EP0590367A1 - Anchor to be driven into the ground - Google Patents

Abstract

A dowel (1) for anchoring bar-shaped objects near to the ground surface is configured as a displacement body by virtue of a shape which is tapered conically in the driving-in direction, and of its large volume with respect to the volume, enclosed by said dowel (1), of the large-volume object which is to be anchored. The dowel (1) is configured essentially in the form of a ring in cross-section and exhibits two portions (3, 4) provided with different tapering angles. Grooves (10) which follow the longitudinal extent of the dowel (1) are provided in the circumference thereof. The object which is to be anchored in the ground can be introduced into a channel (8) serving as a receiving cavity. Starting from the front delimitation (9) of the dowel (1), an anchoring bar, which may optionally be an anchoring tube or the very object which is to be anchored, extends deeper, in the driving-in direction, into the ground. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a ground anchor that can be driven into the ground for anchoring rod-shaped objects, such as anchoring pipes, posts or masts, in the area near the top edge of the terrain with an axially arranged receiving cavity for receiving the object to be anchored and with a section tapered in the driving-in direction, the foremost in the driving-in direction The outer diameter of the tapered section essentially corresponds to the diameter of an anchoring rod which extends deeper into the ground and which interacts with the floor dowel.

Such a floor anchor is known from FR-A 2 290 552. This consists essentially of a thin-walled, cylindrical metal sleeve for receiving the object to be anchored, on the outside of which at least two thin-plate, trapezoidal wings are welded to increase the anchoring stability against tensile and rotational forces. The front section of the sleeve in the driving-in direction is tapered in a conical manner and opens into a steel mandrel starting from the floor dowel and reaching deeper into the ground and serving as anchoring rod. The steel mandrel is firmly connected to the floor anchor.

The object to be anchored itself is not in direct contact with the ground, so that this method of anchoring is referred to below as indirect anchoring.

Even if floor anchors with wing stabilizers can be used satisfactorily in floors with a relatively fine-grained, homogeneous nature, insertion into poorly sorted floors containing coarse fractions or roots is not possible or only possible to a limited extent. When the wings are cut into the ground, they are dented or bent on their lower edge when they encounter obstacles that cannot be displaced or cut. This can increase the driving resistance on individual wings unevenly, so that a further vertical driving in of the ground dowel or a uniform anchoring of the wings in the ground is not guaranteed. It is often even impossible to collect them again.

Driving the floor anchor into harder floors is only possible with the help of an additional setting tool, since otherwise the thin-walled sleeve area in the driving direction bulges. Subsequent insertion of the rod-shaped object is, however, hindered by this.

In addition, depending on the arrangement of the wings, the floor anchor has unequal anchoring stabilities with respect to horizontally acting forces acting from different directions.

From WO 87/02734 a further floor plug is known for the indirect anchoring of rod-shaped objects in the ground. The floor plug essentially consists of an anchoring tube, on the rear end of which in the driving direction is arranged an anchoring pot which is open in the driving direction. The diameter of the outer circumferential cup wall is larger than the diameter of the axially arranged anchoring tube.

The bottom of the pot is designed to be sufficiently stable so that both the anchoring tube and the pot can be driven into the ground by blows struck on the bottom.

By inserting the outer wall that cuts into the ground, the anchoring pipe can be loaded equally horizontally in all directions. However, since the wall is only cut into the top, relatively loose, bottom layer that does not take up high ground pressure, these floor layers break out at higher loads acting horizontally on the floor plug, so that a secure and permanent anchoring cannot be achieved. If the floor anchor is subjected to torsional forces, an additional anti-rotation lock is necessary.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a floor dowel which can be driven into a multiplicity of different floor types using simple means and which ensures secure, permanent anchoring of a rod-shaped object held by the latter in the area near the top edge.

This object is achieved in that the rear, larger outer diameter of the floor anchor in the driving direction is several times larger than the diameter of the rod-shaped object to be anchored and that the volume enclosed by the outer lateral surface of the floor anchor is a multiple of the volume enclosed by the floor anchor Object corresponds.

