EP1958696A2 - Electrofilter - Google Patents

Electrofilter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1958696A2
EP1958696A2 EP08002717A EP08002717A EP1958696A2 EP 1958696 A2 EP1958696 A2 EP 1958696A2 EP 08002717 A EP08002717 A EP 08002717A EP 08002717 A EP08002717 A EP 08002717A EP 1958696 A2 EP1958696 A2 EP 1958696A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrostatic precipitator
shaped
wire
spray
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08002717A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1958696A3 (en
Inventor
Georg Kuffer
Bernhard Hammerl
Christian Bickleder
Stefan Prof. Dr. Beer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Otto Spanner GmbH
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Otto Spanner GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Otto Spanner GmbH filed Critical Otto Spanner GmbH
Publication of EP1958696A2 publication Critical patent/EP1958696A2/en
Publication of EP1958696A3 publication Critical patent/EP1958696A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/025—Combinations of electrostatic separators, e.g. in parallel or in series, stacked separators, dry-wet separator combinations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/10—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of electrodes moving during separating action
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/60—Use of special materials other than liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/60—Use of special materials other than liquids
    • B03C3/64—Use of special materials other than liquids synthetic resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/743—Cleaning the electrodes by using friction, e.g. by brushes or sliding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/76—Cleaning the electrodes by using a mechanical vibrator, e.g. rapping gear ; by using impact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/04—Ionising electrode being a wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/08—Ionising electrode being a rod

