DE102008002857A1 - Particle separator, particularly for internal combustion engine, has separating base A with opening, which is provided in cylindrical separator housing after exhaust gas supply opening - Google Patents

Abstract

The particle separator has a separating base A (3) with an opening (4) which is provided in a cylindrical separator housing (1) after the exhaust gas supply opening (2). The opening is arranged between center of a circle and a cyclone-deduster ring (7). A cyclone feed channel (5) is provided in the separator housing at the lower side of the separating base A at the openings. The outer wall of a cyclone chamber (6) is formed as cyclone deduster ring in the form of a cylinder cover with openings.

Description

Various dust and soot filters and particle separators are already known. So will in the DE 38 04 779 C2 a device for removing soot particles from the exhaust stream of a diesel engine with a arranged in the exhaust pipe soot particulate collection, are provided in which located at different electrical potential conductor elements between which the soot particles are intercepted and generate a short circuit through which the soot particles on their required reaction temperature to be brought to automatic combustion, wherein in the exhaust pipe, a centrifugal separator is provided, that the soot particulate collecting a on the Abscheideseite of the centrifugal separator connected thereto and with respect to its longitudinal axis rotationally symmetrical trained soot particulate collecting chamber and that a small distance from the inner surface of the soot particulate collecting chamber a plurality of electrodes are arranged which have different potentials with each other or with respect to the soot particulate collection chamber. Furthermore, in the DE 38 42 000 A1 a centrifugal separator or cyclone for an exhaust gas purification device in internal combustion engines with a housing described which has a tangential Rohgaszuführung, a central coaxial clean gas discharge and arranged at the remote from the Rohgaszuführung end for discharging deposited in the housing particle agglomerates by means of a separated from the exhaust stream carrier gas stream. In order to adjust the carrier gas stream flowing out of the outlet to an advantageous minimum quantity required for the particle discharge, the outlet is designed as a throttle cross section, which is preferably dimensioned such that the size of the carrier gas stream is less than 10% of the crude gas stream. Preferably, the outlet is designed as an annular coaxial throttle gap. In the DE 3905825 A1 a centrifugal Rußabscheidung is described, according to the invention, an exhaust gas stream is accelerated by a high-speed fan and directed against a fixed wall. There, the soot particles contained in the exhaust gas impinge and accumulate, while the exhaust gas flow escapes through a further connecting piece. The impact wall can be the wall of a cyclone, or the closed end of a pipe socket or container that can be opened for emptying. In the cyclone, the soot particles collect in the lower part and can be removed there, preferably through a lock. By forming the impact surface in the cyclone as an electrostatic plate stripped away from the other cyclone, combination with the electrostatic soot deposition method can be achieved, but much lower electrostatic voltages are required. The centrifugal soot separation can be used particularly advantageously in larger stationary internal combustion engines. The DE 20 2005 006 137 U1 describes a device for removing soot particles from exhaust gases, such as in particular from exhaust gases of commercial vehicles powered by diesel fuel, with a chamber through which the exhaust gases supplied via an exhaust pipe are passed in a turbulent flow, wherein the chamber is designed in the manner of a pot, this pot is seated in an outer container, wherein between the pot and the outer container, an air gap is present and has a device for generating a vortex flow in the air gap and in the interior of the pot. The DE 37 32 552 A1 describes a device for removing solid particles, in particular soot particles, from the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, which has an exhaust gas flowed through the electrostatic precipitator with at least one filter tube and a downstream centrifugal separator with a plurality of parallel-axis cyclones.

task The invention is a highly effective particle separator or Electro particle separator, in particular for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles.