Since the floor dowel is designed as a preferably annular, cartridge-like displacement body that tapers conically in the driving-in direction, its largest Outside diameter corresponds to a multiple of the diameter of an object inserted into the receiving cavity, the anchoring surface of the object to be anchored, held by the floor dowel, is considerably increased compared to forces acting from any direction. The object anchored in this way is characterized by a high level of stability. Due to the conical taper, the floor anchor can also be driven into poorly sorted floors, since obstacles in the floor are pushed sideways away from the floor anchor. These then even have anchoring stabilizing effect.

When driving into the ground, the floor plug displaces a multiple of the volume of the rod-shaped object enclosed by the floor plug and compresses it in the area adjacent to the floor plug, so that the floor plug is inserted on all sides in a floor that receives a high pressure.

Since the outer lateral surface is arranged at a corresponding radial distance from the receiving cavity, the rear end face of the floor plug in the driving-in direction can be used as an anvil surface, so that the floor plug can be driven into the ground without damage without the aid of an additional setting tool.

In a particularly preferred exemplary embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the floor anchor increases from its front boundary in the driving direction essentially over its entire length intended for driving into the ground. When driving in the ground plug, soil material is displaced on all sides in the entire conically tapered area, so that the ground plug is therefore at all times when driven in is in direct contact with compacted soil material that absorbs high soil pressure. The frictional engagement formed in this way between the surface surface of the ground anchor driven into the ground and the surrounding ground ensures permanent and non-rotatable ground binding of the ground plug as well as favorable introduction of force into the surrounding ground. Thanks to its conical shape, the floor plug can be anchored again in a wedge-like manner in the enlarged setting hole after a possible enlargement of the set hole, for example after extreme floor drying, by driving it in slightly deeper.

The receiving cavity is designed as a channel that axially traverses the floor plug and is open on both sides. The front end of the object to be anchored in the driving direction extends deeper into the ground than the front boundary of the ground anchor. The floor dowel surrounds the object to be anchored in its area near the top edge of the terrain, so that the rod-shaped object simultaneously represents the anchoring rod. Optionally, a rod-shaped object is directly attached to the floor plug, the section of the article which passes through the floor plug and extends deeper into the ground then constitutes the anchoring rod, or can be anchored indirectly in the ground, in which case, for example, an anchoring pipe is fixed directly by the floor plug.

It is expedient to equip the floor anchor with two different taper angles, the front section in the driving-in direction having the larger taper angle.

In a further preferred exemplary embodiment, grooves are introduced circumferentially into the floor dowel following the longitudinal extent thereof. The grooves are notch-shaped, the deepest of the grooves having an increasingly greater radial distance from the longitudinal axis of the floor anchor, starting from its front end in the driving-in direction. Providing the grooves increases the surface area of the ground anchor in contact with the ground. In addition, certain groove flanks formed by the grooves represent essentially orthogonal surfaces with respect to acting horizontal forces, which additionally increase the anchoring stability.

In a further preferred exemplary embodiment, guide slots are introduced circumferentially into the floor dowel following the longitudinal axis thereof, into which plate-like anchoring ribs can be inserted. Particularly in floors with high soil moisture or in soils that are subject to high levels of moisture, which are also subject to frequent frost-thaw changes, it is advantageous to additionally equip the floor dowel with such anchoring ribs.

In order to hang the anchoring ribs in a floor plug manufactured as a solid body, a fastening sleeve is provided in the area of its front section, which has circumferential hanging slots corresponding to the arrangement of the guide slots. The suspension slots are in engagement with a gripper hook located on each anchoring rib and pointing against the driving direction. In the rear area of the floor anchor, the anchoring ribs can be suspended in a recessed fastening ring using conically tapered clamping nipples.

The floor plug is expediently producible from an easily machinable material, for example from wood, or also from recycling materials, for example from plastic granulate or from shredded motor vehicle tires.

