EP1966554A2 - Air separating device by means of cryogenic distillation - Google Patents

Air separating device by means of cryogenic distillation

Info

Publication number
EP1966554A2
EP1966554A2 EP06842175A EP06842175A EP1966554A2 EP 1966554 A2 EP1966554 A2 EP 1966554A2 EP 06842175 A EP06842175 A EP 06842175A EP 06842175 A EP06842175 A EP 06842175A EP 1966554 A2 EP1966554 A2 EP 1966554A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
section
exchange
air
column
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06842175A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1966554B1 (en
Inventor
Benoit Davidian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Priority to PL06842175T priority Critical patent/PL1966554T3/en
Publication of EP1966554A2 publication Critical patent/EP1966554A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1966554B1 publication Critical patent/EP1966554B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04624—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using integrated mass and heat exchange, so-called non-adiabatic rectification, e.g. dephlegmator, reflux exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/007—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger combined with mass exchange, i.e. in a so-called dephlegmator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/02—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a single pressure main column system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation, in particular for the production of nitrogen.
  • a nitrogen generator described in US Pat. No. 5,899,093 comprises an exchange line in which the air to be distilled is cooled, a distillation column in which the air is separated at a nitrogen-rich flow rate at the top of the column and at a head. flow enriched with oxygen in column vat. To provide reflux, a portion of the nitrogen-rich flow is sent to a reboiler-condenser where it condenses by heat exchange with the oxygen-enriched flow. Alternatively the nitrogen can condense in a dephlegmator.
  • the rich liquid partially vaporized in the dephlegmator is sent to a phase separator and the liquid formed in the separator flows back to the dephlegmator.
  • the present invention aims to suppress the bath-reboiler-reboiler, which imposes constraints: investment, in particular to ensure liquid recirculation
  • an apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation for the production of nitrogen comprising: a) an exchange line b) a simple distillation column containing trays and / or structured packings; (c) a line for supplying compressed and purified air to the exchange line; (d) a line for supplying compressed, purified and cooled air from the exchange line to the distillation column; conduct to extract an oxygen-enriched liquid from the column and to send it to the exchange line characterized in that the exchange line comprises two sections, a dephlegmation section and a heat exchange section; the dephlegmation section is connected to the column and the oxygen-enriched liquid line and the heat exchange section is connected to the air line and the dephlegmation section.
  • the exchange line is located above the distillation column
  • the apparatus comprises means for feeding and / or expansion of air or vaporized rich liquid;
  • the pipe for sending compressed, purified and cooled air from the exchange line to the distillation column is connected to the cold end of the heat exchange section;
  • the apparatus comprises means for redistributing the passages between the heat exchange section and the dephlegmation section;
  • the exchange line is made of copper or aluminum and / or the distillation column is made of stainless steel;
  • the exchange line and the distillation column are made of aluminum
  • the exchange line is a plate heat exchanger and fin brazed.
  • a process for separating air by cryogenic distillation for the production of nitrogen in an apparatus comprising an exchange line and a simple distillation column containing trays and / or structured packings, in which compressed and purified air is sent to the exchange line, compressed, purified and cooled air is sent from the exchange line to the distillation column, a liquid flow is drawn off enriched with oxygen from the column and sent to the exchange line characterized in that the exchange line comprises two sections, a dephlegmation section and a heat exchange section; the dephlegmation section is connected to the column and the oxygen-enriched liquid line and the heat exchange section is connected to the air line and the dephlegmation section and that the fluid flow enriched with Oxygen vaporizes entirely in the heat exchange section to produce a gas enriched with oxygen.
  • the invention proposes to integrate the "vaporization-condensation" function in the main exchanger by using the coldest part of the exchanger as a dephlegmator in order to condense the nitrogen therein.
  • the interests of the invention are as follows: • There is a “natural” purge of the rich liquid, which is not concentrated by vaporization (like a pump apparatus).
  • the cold box is higher, but much less wide because the exchanger is above the column, which results in a significant gain.
  • a compressed air flow is purified in a purification unit (not shown) and sent to the hot end of an exchange line 3.
  • the exchange line comprises a conventional heat exchange section 3A and a heat exchanger. section 3B of deflegmation. The two sections are contiguous and the exchange line is a plate and finned heat exchanger.
  • the air 1 cools in the exchange line to the cold end of the section 3A, then leaves the exchange line to be sent to the base of a single distillation column 7.
  • the column 7 contains packings structured or trays 9.