With the invention is achieved in the specified application, that a particle separator is provided, wherein the exhaust gases in the cylindrical particle separator through an exhaust gas feed opening and via cyclone feed channels into a cyclone chamber be directed. By the exhaust gas flow are the particle-loaded Exhaust gases in the cyclone chamber accelerates the particles through the centrifugal force is carried to the outside and through a cyclone deduster ring be deposited. Depending on the strength of the exhaust pressure and the size of the cyclone chamber become the particulate contaminated Exhaust gases accelerated. At the exposed circular openings or slits of the cyclone deduster ring arise in the multi-rotating Cyclone flow zones calmed air vortex, which immediately in the area of exposed openings or slots directed against the cyclone flow, causing the centrifugal force thrown outwards to the cyclone deduster ring Collect particles and through the openings of the cyclone deduster ring be pressed and into the dust and solid particle chamber get under the separator. By reducing the diameter the cyclone chamber becomes the cyclone flow velocity increases, thereby also smaller particles by the centrifugal force go outside to the cyclone deduster ring and through whose openings are pressed. This effect However, this occurs only when opening the valve in the dust and solid particle chamber individually regulated Cleaning flow is enabled.

The exhaust gas cleaned by particles is passed through an opening in the middle of the cyclone chamber on via a Abgasabführungskammer led out of the separator.

This Process can be arranged by multiple successive repeat from separator housings, with multiple arrangements of separator housings the exhaust gas reduced by particles through an opening in the middle of the cyclone chamber of the first or previously arranged separator further on the Zykloneinspeisungskanäle the subsequent or last separator in a next or last cyclone chamber and cleaned again. The separated particles pass over the Partikelabscheiderbereich between the outer wall of the separator housing and the cyclone chambers, the exhaust gas forwarding chambers and the exhaust gas discharge chambers in the jointly arranged for all separator housing existing dust and solid particle chamber.