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrostatic precipitator for purifying flue gases, in particular for purifying flue gases in heating systems, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Electrostatic precipitators for purifying flue gases especially for purifying flue gases in furnaces or boilers operated with wood or wood pellets are known (EP 1050341 B1 ). These electrostatic precipitators are designed as tube electrostatic precipitators, ie the respective fitter region is formed by an outer separator tube through which the flue gas flows and serves as a separator electrode, and a coaxially arranged in the vertical separator tube spray electrode.
  • the object of the invention is to show an electrostatic precipitator, which avoids this disadvantage.
  • an electrostatic filter according to the patent claim 1 is formed.
  • the at least one filter region formed in a filter housing is preferably a tube-type electrostatic precipitator comprising a separator tube forming an outer separator electrode and through which the flue gas flows and a coaxially disposed within the separator tube. Due to the special coating at least the Abscheideelektrode largely prevents the accumulation of particles on this electrode, so that a cleaning of the electrostatic precipitator is possibly only required at longer intervals and can then also be carried out in a simplified manner.
  • the coating is electrically conductive, so that the discharge of the moving in the electric field to the separating electrode particles and thus the falling of these particles is ensured by the deposition electrode.
  • the coating is e.g. a silane / siloxane modified polymer resin containing at least one electrically conductive filler, for example a plastic-based filler e.g. Graphite is mixed.
  • the carbon-based filler e.g., graphite
  • a high conductivity for the coating is achieved, i.a. resulting from the bonding ratios within the honeycomb carbon planes of graphite.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show in simplified Thomasdarstettung an electrostatic precipitator, explained in more detail.
  • the filter generally designated 1 in the figure serves to purify flue gases, ie to purify particles such as dust particles, soot particles, tarry and / or bituminous particles, etc. containing flue gases.
  • the electrostatic precipitator 1 consists inter alia of an outer made of metal, for example made of sheet steel cylindrical or substantially cylindrical housing 2, in which parallel to each other and also parallel to the vertical axis of the housing 2 more, ie in the illustrated embodiment a total of two of a tubular electrostatic filter 3 and 4 are provided, in such a way that the supplied via a flue gas inlet 5 in an upper chamber 6 to be cleaned flue gas flows through both tube electrostatic precipitators 3 and 4 in the direction of the vertical longitudinal axis of these filters from top to bottom, then after passing a lower chamber 7 in a likewise formed in the housing 2 flow channel 8 again flows upwards in the vertical direction and after a further deflection at 8.1 and after flowing through a channel 9 in the vertical direction down to the flue gas outlet 10 passes.
  • the flue gas inlet 5 is connected, for example, to a furnace or boiler operated with wood or wood pellets.
  • the flue gas outlet 10 is connected, for example, with a flue gas or flue gas stack.
  • the two tube electrostatic precipitators 3 and 4 each consist of an outer separator electrode 11 which forms a separator electrode and of an electrically conductive material, for example of sheet metal.
  • Each separator tube 11 is electrically connected to the housing 2, i. At least after installation of the filter 1, the separator tubes 11 are located on an electrical voltage level which corresponds to the general ground or the grounded housing 2.
  • the separator tubes 11 are coated on their inner surfaces in a special way, with a mass containing in a matrix of a heat-resistant plastic material a filler of an electrically conductive material, for example of a material based on carbon or graphite.
  • the separator tubes 11 have a very smooth, yet electrically conductive surface, so that the particles to be filtered out of the flue gas accumulate on the separator tubes 11 during filter operation, the particles deposited on the separator tubes 11 in the respective cleaning mode of the tubular electrostatic filter 3 and 4 but can be removed particularly easily, so that these particles then pass through the lower, open end of the separator tubes 11 under gravity into a collecting chamber 12 formed below the lower chamber 7.
  • the collecting space 12 is designed, for example, like a drawer for a simplified emptying.
  • the cleaning is carried out, for example, cyclically in predetermined time intervals and / or as a function of the operating time and / or manually controlled etc.
  • Each tube electrostatic filter 3 or 4 further consists of a spray electrode 13, which is arranged at least during the filter operation coaxially or approximately coaxially with the axis of the respective Abscheidderohres 11 and of a band or wire-shaped electrically conductive material, i. in the illustrated embodiment consists of a wire of the electrically conductive material, for example of metal.
  • the discharge electrodes 13 are each provided at the lower end with a mass weight 14 consisting of an electrically insulating material, so that at least during the filter operation the respective discharge electrode 13 is oriented freely suspended in the vertical direction and is arranged inside the separator 11 by the associated mass weight 14.
  • the discharge electrodes 13 extend through the upper chamber 6 and a board 15 terminating this chamber at the top of an electrically insulating material, in a chamber 16 formed above the board 15.
  • each discharge electrode 13 with its upper end to one Shaft 17 made of an electrically insulating material, such as plastic or ceramic attached.
  • the shaft 17 is mounted on the top of the board 15 at 18 and 19 and connected at one end to a likewise mounted on the board at 20 and led out of the housing 2 shaft 21.
  • the spray electrodes 13 can be moved outwardly by winding on the shaft 17 from the Abscheiderohren 11 or lowered by unwinding from the shaft 17 back into the separator tubes 11 and be moved ,
  • the passage areas for the discharge electrodes 13 on the circuit board 15 are designed to be electrically insulated, ie each formed by sleeves or bushings 22 of electrically non-conductive material.
  • the discharge electrodes 13 are suitably connected to a high voltage source.
  • the feedthroughs 22 are desirably designed to cause the discharge electrodes 13 to be cleaned by wiping when the discharge electrodes 13 are wound onto the shaft 17 ,
  • a high voltage is applied between the grounded separator tubes 11 and the discharge electrodes 13, for example a high voltage in the range between 10 and 40 kV, so that it is between the respective discharge electrode 13 and the associated separation tube 11 and thus within the tube electrostatic precipitators 3 and 4 flowing through flue gas to Korona-Enliadungen comes, with the result that the particles contained in the flue gas have been moved to the inner surface of the respective Abscheiderohres 11 and accumulate there, so that, inter alia also not be carried by the flue gas stream.
  • a cleaning drive 23 For cleaning the separator tubes 11, i. To remove the particles from the inner surfaces of the separator tubes 11 at least the separator tubes 11 are acted upon by a cleaning drive 23 with a shock and / or shaking and / or vibrational motion, for example with a vibrational motion in the ultrasonic range, so that the particles from the inner surfaces of the Loosen the separator tubes 11 and enter or fall into the collection chamber 12.
  • a cleaning drive 23 with a shock and / or shaking and / or vibrational motion, for example with a vibrational motion in the ultrasonic range, so that the particles from the inner surfaces of the Loosen the separator tubes 11 and enter or fall into the collection chamber 12.
  • the spray electrodes 13 are wound up, for example, by rotating the shaft 17 in order to also clean them on the bushings 22, which are designed as an absorber, of possibly adhering particles.
  • a suction and draft fan is indicated, which is housed in the illustrated embodiment in the chamber 9 to ensure a guaranteed train of the flue gas through the filter 1.
  • the suction and draft fan also has the advantage that air from the chamber 16 is sucked through openings or leaks in the partition wall 15 and in particular through the openings of the bushings 22 so that in the flue gas-containing particles, in particular electrically conductive particles (eg Soot particles) can not get into the chamber 16 and / or can attach to the bushings 22 and thus In particular, voltage flashovers between the spray electrodes and other electrically conductive components of the filter 1 are effectively prevented.
  • electrically conductive particles eg Soot particles
  • the spray electrodes 13 each consist of a wire or wall-like element made of an electrically conductive material, which is held taut within the associated separator tube 11 by a mass weight 14 attached to the lower end.
  • the two Sprühelektroden 13 are formed by a common length of a wire or other band-shaped, electrically conductive element, in the form that this band-shaped element in the region of the lower end of each tube filter 3 and 4 um guided a deflection and is held at the upper end to a arranged in the chamber 16 take-up.
  • a separate winding device is provided, so that the discharge electrodes 13 forming tape or wire-shaped element with a correspondingly large length for cleaning alternately unwound from the one take-up device and can be wound simultaneously from the other take-up.
  • the last-mentioned embodiments is also during the cleaning of the band or drabtförmige element always a relevant spray electrode 13 forming length of the hand or wire-like material in the respective Abscheiderohr 11, so that the cleaning of the discharge electrodes 13 and the band or wire-shaped Element is also possible during filtering, for example, by a constant movement of the discharge electrodes forming band or wire-shaped element.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment with a spray electrode 13a that is rod-shaped, specifically as a flat band-shaped electrode with a serrated side.
  • the spray electrode 13a is formed for example by a saw blade. In order to create symmetrical conditions, the spray electrode 13a is preferably twisted.
  • the spray electrode 13a is arranged suspended in the respective electrode or Abscheiderohr 11 and provided at its lower end and there with a ball, so that by vibration movement, this ball 26 can be brought to abut against the Abscheiderohr 11 and thereby an additional impact effect for cleaning the Separator ear is generated.
  • the insulator electrically separating the spray electrodes 13 and 13a from the other elements are charged with spray air, preferably with preheated spray air for removing condensate.
  • the spray air is supplied, for example, to the space 16, so that the spray air can pass through opening in the passage 22 to clean it.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