The floor dowel can also be manufactured as a hollow body, which in a steel version is preferably composed of three components, namely a rear anvil part, a front hollow tip and a sleeve connecting the anvil part and the hollow tip. The object to be anchored is held by an opening made axially in the anvil part and in the hollow tip.

Fig. 1

einen Bodendübel gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel zum Verankern von stabförmigen Gegenständen in perspektivischer Ansicht,

Fig. 2

einen verkleinerten Querschnitt durch den Bodendübel entlang der Linie II-II der Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Schutzkappe zum Aufsetzen auf das in Eintreibrichtung hintere Ende des Bodendübels in einer vergrößerten perspektivischer Ansicht,

Fig. 4

eine Explosionszeichnung in perspektivischer Ansicht eines ersten Anwendungsbeispiels des Bodendübels der Fig. 1 zum Verankern eines Verankerungsrohres,

Fig. 5

eine aus den Elementen der Fig. 4 zusammengesetzte Verankerungsvorrichtung mit einem in das Verankerungsrohr eingesetzten Posten in perspektivischer Ansicht,

Fig. 6

ein zweites Anwendungsbeispiel des Bodendübels der Fig. 1, dargestellt in einer Explosionszeichnung,

Fig. 7

einen Schnitt durch einen mit einem Setzwerkzeug in das Erdreich eingetriebenen Bodendübel gemäß einem dritten Anwendungsbeispiel,

Fig. 8

einen Bodendübel gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer perspektivisch dargestellten Explosionszeichnung mit den zum Zusammenbau einer weiteren Verankerungsvorrichtung verwendeten Elementen,

Fig. 9

die aus den in Fig. 8 gezeigten Elementen zusammengesetzte, Verankerungsrippen aufweisende Verankerungsvorrichtung,

Fig. 10

einen Querschnitt durch den Bodendübel der Fig. 8 entlang der Linie X-X,

Fig. 11

einen Querschnittsausschnitt durch den in Eintreibrichtung hinteren Bereich des Bodendübels mit einem zur oberen Befestigung der Verankerungsrippen dienenden Befestigungsring und

Fig. 12

einen Bodendübel gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel.

Further refinements and advantages of the invention emerge from the subclaims and from the following description, which explains the invention in more detail with reference to the drawings with exemplary embodiments and application examples. Show it:

Fig. 1

a floor plug according to a first embodiment for anchoring rod-shaped objects in a perspective view,

Fig. 2

2 shows a reduced cross section through the floor dowel along the line II-II of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

a protective cap for placing on the rear end of the floor anchor in the driving-in direction in an enlarged perspective view,

Fig. 4

an exploded view in perspective view of a first application example of the 1 for anchoring an anchoring tube,

Fig. 5

4 shows an anchoring device composed of the elements of FIG. 4 with a post inserted into the anchoring tube in a perspective view,

Fig. 6

1 shows a second application example of the floor anchor of FIG. 1, shown in an exploded view,

Fig. 7

3 shows a section through a floor plug driven into the ground with a setting tool according to a third application example,

Fig. 8

a floor anchor according to a second embodiment in a perspective exploded view with the elements used to assemble another anchoring device,

Fig. 9

the anchoring device composed of the elements shown in FIG. 8 and having anchoring ribs,

Fig. 10

8 shows a cross section through the floor plug of FIG. 8 along the line XX,

Fig. 11

a cross-sectional section through the rear region of the floor anchor in the driving-in direction with a fastening ring serving for the upper fastening of the anchoring ribs and

Fig. 12

a floor anchor according to a third embodiment.

1 shows a perspective view of a floor anchor 1 made of wood. The floor anchor 1 is elongated and essentially round in cross-section. The floor plug 1 is tapered in the driving-in direction, a tapered section 3 in the driving-in direction and a rear tapered section 4 being provided. A taper angle of approximately 4 degrees is provided for the rear section 4, while the front tapered section 3 has a taper angle approximately twice as large. The longitudinal extension of the floor anchor 1 is a multiple of its largest outside diameter.