The Combination of a particle separator and an electrostatic particle separator allows a particularly effective emission control. Especially this through a multiple arrangement of separator housings Exhaust gas pre-cleaned by large particles is in the last Separator stages finally cleaned by electro particle separator. For the remaining particles in the exhaust gas when flowing by the cyclone feed channels connected to a negative potential electrostatically charged and due to electrostatic repulsion and the centrifugal force through the cyclone flow to the outside worn and attracted by the respective cyclone deduster ring, which is charged with a positive potential and non-conductive Fasteners electrically insulated on the separator housing is attached. Upon impact of the electrostatically negatively charged Particles on the cyclone deduster ring connected to a positive potential The charges lift up and the particles get through the cyclone deduster ring positively charged, causing the particles from the cyclone deduster ring repel and through the cleaning flow through the cyclone deduster ring are pressed into the dust and solid particle chamber. Furthermore has in particular a multi-stage separator housing through the arrangement of several separator stages a sound-absorbing Effect.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown in claims 3 to 15. The electro-particle separator undergoes a development according to claim 3, by the Zykloneinspeisungskanäle are extended by baffles, which increases the surface for safe charging of the particles in the exhaust stream about the size of the surface of the cyclone Entstauberringes, which expanded as a spray around the baffles Zykloneinspeisungskanäle act as a capacitor plate. In addition, the baffles ensure that deposited particles from the calm center of the cyclone continuously enter the cyclone flow. According to claim 4, the polarity of the discharge electrodes and the collecting electrodes can be changed regularly and / or irregularly, whereby an additional cleaning effect on the cyclone deduster ring is achieved. According to claim 5, the openings in the separating surface and present at the openings Zykloneinspeisungskanäle lie on a circular line and the Zykloneinspeisungskanäle each have in the same direction. With two or more openings, the openings in the separation area A and the cyclone feed channels present at the openings are arranged uniformly around the center of the circle. As a result, the formation of a cyclone flow in the cyclone chamber is made possible and particularly favored. In the development according to claim 6, the cyclone deduster has exposed on its surface circular arc-shaped openings and / or slots, which arise at these exposed circular openings or slots in the multi-rotating cyclone flow zones calmed air turbulence, which directly in the exposed openings or Slots are directed against the cyclone flow and collect in the areas of the openings and / or slots, the particles of the exhaust gas by their inertia and are pushed through the openings. According to claim 7, the distance of the pipe with brim to the separating tray A results in at least one opening area corresponding to the surface of the exhaust gas feed opening and the outer diameter of the brim corresponds approximately to the radius of the cyclone chamber, whereby the exhaust gas flow is not hindered by a cross-sectional reduction and favors the cyclone flow in the cyclone chamber and the particles deposited in the quiescent center of the cyclone flow can not freely leave the cyclone chamber with the purified exhaust gas stream. The development according to claim 8 is the Zykloneinspeisungskanälen which extend over the entire height of the cyclone chamber and have an approximately parallel to the cyclone Entstauberring expiring form, the ends directed to the cyclone Entstauberring and / or that the Zykloneinspeisungskanäle may have fan-shaped fins, said the cyclone flow can develop over the entire height of the cyclone chamber and can be avoided by the particular shape unfavorable for the effect turbulence. According to claim 9, the dust and solid particle chamber has a cleaning opening, whereby the collected particles from the dust and solid particle chamber can be removed and the separator can be used immediately. In the development according to claim 10, the separator housing more arranged in stages as separator stages in a housing. In this case, the structure of the arrangement is simplified by an exhaust gas forwarding chamber is formed by the cyclone chamber bottom of the first or upstream separator stage and the separating tray A of a downstream or last separator stage. In the last separator stage is located between the Zyklonkammerboden and the separating tray B, the Abgasabführungskammer and after the last separator stage, the dust and solid particle chamber. The simplification is continued by between the outer wall of the housing and the cyclone chambers and the Abgasweiterleitungskammern over the entire height or length cylindrical annular Partikelabscheiderbereich with a connection to a dust and solid particle chamber under the separating bottom B of the last separator stage is present and thus the cleansing flow not disabled. The simplified design allows a more compact and material-saving design, making the particle separator is particularly suitable for passenger cars. Using a modular principle, separators of every size can be manufactured and delivered. According to claim 11, the dust and solid particle chamber is arranged under the housing in a horizontal particle separator, whereby the volume of the dust and solid particle chamber can be increased, that collection of the particles is simplified and the Abscheididerwartungsintervalle be extended. According to claim 12, the cyclone chambers, the Abgasweiterleitungskammern and the Abgasabführungskammer the last separator stages of a multi-stage separator housing a reduced diameter, which increases the Zyklonströmungsgeschwindigkeit and thereby greatly accelerated by the centrifugal smaller centrifugal force better transported to the outside to the cyclone Entstauberring and pressed there from the cyclone chamber can be. The development according to claim 13 applies to the combination and coupling of particle and electro-Partikelabscheider, whereby the efficiency of the Partikelabscheider greatly increased and especially smaller particles can be better removed from the exhaust stream. At the same time a compact design is possible. According to claim 14, a unilateral connection in the direction of dust and solid particle chamber and / or a one-sided connection from the dust and solid particle chamber to the exhaust gas supply opening is provided between the pressure relief valve of the engine water cooler and the dust and solid particle chamber, whereby the separated by the pressure relief valve of the motor water cooler water vapor or The separated water binds the loose dust and solid particles and thus leads to a reduction in volume of the collected dust and solid particles, which is maintained even when drying. Due to the one-sided connection from the dust and solid particle chamber to the exhaust gas feed opening, it is possible to couple the cleaning flow through the openings in the cyclone deduster ring with the supplied exhaust gas flow, whereby a flow circuit is created, which supports the dedusting process. In the development according to claim 15, the inner walls of the exhaust gas feed opening, the cyclone chamber, the cyclone Entstauberringes, the Abgasabführungskammer and / or the Abgasweiterleitungskammer and the separating tray A, the Zykloneinspeisungskanäle, the baffles, the tube, the brim, the Zyklonkammerboden and / or B separating a catalytic coating and in and / or on the separator housing and / or in the separator stages is arranged at least one heating element, which in addition to the deposition of the particles and the toxic chemical bonds in the exhaust gas are converted and thus allow combustion or possibly deposited particles favor , The heating element increases the exhaust gas temperature over the temperature necessary for the chemical reaction.

Several Embodiments of the invention are in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it:

1 a single-stage separator housing in a lateral sectional view,

2 a separator stage in lateral sectional view,

3 a separator housing as a horizontal section in plan view with four cyclone feed channels,

4 a separator housing as a horizontal sectional view in plan view with different Zykloneinspeisungskanalformen,

5 a representation of the section of a cyclone deduster ring with different openings,

6 a section of a cyclone Entstauberringes as a horizontal sectional view in plan view,

7 a vertical multi-stage separator housing in lateral sectional view,

8th a horizontal multi-stage separator housing in a lateral sectional view,

9 a vertical multi-stage separator housing with partially reduced in diameter cyclone chambers in side sectional view,

10 a single-stage electrostatic precipitator housing in lateral sectional view,

11 an electro-precipitator housing as a horizontal sectional view in plan view with four cyclone feed channels.