A filter (1) has an electrode arrangement supplied with a high voltage during a filter operation and comprising a spraying electrode (13) and a precipitation electrode (11) that is arranged at a distance from the spraying electrode. A filter space is formed between the electrodes, where gases to be cleaned pass through the filter space. One of the electrodes is provided with an electrically conducting coating on a surface facing the filter space, where the electrodes are made from an electrically conducting material e.g. metal.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Elektrofilter zum Reinigen von Rauchgasen, insbesondere zum Reinigen von Rauchgasen bei Heizungsanlagen, gemaß Oberbegriff Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to an electrostatic precipitator for purifying flue gases, in particular for purifying flue gases in heating systems, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Elektrofilter zum Reinigen von Rauchgasen, speziell zum Reinigen von Rauchgasen bei mit Holz oder Holzpellets betriebenen Öfen oder Heizkesseln sind bekannt ( EP 1050341 B1 ). Diese Elektrofilter sind als Röhrenelektrofilter ausgebildet, d.h. der jeweilige Fitterbereich ist von einer äußeren, von dem Rauchgas durchströmten und als Abscheideelektrode dienenden Abscheiderohr und einer koaxial in dem vertikalen Abscheiderohr angeordneten Sprühelektrode gebildet. Während des Filterbetriebes liegt zwischen dem geerdeten Abscheiderohr und der Spühelektrode eine Hochspannung an, die zu einer Korona-Entladung innerhalb des Abschederobres und damit innerhalb des dieses Rohr durchströmenden Rauchgases führt, so dass im Rauchgas mitgeführte Partikel elektrisch aufgeladen, dadurch an die elektrisch leitende Innenfläche des Abscheidrohres bewegt und nach ihrer Entladung an dem geerdeten Abscheiderohr durch Schwerkraft in einen unterhalb des offenen Abscheiderohres gebildeten Sammelraum gelangen. Nachteilig ist bei Elektrofiltern, dass sich ein Großteil der im Rauchgas mitgeführten Partikel an der Innenfläche des Abscheiderohres anlagert, so dass sehr häufig eine Reinigung des Abscheiderohres erforderlich ist.Electrostatic precipitators for purifying flue gases, especially for purifying flue gases in furnaces or boilers operated with wood or wood pellets are known ( EP 1050341 B1 ). These electrostatic precipitators are designed as tube electrostatic precipitators, ie the respective fitter region is formed by an outer separator tube through which the flue gas flows and serves as a separator electrode, and a coaxially arranged in the vertical separator tube spray electrode. During the filter operation, a high voltage is applied between the grounded separator tube and the spray electrode, which leads to a corona discharge within the Abschederobres and thus within the flue gas flowing through this pipe, so that in the flue gas entrained particles electrically charged, thereby to the electrically conductive inner surface of the Abscheidrohres moves and after their discharge at the grounded Abscheiderohr by gravity into a collecting space formed below the open Abscheididerohres reach. A disadvantage of electrostatic precipitators, that a large part of the entrained in the flue gas particles attaches to the inner surface of the Abscheiderohres, so that very often a cleaning of the Abscheiderohres is required.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Elektrofilter aufzuzeigen, welches diesen Nachteil vermeidet. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist ein Elektrofilter entsprechend dem Patentanspruch 1 ausgebildet.The object of the invention is to show an electrostatic precipitator, which avoids this disadvantage. To solve this problem, an electrostatic filter according to the patent claim 1 is formed.

Auch bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Elektrofilter ist der wenigstens eine in einem Filtergehäuse ausgebildete Filterbereich bevorzugt ein Röhrenetektrofilter bestehend aus einem eine äußere Abscheideelektrode bildenden und von dem Rauchgas durchströmten Abscheiderohr und einer koaxial innerhalb des Abscheiderohres angeordneten Sprühelektrode. Durch die spezielle Beschichtung zumindest der Abscheideelektrode ist weitestgehend ein Anlagern von Partikeln an dieser Elektrode vermieden, so dass eine Reinigung des Elektrofilters allenfalls nur noch in größeren Zeitabständen erforderlich ist und dann auch vereinfacht durchgeführt werden kann. Die Beschichtung ist elektrisch leitend, so dass das Entladen der im elektrisehen Feld an die Abscheideelektrode bewegten Partikel und damit das Abfallen dieser Partikel von der Abscheideelektrode gewährleistet ist.Also in the case of the electrostatic precipitator according to the invention, the at least one filter region formed in a filter housing is preferably a tube-type electrostatic precipitator comprising a separator tube forming an outer separator electrode and through which the flue gas flows and a coaxially disposed within the separator tube. Due to the special coating at least the Abscheideelektrode largely prevents the accumulation of particles on this electrode, so that a cleaning of the electrostatic precipitator is possibly only required at longer intervals and can then also be carried out in a simplified manner. The coating is electrically conductive, so that the discharge of the moving in the electric field to the separating electrode particles and thus the falling of these particles is ensured by the deposition electrode.

Als βeschichtung eignet sich eine Masse, die in einer Kunststoffmatrix, bevorzugt in einer Matrix aus einem hitzebeständigen Kunststoff wenigstens einen elektrisch leitenden Füller, beispielsweise wenigstens einen Füller auf Kohlenstoffbasis, beispielsweise auf Grafitbasis enthält. Die Beschichtung ist dabei z.B. ein silan/siloxan modifiziertes Polymerharz, dem wenigstens ein elektrisch leitender Füller, beispielsweise ein Füller auf Kunststoffbasis z.B. Grafit beigemischt ist. Speziell durch die Verwendung des Füllers auf Kohlenstoffbasis (z.B. Grafit) wird eine hohe Leitfähigkeit für die Beschichtung erreicht, und zwar u.a. resultierend aus den Bindungsverhältnisses innerhalb der wabenförmigen Kohtenstoffebenen von Grafit.A composition which contains in a plastic matrix, preferably in a matrix of a heat-resistant plastic, at least one electrically conductive filler, for example at least one carbon-based filler, for example based on graphite, is suitable as a β-coating. The coating is e.g. a silane / siloxane modified polymer resin containing at least one electrically conductive filler, for example a plastic-based filler e.g. Graphite is mixed. Specifically, by using the carbon-based filler (e.g., graphite), a high conductivity for the coating is achieved, i.a. resulting from the bonding ratios within the honeycomb carbon planes of graphite.

Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Figuren 1 und 2, die in vereinfachter Schnittdarstettung ein Elektrofilter zeigen, naher erläutert.Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. The invention will be described below with reference to the FIGS. 1 and 2 , which show in simplified Schnittdarstettung an electrostatic precipitator, explained in more detail.