Contrary to the driving-in direction, a short cylindrical section 5 is arranged behind the tapered section 4. The rear end face 6 of the floor plug 1 is flat and thus designed as an anvil surface for driving in the floor plug 1. The rear area of the cylindrical section 5 is reduced in diameter compared to the rest of the cylindrical area, so that a shoulder 7 is formed. A protective cap (not shown) can be attached to the reduced-diameter cylindrical area, so that damage is avoided when driving in the floor anchor 1 by hammer blows.

A channel 8 serving as a receiving cavity extends axially through the floor dowel 1, the cross section of which is circular and the diameter of which essentially corresponds to the diameter of a rod-shaped object to be anchored.

In a further development of the floor anchor 1, a reinforcing metal ring designed as a cutting edge is provided on the front edge 9 in the driving-in direction, so that when the floor anchor 1 made of wood is driven into already highly compacted or gravelly soils, damage to the front edge 9 is prevented.

Regularly distributed over the circumference and essentially limited to section 4, a plurality of notch-shaped grooves 10 are made in the floor dowel 1. The radial distance of the deepest groove 11 of the grooves 10 with respect to the longitudinal axis of the floor anchor 1 increases increasingly starting from the front boundary of the grooves 10 with respect to the longitudinal axis in the driving direction. The grooves 10 are closed at their rear end 13 in the driving direction. Since in this exemplary embodiment the material located between the groove flanks is also subjected to a pressure when driving in the floor anchor and is also compressed, the floor anchor is particularly well secured against attacking rotational forces after driving in.

In a further embodiment of the grooves 10, the deepest groove runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the floor anchor, so that they deepen in accordance with the taper angle of the floor anchor. Since the driving-in resistance is reduced in this way, such a groove configuration is expedient when the floor anchor is used in already highly compacted soils.

In the end face 6 of the floor plug 1, which is designed as an anvil surface, bores 14 are made for fastening objects.

Fig. 2 shows a reduced cross-section of the floor anchor 1 along the line II-II of Fig. 1. The substantially round cross-section of the floor anchor 1 can be seen as well as the notch-shaped design of the grooves 10 and the considerably larger compared to the diameter of the channel 8 Outer diameter of the floor anchor 1. In a modification of the floor anchor 1, not shown in the drawing, a 12-sided cross section is provided instead of the round cross section. In this embodiment, not shown, no grooves are provided.

3 shows a pot-shaped protective cap 17 for reinforcing the rear end face 6 of the floor anchor 1. The protective cap 17 essentially consists of a disc 18 made of an outer ring 19 and a central opening 20. The protective cap 17 is made of steel. The diameter of the central opening 20 is matched to the diameter of the object to be anchored. A ring 21 is provided facing inwards from the central opening 20 for inserting the protective cap 17 into the rear opening of the channel 8 of the floor plug 1 in the driving-in direction. Corresponding to the bores 14 in the rear end face 6, passages 22 are introduced into the protective cap 17 at corresponding points.

Fig. 4 shows a perspective exploded view of a first application example for the floor dowel 1. In this application example, the floor dowel 1 serves as anchoring near the top of the edge of an anchoring pipe 26 which extends deeper into the ground with its tip 25, so that an anchoring device for the indirect anchoring of rod-shaped, the anchoring tube 26 to be used Objects is created. The section of the anchoring tube 26 located in the ground then represents the anchoring rod.

The tip 25 of the anchoring tube 26 is formed in a star shape by folding in a manner known per se. The rear end 28 of the anchoring tube 26 in the driving-in direction is bent round to form a collar 29. The outer diameter of the anchoring tube 26 corresponds essentially to the diameter of the channel 8 of the floor anchor 1. The collar 29 prevents the anchor pipe 26 from slipping through the channel 8 of the floor anchor 1. In the bent rear end 28 of the anchoring tube 26, the inner ring 21 of the protective cap 17 can be fitted, so that both the anchoring tube 26 and the ground dowel 1 can be driven into the ground by hammer blows applied to the protective cap 17.

