EP1962565B1 - Ballast doté d'une commutation de puissance - Google Patents

Ballast doté d'une commutation de puissance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1962565B1
EP1962565B1 EP07019688A EP07019688A EP1962565B1 EP 1962565 B1 EP1962565 B1 EP 1962565B1 EP 07019688 A EP07019688 A EP 07019688A EP 07019688 A EP07019688 A EP 07019688A EP 1962565 B1 EP1962565 B1 EP 1962565B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frequency
inverter
resonant
resonant capacitor
ballast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07019688A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1962565A1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Cernek
Martin Bulling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vossloh Schwabe Deutschland GmbH
Vossloh Schwabe GmbH
Original Assignee
Vossloh Schwabe Deutschland GmbH
Vossloh Schwabe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1962565A1 publication Critical patent/EP1962565A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1962565B1 publication Critical patent/EP1962565B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3925—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by frequency variation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/2825—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage
    • H05B41/2828—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage using control circuits for the switching elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic ballast, which is switchable in its performance.
  • ballasts are increasingly used. These are usually fed on the mains side and ensure the power supply of the gas discharge lamp and, if necessary, for the generation of ignition pulses. Other functions, such as. Error monitoring, dimming, etc., are common.
  • ballasts that ignite ordinary or specially designed fluorescent lamps without electrode preheating.
  • Such ballasts are referred to as cold start ballasts. They usually work with a fixed predetermined and neither during ignition nor otherwise in operation changing inverter frequency of, for example, 30 kHz.
  • inverter frequency for example, 30 kHz.
  • they are provided with a current-limiting inductor, which is associated with at least one resonance capacitor. In the case of an unlit lamp, this leads to a resonance increase in the voltage applied to the lamp, which leads to lamp ignition. After ignition of the lamp due to the caused by the lamp damping of the resonant circuit disappears, the voltage overshoot.
  • the output side choke Due to the fixed predetermined operating frequency of such a ballast, the output side choke has a certain impedance, whereby the lamp current is fixed. Lamps that require a different lamp current are therefore not operable.
  • the DE 2005 022 592 A1 describes a circuit arrangement for operating a discharge lamp with a resonance capacitor, which can be connected via a controlled switching element parallel to the discharge lamp.
  • the switching element is switched by an unspecified control circuit.
  • the resonant capacitor can be switched in parallel to the discharge lamp by closing the switching element.
  • the switching element is opened again.
  • the switching element is opened and the parallel branch is separated with the resonance capacitor in order to reduce the lamp current.
  • the desired voltage resonance peaks for the ignition of the cold fluorescent lamp are generated at the different operating frequencies.
  • at least one resonance capacitor is provided, which can be activated or deactivated. Activation or deactivation occurs e.g. by setting or interrupting a line connection.
  • an evaluation unit ensures that the activation or deactivation of the resonance capacitor is detected and the frequency control input of the inverter is influenced accordingly. This ensures that the inverter is always operating at the frequency that is substantially equal to the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, that of the output choke and the resonance capacitors is formed. If, for example, the resonance frequency is reduced by activating an (additional) resonant capacitor, the evaluation unit automatically adjusts the operating frequency of the inverter by lowering it. The activatable and deactivatable resonance capacitor is tuned in its effect on the resonant frequency of the output circuit of the ballast to the desired frequency change. Likewise, a frequency-determining component, for example a frequency-determining capacitor, can be activated and deactivated on the inverter and tuned to the same frequency change.
  • This concept allows the ballast to be frequency and hence power adjusted by setting or breaking a single line connection.
  • the independent setting of the operating frequency of the inverter and the resonant frequency of the lamp output circuit is not possible. Rather, the frequency adjustment of the resonance output circuit of the ballast via the evaluation unit is firmly linked to the frequency change of the inverter.
  • the operator takes a manual action on the resonant circuit of the ballast whereupon the inverter automatically adjusts its operating frequency.
  • the operator makes a frequency adjustment action on the inverter, whereupon the evaluation unit deactivates or activates a corresponding resonance capacitor.