Das in der Figur allgemein mit 1 bezeichnete Filter dient zum Reinigen von Rauchgasen, d.h. zum Reinigen von Partikel, wie Staubpartikel, Rußpartikel, teerartige und/oder bituminöse Partikel usw. enthaltenden Rauchgasen. Das Elektrofilter 1 besteht u.a. aus einem äußeren aus Metall, beispielsweise aus Stahlblech gefertigten zylindrischen oder im Wesentlichen zylindrischen Gehäuse 2, in welchem parallel zueinander und auch parallel zu der vertikalen Achse des Gehäuses 2 mehrere, d.h. bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform insgesamt zwei jeweils von einem Röhrenelektrofilter 3 und 4 gebildete Filterbereiche vorgesehen sind, und zwar derart, dass das über einen Rauchgaseinlass 5 in eine obere Kammer 6 zugeführe, zu reinigende Rauchgas beide Röhrenelektrofilter 3 und 4 in Richtung der vertikalen Längsachse dieser Filter von oben nach unten durchströmt, dann nach dem Passieren einer unteren Kammer 7 in einem ebenfalls im Gehäuse 2 ausgebildeten Strömungskanal 8 wieder in vertikaler Richtung nach oben strömt und nach einer nochmaligen Umlenkung bei 8.1 und nach einem Durchströmen eines Kanals 9 in vertikaler Richtung nach unten an den Rauchgasauslass 10 gelangt.The filter generally designated 1 in the figure serves to purify flue gases, ie to purify particles such as dust particles, soot particles, tarry and / or bituminous particles, etc. containing flue gases. The electrostatic precipitator 1 consists inter alia of an outer made of metal, for example made of sheet steel cylindrical or substantially cylindrical housing 2, in which parallel to each other and also parallel to the vertical axis of the housing 2 more, ie in the illustrated embodiment a total of two of a tubular electrostatic filter 3 and 4 are provided, in such a way that the supplied via a flue gas inlet 5 in an upper chamber 6 to be cleaned flue gas flows through both tube electrostatic precipitators 3 and 4 in the direction of the vertical longitudinal axis of these filters from top to bottom, then after passing a lower chamber 7 in a likewise formed in the housing 2 flow channel 8 again flows upwards in the vertical direction and after a further deflection at 8.1 and after flowing through a channel 9 in the vertical direction down to the flue gas outlet 10 passes.

Der Rauchgaseinlass 5 ist beispielsweise an einen mit Holz oder Holtzpellets betriebenen Ofen oder Kessel angeschlossen. Der Rauchgasauslass 10 ist beispielsweise mit einem Rauchgas- oder Abgaskamin verbunden.The flue gas inlet 5 is connected, for example, to a furnace or boiler operated with wood or wood pellets. The flue gas outlet 10 is connected, for example, with a flue gas or flue gas stack.

Die beiden Röhrenelektrofilter 3 und 4 bestehen jeweils aus einem äußeren, eine Abscheideelektrode bildenden Abscheiderohr 11 aus einem elektrisch leitenden Werkstoff, beispielsweise aus Metallblech. Jedes Abscheiderohr 11 ist mit dem Gehäuse 2 elektrisch verbunden, d.h. die Abscheiderohre 11 befinden sich zumindest nach dem Einbau des Filters 1 auf einem elektrischen Spannungsnivcau, welches der allgenieinen Masse bzw. dem geerdeten Gehäuse 2 entspricht.The two tube electrostatic precipitators 3 and 4 each consist of an outer separator electrode 11 which forms a separator electrode and of an electrically conductive material, for example of sheet metal. Each separator tube 11 is electrically connected to the housing 2, i. At least after installation of the filter 1, the separator tubes 11 are located on an electrical voltage level which corresponds to the general ground or the grounded housing 2.

Die Abscheiderohre 11 sind an ihren Innenflächen in einer besonderen Weise beschichtet, und zwar mit einer Masse, die in einer Matrix aus einem hitzebeständigen Kunststoffmaterial einen Füller aus einen elektrisch leitenden Material, nämlich beispielsweise aus einem Material auf Kohlenstoff- oder Grafit-Basis enthält. Durch diese Beschichtung weisen die Abscheiderohre 11 eine sehr glatte, dennoch elektrisch leitende Oberfläche, auf, so dass sich während des Filterbetriebs zwar die auszufilternden Partikel aus dem Rauchgas an den Abscheiderohren 11 anlagern, die an den Abscheiderohren 11 angelagerten Partikel im jeweiligen Reinigungsmodus der Röhrenelektrofilter 3 und 4 aber besonders leicht entfernt werden können, so dass diese Partikel dann über das untere, offene Ende der Abscheiderohre 11 unter Schwerkraft in einen unterhalb der unteren Kammer 7 gebildeten Sammelraum 12 gelangen. Der Sammelraum 12 ist für eine vereinfachte Entleerung beispielsweise schubladenartig ausgebildet. Die Reinigung erfolgt beispielsweise zyklisch in vorgegebenen Zeitintervallen und/oder in Abhängigkeit von der Betriebsdauer und/oder manuell gesteuert usw.The separator tubes 11 are coated on their inner surfaces in a special way, with a mass containing in a matrix of a heat-resistant plastic material a filler of an electrically conductive material, for example of a material based on carbon or graphite. As a result of this coating, the separator tubes 11 have a very smooth, yet electrically conductive surface, so that the particles to be filtered out of the flue gas accumulate on the separator tubes 11 during filter operation, the particles deposited on the separator tubes 11 in the respective cleaning mode of the tubular electrostatic filter 3 and 4 but can be removed particularly easily, so that these particles then pass through the lower, open end of the separator tubes 11 under gravity into a collecting chamber 12 formed below the lower chamber 7. The collecting space 12 is designed, for example, like a drawer for a simplified emptying. The cleaning is carried out, for example, cyclically in predetermined time intervals and / or as a function of the operating time and / or manually controlled etc.