If a permanently firm connection between the protective cap 17 and the floor dowel 1 is desired, the floor dowel 1 has in its cylindrical section 5, for example, a circumferential undercut (not shown) into which a crimp (not shown) on the protective cap 17 engages.

The anchoring tube 26 is inserted into the channel 8 of the floor anchor 1 until a collar 29 is clamped in the rear opening of the channel 8 in the driving-in direction in order to assemble a ready-to-drive-in anchoring device. If permanent protection of the rear region of the floor plug in the driving-in direction is additionally desired, the protective cap 17 is then placed over the striking surface 6 on the rear end of the floor plug 1 and fastened to it. By Hammer blows on the striking surface 6 or on the protective cap 17, the anchoring tube 26 and the ground plug 1 are driven into the ground until the striking surface 6 or the upper edge of the protective cap 17 essentially end with the top edge of the terrain.

Since the floor dowel 1, as shown in this application example, is conical due to its essentially along its entire longitudinal extent at any point in time of impact with the entire lateral surface of the conical sections 3, 4 of compacted floor material, a permanent and safe near the top edge is high on all sides Ground force absorbing horizontal forces in the area of the anchoring tube 26 near the top edge of the terrain is guaranteed. Since the anchoring tube 26 is also firmly anchored in the ground by its tip 25, it is clear that this two-point anchoring means that the anchoring tube 26 requires a much lower foundation depth to achieve a certain stability than an anchoring tube that has been driven into the ground without using the ground plug 1 is and can therefore only be understood as a one-point anchorage.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the actual object to be anchored in the ground, for example a post 31, is to be inserted into the driven anchoring device consisting of anchoring tube 26 and floor dowel 1 for indirect anchoring and, if necessary, fastened to the floor dowel 1. The post is then indirectly anchored in the ground. This indirect anchoring is particularly useful for rod-shaped objects that are to be releasably anchored in the floor.

In one development, the floor anchor 1 is firmly connected to the outside of the anchoring tube 26 by gluing. The large connecting surface between the floor plug 1 and the anchoring tube 26 produced by the adhesive connection has a favorable effect on the force transmission when driving in the anchoring tube 26 when the floor plug is driven in.

Another, made of wood floor plug also has numerous vertical and horizontal holes in its cylindrical section 5, so that the ground binding of the floor plug is increased in its uppermost area when rooting of adjacent plants.

Fig. 6 shows a perspective view in an exploded view of a second application example of the ground anchor 1, according to which, for example, piles can be anchored directly in the ground. The sections of the piles located in the ground then represent the anchoring rod which extends deeper into the ground. If these do not have their own tip, a tip 33 which is detachably fitted thereon is additionally arranged at the front end of the ground dowel 1. When the non-pointed pile is pushed through, the tip 33 detaches from the floor dowel 1 and is clamped to it. For this purpose, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6, tabs 34 located at the tip 33 are provided, which after detaching from the ground dowel 1 are placed around the end of the pile, so that tip 33 is prevented from tipping when driven into the ground. The diameter of the pile essentially corresponds to the diameter of the channel 8.

To drive into the ground, the floor plug 1, provided with or without a tip 33, is first driven into the ground until the striking face 6 is in the area of the top edge of the ground. The ground anchor 1 also serves as a guide bush when the pile is subsequently hammered in. After driving in the pile to the desired foundation depth, the floor anchor 1, if it should have been loosened by vibrations, is driven into the ground up to the striking surface 6 and the pile is attached to it, if necessary.