  • the air separates into an oxygen-enriched flow 11 and a nitrogen-enriched flow.
  • the oxygen-enriched flow 11 is withdrawn in liquid form from column 7 and sent to the cold end of section 3B.
  • the nitrogen-enriched gas exits directly from the top of the column in the passages of section 3B.
  • the exchange line 3 has the same width as the head of the column 7 and is welded to the ferrule of the column (by a round-square or round-rectangular adapter piece).
  • the frigories necessary for the distillation are supplied by liquid nitrogen liquor 13 from storage in a known manner described in EP-A-0452177.
  • an air turbine 1 or vaporized rich liquid may be provided.
  • Section 3B includes two nitrogen passages for a rich liquid passage.
  • the rich liquid vaporizes entirely in this section 3B of the exchange line 3 so that it is completely transformed into gas.
  • Nitrogen condenses in part the condensed part falls by gravity into the column to serve as reflux, the exchange line 3 is installed above the column (by direct welding or possibly with adequate pipes) . The rest of the nitrogen gas continues its rise through the entire exchange line 3.
  • Section 3A of the exchange line is composed of the classic main exchange line.
  • the gaseous nitrogen and the vaporized rich liquid warm up against the incoming air 1.
  • the exchange line 3 is preferably copper or aluminum and the column 7 will be stainless steel. If the exchange line is aluminum and the stainless steel column, provide a joint junction (s) between the two. Otherwise the exchange line 3 and the column 7 may be aluminum.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an air separating device by means of cryogenic distillation for producing nitrogen, comprising an exchange line (3), a simple distillation column (7) containing plates and/or structured packings, a supply line for delivery of compressed purified air (1) to the exchange line, a supply line for delivery of the compressed purified and cooled air from the exchange line to the distillation column, a line for withdrawal of a liquid (11) enriched in oxygen from the distillation column for delivery to the exchange line, said exchange line having two sections, a rectifying section (3B) and a heat exchange section (3A), the rectifying section being connected to the column and the line for the enriched liquid and the heat exchange section is connected to the air supply line and the rectifying section.

Description

APPAREIL DE SEPARATION D'AIR PAR DISTILLATION CRYOGENIQUE APPARATUS FOR AIR SEPARATION BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION
La présente invention concerne un appareil de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique, en particulier pour la production d'azote. Un générateur d'azote décrit dans US-A-5899093 comprend une ligne d'échange où se refroidit l'air à distiller, une colonne de distillation où l'air est séparé en un débit riche en azote en tête de colonne et en un débit enrichi en oxygène en cuve de colonne. Pour fournir du reflux, une partie du débit riche en azote est envoyé à un rebouilleur-condenseur où il se condense par échange de chaleur avec le débit enrichi en oxygène. Alternativement l'azote peut se condenser dans un déphlegmateur. Le liquide riche partiellement vaporisé dans le déphlegmateur est envoyé à un séparateur de phases et le liquide formé dans le séparateur circule de nouveau vers le déphlegmateur La présente invention vise à supprimer le condenseur-rebouilleur à bain, qui impose des contraintes : • de coût d'investissement, notamment pour assurer une recirculation de liquideThe present invention relates to an apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation, in particular for the production of nitrogen. A nitrogen generator described in US Pat. No. 5,899,093 comprises an exchange line in which the air to be distilled is cooled, a distillation column in which the air is separated at a nitrogen-rich flow rate at the top of the column and at a head. flow enriched with oxygen in column vat. To provide reflux, a portion of the nitrogen-rich flow is sent to a reboiler-condenser where it condenses by heat exchange with the oxygen-enriched flow. Alternatively the nitrogen can condense in a dephlegmator. The rich liquid partially vaporized in the dephlegmator is sent to a phase separator and the liquid formed in the separator flows back to the dephlegmator. The present invention aims to suppress the bath-reboiler-reboiler, which imposes constraints: investment, in particular to ensure liquid recirculation
• de concentration des impuretés (CnHm, N2O, CO2,...)• Concentration of impurities (CnHm, N 2 O, CO 2 , ...)