The particle separator is in a cylindrical separator housing 1 housed as in 1 shown. The exhaust gas flow 23 is via an exhaust gas feed opening 2 into the separator housing 1 initiated. In a separating tray A 3 are openings 4 available. At least two openings 4 are even around the circle center of the partition A 3 arranged ( 3 and 4 ). Through these openings 4 the exhaust gas flow arrives 23 over on the underside of the separating surface A 3 at the openings 4 existing cyclone infeed channels 5 in a cyclone chamber 6 , The openings 4 in the separation area A 3 and those at the openings 4 existing cyclone infeed channels 5 lie on a circle line. The cyclone infeed channels 5 each point in the same direction. The cyclone infeed channels 5 extend over the entire height of the cyclone chamber 6 , They have an approximate to the cyclone deduster ring 7 parallel expiring form. The ends are the cyclone deduster ring 7 directed. The cyclone infeed channels 5 have fan-shaped blades. The outer wall of the cyclone chamber 6 is like in the 3 and 4 as a cyclone deduster ring 7 in the form of a cylinder jacket with exposed circular openings 8th or slots 8th ( 5 and 6 ). At these openings 8th In the multiply rotating cyclone flow zones turbulence-induced air turbulence develops. These are directed directly in the area of the exposed openings or slots against the cyclone flow. As a result, the particles thrown outward by the centrifugal force to the cyclone deduster ring collect in this area. These are through the openings 8th pressed the cyclone deduster ring and pass through the cleaning flow 24 into the dust and solid particle chamber 16 under the separator. In the area of the openings 8th owns the cyclone deduster ring 7 an optimally smooth surface to avoid the adhesion of particles and to favor the dedusting process.

As in the 1 to 4 to recognize, is the bottom of the cyclone chamber 6 as a cyclone chamber floor 9 with a circular opening 4 provided in the center. Around the opening 4 is a pipe 10 with one around the free end of the pipe 10 attached circular brim 11 arranged. The opening 4 forms a connection to a Abgasabführungskammer 12 , The exhaust discharge chamber 12 is between the cyclone chamber floor 9 and a separating bottom B 13 arranged. In the exhaust discharge chamber 12 are one or more Abgasabführungsöffnungen 14 available. Between the outer wall of the separator housing 1 and the cyclone chamber 6 and the exhaust discharge chamber 12 there is a cylindrical annular Partikelabscheiderbereich 15 , This particle separator area 15 has a connection to a dust and solid particle chamber 16 under the dividing floor B 13 , The dust and solid particle chamber 16 has a valve 17 , With this valve 17 the cleaning flow is controlled. When the valve is closed 17 the particle separator has no effect. In addition, the size of each cumulative area corresponds to the opening 4 in the separating tray A 3 and in the cyclone chamber floor 9 and the size of the area of the exhaust discharge opening 14 the size of the area of the exhaust gas feed opening 2 , As a result, an exhaust gas flow and the risk of destruction is avoided. The dust and solid particle chamber 16 has a cleaning opening 20 , It is thus possible to clean the separator regularly and to put it back into operation immediately afterwards.

In an electro particle separator are as in 10 recognizable the cyclone feed channels 5 additionally occupied by one with a preferably negative potential and have the function of a spray electrode 5 . 19 , Through the spray electrode 5 . 19 the particles are in the exhaust stream 23 electrostatically charged. The particles are moved due to the electrostatic repulsion and the centrifugal force to the outer wall of the cyclone chamber. The outer wall of the cyclone chamber 6 is as a cyclone deduster ring 7 in the form of a cylinder jacket with openings 8th executed. The cyclone deduster ring 7 is as a precipitation electrode 7 occupied with a preferably positive potential. The cyclone deduster ring 7 is with non-conductive fasteners 18 isolated on the separator housing 1 attached. The particles are caused by the electrostatic attraction of unequal charges from the cyclone deduster ring 7 dressed. When the electrostatically negatively charged particles hit the cyclone deduster ring connected to a positive potential 7 the charges lift up. The particles are positively charged by the cyclone deduster ring, which causes the particles from the cyclone deduster ring 7 repel and through the cleaning flow through the cyclone deduster ring 7 be pressed and into the dust and solid particle chamber 16 be directed.

