DE202009015654U1 - Electrostatic precipitator for installation in fireplaces for heating systems and / or stoves and / or exhaust ducts for dedusting or extraction systems - Google Patents

Abstract

Electrostatic precipitators for installation in fireplaces for heating installations (23) and / or for stoves (23) and / or in exhaust air ducts for dedusting installations or exhaust systems,
characterized by the following features:
- That in an existing vertical chimney (1) a metal inner tube (2) is inserted, wherein the metal inner tube (2) from a chimney head (3) extends to at least an uppermost feed opening (4),
- that in the region of the chimney head (3) at least one removable fastener (5) is present,
- that on the fastener (5) at least one variable in length and removable mounting bridge (6) or at least one variable in length and removable mounting bracket (6) is present, wherein the mounting bridge (6) or the mounting bracket (6) made of metal and is connected via at least one insulator (38) with the fastening element (5) and spaced above the chimney head (3) is arranged,
- That on the mounting bridge (6) or the mounting bracket (6) a spray electrode (7) in the form of a band ...

Description

electrostatic precipitator for installation in fireplaces for heating systems and / or for stoves and / or in exhaust ducts for dedusting or extraction systems in particular also for private households.

So will in the DE 10 2004 039 124 B4 an electrostatic filter for a firing system is described in which a filter electrode is held with an electrode holder in a flue pipe of the furnace and can be supplied with voltage and the electrode holder is surrounded by an insulator, wherein the electrode holder via holding webs with an enclosing them, in the direction of the flue gas tube conically widening housing is connected so that scavenging air openings are formed between the retaining webs, between which scavenging air in the direction of the flue gas tube is feasible, the electrode holder carries perpendicular to their directional standing baffle plate, which is dimensioned so that it is larger except for an air gap is as the voltage caused by the breakdown gap, fill the interior of the conical housing and / or the wide end of the conical housing is closed with a perpendicular to the housing axis extending ring electrode.

Another electrostatic precipitator for a firing system is in the DE 10 2004 039 118 83 described. The electrostatic filter according to the invention has a first vortex chamber, which in turn has a flue gas inlet and a scavenging air inlet and is designed such that inflowing flue gas sucks purge air. The first vortex chamber also has a tubular outlet. Furthermore, a filter electrode arrangement and an isolator holding the filter electrode arrangement are provided which are arranged in the purge air flow. The electrostatic precipitator further includes a second vortex chamber connected to the tubular outlet and configured to deposit the particulates in the flue gas therein and having a flue gas outlet for the flue gas depleted of the particles.

The DE 10 2007 010 973 B4 describes an electrostatic precipitator for a small combustion plant with a plurality of filter electrodes and with multiple exhaust ducts, wherein in the exhaust ducts each one of the filter electrodes is arranged, which are arranged in a housing and one end of the filter electrode is pointed and one end of the filter electrode protrudes from the exhaust duct and an electrode holder is provided which has a high voltage line to which the filter electrodes are connected and the electrode holder extends over the length of the exhaust passage.

Furthermore, the describes DE 20 2007 004 263 U1 an electrostatic precipitator for purifying particulate gases, in particular for purifying flue gases, comprising at least one electrode assembly subjected to a high voltage during a filtering operation consisting of at least one sputtering electrode and at least one separating electrode spaced therefrom, the electrodes interposing one therefrom Gas-flow filter space form, in which at least one of the electrodes at least on its surface facing the filter chamber with an electrically conductive, a release of particles, ie a cleaning facilitating coating is provided.

Finally, that describes DE 43 06 228 A1 a flue gas filter arrangement for a power plant, comprising a boiler arrangement, an electrostatic filter arrangement with a device for electrostatic charging of dust particles formed in the combustion of fossil fuels in the boiler, in particular in the form of spray wires, and a separator for filtering the dust particles, and a flue for the flue gases. To reduce the space requirement, the electrostatic filter assembly is installed in the fume hood.

task The invention is an electrostatic precipitator for exhaust gas purification the subsequent installation in fireplaces for heating systems and / or for stoves and for exhaust air systems in the private and commercial sector to create which to expected legal limits and at least one cost-effective cleaning allows and independent used by the existing chimneys or exhaust ducts can be, with the electrostatic filter arrangement in their effect the respective expected particle load individually adaptable is and by an easy installation and maintenance not only by Kaminbauer, but also built by the respective chimney sweep and to be served, which makes this solution widely used place. By the provided cleaning devices is achieved that the effect of the electrostatic filter arrangement continuously stable and is reliable, with the cleaning device under Consideration of environmental protection possibilities a wet or dry cleaning of the different fireplaces or exhaust systems and is a frequent and expensive Cleaning by specialists can be avoided. Depending on the available Fireplace or exhaust duct cleaning devices are created which reliably implement the task of cleaning.