• de purge liquide• liquid purge
• de maintien de niveau • de mesure de niveau• level maintenance • level measurement
Selon un objet de l'invention, il est prévu un appareil de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique pour la production d'azote comprenant : a) une ligne d'échange b) une simple colonne de distillation contenant des plateaux et/ou des garnissages structurés c) une conduite pour envoyer de l'air comprimé et épuré à la ligne d'échange d) une conduite pour envoyer de l'air comprimé, épuré et refroidi de la ligne d'échange à la colonne de distillation e) une conduite pour soutirer un liquide enrichi en oxygène de la colonne et pour l'envoyer à la ligne d'échange caractérisé en ce que la ligne d'échange comprend deux sections, une section de déphlegmation et une section d'échange de chaleur ; la section de déphlegmation est connectée à la colonne et à la conduite de liquide enrichi en oxygène et la section d'échange de chaleur est connectée à la conduite d'air et à la section de déphlegmation.According to an object of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation for the production of nitrogen comprising: a) an exchange line b) a simple distillation column containing trays and / or structured packings; (c) a line for supplying compressed and purified air to the exchange line; (d) a line for supplying compressed, purified and cooled air from the exchange line to the distillation column; conduct to extract an oxygen-enriched liquid from the column and to send it to the exchange line characterized in that the exchange line comprises two sections, a dephlegmation section and a heat exchange section; the dephlegmation section is connected to the column and the oxygen-enriched liquid line and the heat exchange section is connected to the air line and the dephlegmation section.
Selon des objets facultatifs :According to optional objects:
- la ligne d'échange est située au-dessus de la colonne de distillation ;the exchange line is located above the distillation column;
- la section de déphlegmation est fixée à la tête de la colonne ;- the dephlegmation section is attached to the head of the column;
- l'appareil comprend des moyens de biberonnage et/ou de détente d'air ou de liquide riche vaporisé ;- The apparatus comprises means for feeding and / or expansion of air or vaporized rich liquid;
- la conduite pour envoyer de l'air comprimé, épuré et refroidi de la ligne d'échange à la colonne de distillation est connectée au bout froid de la section d'échange de chaleur ;the pipe for sending compressed, purified and cooled air from the exchange line to the distillation column is connected to the cold end of the heat exchange section;
- l'appareil comprend des moyens de redistribution des passages entre la section d'échange de chaleur et la section de déflegmation ;the apparatus comprises means for redistributing the passages between the heat exchange section and the dephlegmation section;
- la ligne d'échange est en cuivre ou en aluminium et/ou la colonne de distillation est en acier inoxydable ;the exchange line is made of copper or aluminum and / or the distillation column is made of stainless steel;
- la ligne d'échange et la colonne de distillation sont en aluminium ;the exchange line and the distillation column are made of aluminum;
- la ligne d'échange est un échangeur à plaques et à ailettes brasées. Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, il est prévu un procédé de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique pour la production d'azote dans un appareil comprenant une ligne d'échange et une simple colonne de distillation contenant des plateaux et/ou des garnissages structurés, dans lequel on envoie de l'air comprimé et épuré à la ligne d'échange, on envoie de l'air comprimé, épuré et refroidi de la ligne d'échange à la colonne de distillation, on soutire un débit de liquide enrichi en oxygène de la colonne et on l'envoie à la ligne d'échange caractérisé en ce que la ligne d'échange comprend deux sections, une section de déphlegmation et une section d'échange de chaleur; la section de déphlegmation est connectée à la colonne et à la conduite de liquide enrichi en oxygène et la section d'échange de chaleur est connectée à la conduite d'air et à la section de déphlegmation et en ce que le débit de liquide enrichi en oxygène se vaporise entièrement dans la section d'échange de chaleur pour produire un gaz enrichi en oxygène. L'invention propose d'intégrer la fonction « vaporisation-condensation » dans l'échangeur principal en utilisant la partie la plus froide de l'échangeur comme déphlegmateur afin d'y condenser l'azote. Les intérêts de l'invention sont les suivants : • II y a une purge « naturelle » du liquide riche, qui est peu concentré par vaporisation (à l'image d'un appareil à pompe).- The exchange line is a plate heat exchanger and fin brazed. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a process for separating air by cryogenic distillation for the production of nitrogen in an apparatus comprising an exchange line and a simple distillation column containing trays and / or structured packings, in which compressed and purified air is sent to the exchange line, compressed, purified and cooled air is sent from the exchange line to the distillation column, a liquid flow is drawn off enriched with oxygen from the column and sent to the exchange line characterized in that the exchange line comprises two sections, a dephlegmation section and a heat exchange section; the dephlegmation section is connected to the column and the oxygen-enriched liquid line and the heat exchange section is connected to the air line and the dephlegmation section and that the fluid flow enriched with Oxygen vaporizes entirely in the heat exchange section to produce a gas enriched with oxygen. The invention proposes to integrate the "vaporization-condensation" function in the main exchanger by using the coldest part of the exchanger as a dephlegmator in order to condense the nitrogen therein. The interests of the invention are as follows: • There is a "natural" purge of the rich liquid, which is not concentrated by vaporization (like a pump apparatus).
