 8 mit Mittel zur drehfesten Verankerung an der Bodenhülse.
• Figur 9b: die Einschraubhülse nach Figur 8 mit Mitteln zur drehfesten Verankerung des Verschluss-Stopfens.
• Figur 10a: eine Schraubfundamenteinrichtung als konusförmiges, unten geschlossenes Schraubfundament mit Schraubwendel und einer Oberflächengestaltung in Form einer in Umfangsrichtung verlaufenden zahnartigen Rändelung.
• Figur 10b: einen vergrößerten Schnitt durch die zahnartige Rändelung gemäß Figur 10a.
• Figur 11: eine Schraubfundamenteinrichtung als konusförmiges Schraubfundament mit Schraubwendel und einer Oberflächengestaltung in Form in Umfangsrichtung verlaufender Schuppen.
• Figur 12a: eine Schraubfundamenteinrichtung als oben und unten offenes Schraubfundament mit einer Oberflächengestaltung in Form im Umfangsrichtung verlaufender Schuppen.
• Figur 12b: einen Schnitt durch das Schraubfundament nach Figur 12a an der Linie A/A.
• Figur 12c: ein vergrößertes Detail des Schnitts nach Figur 12b.
• Figur 13a: eine Schraubfundamenteinrichtung als oben und unten offenes Schraubfundament mit Schraubwendel und einer Oberflächengestaltung in Form in Umfangsrichtung verlaufender, hinterschnittener Schuppen.
• Figur 13b: einen Schnitt durch das Schraubfundament nach Figur 13a an der Linie B/B.
• Figur 13c: ein vergrößertes Detail des Schnitts nach Figur 13b.
• Figur 14: eine erfindungsgemäße Schraubfundamenteinrichtung mit Verankerungsabschnitt und Halte- oder Steckabschnitt in ihrer Positionierung im Erdreich.
• Figur 15 a - f: verschiedene Gestaltungen erfindungsgemäßer Verankerungsabschnitte.
• Figur 16 a - e: verschiedene Querschnitte durch verschiedene erfindungsgemäße Gestaltungen von Oberteilen von Verankerungsabschnitten
• Figur 17: eine Befestigungsvorrichtung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the embodiments according to the drawings