As in 10 and 11 are shown, are the Zykloneinspeisungskanäle 5 around baffles 19 extended.

This increases the effective areas of the spray electrode 5 and 19 , It is achieved that the surfaces of the discharge electrodes 5 and 19 approximately equal to the area of the collecting electrodes 7 is and thus form two capacitor plates. By changing the polarity of the discharge electrodes 5 and 19 and the collecting electrodes 7 it is achieved that firmly adhering particles are dissolved at the respective electrodes and fed into the dedusting process. The change of polarity can be done regularly and / or irregularly. As in the 7 to 9 To recognize the separator housing 1 in addition, also in several stages as separator stages 21 in a housing 1 be arranged. In this case, an exhaust gas forwarding chamber 22 through the cyclone chamber floor 9 the first or upstream separator stage 21 and the separating tray A 3 a downstream or last separator stage 21 educated. In the last separator stage 21 located between the cyclone chamber floor 9 and the separating bottom B 13 the exhaust discharge chamber 12 and after the last separator stage 21 the dust and solid particle chamber 16 , Between the outer wall of the housing 1 and the cyclone chambers 6 and the exhaust gas forwarding chambers 22 is a cylindrical annular particle separator area 15 with a connection to a dust and solid particle chamber 16 under the dividing floor B 13 the last separator stage 21 available. In addition, with a horizontally located separator housing 1 the dust and solid particle chamber 16 under the case 1 arranged. The 9 shows a multi-stage particle separator with in the last separator stages 21 reduced diameter of the cyclone chambers 6 with cyclone deduster ring 7 . 7 ' , Shelves A 3 . 3 ' and cyclone chamber bottoms 9 . 9 ' , the exhaust gas forwarding chambers 22 . 22 ' and the exhaust discharge chamber 12 ' the last separator stages 21 as well as the enlarged cylindrical annular particle separator area 15 . 15 ' from separator stage 21 to separator stage 21 , Due to the Zyklonströmungsgeschwindigkeitserhöhung the smaller particles are very much accelerated and better through the centrifugal force to the outside to the cyclone deduster ring 7 . 7 ' transported and can there from the cyclone chamber 6 . 6 ' be pressed.

The inner walls of the exhaust gas supply opening 2 , the cyclone chamber 6 . 6 ' , the cyclone deduster ring 7 , the exhaust discharge chamber 12 . 12 ' and / or the exhaust gas transfer chamber 22 . 22 ' as well as the separating tray A 3 . 3 ' , the cyclone feeders 5 . 7 ' , the baffles 19 , the cyclone chamber floor 9 . 9 ' , the pipe 10 , the brim 11 and / or the separating bottom B 13 may have a catalytic coating. In this context, in and / or on the separator housing 1 and / or in the separator stages 21 at least one heating element 25 arranged.

1

precipitator casing

2

Exhaust gas supply opening

3

separating base A

3 '

separating base A

4

openings

5

Cyclone feed channel, spray electrode

6

cyclone chamber

6 '

cyclone chamber

7

Cyclone Entstauberring, Collecting electrode

7 '

Cyclone Entstauberring, Collecting electrode

8th

Opening, slot

9

Cyclone chamber floor

9 '

Cyclone chamber floor

10

pipe

11

brim

12

Flue gas discharge chamber

12 '

Flue gas discharge chamber

13

separating base B

14

Flue gas discharge opening

15

Partikelabscheiderbereich

15 '

Partikelabscheiderbereich

16

Dust- and solid particle chamber

17

Valve

18

fastener

19

baffle spray electrode

20

cleaning opening

21

separating stages

22

Exhaust gas routing chamber

22 '