• Comme on n'a plus besoin de purge de liquide de déconcentration, ceci permet : o de supprimer les équipements qui y sont associés, dont la fosse à cailloux (ou pot de purge) nécessaire du fait d'une purge régulière et dont les équipements qui permettent de s'assurer de la fiabilité et l'effectivité de la purge, o un gain de puissance frigorifique (pour un appareil biberonné, la consommation d'azote liquide est fortement réduite d'où une réduction du coût opératoire), o d'alléger le suivi opération de cette purge « critique » en terme de sécurité.• As there is no longer any need for bleeding of deconcentration liquid, this allows: o to remove the associated equipment, including the pebble pit (or purge pot) necessary due to a regular purge and whose equipment that makes it possible to ensure the reliability and the effectiveness of the purge, o a gain in cooling capacity (for a bottle-fed device, the consumption of liquid nitrogen is greatly reduced, hence a reduction in the operating cost), o to lighten the monitoring operation of this "critical" purge in terms of safety.
• Suppression de la mesure de niveau, des pinces de mises à chauds des prises d'impulsion, des éventuels bulleurs et de la jauge de niveau et allégement suivi opération de cette mesure « critique » en terme de sécurité.• Suppression of the level measurement, the hot-plugs of the pulse taps, the potential bubblers and the dipstick and lightening operation of this "critical" measure in terms of safety.
• Suppression pot de recirculation.• Removal of recirculation pot.
Le surcoût sur échangeur est marginal, voire nul si on convertit une partie du gain de la puissance frigorifique dans une ligne d'échange un peu moins performante (et donc moins grande).The extra cost on exchanger is marginal, or even zero if we convert a portion of the gain of the cooling capacity in a trade line a little less powerful (and therefore less large).
La boite froide est plus haute, mais beaucoup moins large car l'échangeur est au-dessus de la colonne, ce qui se traduit par un gain important.The cold box is higher, but much less wide because the exchanger is above the column, which results in a significant gain.
L'invention sera décrite en plus de détail en se référant à la figure qui représente un appareil de séparation d'air selon l'invention. Un débit d'air comprimé est épuré dans une unité d'épuration (non- illustrée) et envoyé au bout chaud d'une ligne d'échange 3. La ligne d'échange comprend une section 3A d'échange de chaleur classique et une section 3B de déphlegmation. Les deux sections sont contiguës et la ligne d'échange est un échangeur à plaques et à ailettes brasées.The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the figure which shows an air separation apparatus according to the invention. A compressed air flow is purified in a purification unit (not shown) and sent to the hot end of an exchange line 3. The exchange line comprises a conventional heat exchange section 3A and a heat exchanger. section 3B of deflegmation. The two sections are contiguous and the exchange line is a plate and finned heat exchanger.
L'air 1 se refroidit dans la ligne d'échange jusqu'au bout froid de la section 3A, puis sort de la ligne d'échange pour être envoyé en base d'une simple colonne de distillation 7. La colonne 7 contient des garnissages structurés ou des plateaux 9.The air 1 cools in the exchange line to the cold end of the section 3A, then leaves the exchange line to be sent to the base of a single distillation column 7. The column 7 contains packings structured or trays 9.
L'air se sépare en un débit 11 enrichi en oxygène et un débit enrichi en azote. Le débit enrichi en oxygène 11 est soutiré sous forme liquide de la colonne 7 et envoyé au bout froid de la section 3B.Le gaz enrichi en azote sort directement de la tête de la colonne dans les passages de la section 3B. de préférence la ligne d'échange 3 a la même largeur que la tête de la colonne 7 et est soudée à la virole de la colonne (par une pièce d'adaptation rond-carré ou rond-rectangulaire).The air separates into an oxygen-enriched flow 11 and a nitrogen-enriched flow. The oxygen-enriched flow 11 is withdrawn in liquid form from column 7 and sent to the cold end of section 3B. The nitrogen-enriched gas exits directly from the top of the column in the passages of section 3B. preferably the exchange line 3 has the same width as the head of the column 7 and is welded to the ferrule of the column (by a round-square or round-rectangular adapter piece).