Jedes Röhrendektrofilter 3 bzw. 4 besteht weiterhin aus einer Sprühelektrode 13, die zumindest während des Filterbetriebs achsgleich oder annähernd achsgleich mit der Achse des jeweiligen Abscheiderohres 11 angeordnet ist und aus einem band- oder drahtförmigen elektrisch leitenden Material, d.h. bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform aus einem Draht aus dem elektrisch leitenden Material, beispielsweise aus Metall besteht. Die Sprühelektroden 13 sind am unteren Ende jeweils mit einem aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material bestehenden Massengewicht 14 versehen, so dass zumindest während des Filterbetriebs die jeweilige Sprühelektrode 13 frei hängend in vertikaler Richtung orientiert sowie durch das zugehörige Massengewicht 14 gespannt innerhalb des Abscheiderohres 11 angeordnet ist.Each tube electrostatic filter 3 or 4 further consists of a spray electrode 13, which is arranged at least during the filter operation coaxially or approximately coaxially with the axis of the respective Abscheidderohres 11 and of a band or wire-shaped electrically conductive material, i. in the illustrated embodiment consists of a wire of the electrically conductive material, for example of metal. The discharge electrodes 13 are each provided at the lower end with a mass weight 14 consisting of an electrically insulating material, so that at least during the filter operation the respective discharge electrode 13 is oriented freely suspended in the vertical direction and is arranged inside the separator 11 by the associated mass weight 14.

Die Sprühelektroden 13 reichen durch die obere Kammer 6 und eine diese Kammer an der Oberseite abschließende Platine 15 aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material hindurch, und zwar in eine oberhalb der Platine 15 gebildete Kammer 16. In dieser ist jede Sprühelektrode 13 mit ihrem oberen Ende an einer Welle 17 aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material, beispielsweise aus Kunststoff oder Keramik befestigt. Die Welle 17 ist auf der Oberseite der Platine 15 bei 18 und 19 gelagert und mit einem Ende mit einer ebenfalls auf der Platine bei 20 gelagerten und aus dem Gehäuse 2 herausgeführten Welle 21 verbunden. Durch Drehen der Welle 21 und damit der Welle 17 über einen äußeren Antrieb können die Sprühelektroden 13 durch Aufwickeln auf die Welle 17 aus den Abscheiderohren 11 nach oben heraus bewegt bzw. durch Abwickeln von der Welle 17 wieder in die Abscheiderohre 11 abgesenkt bzw. hineinbewegt werden.The discharge electrodes 13 extend through the upper chamber 6 and a board 15 terminating this chamber at the top of an electrically insulating material, in a chamber 16 formed above the board 15. In this, each discharge electrode 13 with its upper end to one Shaft 17 made of an electrically insulating material, such as plastic or ceramic attached. The shaft 17 is mounted on the top of the board 15 at 18 and 19 and connected at one end to a likewise mounted on the board at 20 and led out of the housing 2 shaft 21. By rotating the shaft 21 and thus the shaft 17 via an external drive, the spray electrodes 13 can be moved outwardly by winding on the shaft 17 from the Abscheiderohren 11 or lowered by unwinding from the shaft 17 back into the separator tubes 11 and be moved ,

Die Durchtrittsbereiche für die Sprühelektroden 13 an der Platine 15 sind elektrisch isoliert ausgeführt, d.h. jeweils von Hülsen oder Durchführungen 22 aus elektrisch nicht leitendem Material gebildet. Innerhalb der Kammer 16, z.B. im Bereich der Durchführungen 22 sind die Sprühelektroden 13 in geeigneter Weise mit einer Hochspannungsquelle verbunden.Die Durchführungen 22 sind beworzugt so ausgebildet, dass sie beim Aufwickeln der Sprühelektroden 13 auf die Welle 17 eine Reinigung der Sprühelektroden 13 durch Abstreifen bewirken.The passage areas for the discharge electrodes 13 on the circuit board 15 are designed to be electrically insulated, ie each formed by sleeves or bushings 22 of electrically non-conductive material. Within the chamber 16, for example in the region of the bushings 22, the discharge electrodes 13 are suitably connected to a high voltage source. The feedthroughs 22 are desirably designed to cause the discharge electrodes 13 to be cleaned by wiping when the discharge electrodes 13 are wound onto the shaft 17 ,

Während des Filterbetriebes liegt zwischen den geerdeten Abscheiderohre 11 und den Sprühelektroden 13 eine Hochspannung an, beispielsweise eine Hochspannung im Bereich zwischen 10 und 40 kV, so dass es zwischen der jeweiligen Sprühelektrode 13 und den zugeordneten Abscheiderohr 11 und damit innerhalb des die Röhrenelektrofilter 3 und 4 durchströmenden Rauchgases zu Korona-Enliadungen kommt, und zwar mit dem Ergebnis, dass die im Rauchgas enthaltenen Partikel an die Innenfläche des jeweiligen Abscheiderohres 11 bewegt worden und sich dort anlagern, so dass sie u.a. auch durch den Rauchgasstrom nicht mitgeführt werden.During filter operation, a high voltage is applied between the grounded separator tubes 11 and the discharge electrodes 13, for example a high voltage in the range between 10 and 40 kV, so that it is between the respective discharge electrode 13 and the associated separation tube 11 and thus within the tube electrostatic precipitators 3 and 4 flowing through flue gas to Korona-Enliadungen comes, with the result that the particles contained in the flue gas have been moved to the inner surface of the respective Abscheiderohres 11 and accumulate there, so that, inter alia also not be carried by the flue gas stream.