  • the basic idea is realized that a Frequenzeinstellwolfwormworm a component of the overall arrangement a automatic frequency adjustment of another component of the circuit results.
  • ballast is switchable between two different resonant frequencies and operating frequencies. In any case, regardless of the number of possible operating frequencies is guaranteed in each case in the invention that a switching of the resonant frequency automatically has a switching of the operating frequency result (and vice versa).
  • a line branch is preferably provided which can be cut, for example.
  • This may be a suitably trainednatizakar, a circuit board, a wire bridge, a plug-in contact or the like.
  • a wire bridge can also be provided which is to be plugged into corresponding sockets or terminals or which is to be used in another suitable way for bridging two contacts.
  • simple switches or the like e.g. find application through fusible conductor areas.
  • FIG. 1 is a ballast 1 illustrated, to which a gas discharge lamp 2 is connected.
  • the ballast 1 is connected via not further illustrated components to an electrical supply network.
  • These electrical components provide a DC voltage, for example, in the amount of 300 V at a node 3 ready.
  • Such components are, for example, a line filter, a mains rectifier, a step-up converter, for example in the form of a flux converter and possibly a storage capacitor for screening the DC voltage provided by the 300 V exemplified.
  • suitable circuit means may be present to provide an operating voltage of, for example, 12 or 15 V or other desired height. Such may be necessary to supply components of the ballast 1 with operating voltage.
  • To the ballast 1 includes an inverter, which is formed by an inverter half bridge 4 in the above embodiment.
  • This consists of two electronic switches 5, 6, for example.
  • the series circuit is connected at one end to the node 3 and at its other end to ground 7.
  • To control these switches 5, 6, these are connected via their control inputs to a half-bridge driver 8, which is usually formed by an integrated circuit.
  • the half-bridge driver opens and closes the switches 5, 6 alternately at an operating frequency fixed by an RC circuit 9.
  • RC circuit 9 includes a frequency-determining resistor 10 and in the present example, two frequency-determining capacitors 11, 12.
  • the resistor 10 is connected to terminals 13, 14. With The terminal 14 is also the series circuit of the capacitors 11, 12 connected, which is grounded at its other end.
  • connection point 15 between the capacitors 11, 12 forms a frequency control point at which the operating frequency of the half-bridge driver 8 can be influenced. If the capacitor 12 is bypassed, only the capacitor 11 is effective. The half-bridge driver 8 then operates at a first lower frequency. However, if the connection point 15 is left free, the series connection of both capacitors 11, 12 is active. The effective total capacity is lower and the operating frequency of the inverter half-bridge 8 rises to a second value.
  • an electronic switch 16 such as. A bipolar transistor can be connected, which is grounded with its emitter. Its control input 17, i. specifically, for example, its base is connected to an evaluation circuit 18. This can selectively open or close the switch 16 so that it shorts or releases the capacitor 12.
  • a lamp branch is connected, which includes a resonant circuit 19.
  • a throttle 20 which is connected at one end to the inverter half-bridge 4 and at its other end to a coupling capacitor 21.
  • an electrode 22 of the lamp 2 is connected, the other electrode 23 is connected to ground.
  • the coupling capacitor 21 can be omitted and the electrode 23 on a capacitive voltage divider be connected.
  • a second inverter half-bridge which is connected in push-pull to the existing inverter half bridge 4 and connected to the electrode 23.
  • the electronic ballast 1 has a full-bridge inverter.
  • a resonance capacitor 24 is provided. This is connected in parallel to the lamp 2. He determines together with the throttle 20 a first resonant frequency.
  • the resonance capacitor 24, a further resonance capacitor 25 is connected in parallel.
  • the parallel connection of the resonance capacitors 24, 25 establishes a different resonance frequency together with the inductor 20.
  • the resonance capacitor 25 can be activated or deactivated via a suitable technical means.
  • a severable line connection 26 can serve, which connects a connection of the resonance capacitor 25 to the electrode 22.
  • This severable line connection may be an exposed trace of a printed circuit board to be severed with a mounting tool, a wire bridge to be removed or severed with a side cutter or other suitable tool, a solder bump that may be removed with the soldering iron, or the like.
  • a manufacturable line connection can be provided, for example, two sockets can be provided which can receive a connecting wire bridge, two pins on which a connector can be placed, which can be connected by wire or with each other, for example to be twisted by a pair of pliers, to connect.
  • Other appropriate means such as simple switches or the like can be used.
  • the evaluation unit 18 is connected with its input 27 to the non-ground end of the resonance capacitor 25 and serves to detect whether the resonance capacitor 24 has been activated or whether it has been deactivated.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a simple embodiment of the evaluation unit 18.