With the invention is achieved in the specified application, that an electrostatic precipitator is also created for retrofitting in chimneys or exhaust systems, in an existing nen fireplace or exhaust duct, a metal pipe is used. This metal pipe extends from the chimney head or the outlet opening of the exhaust air duct to at least one uppermost feed opening in the chimney or exhaust air duct. This metal tube is the collecting electrode. On the chimney head or the outlet opening a wire and / or wire rope is attached via a fastener and a mounting bracket mounted thereto or a mounting bracket mounted thereon. The wire or wire rope is hung in the chimney or exhaust duct. This wire or wire rope is the spray electrode. The fasteners are made of metal. The mounting bridge and the mounting bracket are also made of metal. The mounting bridge and the mounting bracket are connected via an insulator with the fasteners, which prevents depositing soot from causing leakage currents. The wire has a weight at its lower free end and extends at least to the uppermost feed opening of a stove, a heating system, a dedusting system or a venting system, whereby the effective range of the discharge electrode is increased and better utilized. The supply of the filter with the necessary electrical potential is realized by a control unit and / or by a high voltage generator. The spray electrode and the deposition electrode are electrically connected to the controller and / or the high voltage generator.

advantageous Embodiments of the invention are in the claims 3 to 19 shown.

is the chimney or exhaust duct a metal pipe chimney or metal duct, Thus, according to claim 3, the metal inner tube is the collecting electrode. As a result, existing components are used and additional unnecessary conversions or extensions can be avoided become.

To Claim 4 is a temperature sensor in the chimney pipe of the stove and / or the heating system available. This is the control unit and the high voltage generator controllable. Not necessary operating times and the associated energy needs in a firing break thus be avoided. An optional self-cleaning is possible in the firing breaks and is controlled by the temperature sensor with controlled.

By a free choice of the supply voltage of the control unit and / or the high voltage generator according to claim 5, the electrostatic precipitator is easy can be integrated into existing structures. Elaborate adjustments to the Energy supply can be avoided.

to Avoidance of short circuits is according to claim 6 in the area of the weight on the wire or wire rope, a position stabilizing element available. As a result, pendulum movements and thus possible Short circuits avoided.

To Claim 7 are the weight and / or the position stabilization element in the area of a cleaning opening. This is in the case Maintenance or cleaning both the weight and the position stabilization element easy to remove, avoiding damage and the cleaning is done thoroughly.

Of the Wire and / or the wire rope is according to claim 8 on the fireplace floor or a branch of the exhaust duct stretched with a spring and fastened. This dispenses with the position stabilization element and the wire and / or the wire have a uniform bias, which also ensures thorough reliable cleaning is possible as well as oscillations and short circuits be avoided.

To Claim 9 is on the spray electrode brushing made of metal. This increases the effective Surface of the spray electrode. Especially at very short chimneys or exhaust ducts, it is important to the particles sufficiently polarize the exhaust air or the exhaust gas on this short path to be able to.

in the Metal inner tube is according to claim 10 a helical circumferential and spaced metal strips and / or metal profile and a drive in or on the pipe available. By the spiral Construction is achieved by a rotating movement of the metal inner tube regularly self-cleaning with little effort and thus the effect of the electrostatic filter is improved. Of the Construction allows for a hanging and a standing Arrangement of the spiral scraper.

By the special construction of the cleaning device according to claim 11 is a simple and reliable cleaning of the inner wall of the metal inner tube possible. The structure allows a hanging and a standing arrangement of the scraper. With the uniform arrangement of several scrapers reduces the rotational movement of the cleaning device to fractions a complete revolution. Thus, the regular reduced time and material costs.