Zum Abreinigen der Abscheiderohre 11, d.h. zum Entfernen der Partikel von den Innenflächen der Abscheiderohre 11 werden zumindest die Abscheiderohre 11 über einen Reinigungsantrieb 23 mit einer Stoß- und/oder Schüttel- und/oder Vibrationsbewegung, beispielsweise mit einer Vibrationsbewegung im Ultraschallbereich beaufschlagt, so dass sich die Partikel von den Innenflächen der Abscheiderohre 11 lösen und in den Sammelraum 12 gelangen bzw. fallen. Durch die Beschichtung der Innenflächen der Abscheiderohre 11 ist zwar das für den Filtereffekt notwendige Anhaften der Partikel an den Innenflächen der Abscheiderohre 11 erreicht, dennoch aber diese besonders einfache Abreinigung ohne mechanische, entlang der Innenflächen bewegte Reingungselemente, wie Schaber usw. möglich.For cleaning the separator tubes 11, i. To remove the particles from the inner surfaces of the separator tubes 11 at least the separator tubes 11 are acted upon by a cleaning drive 23 with a shock and / or shaking and / or vibrational motion, for example with a vibrational motion in the ultrasonic range, so that the particles from the inner surfaces of the Loosen the separator tubes 11 and enter or fall into the collection chamber 12. By coating the inner surfaces of the separator tubes 11, although the necessary for the filter effect adherence of the particles on the inner surfaces of the separator tubes 11 is reached, but this very simple cleaning without mechanical, moving along the inner surfaces cleaning elements, such as scrapers, etc. possible.

Während des Reinigungsmodus werden beispielsweise durch Drehen der Welle 17 die Sprühelektroden 13 aufgewickelt, um diese ebenfalls an den als Ahstreifer ausgebildeten Durchführungen 22 von evtl. anhaftenden Partikeln zu reinigen.During the cleaning mode, the spray electrodes 13 are wound up, for example, by rotating the shaft 17 in order to also clean them on the bushings 22, which are designed as an absorber, of possibly adhering particles.

Mit 24 ist ein Saug- und Zuggebläse angedeutet, welches bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform in der Kammer 9 untergebracht ist, um einen garantierten Zug des Rauchgases durch das Filter 1 zu gewährleisten. Das Saug- und Zuggebläse hat auch den Vorteil, dass Luft aus der Kammer 16 durch Öffnungen oder Leckagen in der Trennwand 15 und dabei insbesondere auch durch die Öffnungen der Durchführungen 22 angesaugt wird, sodass im Rauchgas enthaltende Partikel, insbesondere auch elektrisch leitende Partikel (z.B. Rußpartikel) nicht in die Kammer 16 gelangen und/oder sich an den Durchführungen 22 anlagern können und somit insbesondere auch Spannungsüberschläge zwischen den Sprühelektroden und anderen elektrisch leitenden Komponenten des Filters 1 wirksam verhindert sind.At 24, a suction and draft fan is indicated, which is housed in the illustrated embodiment in the chamber 9 to ensure a guaranteed train of the flue gas through the filter 1. The suction and draft fan also has the advantage that air from the chamber 16 is sucked through openings or leaks in the partition wall 15 and in particular through the openings of the bushings 22 so that in the flue gas-containing particles, in particular electrically conductive particles (eg Soot particles) can not get into the chamber 16 and / or can attach to the bushings 22 and thus In particular, voltage flashovers between the spray electrodes and other electrically conductive components of the filter 1 are effectively prevented.

Vorstehend wurde davon ausgegangen, dass die Sprühelektroden 13 jeweils von einem Draht- oder Wandartigen Element aus einem elektrisch leitenden Material bestehen, welches durch ein am unteren Ende angebrachtes Massengewicht 14 gespannt innerhalb des zugehörigen Abscheiderohrs 11 gehalten ist. Auch andere Ausführungen sind selbstverständlich denkbar. Insbesondere ist es auch möglich, dass die beiden Sprühelektroden 13 von einer gemeinsamen Lange eines Drahtes oder eines anderen bandförmigen, elektrisch leitenden Elementes gebildet sind, und zwar in der Form, dass dieses bandförmige Element im Bereich des unteren Endes jedes Röhrenfilters 3 bzw. 4 um eine Umlenkung geführt und am oberen Ende an einer in der Kammer 16 angeordneten Aufwickelvorrichtung gehalten ist. Für jedes Ende der Sprühelektrode ist eine eigene Aufwickelvorrichtung vorgesehen, sodass das die Sprühelektroden 13 bildende band- oder drahtförmige Element bei entsprechend großer Länge zum Abreinigen wechselweise von der einen Aufwickeleinrichtung abgewickelt und von der anderen Aufwickelvorrichtung gleichzeitig aufgewickelt werden kann.It has been assumed above that the spray electrodes 13 each consist of a wire or wall-like element made of an electrically conductive material, which is held taut within the associated separator tube 11 by a mass weight 14 attached to the lower end. Other designs are of course conceivable. In particular, it is also possible that the two Sprühelektroden 13 are formed by a common length of a wire or other band-shaped, electrically conductive element, in the form that this band-shaped element in the region of the lower end of each tube filter 3 and 4 um guided a deflection and is held at the upper end to a arranged in the chamber 16 take-up. For each end of the spray electrode, a separate winding device is provided, so that the discharge electrodes 13 forming tape or wire-shaped element with a correspondingly large length for cleaning alternately unwound from the one take-up device and can be wound simultaneously from the other take-up.

Weiterhin besteht auch die Möglichkoit, das die beiden Sprühelektroden ausbildende band- oder drahtförmige Elemente als geschlossenen Schlaufe auszuführen, die dann über Umlenkrollen innerhalb der Kammer 16 und über Umlenkrollen unterhalb der Abscheideelektroden bzw. Rohre 11 geführt ist, wobei wenigstens eine Umlenkrolle in der Kammer 16 angetrieben ist, und zwar für einen Umlauf der die Sprühetektroden bildenden Schlaufe für eine Abreinigung dieser Schlaufe bzw. Sprühelektroden 13.Furthermore, there is also the possibility of carrying out the two discharge electrodes forming band or wire-shaped elements as a closed loop, which is then guided via pulleys within the chamber 16 and pulleys below the separation electrodes or tubes 11, wherein at least one deflection roller in the chamber 16th is driven, for a circulation of the spray electrodes forming loop for a cleaning of this loop or discharge electrodes thirteenth

Bei beiden, letzt genannten Ausführungsformen befindet sich auch während der Abreinigung des band- oder drabtförmige Elementes stets eine die betreffende Sprühelektrode 13 bildende Länge des hand- oder drahtartigen Materials im betreffenden Abscheiderohr 11, sodass die Abreinigung der Sprühelektroden 13 bzw. des band- oder drahtförmige Elementes auch während der Filterung möglich ist, beispielsweise durch eine ständige Bewegung des die Sprühelektroden bildenden band- oder drahtförmige Elementes.In both, the last-mentioned embodiments is also during the cleaning of the band or drabtförmige element always a relevant spray electrode 13 forming length of the hand or wire-like material in the respective Abscheiderohr 11, so that the cleaning of the discharge electrodes 13 and the band or wire-shaped Element is also possible during filtering, for example, by a constant movement of the discharge electrodes forming band or wire-shaped element.