  • the resistors 28, 29 are dimensioned so large that they do not substantially attenuate the resonant circuit consisting of the choke 20 and the resonance capacitors 24, 25.
  • Connected to the resistors 28, 29 is a voltage doubler rectifier circuit 30.
  • the output signal of this voltage doubler rectifier circuit 30 is zero when no AC voltage is applied to the capacitor 25. If AC voltage is applied to resonant capacitor 25, it is significantly greater than zero. It is then sufficient to make the switch 16 current-conducting, ie to close.
  • FIG. 3 An alternative evaluation unit is in FIG. 3 illustrated. It consists of a one-way rectifier circuit with high impedance input resistance and a capacitor which is connected to the base of the subsequent switching transistor.
  • the ballast 1 described so far operates as follows:
  • ballast 1 If the operator wants to use the same ballast 1 for a lamp 2 of lesser power, it cuts through the line connection 26. Thereupon, the operation of the ballast 1 is as follows:
  • the inverter half-bridge 4 When switching on the ballast 1, the inverter half-bridge 4 starts operating. However, no AC voltage appears at the resonance capacitor 25. The evaluation unit 18 outputs no signal at its output. Thus, the switch 16, ie the transistor in question remains non-conductive. Now, the series connection of the capacitors 11, 12 frequency determining. The half-bridge driver 8 therefore operates at a higher (second) operating frequency. This agrees with the resonance frequency, which results from the capacity of the resonance capacitor 24 and the inductance of the inductor 20. Thus, in turn, a sufficient voltage overshoot to ignite the (weaker) lamp 2 is present. If this is ignited, the arrangement is in normal operation, in which the inductor 20 now limits the current due to the higher operating frequency of the inverter half-bridge 4 to a lower value.
  • the ballast 1 described so far can be modified.
  • the activation or deactivation of the resonance capacitor 25 can be accomplished by a bridge connection 26, which is connected in parallel with the resonance capacitor 25.
  • a jumper is indicated.
  • the inverter half bridge 8 is set to a lower frequency when the line connection 26 is present, while being set to a higher frequency when the line connection 26 is absent.
  • the evaluation unit 18 contains in this case in addition to the in FIG. 2 illustrated circuit, a signal-inverting device or other circuitry measures that cause the switch 16 is conductive when no input to the input 27 AC voltage. Otherwise, due to the structure and function of the ballast 1 after FIG. 4 refer to the above description.
  • FIG. 5 Another variation illustrates FIG. 5 , There, the resonant capacitor 25 is activated or deactivated by establishing or disconnecting its ground connection via the line connection 26. Again this condition becomes monitored by the evaluation unit 18. Because of function and structure otherwise refer to the above description.
  • FIG. 6 Another modification shows FIG. 6 , This reverses the above-described functional principle.
  • the disconnectable line connection 26 now activates or deactivates the frequency-determining capacitor 12 of the RC circuit 9.
  • the inverter half bridge 8 accordingly operates at a higher or lower frequency. It can now activate or deactivate the resonance capacitor 25 in that its ground connection is designed as a fuse 31.
  • the half-bridge driver 8 now has a logic function that detects the removal of the line connection 26. This can be done either by internal evaluation of the self-adjusting operating frequency or by a separate line connection 32, via which the line connection 26 is controlled. If the half-bridge driver 8 detects the interruption of the line connection 26, it increases its operating frequency to the operating frequency which is now determined solely by the capacitor 11.
  • the half-bridge driver transitions to an operating frequency corresponding to the resonant frequency of the reactor 20 in conjunction with the resonant capacitor 24.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates another modified embodiment of the circuit according to the invention.
  • the circuit of the ballast 1 after FIG. 7 differs from the above-described embodiments by the type of frequency determination of the half-bridge driver 8.
  • a modified design of the resistor network is provided for frequency determination. Again, the frequency switching is done by activating or deactivating a frequency-determining device, here the resistor 12 ".
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the application of the invention in a ballast for fluorescent lamps with preheated electrodes.
  • a line connection 26 is provided, via which, in addition to the capacitor 24 ', the further capacitor 25' can be activated or deactivated.
  • a ballast for cold ignited fluorescent lamps has an inverter with at least two different frequencies.
  • a frequency control input allows switching from the one operating frequency.
  • On the output side it has a resonant circuit with two resonance frequencies. Between the resonance frequencies, for example, a capacitor 25 is switched over by activation or deactivation of a resonant component.