• FIG. 1 a screw foundation device according to the invention, consisting of a screw sleeve and a closure stopper anchored thereto with elastically deformable lamellae.
• FIG. 2 a screw foundation device according to the invention, consisting of a partially conically shaped screw sleeve and a closure stopper anchored thereto with elastically deformable, interrupted lamellae.
• FIG. 3 : A detail of a screw foundation device according to the invention, consisting of a screw sleeve shown in its lower end and guided therein by means of deformable Lammellen cup-shaped closure plug with other elastically deformable blades.
• FIG. 4 : A detail of a screw foundation device according to the invention, consisting of a bottom sleeve shown in its lower end and therein latched cup-shaped closure stopper with elastically deformable lamellae.
• FIG. 5a : a pot-shaped closure plug with circumferential elastic slats in perspective view.
• FIG. 5b : the cup-shaped stopper after FIG. 5a in section.
• FIG. 6a : A pot-shaped closure plug with circumferential elastic slats and locking device in perspective view.
• FIG. 6b : the cup-shaped stopper after FIG. 6a in section.
• Figure 7a : a pot-shaped closure stopper with locking device and circumferential, interrupted elastic slats in perspective view.
• FIG. 7b : the cup-shaped stopper after Figure 7a in section.
• FIG. 8 : A detail of a screw foundation according to the invention, consisting of a screw-in sleeve shown at its lower end with encircling helix and therein end-anchored pot-shaped closure plug with elastically deformable lamellae and cruciform cone or truncated cone-shaped extension of the bottom plate.
• FIG. 9a : the cup-shaped stopper after FIG. 8 with means for non-rotatable anchoring to the ground socket.
• FIG. 9b : the screw-in sleeve after FIG. 8 with means for non-rotatable anchoring of the closure plug.
• FIG. 10a : a Schraubfundamenteinrichtung as a cone-shaped, bottom closed Schraubfundament with helical and a surface design in the form of a circumferentially extending tooth-like knurling.
• FIG. 10b an enlarged section through the tooth-like knurling according to FIG. 10a ,
• FIG. 11 : a Schraubfundamenteinrichtung as a cone-shaped Schraubfundament with helical and a surface design in the form of circumferentially extending scales.
• FIG. 12a : a Schraubfundamenteinrichtung as top and bottom open Schraubfundament with a surface configuration in the form of circumferentially extending scales.
• FIG. 12b : a section through the screw foundation after FIG. 12a on the line A / A.
• FIG. 12c : an enlarged detail of the section behind FIG. 12b ,
• FIG. 13a : a Schraubfundamenteinrichtung as top and bottom open Schraubfundament with helical and a surface design in the form of circumferentially extending, undercut scales.
• FIG. 13b : a section through the screw foundation after FIG. 13a on the line B / B.
• FIG. 13c : an enlarged detail of the section behind FIG. 13b ,
• FIG. 14 : An inventive Schraubfundamenteinrichtung with anchoring portion and holding or plug-in section in its positioning in the ground.
• FIG. 15 a - f: various designs of anchoring sections according to the invention.
• FIG. 16 a - e: different cross sections through different inventive designs of upper parts of anchoring sections
• FIG. 17 A fastening device according to a second embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a foundation device 1 according to the invention, consisting on the one hand of a sleeve 2 open on both sides circular cross-section as a screw with rotating helical and on the other hand of a cup-shaped closure plug 3, which is locked with its side wall 6 in the form of a sleeve-like extension of the sleeve 2 with this and elastic deformable circumferential lamellae 8 has.

FIG. 2 shows a foundation device 1 according to the invention, the device according to FIG. 1 is similar, but in which the threaded sleeve has a partially conical cross-section and which are formed on the closure plug 3 encircling, elastically deformable blades 8 interrupted.

FIG. 3 shows a detail of a foundation device 1 according to the invention, consisting of a screw shown in its lower end 2 with indicated helical coil 14 and in the lower opening 4 by means of deformable Lammellen 8 guided pot-shaped closure plug 3 with side wall 6 with further elastically deformable blades 8 and a Bottom plate 7.

FIG. 4 shows a detail of a foundation device 1 according to the invention, consisting of a sleeve 2 shown in its lower end with latched in the lower opening 4 of the sleeve 2 pot-shaped closure plug 3 with side wall 6 and radially thereabout elastically deformable fins 8 and bottom plate. 7

FIG. 5a shows a cup-shaped closure plug 3 with side wall 6, radially surrounding elastically deformable blades 8 and bottom plate 7 in a perspective view.

FIG. 5b : shows the pot-shaped closure plug 3 after FIG. 5a in section

FIG. 6a shows a cup-shaped closure plug 3 with side wall 6 with circumferential elastic lamellae 8 and bottom plate 7 and with a latching device for locking the closure plug 3 with the sleeve 2 in a perspective view.

FIG. 6b shows the pot-shaped closure plug 3 after FIG. 6a in section.

Figure 7a shows a cup-shaped closure plug 3 with side wall 6 with circumferential, but interrupted elastic blades 8 and bottom 7 and with a latching device for locking the closure plug 3 with the sleeve 2 in a perspective view

FIG. 7b shows the pot-shaped closure plug 3 after Figure 7a in section.

FIG. 8 shows a detail of a foundation device 1 according to the invention, consisting of a bottom sleeve 2 shown in its lower end as Einschraubhülse with rotating helix and end anchored cup-shaped closure plug 3 with side wall 6, elastically deformable blades 8 and bottom plate 7 with a cruciform or frustoconical cone-shaped extension 10, 11.

FIG. 9a shows the pot-shaped closure plug 3 after FIG. 8 with means for non-rotatable anchoring to the ground socket.