The water flushing according to claim 12, the cleaning of the metal inner tube is achieved. In this way, in addition to the rinsing of the precipitated particles also free particles are bound and rinsed to the fireplace floor or the diversion of the exhaust duct. Frequent sweeping is avoided. The closed circuit through the pump and the filter will not pollute the environment overloaded.

To Claim 13, a neutralization device is present. hereby Become a hyperacidity and related Destruction of the chimney and the electrostatic filter arrangement avoided. By neutralization are the filter residues as well the filtrate can be disposed of in an environmentally sound manner. The Simplified Structure of the Water cycle over a catch basin allows a cost-effective product, with full functionality the filter arrangement remains ensured.

The special cleaning device according to claim 14 allows a reliable and at the same time easy cleaning of the metal inner tube as a precipitation electrode. Design dependent is with the vibration element, the respective resonant frequency of the metal inner tube assembly adjustable, whereby the cleaning effect is improved. By the use of a hammer blower is the cleaning device easy to set up and controllable.

To Claim 15, the cleaning device is a on a winding device Hanging grinding on the inner wall of the metal inner pipe hollow cylindrical insert with scraper rings, creating a thorough Cleaning is reliably achievable. By the thorough Cleaning increases the effectiveness of the electrostatic precipitator.

By the combination of the spray electrode and he cleaning device According to claim 16, the structure of the filter assembly is simplified and cleaning arrangement, resulting in material savings and cost savings possible are.

By the detachable mounting of the fastener according to claim 17 is a disassembly for a cleaning of the fireplace or the exhaust duct possible. By the way of assembly is The retrofitting is easily possible without going into the building fabric the fireplace or existing metal chimneys or exhaust ducts to damage.

By the special design of the mounting bridge or the mounting bracket according to claim 18 is an individual Placement and adjustment of the position of the mounting bridge or the mounting gallows possible, This makes it possible accurately position the spray electrode. Execution also allows easy disassembly and assembly for cleaning and maintenance work, as the Spray electrode by a simple way of mounting on the Attached mounting bridge or the mounting bracket is.

By the variable in length support according to claim 19 are mounting bridge and mounting bracket individual to the respective chimney or the respective exhaust air system customizable. This makes the filter system more universal and flexible used.

Several Embodiments of the invention are in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it:

1 an electrostatic filter arrangement in a brick fireplace,

2 an electrostatic filter arrangement in an outdoor chimney with water purifying unit,

3 an electrostatic filter arrangement in a brick fireplace with self-cleaning,

4 an electrostatic filter arrangement in an outdoor chimney with self-cleaning,

5 an electrostatic filter arrangement in an outdoor chimney with water purifying unit,

6 an electrostatic precipitator assembly in an outdoor chimney with self-cleaning and water flushing unit,

7 a support device for self-cleaning,

8th a position stabilization element,

9 a sectional view of an electrostatic filter arrangement at the chimney head of a brick fireplace,

10 a spatial representation of an electrostatic filter arrangement at the chimney head of a masonry chimney,

11 a sectional view of an electrostatic filter arrangement at the chimney head of a brick fireplace,

12 a spatial representation of an electrostatic filter arrangement at the chimney head of a masonry chimney,

13 a sectional view of an electrostatic filter arrangement at the chimney head of a fireplace made of metal,

14 a spatial representation of an electrostatic filter arrangement at the chimney head of a metal chimney,

15 a spatial representation of an electrostatic filter arrangement on a cyclone exhaust system,

16 a sectional view of an electrostatic filter arrangement on a cyclone exhaust system,

17 a spatial, semi-transparent representation of an electrostatic filter arrangement with mounting brackets on a brick fireplace with chimney hood,

18 a spatial, partially transparent representation of an electrostatic filter arrangement with mounting brackets on a metal chimney,

19 a spatial, partially transparent representation of an electrostatic filter arrangement on a metal chimney with a cleaning device on a winding device,

20 a sectional view of an electrostatic filter arrangement on a metal chimney with a cleaning device on a winding device,

21 a sectional view of a hollow cylindrical insert with scraper rings,

22 a sectional view of an electrostatic filter arrangement on a metal chimney with a cleaning device on a winding device and

23 a sectional view of an electrostatic filter arrangement on a metal chimney with winding device as a discharge electrode-cleaning device combination.