FIG. 7 shows a section of the floor plug 1 driven into the ground with a setting tool 35 according to a third application example. The setting tool 35 has a rod-shaped shaft 36 which extends through the channel 8 of the floor plug 1 and which has a tip 37 at its front end in the driving-in direction. At its rear end in the driving-in direction, the shaft 36 opens into an anvil 38, on which two handles 39, 39 'are provided which are arranged essentially at right angles to the longitudinal extension of the shaft 36. The top of the anvil 38 is designed as a striking surface 40. The anvil 38 has on its underside an annular projection 41, the inner circumference of which is large enough for the anvil 38 to grip over the striking surface 6 of the floor plug 1.

For example, a jackhammer can be placed on the striking surface 40, with which the shaft 36 is first driven into the ground until the anvil 38 is guided over the floor plug 1. The floor dowel 1 is then driven into the ground by further hammering. If the floor plug 1 is set deep enough, the anvil 38 is removed from the floor plug by the handles 39, 39 ' 1 with the shaft 36 located on the anvil 38 pulled out of the ground, so that a set hole is created. The ground dowel 1 is used when a pile is later inserted, both as a guide bushing and as its anchoring near the top of the terrain.

Furthermore, FIG. 7 schematically shows the floor area 42 compressed by displacing the floor anchor 1 by displacement. With its entire tapered lateral surface, the floor plug 1 borders on compacted earth material and thus absorbing a high pressure. Since the lateral surface in the conical area of the floor anchor 1 forms a frictional connection with the compacted soil as a result of the drive-in, a large-area introduction of force of the forces acting on the floor anchor 1 into the ground is given. This firm integration of the floor anchor 1 into the floor ensures that a rod-shaped object anchored by the floor anchor 1 in the area near the top edge of the terrain can be subjected to high bending loads without yielding to it.

In an embodiment not shown, the floor plug 1 is made from shredded motor vehicle tires. The use of materials with slightly elastic properties for the floor dowel 1 is particularly suitable for uses in which a rod-shaped object according to the second exemplary embodiment in FIG. 6 is to be placed. By driving in this floor anchor 1, in addition to a displacement of soil through the outside of the jacket, this is also deformed into the channel 8, so that the post to be anchored in the channel 8 of the floor anchor 1 is thus additionally secured against being pulled out.

FIG. 8 shows a floor plug 49 according to a second exemplary embodiment, grooves 51 having a depth greater than that of the grooves 10 of the exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 1 being made in the body of the floor plug 49. The grooves 51 are open at their rear end in the driving direction. Between the individual grooves 51 there are groove webs 52, 53, the groove webs 53 having a greater radial extension with respect to the longitudinal axis of the floor anchor 49. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 8, eight grooves 51 are provided, so that four groove webs 52 and four groove webs 53 are formed.

A guide slot 54 is made in each groove web 53. The guide slots 54 extend from the front edge 9 of the floor plug 49 to its upper, cylindrical section 5. In the cylindrical section 5, a locking recess 55 is provided, which is in engagement with a snap-in device 57 located on the protective cap 56 and in locked state should prevent the protective cap 56 from jumping off the floor dowel 49 when driving in.

An annular disk 58 is attached circumferentially to the protective cap 56, stabilizing slots 58 ′ being provided at the points corresponding to the guide slots 54.

Anchoring ribs 59 can be inserted into the guide slots 54. The anchoring ribs 59 are plate-like, disk-shaped elements which, in their front region in the driving-in direction, have a gripper hook 60 pointing against the driving-in direction. At that in the driving direction A fastening bore 61 is provided in the rear region of the anchoring ribs 59.

The anchoring ribs 59 extend into the stabilizing slots 58 'of the disk 58 in order to give the anchoring ribs 59 sufficient lateral stability when using an insufficiently rigid material for producing the floor anchor 49.

The gripper hook 60 of an anchoring rib 59 is in engagement with a fastening sleeve 62. The fastening sleeve 62 surrounds the front edge 9 of the floor anchor 49 and is designed as a cutting edge at its front end in the driving-in direction. At the points corresponding to the guide slots 54, suspension slots 63 are made in the fastening sleeve 62.