Les frigories nécessaires à la distillation sont fournies par biberonnage d'azote liquide 13, provenant d'un stockage de manière connue décrite dans EP- A-0452177. Alternativement ou additionnellement une turbine d'air 1 ou de liquide riche vaporisé peut être prévue.The frigories necessary for the distillation are supplied by liquid nitrogen liquor 13 from storage in a known manner described in EP-A-0452177. Alternatively or additionally an air turbine 1 or vaporized rich liquid may be provided.
La section 3B comprend deux passages d'azote pour un passage de liquide riche. Le liquide riche se vaporise entièrement dans cette section 3B de la ligne d'échange 3 de sorte qu'il est entièrement transformé en gaz. L'azote se condense en partie : la partie condensée retombe par gravité dans la colonne pour servir de reflux, la ligne d'échange 3 étant installée au-dessus de la colonne (par soudage direct ou éventuellement à l'aide de tuyauteries adéquates). Le reste de l'azote gazeux continue son ascension à travers toute la ligne d'échange 3.Section 3B includes two nitrogen passages for a rich liquid passage. The rich liquid vaporizes entirely in this section 3B of the exchange line 3 so that it is completely transformed into gas. Nitrogen condenses in part: the condensed part falls by gravity into the column to serve as reflux, the exchange line 3 is installed above the column (by direct welding or possibly with adequate pipes) . The rest of the nitrogen gas continues its rise through the entire exchange line 3.
La section 3A de la ligne d'échange est composée de la ligne d'échange principale classique. L'azote gazeux et le liquide riche vaporisé se réchauffent face à l'air entrant 1.Section 3A of the exchange line is composed of the classic main exchange line. The gaseous nitrogen and the vaporized rich liquid warm up against the incoming air 1.
Pour optimiser la ligne d'échange 3, au niveau de l'interface entre les deux sections, on pourra ré-affecter les doubles passages azote de la sectionTo optimize the exchange line 3, at the interface between the two sections, we can re-allocate the double nitrogen passages of the section
3B de déphlegmation entre l'azote à réchauffer et l'air à refroidir de la section3B dephlegmation between the nitrogen to be heated and the air to be cooled of the section
3A. Ceci peut être réalisé par entrée/sortie de fluide (boite de distribution), ou, de façon préférentielle, par redistribution interne (utilisation de barres et de tôles séparatrices perforées).3A. This can be done by fluid inlet / outlet (distribution box), or, preferentially, by internal redistribution (use of bars and perforated separating plates).
La ligne d'échange 3 est de préférence en cuivre ou en aluminium et la colonne 7 sera en acier inoxydable. Si la ligne d'échange est en aluminium et la colonne en acier inoxydable, il faut prévoir une (des) jonction(s) mixte(s) entre les deux. Sinon la ligne d'échange 3 et la colonne 7 peuvent être en aluminium. The exchange line 3 is preferably copper or aluminum and the column 7 will be stainless steel. If the exchange line is aluminum and the stainless steel column, provide a joint junction (s) between the two. Otherwise the exchange line 3 and the column 7 may be aluminum.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Appareil de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique pour la production d'azote comprenant : a) une ligne d'échange (3) b) une simple colonne de distillation (7) contenant des plateaux et/ou des garnissages structurés c) une conduite (1 ) pour envoyer de l'air comprimé et épuré à la ligne d'échange d) une conduite pour envoyer de l'air comprimé, épuré et refroidi de la ligne d'échange à la colonne de distillation e) une conduite (11 ) pour soutirer un liquide enrichi en oxygène de la colonne et pour l'envoyer à la ligne d'échange caractérisé en ce que la ligne d'échange comprend deux sections, une section de déphlegmation (3B) et une section d'échange de chaleur (3A) ; la section de déphlegmation est connectée à la colonne et à la conduite de liquide enrichi en oxygène et la section d'échange de chaleur est connectée à la conduite d'air et à la section de déphlegmation.Cryogenic distillation air separation apparatus for the production of nitrogen comprising: a) an exchange line (3) b) a simple distillation column (7) containing trays and / or structured packings c) a line (1) for supplying compressed and purified air to the exchange line; d) a line for sending compressed, purified and cooled air from the exchange line to the distillation column; (11) for withdrawing an oxygen-enriched liquid from the column and for sending it to the exchange line characterized in that the exchange line comprises two sections, a dephlegmation section (3B) and an exchange section heat (3A); the dephlegmation section is connected to the column and the oxygen-enriched liquid line and the heat exchange section is connected to the air line and the dephlegmation section.