Die Erfindung wurde voranstehend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben. Es versteht sich, dass Änderungen sowie Abwandlungen möglich sind. Insbesondere ist es möglich, die Sprühelektroden 13 ebenfalls mit der elektrisch leitenden, ein Anhaften von Partikeln erschwerenden Masse zu beschichten. Weiterhin ist es z.B. möglich, die Sprühelektroden 13 anders als beschrieben zu realisieren, beispielsweise in Form von koaxial in den Abscheiderohren 11 angeordneten Stäben.The invention has been described above by means of an embodiment. It is understood that changes and modifications are possible. In particular, it is also possible to coat the spray electrodes 13 with the electrically conductive mass which aggravates the adhesion of particles. Furthermore, it is e.g. possible to realize the spray electrodes 13 differently than described, for example in the form of coaxially arranged in the Abscheiderohren 11 rods.

Vorstehend wurde davon ausgegangen, dass die Sprühelektroden 13a jeweils band-oder drahtförmige Elektroden sind. Die Figur 3 zeigt eine Ausführungsform mit einer Sprühelektrode 13a, die stabförmig ausgebildet ist, und zwar konkret als flache, bandförmige Elektrode mit einer gezackten Seite. Die Sprühelektrode 13a ist dabei beispielsweise von einem Sägeblatt gebildet. Um symmetrische Verhältnisse zu schaffen, ist die Sprühelektrode 13a vorzugsweise gedreht bzw. verwunden.In the foregoing, it has been assumed that the discharge electrodes 13a are band-shaped or wire-shaped electrodes, respectively. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment with a spray electrode 13a that is rod-shaped, specifically as a flat band-shaped electrode with a serrated side. The spray electrode 13a is formed for example by a saw blade. In order to create symmetrical conditions, the spray electrode 13a is preferably twisted.

Die Sprühelektrode 13a ist in dem jeweiligen Elektroden- oder Abscheiderohr 11 hängend angeordnet und an ihrem unteren Ende frei sowie dort mit einer Kugel versehen, sodass durch Vibrationsbewegung diese Kugel 26 zum Anschlag gegen das Abscheiderohr 11 gebracht werden kann und dadurch eine zusätzliche Stoßwirkung zum Abreinigen des Abscheiderohres erzeugt wird.The spray electrode 13a is arranged suspended in the respective electrode or Abscheiderohr 11 and provided at its lower end and there with a ball, so that by vibration movement, this ball 26 can be brought to abut against the Abscheiderohr 11 and thereby an additional impact effect for cleaning the Separator ear is generated.

Zum Reinigen der die Sprühelektrode 13 bzw. 13a von den übrigen Elementen elektrisch trennenden Isolatoren, insbesondere auch zur Reinigung der Durchführungen 22 und anderer Isolaloren werden diese mit Sprühluft beaufschlagt, und zwar vorzugsweise mit vorgewärmter Sprühluft zum Entfernen von Kondensat. Zum Reinigen der Durchführung 22 wird die Sprühluft beispielsweise dem Raum 16 zugeführt, sodass die Sprühluft durch Öffnen in der Durchführung 22 zu deren Reinigung hindurchtreten kann.To clean the insulator electrically separating the spray electrodes 13 and 13a from the other elements, in particular also for cleaning the bushings 22 and other isolators, they are charged with spray air, preferably with preheated spray air for removing condensate. For cleaning the passage 22, the spray air is supplied, for example, to the space 16, so that the spray air can pass through opening in the passage 22 to clean it.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Elektrofilterelectrostatic precipitator
22
Gehäusecasing
3,43.4
Filterbereich oder RöhrenelektrofilterFilter area or tubular electrostatic filter
55
RauchgaseinlassFlue gas inlet
6, 76, 7
Kammerchamber
8.18.1
Umlenkungredirection
99
Kammerchamber
1010
Rauchgasauslassflue gas outlet
1111
Abscheideelektrode oder AbscheiderohrSeparating electrode or separating tube
1212
Sammelraumplenum
13, 13a13, 13a
Sprühelektrodespray electrode
1414
Gewichtsmasseweight mass
1515
Platine aus elektrisch isolierenden MaterialBoard made of electrically insulating material
1616
Kammerchamber
1717
Wellewave
18, 19, 2018, 19, 20
Lagercamp
2121
Wellewave
2222
Durchführungexecution
2323
Reinigungsantrieb bzw. VibratorCleaning drive or vibrator
2424
Saug-zuggebläseSuction draft fan
2525
Umlenkungredirection
2626
KugelBullet
AA
Strömungsrichtung des RauchgasesFlow direction of the flue gas

Claims (17)