Starting from its front boundary 9, clamping slots 64 are made in the front section of the floor anchor 49, in which the fastening sleeve 62 is arranged. After pushing the fastening sleeve 62 onto the floor dowel 49, the front section of the floor dowel 49 is pressed against the outside of the anchoring pipe 25 when it is driven into the ground, so that the anchoring pipe 25 can be clamped in the floor dowel 49 like a collet.

FIG. 9 shows an anchoring device 65 which is composed of the elements described for FIG. 8. The anchoring ribs 59 are introduced with their respective gripper hooks 60 into the suspension slots 63 of the fastening sleeve 62 and into the guide slots 54. A wire 66 connecting all anchoring ribs 59 is guided through the fastening bores 61 and connects the floor dowel 49 in the area of section 5 surrounds. By twisting the two ends of the wire 66 together, the anchoring ribs 59 are firmly connected to it with their side facing the floor anchor 49 and are under a certain pretension.

10 shows a cross section through the floor plug 49 along the line XX of FIG. 8. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the groove webs 53 have a greater radial extension with respect to the longitudinal axis of the floor anchor 49 than the groove webs 52. Therefore, each groove 51 is made from one shorter edge 67 and formed from a longer edge 68.

It can also be seen from FIG. 10 that when the floor anchor 49 is loaded horizontally from any direction, certain groove flanks 67, 68 are arranged almost orthogonally to the applied force. The displacement resistance increased in this way contributes significantly to the favorable shape coefficient of the floor anchor 49.

A further embodiment of an upper fastening of the anchoring ribs 59 on the floor dowel 49 is shown in a detail in FIG. 11. A fastening ring 69, which surrounds the floor plug 49 in a ring, is provided for fastening. The fastening ring 69 is bent in a collar-shaped manner pointing away from the floor dowel 49. In the portion of the fastening ring 69 which points away from the stabilizer 49, recesses 70 are provided at the points corresponding to the guide slots 54. The cutouts 70 are in engagement with conically tapered clamping nipples 71 of the anchoring ribs 59 pointing in the driving direction. The fastening ring 69 is axially movable with respect to the floor anchor 49.

When driving in the floor anchor 49, the fastening ring 69 is pressed upward against the driving direction, so that the tapering clamping nipples 71 engaging in the recesses 70 are drawn into the latter, so that a firm and stable connection between the anchoring ribs 59 and the floor anchor 49 is guaranteed.

The floor anchor 49 described in relation to FIGS. 8 to 11 is particularly suitable for use in terrain with unknown floor types. It can be decided on site whether the floor anchor 49 is to be driven into the ground alone, or whether there is a floor type in which the additional provision of anchoring ribs 59 permits better anchoring, as is the case if the floors are, for example, heavily moist and often Are subject to freeze-thaw changes.

Fig. 12 shows a further embodiment of a floor anchor 72, which is made as a hollow body. The floor plug 72 consists essentially of an anvil part 73 in the driving-in direction, a hollow tip 74 forming the front boundary of the floor plug 72 in the driving-in direction and an anchoring sleeve 75 located between the anvil part 73 and the hollow tip 74. The anvil part 73, the hollow tip 74 and the Anchoring sleeve 75 are made of steel. The anvil part 73 has a central opening 76. In the rear end face of the hollow tip 74 in the driving-in direction, a recess 77 corresponding to the diameter of the opening 76 is made. The diameters of the opening 76 and the recess 77 essentially correspond to the diameter of a post 78 to be anchored. An insert inserted into the receiving cavity formed by the opening 76 and the recess 77 Post 78 is thus fixed in position in two sections.

From the front boundary of the hollow tip 74 in the driving-in direction, a threaded bore 79 is made axially therein. The anvil part 73 has a circumferential undercut 80 in its front area in the driving-in direction, in which the rear end of the anchoring sleeve 75 can be fastened by rolling. In the same way, the front end of the anchoring sleeve 75 in the driving-in direction is connected to the hollow tip 74. The anchoring sleeve 75 is tapered in the driving direction and has no grooves.