In the electrostatic filter according to the invention, as in the 1 and 3 presented in an existing fireplace 1 a metal inner tube 2 used. This metal inner tube 2 extends from the chimney head 3 to at least one uppermost feed opening 4 from an oven fireplace 23 or a heating system 23 , In the area of the fireplace head 3 is like in the 1 to 4 illustrated, at least one fastener 5 available. This fastener 5 is made of metal. The fastener 5 carries a mounting bridge 6 or a mounting gallows 6 , The mounting bridge 6 It is made of metal and has a heat-resistant and UV-resistant insulator 38 on the fastener 5 attached. At the mounting bridge 6 or the attachment gallows 6 is a spray electrode 7 in the form of a wire 7 and / or wire rope 7 attached hanging. This wire 7 and / or the wire rope 7 extends to at least the top feed opening 4 , At the lower free end of the wire 7 and / or wire cables 7 the spray electrode 7 is a weight to achieve a bias 8th available. To the pendulum movements of the weight 8th to avoid the risk of short circuits is in the range of the weight 8th a position stabilization element 10 available. This position stabilization element 10 is how in 8th represented, preferably round. It has the shape of a circle with star-shaped struts inside and outside the circle. The diameter corresponds to 0.95 times the inside diameter of the metal inner tube 2 , The position stabilization element 10 consists of an insulator material. To avoid time-consuming dismantling during cleaning of the fireplace is the weight 8th at the end of the wire 7 and / or the wire rope 7 in the area of a cleaning opening 11 , The position stabilization element 10 is preferably in the area above or below the cleaning opening 11 on the wire 7 or wire rope 7 the spray electrode 7 attached.

For operation of the electrostatic precipitator is a control unit 9 and / or a high voltage generator 9a available. The metal inner tube 2 is as a precipitation electrode and the wire 7 and / or the wire rope 7 is as a spray electrode 7 intended. These are each with the control unit 9 and / or the high voltage generator 9a electrically connected. Depending on the installation conditions is the control unit 9 and / or the high voltage generator 9a connectable to the 230 Volt 1-phase AC mains and / or the 400 Volt 3-phase AC mains.

Is, as in the 2 and 4 shown, the existing fireplace 1 a freestanding metal chimney with one from the chimney head 3 to the fireplace floor 13 reaching metal inner tube 2 so is this metal inner tube 2 the collecting electrode. On the chimney head are also the fastener 5 and the mounting bridge 6 mountable. The metal inner tube 2 as a precipitation electrode is connected to the control unit 9 electrically connected.

To ensure the reliable and resource-conserving operation is, as in the 1 to 4 shown, in and / or on a chimney pipe 22 between the heating system 23 and / or the stove 23 and the fireplace 1 a temperature sensor 24 arranged. This one is with the control unit 9 and / or the high voltage generator 9a electrically connected. This ensures that is switched off during heating pauses the electrostatic precipitator and is switched on again when the heating of the electrostatic precipitator.

Depending on the type of fireplace 1 enough, as in the 2 and 4 represented, the spray electrode 7 from the chimney head 3 to the fireplace floor 13 , In the area of the chimney floor 13 is the spray electrode 7 in the form of the wire 7 or the wire rope 7 over a mounting bridge 6a and about a spring 15 on at least one fastening element 5a attached. The fastener 5a consists of an insulator material.

Depending on the design of the chimney pot 3 is the fastener 5 to the chimney head 3 clamped or is with a strap around the fireplace 1 curious; excited. The fastener 5 consists of bent and canted metal. To protect against contact with high voltage leading parts is attached to the fastener 5 a contact protection 30 available. This contact protection 30 consists of u-shaped folded and bent sheet metal. The contact protection 30 is to the fastener 5 screwed and / or riveted.