  • An evaluation unit detects the activation or deactivation of the resonant component 25 and outputs a corresponding signal to the frequency control input of the inverter so that it operates with the respectively appropriate operating frequency.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Ballast (1), en particulier pour tubes fluorescents, qui comprend :
    - un onduleur (4, 8) avec une entrée de commande de fréquence (17),
    - un circuit résonant qui est raccordé du côté sortie à l'onduleur (4,8) et qui comporte au moins un condensateur de résonance (25),
    - au moins un dispositif de commutation (26) pour activer ou désactiver le condensateur de résonance (25),
    ce ballast étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :
    - une unité d'évaluation (18), dont l'entrée est reliée à l'extrémité du condensateur de résonance (25) qui n'est pas à la masse, et qui saisit l'activation ou la désactivation de ce condensateur et délivre un signal correspondant à l'entrée de commande de fréquence (17) de l'onduleur (4, 8) de sorte que celui-ci fonctionne avec la fréquence adaptée chaque fois.
  2. Ballast (1), en particulier pour tubes fluorescents, qui comprend :
    - un onduleur (4, 8) qui peut fonctionner à une première et à une seconde fréquence de service,
    - au moins un dispositif de commutation (26) pour faire passer l'onduleur (4, 8) de la première à la seconde fréquence de service, et inversement,
    ce ballast étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :
    - une unité d'évaluation (8, 32) pour saisir si l'onduleur fonctionne avec la première ou avec la seconde fréquence de service et pour corrélativement activer ou désactiver le second condensateur de résonance (25) afin de régler automatiquement la fréquence de résonance d'un circuit résonant de manière que cette fréquence corresponde essentiellement à la fréquence de service de l'onduleur.
  3. Ballast (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la liaison à la masse du second condensateur de résonance (25) est réalisée sous la forme d'un coupe-circuit à fusible (31), le second condensateur de résonance (25) désactivant l'onduleur (4, 8) en même temps qu'il fait passer sa fréquence à une valeur entrainant un courant de résonance amplifié, de sorte que le coupe-circuit (31) fond.
  4. Ballast (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'onduleur (4, 8) peut être commuté entre au moins deux fréquences de travail différentes.
  5. Ballast (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le condensateur de résonance (25), seul ou associé à un autre condensateur de résonance (24), détermine avec une self de filtrage (20) une fréquence de résonance qui est en correspondance avec une des fréquences de travail de l'onduleur (4, 8).
  6. Ballast (1) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un autre condensateur de résonance (24) qui détermine avec la self de filtrage (20) une fréquence de résonance qui est en correspondance avec une autre fréquence de travail de l'onduleur (4, 8).
  7. Ballast (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commutation (26) est un conducteur qui peut être sectionné.
  8. Ballast (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commutation (26) est un strap enfichable.
  9. Ballast (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commutation (26) est un commutateur mécanique monopolaire.
  10. Ballast (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'évaluation (18) présente une entrée (27) recevant la tension alternative ainsi qu'une sortie du signal de commutation qui est raccordée à l'entrée de commande de fréquence.
EP07019688A 2007-02-21 2007-10-09 Ballast doté d'une commutation de puissance Not-in-force EP1962565B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007008395A DE102007008395A1 (de) 2007-02-21 2007-02-21 Vorschaltgerät mit Leistungsumschaltung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1962565A1 EP1962565A1 (fr) 2008-08-27
EP1962565B1 true EP1962565B1 (fr) 2011-06-08

Family

ID=39432842

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07019688A Not-in-force EP1962565B1 (fr) 2007-02-21 2007-10-09 Ballast doté d'une commutation de puissance

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1962565B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE512569T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007008395A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2364585T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106559951A (zh) * 2015-09-28 2017-04-05 亚荣源科技（深圳）有限公司 具灯管辨识功能的电子安定器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5719471A (en) * 1996-12-09 1998-02-17 General Electric Company Three-way dimming circuit for compact fluorescent lamp
US6414449B1 (en) * 2000-11-22 2002-07-02 City University Of Hong Kong Universal electronic ballast
US6628091B2 (en) * 2001-05-29 2003-09-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Electronic switch for a bi-level fluorescent lamp fixture
DE102005022592A1 (de) 2005-05-17 2006-11-23 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Entladungslampe mit schaltbarem Resonanzkondensator

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Publication number Publication date
ATE512569T1 (de) 2011-06-15
ES2364585T3 (es) 2011-09-07
EP1962565A1 (fr) 2008-08-27
DE102007008395A1 (de) 2008-08-28

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