An anchoring rod 81 can be screwed into the bore 79. Depending on the desired foundation depth, the anchoring rod 81 can have different lengths. The diameter of the anchoring rod 81 corresponds essentially to the diameter of the post 78 to be anchored.

A drainage channel 82 runs diagonally through the hollow tip 74, so that water which has penetrated into the hollow floor anchor 72 is not trapped but can flow into the ground.

The post 78 can be connected to the floor plug 75 via a clamping screw 83.

In an embodiment not shown, guide rings are provided in the area of the anchoring sleeve 75 in addition to the post 78, which favor a correct insertion of the post 78.

In a further exemplary embodiment, not shown, a floor plug, which also forms a hollow body, is provided in one piece and made of plastic by injection molding.

From the foregoing, it is clear that the floor anchor 1, 49, 72 is not only drivable into a variety of floor types and ensures high anchoring stability, but that the floor anchor 1, 49, 72 can be used for direct or indirect anchoring by means of its optional use high variety of applications is excellent.

Claims (11)

Ground dowels (1, 49, 72) that can be driven into the ground for anchoring rod-shaped objects, such as anchoring pipes (26), posts (31, 78) or masts, in the area near the top edge with an axially arranged receiving cavity (8) for receiving the one to be anchored Object (26, 31, 78) and with a section (3, 4) tapering in the driving direction, the foremost outer diameter of the tapered section (3) in the driving direction essentially being the diameter of a soil dowel (1, 49 , 72) correspondingly arranged anchoring rod, characterized in that the larger outer diameter of the floor anchor (1, 49, 72) in the driving-in direction is several times larger than the diameter of the rod-shaped object (26, 31, 78) to be anchored, and that by the outer circumferential surface of the floor anchor (1, 49, 72) is a volume several times that of the floor anchor (1, 49, 72) enclosed volume of the object to be anchored (26, 31, 78) corresponds. Floor dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the floor dowel (1, 49, 72) increases continuously starting from its front limit (9) in the driving-in direction. Floor dowel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the floor dowel (1, 49, 72) has two sections (3, tapered at different angles) 4), the front section (3) in the driving direction being tapered at a larger angle. Floor dowel according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that grooves (10, 51) are introduced circumferentially into the floor dowel (1, 49) following the longitudinal extent thereof, the grooves (10, 51) being notch-shaped and the groove deepest ( 11), starting from its front end in the driving-in direction, has an increasingly greater radial distance from the longitudinal axis of the floor anchor (1, 49). Floor dowel according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that guide slots (54) for receiving anchoring ribs (59) are made in the floor dowel (49). Floor dowel according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rear end face of the floor dowel (1, 49, 72) in the driving-in direction is designed as a flat striking face (6). Floor dowel according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the floor dowel (1, 49) is made as a solid body, in particular from wood. Floor dowel according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the floor dowel (72) is manufactured as a hollow body and essentially consists of a rear anvil part (73), a front hollow tip (74) and an anvil part (73) and the hollow tip (74) connecting sleeve (75). Floor dowel according to Claim 7, characterized in that in the region of the front tapered section (3) there is a fastening sleeve (62) with insertion slots (63), each with a gripper hook (60) located on each anchoring rib (59) and pointing against the driving direction ) is engaged and that in the rear section (5) of the floor anchor (49) in the driving direction there is a movably surrounding fastening ring (69) which has cutouts (70) which have clamping nipples (71) of the anchoring ribs (59) pointing in the driving direction ) are engaged. Floor dowel according to claim 7, characterized in that a protective cap (17, 56) is arranged above the striking surface (6) of the floor dowel (1, 49), the outer ring (19) of which points in the driving-in direction over the rear edge of the floor dowel (1, 49). 49) engages. Floor dowel according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the floor dowel (1, 49, 72) has an essentially annular cross section.

Images