At the fasteners 5 are, as in particular in the 9 . 10 . 13 . 14 . 17 to 20 shown, the mounting bridges 6 or attachment gallows 6 arranged. From conductive strip-shaped flat material or profiles bent and / or folded, each forms the mounting bridge 6 and the attachment gallows 6 the mounting receptacle of the spray electrode 7 , This will be with a hook, carabiner or ring on the mounting bridge 6 dismountable mounted, screwed or jammed. For accurate positioning of the spray electrode 7 in the metal inner tube 2 as well as the location mounting bridge 6 or the attachment gallows 6 own the mounting bridge 6 and the attachment gallows 6 Long holes and holes in the course of the stiff sheet or profile. For accurate and individual vertical positioning of the attachment gallows 6 this is at a variable in length prop 37 arranged. The support 37 is over the insulator 38 on the fastener 5 attached. Likewise, the mounting bridge 6 over two variable-length columns 37 on the insulator 38 and the fastener 5 attached.

At a brick fireplace 1 as in the 9 and 10 shown are two fasteners 5 by a respective Schraubpressverbindung at opposite edges of the chimney head 3 dismountable attached. Between the fasteners 5 is the mounting bridge 6 arranged, with the mounting bridge 6 consists of two parts and each on a fastener 5 is attached. They are each over an insulator 38 with the fasteners 5 connected. This connection point is of the contact protection 30 surrounded in a U-shape. The contact protection 30 is in each case on the fastening element 5 riveted. The mounting bridge 6 is spaced to the chimney head 3 and in the middle of the metal inner tube 2 arranged. At the mounting bridge 6 is a hook with a screw 28 for fixing the spray electrode 7 appropriate. The hook 28 and thus the spray electrode 7 is centered to the metal inner tube 2 and the mounting bridge 6 is at a sufficient distance to the chimney head 3 adjusted in the existing oblong holes. Thus, a uniform polarization of the particles is possible. The mounting bridge 6 is with the controller 9 and the high voltage generator 9a electrically connected.

By a fireplace 1 made of stainless steel, as in the 13 and 14 shown are two fasteners 5 removable with a strap each opposite to the fireplace 1 in the area of the fireplace head 3 curious; excited. At the fasteners 5 is a contact protection 30 attached by screwing. With an insulator 38 is the mounting bridge 6 on the fasteners 5 attached. At the mounting bridge 6 is with a screw of the hooks for the spray electrode 7 appropriate. With the existing slotted holes are both the spray electrode 7 in the metal inner tube 2 centered as well as the distance of the mounting bridge 6 to the chimney head 3 adjustable and adjustable.

A special form of fastener 5 forms an existing chimney hood 27 , At the chimney hood 27 is like in the 11 and 12 shown, the mounting bridge 6 with an insulator 38 appropriate. In the middle above the metal inner tube 2 is in the chimney hood 27 a hole available. Through this hole is the spray electrode 7 in the metal inner tube 2 guided. The spray electrode is in the mounting bridge 6 hooked.

The spray electrode 7 is made of wire 7 or a wire rope 7 , To enhance the effect of the polarization of the particles, the spray electrode has, as in 16 shown, a needle-like, hair-like or bristle-like brush trim made of metal. The length of the brush attachment depends on the inner diameter of the metal inner tube 2 , The brush trim has a length of between 20 mm. In particular, in a structurally related electrostatic filter arrangement of a few meters, this is necessary in order to polarize in this way a maximum number of particles and thus to allow the necessary effect of the electrostatic precipitator.

Supportive to the effect of the electrostatic precipitator and to maintain the continuous and reliable function is, as in the 2 represented, in the area of the chimney head 3 a cleaning device 12 present as an annular water purifier. The water purifier has water outlet openings and / or nozzles. In the area of the chimney floor 13 is a process 14 available for water and condensate. The water outlet openings and / or nozzles of the water flushing unit are in the direction of the inner wall of the metal inner tube 2 oriented. The water purifier is connected via pipes and / or hoses to a pump 16 connected. The pump 16 is in the area of the chimney floor 13 inside and / or outside the fireplace 1 arranged. The sequence 14 is with the pump 16 connected. The pump 16 has a filter. To the Steue tion is the pump 16 with the control unit 9 and / or high voltage generator 9a electrically connected. To avoid environmental damage and damage to the plant is in the area of the chimney tray 13 inside and / or outside the fireplace 1 a neutralization device 17 arranged. The sequence 14 flows into the neutralization device 17 , The neutralization device 17 is for control and monitoring with the control unit 9 and / or high voltage generator 9a electrically connected.