Exhaust gas routing chamber

23

exhaust gas flow

24

cleaning fluid

25

heating element

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 3804779 C2 [0001]
• - DE 3842000 A1 [0001]
• - DE 3905825 A1 [0001]
• - DE 202005006137 U1 [0001]
• - DE 3732552 A1 [0001]

Claims (15)

Particle separator, in particular for internal combustion engines, characterized by the following features: - that in a cylindrical separator housing ( 1 ), which after the exhaust gas feed opening ( 2 ) a separating tray A ( 3 ) with at least one between the center of the circle and a cyclone deduster ring ( 7 ) arranged opening ( 4 ) and on the underside of the partition A ( 3 ) at the openings ( 4 ) Cyclone feed channels ( 5 ), which in a cyclone chamber ( 6 ), that the outer wall of the cyclone chamber ( 6 ) as a cyclone deduster ring ( 7 ) in the form of a cylinder jacket with openings ( 8th ) and that the bottom of the cyclone chamber ( 6 ) as a cyclone chamber floor ( 9 ) with a circular opening ( 4 ) in the center of the cyclone chamber floor ( 9 ) and around the opening ( 4 ) a pipe ( 10 ) with one around the free end of the tube ( 10 ) attached circular brim ( 11 ) is arranged, wherein the opening ( 4 ) a connection to an exhaust gas discharge chamber ( 12 ) formed between the cyclone chamber floor ( 9 ) and a separating bottom B ( 13 ) is arranged, - that in the exhaust gas discharge chamber ( 12 ) one or more exhaust gas discharge openings ( 14 ) are arranged, - that between the outer wall of the separator housing ( 1 ) and the cyclone chamber ( 6 ) and the exhaust gas discharge chamber ( 12 ) a cylindrical annular particle separator region ( 15 ) with a connection to a dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ) under the separating bottom B ( 13 ) and that the dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ) a valve ( 17 ) owns. Electro particle separator, in particular for internal combustion engines, characterized by the following features: - that in a cylindrical separator housing ( 1 ), which after the exhaust gas feed opening ( 2 ) a separating tray A ( 3 ) with at least one between the center of the circle and the cyclone deduster ring ( 7 ) arranged opening ( 4 ) and on the underside of the separating surface A ( 3 ) at the openings ( 4 ) Cyclone feed channels ( 5 ), which in a cyclone chamber ( 6 ), whereby the cyclone feed channels ( 5 ) as a discharge electrodes ( 5 . 19 ) are exposed to a preferably negative potential, - that the outer wall of the cyclone chamber ( 6 ) as a cyclone deduster ring ( 7 ) in the form of a cylinder jacket with openings ( 8th ), wherein the cyclone deduster ring ( 7 ) as a precipitation electrode ( 7 ) is occupied with a preferably positive potential and with non-conductive fasteners ( 18 ) at the separator housing ( 1 ) and that the bottom of the cyclone chamber ( 6 ) as a cyclone chamber floor ( 9 ) with a circular opening ( 4 ) in the center of the cyclone chamber floor ( 9 ) and around the opening ( 4 ) a pipe ( 10 ) with one around the free end of the tube ( 10 ) attached circular brim ( 11 ) is arranged, wherein the opening ( 4 ) a connection to an exhaust gas discharge chamber ( 12 ) formed between the cyclone chamber floor ( 9 ) and a separating bottom B ( 13 ) is arranged, - that in the exhaust gas discharge chamber ( 12 ) one or more exhaust gas discharge openings ( 14 ) are arranged, - that between the outer wall of the separator housing ( 1 ) and the cyclone chamber ( 6 ) and the exhaust gas discharge chamber ( 12 ) a cylindrical annular particle separator region ( 15 ) with a connection to a dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ) under the separating bottom B ( 13 ) and that the dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ) a valve ( 17 ) owns. Electro particle separator according to claim 2, characterized in that the cyclone feed channels ( 5 ) around baffles ( 19 ) are extended. Electro particle separator according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that the polarity of the discharge electrodes ( 5 . 