2. Appareil selon la revendication 1 dans lequel la ligne d'échange (3) est située au-dessus de la colonne de distillation (7).2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the exchange line (3) is located above the distillation column (7).
3. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2 dans lequel la section de déphlegmation (3B) est fixée à la tête de la colonne (7).3. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 and 2 wherein the dephlegmation section (3B) is attached to the head of the column (7).
4. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes comprenant des moyens de biberonnage (13) et/ou de détente d'air (5) ou de liquide riche vaporisé.4. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims comprising means for biberonnage (13) and / or expansion of air (5) or vaporized rich liquid.
5. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel la conduite pour envoyer de l'air comprimé, épuré et refroidi de la ligne d'échange à la colonne de distillation est connectée au bout froid de la section d'échange de chaleur (3A). 5. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims wherein the pipe for sending compressed, purified and cooled air from the exchange line to the distillation column is connected to the cold end of the heat exchange section ( 3A).
6. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes comprenant des moyens de redistribution des passages entre la section d'échange de chaleur et la section de déphlegmation.6. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims comprising means for redistributing the passages between the heat exchange section and the dephlegmation section.
7. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel la ligne d'échange (3) est en cuivre ou en aluminium et/ou la colonne de distillation (7) est en acier inoxydable.7. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims wherein the exchange line (3) is copper or aluminum and / or the distillation column (7) is stainless steel.
8. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel la ligne d'échange (3) et la colonne de distillation (7) sont en aluminium.8. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims wherein the exchange line (3) and the distillation column (7) are aluminum.
9. Procédé de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique pour la production d'azote dans un appareil comprenant une ligne d'échange (3) et une simple colonne de distillation (7) contenant des plateaux et/ou des garnissages structurés, dans lequel on envoie de l'air comprimé et épuré à la ligne d'échange, on envoie de l'air comprimé, épuré et refroidi de la ligne d'échange à la colonne de distillation, on soutire un débit de liquide enrichi en oxygène de la colonne et on l'envoie à la ligne d'échange caractérisé en ce que la ligne d'échange comprend deux sections, une section de déphlegmation (3B) et une section d'échange de chaleur (3A); la section de déphlegmation est connectée à la colonne et à la conduite de liquide enrichi en oxygène et la section d'échange de chaleur est connectée à la conduite d'air et à la section de déphlegmation et en ce que le débit de liquide enrichi en oxygène se vaporise entièrement dans la section d'échange de chaleur pour produire un gaz enrichi en oxygène. A process for separating air by cryogenic distillation for the production of nitrogen in an apparatus comprising an exchange line (3) and a simple distillation column (7) containing trays and / or structured packings, wherein compressed and purified air is sent to the exchange line, compressed, purified and cooled air is sent from the exchange line to the distillation column, a flow of oxygen enriched liquid is withdrawn from the distillation line. column and is sent to the exchange line characterized in that the exchange line comprises two sections, a dephlegmation section (3B) and a heat exchange section (3A); the dephlegmation section is connected to the column and the oxygen-enriched liquid line and the heat exchange section is connected to the air line and the dephlegmation section and that the fluid flow enriched with Oxygen vaporizes entirely in the heat exchange section to produce a gas enriched with oxygen.
EP06842175.9A 2005-12-20 2006-12-15 Air separating device by means of cryogenic distillation Active EP1966554B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06842175T PL1966554T3 (en) 2005-12-20 2006-12-15 Air separating device by means of cryogenic distillation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0553971A FR2895069B1 (en) 2005-12-20 2005-12-20 APPARATUS FOR AIR SEPARATION BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION
PCT/FR2006/051366 WO2007074276A2 (en) 2005-12-20 2006-12-15 Air separating device by means of cryogenic distillation

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CN101341370B (en) 2011-09-14
FR2895069A1 (en) 2007-06-22
EP1966554B1 (en) 2018-08-15
CN101341370A (en) 2009-01-07
PL1966554T3 (en) 2018-11-30
WO2007074276A2 (en) 2007-07-05
FR2895069B1 (en) 2014-01-31
US20080271481A1 (en) 2008-11-06
ES2689041T3 (en) 2018-11-08
WO2007074276A3 (en) 2007-09-13
JP2009520176A (en) 2009-05-21
JP5074416B2 (en) 2012-11-14
DK1966554T3 (en) 2018-10-15

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