FIG. 9b shows the screw-in sleeve FIG. 8 with means for non-rotatable anchoring of the closure plug. 3

FIG. 10a shows a foundation device 1 as a conical, bottom closed Schraubfundament 13 with helical coil 14 and a surface design in the form of a circumferential tooth-like knurling 15th

FIG. 10b shows an enlarged section through the tooth-like knurling 15 according to FIG. 10a

FIG. 11 shows a foundation device 1 as a cone-shaped screw foundation 13 with helical coil 14 and a surface configuration in the form of circumferentially extending scales 16th

FIG. 12a shows a foundation device 1 as a top and bottom open Schraubfundament 13 with a surface configuration in the form of circumferentially extending scales 16th

FIG. 12b shows a section through the screw foundation 13 after FIG. 12a on the line A / A

FIG. 12c shows an enlarged detail of the section FIG. 12b ,

FIG. 13a shows a foundation device 1 as above and below open Schraubfundament 13 with helical coil 14 and a surface configuration in the form of circumferentially extending, undercut scales 17th

FIG. 13b shows a section through the screw foundation 13 after FIG. 13a on the line B / B.

FIG. 13c shows an enlarged detail of the section FIG. 13b ,

FIG. 14 shows the spatial, partially cutaway view of a foundation device 1 according to the invention after its screwing into the soil 21. The foundation device in the form of a sleeve-like body 2 consists of a designed as a displacement body anchoring portion 18 and a holding or plugging portion 19 of the anchoring portion 18 has a conical region 20 with helical screw 14 for screwing into the soil 21, a transition region 29 between the conical portion 20 and upper part 22 and an upper part 22 of the anchoring portion 18 and a molded or attached or plugged this holding part 19, 32 with a receptacle 34. Alternatively, as Part 19, 32 shown above part can also be interpreted as inserted in a receptacle 34 of the anchoring portion 18 rod, mast, posts or the like.

The upper part 22 of the anchoring section 18, which is arranged above the conical region 20, has, as the holding part 19, 32 attached to it, a square cross-section, therefore, as also shown on the holding part 19, 32, in at least one, in fact but in two extending through its longitudinal axis 5 cutting planes 23, namely in the diagonal, zones larger diameter 24 than the diameter 25 of the base of the conical portion 20 By screwing the anchoring portion 18 in the soil 21 are in the range of - here in cross section square - Upper part 22 of the anchoring portion 18 produced by displacement generated fillable gaps 26, which are filled with filler 30.

FIGS. 15 a - f show spatial representations of various anchoring sections 18 according to the invention.

FIG. 15 "Figure a shows an anchoring portion 18 with upper portion 22 of anchoring portion 18 disposed above the conical portion 20 provided with helical coil 14 as a double edge and with a section plane 23 passing through a longitudinal axis 5 and the two edges forming a zone 24 of larger diameter than the diameter 25 of the base of the conical region 20 forms

FIG. 15b shows an anchoring portion 18 with above the screw head 14 equipped with conical portion 20 arranged upper part 22 of the anchoring portion 18 in the form of a cylinder-like tube with four edges 27 a - d (see also FIG. 16d ), Saw-tooth-like formations in cross-section and with a cutting plane 23 extending through a longitudinal axis 5 defining one of two zones (formed by the two diagonals through the saw-toothed formations) of larger diameter 24 than the diameter 25 of the base of the conical zone 20 and a transitional zone 29 between conical portion 20 and upper part 22 of the anchoring portion 18th

FIG. 15c shows an anchoring portion 18 with above the screw head 14 equipped with conical portion 20 arranged upper part 22 of the anchoring portion 18 as a square 27 a - d (see also FIG. 16b ) with inwardly deformed sides of the square and with a cutting plane 23 passing through a longitudinal axis 5 of the anchoring section 18 defining one of two zones (formed by the two diagonals) of larger diameter 24 than the diameter 25 of the base of the conical zone 20, and a transition region 29 between conical region 20 and upper part 22 of the anchoring section 18

FIG. 15d shows a similar design, but without inwardly deformed sides of the square.