Elektrofilter zum Reinigen vorl Partikel aufweisenden Gasen, insbesondere zum Reinigen von Rauchgasen, mit wenigstens einer während eines Filterbetriebs mit einer Hochspannung beaufschlagten Elektrodenanordnung bestehend aus wenigstens einer Sprühelektrode (13) und aus wenigstens einer von dieser beabstandeten Abscheideelektrode (11), wobei die Elektroden zwischen sich einen von dem zu reinigenden Gas durchströmten Filterraum bilden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eine der Elektroden (11, 13) wenigstens an ihrer den Filterraum zugewandten Oberfläche mit einer elektrisch leitenden, ein Lösen von Partikeln, d.h. ein Abreinigen erleichternden Beschichtung versehen ist.Electrostatic precipitator for purifying particulate gases, in particular for purifying flue gases, comprising at least one electrode assembly subjected to a high voltage during a filter operation, comprising at least one ejection electrode (13) and at least one deposition electrode (11) spaced therefrom, the electrodes between them form a filter chamber through which the gas to be purified flows,
characterized in that at least one of the electrodes (11, 13) at least on its surface facing the filter chamber with an electrically conductive, a release of particles, ie a cleaning facilitating coating is provided. Elektrofilter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Sprühelektrode (13) und die Abscheideelektrode (11) zumindest an ihren einander zugewandten Oberflächen aus einem elektrisch leitenden Material, beispielsweise Metall bestehen.Electrofilter according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one spray electrode (13) and the precipitation electrode (11) consist of an electrically conductive material, for example metal, at least on their mutually facing surfaces. Elektrofilter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung in einer Matrix aus Kunststoff wenigstens einen Füller aus einem elektrisch leitenden Material enthält.Electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coating contains in a matrix of plastic at least one filler of an electrically conductive material. Elektrofilter nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung oder eine diese Beschichtung bildende Masse wenigstens einen Füller auf Kohlenstoffbasis, beispielsweise wenigstens einen Füller auf Grafit-Basis enthält.Electrostatic precipitator according to claim 3, characterized in that the coating or a composition forming this coating contains at least one carbon-based filler, for example at least one graphite-based filler. Elektrofilter nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Beschichtung bildende Kunststoffmatrix Polymerharz, beispielsweise ein silan/siloxan-modifiziertes Polymerharz ist.Electrofilter according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the plastic matrix forming the coating is polymer resin, for example a silane / siloxane-modified polymer resin. Elektrofilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Abscheideelektrode ein Abscheiderohr (11) und die wenigstens eine Sprühelektrode (1 3) eine koaxial im Abscheiderohr (11) angeordnete Elektrode ist.Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one deposition electrode is a separator tube (11) and the at least one spray electrode (1 3) is a coaxially arranged in the separator tube (11) electrode. Elektrofilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Sprühelektrode (13) ein Stab oder eine band- oder drahtförmige Elektrode ist.Electrofilter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one spray electrode (13) is a rod or a ribbon or wire-shaped electrode. Elektrofilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die band- oder drahtförmige Sprühelektrode (13) mit ihrer Achse in vertikaler Richtung orientiert ist.Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ribbon or wire-shaped spray electrode (13) is oriented with its axis in the vertical direction. Elektrofilter nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine band- oder drahtförmige Sprühelektrode (13) an ihrem oberen Ende gehalten und an ihrem unteren Ende mit einem Massengewicht (14) versehen ist.Electrofilter according to Claim 8, characterized in that the at least one ribbon or wire-shaped discharge electrode (13) is held at its upper end and provided at its lower end with a mass weight (14). Elektrofilter nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Sprühelektrode (13) von wenigsten einer Schlaufe aus einem band- oder drahtförmigen Material gebildet ist.Electrofilter according to Claim 8, characterized in that the at least one spray electrode (13) of at least one loop is formed of a band-shaped or wire-shaped material. Elektrofilter nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Sprühelektrode (13) von wenigsten einer geschlossenen Schlaufe aus dem band-oder drahtförmigen Material gebildet ist.Electrofilter according to Claim 10, characterized in that the at least one spray electrode (13) of at least one closed loop is formed from the band-shaped or wire-shaped material. Elektrofilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch Mittel zum Auf- und Abwickeln der wenigstens einen band- oder drahtförmigen Sprühelektrode (13).Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by means for winding and unwinding the at least one ribbon or wire-shaped discharge electrode (13). Elektrofilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch Mittel zum Antreiben der die wenigstens eine Sprühelektrode (13) bildenden geschlossenen Schlaufe.Electrofilter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by means for driving the closed loop forming the at least one spray electrode (13). Elektrofilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch Abstreif- und/oder Reinigungsmittel (22) zum Reinigen der band- oder drahtförmigen Sprühelektrode (13) durch Relativbewegung zwischen dieser Elektrode und den Abstreif- und/oder Reinigungsmitteln (22).Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by stripping and / or cleaning means (22) for cleaning the belt or wire-shaped spray electrode (13) by relative movement between this electrode and the stripping and / or cleaning means (22). Elektrofilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch Antriebsmittel (23) zum Aufprägen einer Stoß- und/oder Schüttel- und/oder Vibrations-Bewegung auf die wenigstens eine Sprühelektrode (13) und/oder auf die wenigstens eine Abscheideelektrode (11) zum Entfernen von angelagerten Partikeln.Electrofilter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by drive means (23) for imposing a shock and / or shaking and / or vibration movement on the at least one spray electrode (13) and / or on the at least one separation electrode (11) for removal of accumulated particles. Elektrofilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere jeweils wenigstens eine Abscheideelektrode (11) und eine Sprühelektrode (13) aufweisende Filterbereiche parallel zueinander vorgesehen sind.Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of in each case at least one deposition electrode (11) and a spray electrode (13) having filter areas are provided parallel to each other. Elektrofilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch ein Gebläse, vorzugsweise durch ein Saug-Zuggebläse (24).Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a blower, preferably by a suction draw fan (24).
EP08002717.0A 2007-02-16 2008-02-15 Electrofilter Withdrawn EP1958696A3 (en)

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DE202007002498 2007-02-16
DE202007004263U DE202007004263U1 (en) 2007-02-16 2007-03-20 Electric filter for cleaning flue gas, has electrode arrangement comprising spraying electrode and precipitation electrode, where one of electrodes is provided with electrically conducting coating on surface facing filter space

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