19 ) and the collecting electrodes ( 7 ) changes regularly and / or irregularly. Particle separator or electrostatic particle separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the openings ( 4 ) in the interface A ( 3 ) and at the openings ( 4 ) existing cyclone feed channels ( 5 ) lie on a circular line and the cyclone feed channels ( 5 ) in each case in the same direction, with two or more openings ( 4 ) the openings ( 4 ) in the interface A ( 3 ) and at the openings ( 4 ) existing cyclone feed channels ( 5 ) are arranged uniformly around the center of the circle. Particle separator or electric particle separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cyclone deduster ring ( 7 ) on its surface exposed circular arc-shaped openings ( 8th ) and / or slots ( 8th ) owns. Particle separator or electric particle separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance of the tube ( 10 ) with brim ( 11 ) to the separating tray A ( 3 ) yields at least one opening area which corresponds to the area of the exhaust gas feed opening ( 2 ) and the outer diameter of the brim ( 11 ) about the radius of the cyclone chamber ( 6 ) corresponds. Particle separator or electric particle separator according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the cyclone infeed channels ( 5 ) over the entire height of the cyclone chamber ( 6 ) and which are approximately parallel to the cyclone deduster ring ( 7 ) have expiring form, the ends to the cyclone Entstauberring ( 7 ) and / or that the cyclone infeed channels ( 5 ) have fan-shaped fins. Particle separator or electric particle separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ) a cleaning opening ( 20 ) owns. Particle separator or electric particle separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separator housing ( 1 ) in several stages as separator stages ( 21 ) in a housing ( 1 ), wherein an exhaust gas forwarding chamber ( 22 ) through the cyclone chamber floor ( 9 ) of the first or upstream separator stage ( 21 ) and the separating tray A ( 3 ) of a downstream or last separator stage ( 21 ) and in the last separator stage ( 21 ) between the cyclone chamber floor ( 9 ) and the separating bottom B ( 13 ) the exhaust gas discharge chamber ( 12 ) and after the last separator stage ( 21 ) the dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ), wherein between the outer wall of the housing ( 1 ) and the cyclone chambers ( 6 ) and the exhaust gas forwarding chambers ( 22 ) a cylindrical annular particle separator region ( 15 ) with a connection to a dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ) under the separating bottom B ( 13 ) of the last separator stage ( 21 ) is available. Particle separator or electric particle separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the case of a horizontal separator housing ( 1 ) the dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ) under the housing ( 1 ) is arranged. Particle separator or electric particle separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the cyclone chambers ( 6 . 6 ' ) with cyclone deduster ring ( 7 . 7 ' ), Dividing trays A ( 3 . 3 ' ) and cyclone chamber bottoms ( 9 . 9 ' ), the exhaust forwarding chambers ( 22 . 22 ' ) and the exhaust gas discharge chamber ( 12 ' ) of separator stage ( 21 ) to separator stage ( 21 ) of a multi-stage separator housing ( 1 ), the diameter of the separator housing ( 1 ) remains the same and the cylindrical annular Partikelabscheiderbereich ( 15 . 15 ' ) of separator stage ( 21 ) to separator stage ( 21 ). Particle separator or electro particle separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that particle separator and electro particle separator with each other can be combined and coupled. Particle separator or electric particle separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the pressure relief valve of the engine water cooler of the internal combustion engine and the dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ) a one-sided connection in the direction of dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ) and / or a one-sided connection from the dust and solid particle chamber ( 16 ) to the exhaust gas feed opening ( 2 ) consists. Particle separator or electric particle separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner walls of the exhaust gas feed opening ( 2 ), the cyclone chamber ( 6 . 6 ' ), the cyclone deduster ring ( 7 , the exhaust gas discharge chamber ( 12 . 12 ' ) and / or the exhaust gas forwarding chamber ( 22 . 22 ' ) and the separating tray A ( 3 . 3 ' ), the cyclone feed channels ( 5 ) 7 ' ), the baffles ( 19 ), the cyclone chamber floor ( 9 . 9 ' ), the pipe ( 10 ), the brim ( 11 ) and / or the separating bottom B ( 13 ) have a catalytic coating and that in and / or on the separator housing ( 1 ) and / or in the separator stages ( 21 ) at least one heating element ( 25 ) is arranged.