FIG. 15e shows an anchoring portion 18 with above the screw head 14 equipped with conical portion 20 arranged upper part 22 of the anchoring portion 18 as a square 27 a - d (see FIG. 16b ) and with a cutting plane 23 extending through a longitudinal axis 5 defining one of two zones (formed by the two diagonals) of larger diameter 24 than the diameter of the base 25 of the conical zone 20 and a transition zone 29 between the conical zone 20 and the upper part 22 the anchoring portion 18. The helical coil 14 extends here into the transition region 29 between the conical region 20 and top 22 of the anchoring portion 18th

FIG. 15f shows an anchoring portion 18 similar to that FIG. 15a in which the threads of the helical spiral 14 extend up into the transition region 29.

FIG. 16 a - e show different cross sections through different upper parts 22 of anchoring sections 18, each with the circular indication of the envelope 33, which at the same time indicates the state of the displaced earth 21 in the region of the upper part 22 of the anchoring section 18 after screwing in the anchoring section 18.

FIG. 16 a shows the state after screwing in an anchoring section 18 with a triangular upper part 22 of the anchoring section 18 with edge regions 27 a, b, longitudinal axis 5 and through them and by edges 27a and 27b extending, a zone 24 of larger diameter forming cutting plane 23 Shown are also formed by screwing the anchoring portion 18 in the region of its upper part 22 filler column 26th

FIG. 16b shows the state after screwing in an anchoring portion 18 with square top 22 with edge portions 27 a - d, longitudinal axis 5 and through them and two edges 27 a and 27 c and 27 b and 27 d extending, two zones 24 of larger diameter forming cutting planes 23. Also shown are the fillable gaps 26 formed by screwing in the region of the upper part 22 of the anchoring section 18 and the filler material 30 shown here in only one gap segment. The representation here is chosen to be axisymmetric, so that all four edges to the same extent Ground 21 displace when screwing in the anchoring portion 18 and the same round, by the dimensions of the upper part 22 from each other largely separate fillable gaps 26 arise. It is understood that - if desired - by appropriate displacement of the longitudinal axis 5 of the anchoring part 18, the number of displacing acting edges 27 can be reduced to two or even one.

FIG. 16c shows much the same as FIG. 16b However, the side walls of the polygon 27 are here - similar to in FIG. 15c shown - deformed inwards.

FIG. 16d shows the state after screwing the anchoring portion 18 with upper part 22 according to FIG. 15b with sawtooth edge portions 27 a - d, longitudinal axis 5 and through them and two sawtooth edges 27 a and 27 c and 27 b and 27 d extending, two zones 24 of larger diameter forming cutting planes 23 are shown by the screwing in the area Upper part 22 of the anchoring section 18 formed fillable column 26, the representation here is also chosen axisymmetric, so that all four edges 27 a - d displace the soil 21 to the same extent and all around, by the dimensions of the upper part 22 from each other largely separate fillable gaps 26 arise , It is understood that - if desired - by appropriate displacement of the longitudinal axis 5, the number of displacing acting edges 27 can be reduced to two or even one.

FIG. 16e finally shows the state after screwing in an anchoring portion 18 with two-edge upper part 22 according to FIG. 15a in which the helical coil 14 is guided into the upper part 22 and in the threads of the helical coils in the region of the upper part 22 - in the region in which fillable gaps 26 are formed when screwing in - passage openings 31 for the filling material 30 are formed.

FIG. 17 shows a foundation device 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention. The fundameneinrichtung according to this embodiment has analogously to FIG. 16e a triangle with a nose-like tip 27 a and another 27 b on. In contrast to FIG. 16e In this embodiment, the maximum diameter of this cross-sectional profile is equal to the diameter 25, which characterizes the circular cross-section of the base of the conical displacement body This characterized by the diameter 25 maximum diameter of the displacement section encloses the Zweieckform 27 a, 27 b and leaves with respect to the envelopes the retracted areas 35, 36. When such a foundation device 1 is screwed into the soil, these retracted areas 35, 36 remain free and form gaps to the surrounding soil 21, which can be filled with filler 30, whereby a security against rotation and a better holding force in terms of Anchoring in the soil 21 is achieved Analogous to FIG. 16e the helical coil 14 is shown in plan view and identified by reference numeral 14.

By the two-edge or as a cross-section 27 a, 27 b formed cross-section, the two retracted areas 35, 36 are separated. The cross section of an embodiment according to FIG. 17 However, it can vary and be designed such that in the sense of Einckes only such a cam-shaped projection 27 a is present. Then, a single, almost completely recessed retracted area 35 would be formed. In a larger number of corners correspondingly more retracted areas 35, 36, etc. are present and form column 26 for filling between the surrounding soil 21 and the surface of the retracted upper part 22 of the foundation device first

Reference numerals:

1

Screw foundation device (foundation device)

2

Sleeve (sleeve-like body)

3

Stoppers

4

Lower opening

5

Longitudinal axis of the sleeve

6

Sidewall of the closure plug

7

Base plate of the closure plug

8th

Elastic deformable lamella

9

Interruption of the lamella

10

Means for non-rotatable anchoring of the closure plug in the ground

11

Conical or frusto-conical extension of the base plate

12

Elevations and depressions

13

Screw foundation (ground dowel)

14

helix

15

tooth-like knurling

16

circulating scales

17

undercut scales

18

anchoring section

19

Holding or plug-in section

20

Conical area

21

soil

22

Upper part of the anchoring section

23

cutting plane

24

Zones of larger diameter

25

Diameter of the circular base of the conical area

26

Filler gap

27 a - d)

polyhedron

28

Edges of the polygon

29

Transition region between conical region (20) and upper part (22)

30

filling material

31

Passage openings

32

holding part

33

envelope

34

admission

35

retracted area

36

retracted area

Claims (29)

Screw foundation device (1) for anchoring in the ground components characterized by a shape and / or surface design that impedes or prevents a change in their position after their anchoring in the ground. Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 1, consisting of a screwed in the ground, open sleeve (2) and a closure plug (3) after screwing the sleeve (2) in the soil through the insertable through at its lower opening (4) in Direction of its longitudinal axis (5) thrust and / or tensile and / or rotatable anchored. Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the closure plug (3) side walls (6) and a bottom plate (7), wherein the side walls (6) as a sleeve-like extension of the sleeve (2) at the lower in the installed state Opening (4) can be anchored while the bottom plate (7) closes the thus extended foundation (1) in the direction of installation below. Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the closure plug (3) comprises means for shear-resistant and / or tensile and / or non-rotatable anchoring in the ground. Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for shear-resistant and / or tensile and / or rotationally fixed anchoring of at least one on the side walls (6) encircling elastically deformable blade (8). Schraubfundamenteinrichtung (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one deformable lamella (8) to improve the rotationally fixed anchoring interruptions (9). Screw foundation device (1) according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the bottom plate (7) has means (10) for non-rotatable anchoring of the closure plug (3) in the soil. Screw foundation device (1) according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the bottom plate (7) has a cone in the direction of installation or truncated cone-shaped extension (11). Schraubfundamenteinrichtung (1) according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the bottom plate (7) in the installation direction substantially conical or frusto-conical extension (11) with means (10) for non-rotatable anchoring of the closure plug (3) in Soil. Screw foundation device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a subsequent rotation of the device in the soil aggravating or preventing surface design (2) in the form of elevations and / or depressions (12). Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the surface of the sleeve (2) and / or the helical coil (14) have the elevations and depressions (12). Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the elevations and / or depressions (12) in the circumferential direction of the sleeve (2) and / or the helical coil (14) extending tooth-like knurling (15) are designed. Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the elevations and / or depressions as in the circumferential direction of the sleeve (2) and / or the helical coil (14) extending scales (16) are designed. Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the flakes (16) extending in the circumferential direction are aligned counteracting the screwing and / or the turning out of the foundation device (1). Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by undercut scales (17). Screw foundation device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its surface in the region in which the component is to be anchored to it, has a surface design which makes it difficult or prevent twisting of the component relative to the foundation device (1). A screw foundation device (1) according to any one of claims 1 and 10 to 16, in the form of a sleeve-like body (2) having an anchoring portion (18) for anchoring a component in the ground and a holding or plugging portion (19) receiving the component, wherein the anchoring portion (18) is designed as a displacement body with at least one conical region (20) and at least over a part of its length with a helical coil (14) for screwing into the soil (21), characterized in that at the anchoring portion (18 ) an upper part (22) is formed above the conical region (20), wherein at least one zone of larger diameter (24) than the diameter (25) acts on the outside in at least one cutting plane (23) extending through its longitudinal axis (5). the base of the conical portion (20) is provided so that when screwing the foundation means (1) by displacement of Erdrei Chs (21) in the region between the at least one zone of larger diameter (24) and between soil (21) and wall of the upper part (22) at least one fillable gap (26) is formed, by filling the anchoring portion (18) reliably against subsequent Twisting is secured. Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 17, characterized in that the upper part (22) of the anchoring portion (18) is formed as a polygon (27) and at least one of the edges (28) in a zone of larger diameter (24). Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the upper part (22) of the anchoring section (98) is designed as a triangular edge (27a-c). Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the upper part (22) of the anchoring section (18) is designed as a polygon (27a-d) with a rectangular cross-section. Screw foundation device (1) according to claim 20, characterized in that the upper part (22) of the anchoring section (18) is designed as a polygon (27a-d) with a square cross-section. Screw foundation device (1) according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that the sides of the polygon (27) are deformed inwards. Screw foundation device (1) according to one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that at least one of the edges (28) of the polygon (27) is deformed in a sawtooth manner counter to the insertion direction. Screw foundation device (1) according to any one of claims 18 to 23, characterized in that between the conical region (20) and the upper part (22) of the anchoring portion (18) at least partially designed as a polygonal transition region (29) is provided. Screw foundation device (1) according to any one of claims 17 to 24, characterized in that the threads of the helical coil (14) in the region between the zones of larger diameter (24) passage openings (31) for filling the filling material to be introduced into the fillable gaps (26) (30). Screw foundation device (1) according to any one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that the holding or plug-in portion (19) as an inner contour for insertion of the component in the upper part (22) of the anchoring portion (18) or in one with the upper part (22). integrally connected or connectable holding part (32) or as an outer contour for mounting the component on the holding part (32) is formed. A screw foundation device (1) according to any one of claims 1 and 10 to 16 in the form of a sleeve-like body (2) having an anchoring portion (18) for anchoring in the ground and a holding or plug portion (19) receiving the component, the anchoring portion (18) is designed as a displacement body having at least one conical region (20) with a circular cross-section and at least over a part of its length with a helical coil (14) for screwing into the soil (21), characterized in that at the anchoring portion (18 ) is formed above the conical region (20) has a longitudinal axis (5) having top part (22) whose cross section at least two separate regions (35, 36), which compared to the circular cross section of the base of the conical region (20) in Direction to the longitudinal axis (2) are retracted such that when screwing the fastening device through Displacement of the soil (21) through the conical region (20) between soil (21) and wall of the upper part (22) at least two available gaps (26) at the retracted areas (35, 36) are formed by their backfilling the anchoring portion (18) is reliably secured against subsequent rotation. Screw foundation system for fixing components in the ground, consisting of an anchoring in the ground (21) serving, screw-in foundation device (1) according to any one of claims 1 and 17 to 27 and a filler material (30) for filling the resulting when screwing the foundation means Fusible columns (26). Screw foundation system according to claim 28, characterized in that as filling material (30) concrete or granular materials of uniform or different grain size, in particular split, optionally with the addition of pH-changing substances, are used.

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