In a simplified embodiment for cost reasons, as in 5 shown, the process 14 in a catch basin 26 , From the catch basin 26 is the water with the pump 16 Pumpable via the pipes or hoses to the water purifier.

The pipes and hoses are in particular in chimney arrangements with a located in a brick fireplace metal pipe in the free spaces of the corners can be passed. Thus, freezing or additional insulation during outdoor installation is avoided especially in winter. Another protective measure is the need for flooding of the pipes and hoses. Outside of operation is the pump 16 silent and the water runs into the neutralization device 17 or the catch basin 26 back. Freezing is avoided.

Furthermore, a cleaning device 12 as in the 3 and 4 shown in the metal inner tube 2 over the length of the metal inner tube 2 on the inner wall helically encircling a scraper 18 in the form of metal strips and / or metal profile with round and / or square cross-section available. This scraper 18 is located 0.05 mm apart from the inner wall of the metal inner tube. The scraper 18 lies on a support device 19 and is with the support device 19 rotatably mounted. This support device 19 owns, as in 7 shown, the shape of a downward or upward regular cone or a pyramid. Between the support device 19 and a motor 20 is a flexible wave 21 available. The flexible shaft 21 is at the center of the support device 19 arranged. The motor 20 is inside or outside the fireplace 1 assembled. He is at the same height or below the support device 19 arranged. The motor 20 is with the controller 9 and / or high voltage generator 9a electrically connected.

Alternatively, the cleaning device hangs 12 , as in 6 shown in the metal inner tube 2 over the length of the metal inner tube 2 on the inner wall helically encircling a metal strip 18 and / or metal profile 18 with round and / or square cross-section at one in the area of the chimney head 3 rotatably mounted support device 19 , The support device 19 is about a wave 21 with gearbox with a motor 20 connected. The wave 21 is on the edge of the support device 19 arranged. The motor 20 is inside or outside the fireplace 1 assembled. He is at the same height or above the support device 19 arranged. The motor 20 is with the controller 9 and / or high voltage generator 9a electrically connected. Through the metal strips 18 and / or metal profile 18 can be on the metal inner tube 2 of the fireplace 1 Remove precipitated particles from the wall. In conjunction with the water purifier they are bound and the fireplace floor 13 rinsed. The combination of cleaning devices 12 allows a particularly thorough cleaning of the exhaust air ducts 1 and fireplaces 1 , whereby the electrostatic precipitator can work effectively again.

Another cleaning device 12 , as in 16 shown, provides that in the metal inner tube 2 over the length of the metal inner tube 2 on the inner wall parallel to the metal inner ear 2 scraper 18 in the form of metal strips, metal bars or metal profiles are present. The scrapers 18 are at the fireplace floor 13 or at the feed port 4 and at the fireplace head 3 of the fireplace 1 on a guide ring 29 appropriate. This guide ring 29 is inside the metal inner tube 2 and is rotatably mounted. The guide ring 29 has a sprocket. With a motor 20 are the leader ring 29 and thus the scrapers 18 drivable. This is done by a short-term driving of the cleaning device 12 the cleaning of the metal inner tube 2 ,

By using a cleaning device 12 in the form of a vibrating element or a hammer impact mechanism on the metal inner tube 2 is a space-saving and at the same time efficient cleaning device 12 available. With the vibrating element is the metal inner tube 2 vibratable at its resonant frequency. As a result, the precipitated particles from the metal inner tube 2 vibrated. For the vibrating element is alternatively or reinforcing a hammer blower as a cleaning device 12 available. In a version as a pneumatic hammer, the hammer blower can be integrated with little effort. Due to the blows of the hammer impact device particularly firmly adhering particle precipitates are abrüttelbar. The control takes place via the control unit 9 ,

The cleaning device 12 is like in the 19 to 22 represented by a in the metal inner tube ( 2 ) existing hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) can be formed. Here, the outer diameter of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) is smaller by 1 mm to 10 mm than the inner diameter of the metal inner tube ( 2 ). The hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) has a wall thickness between 1 mm to 50 mm. On the outer wall of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) are circumferentially two scraper rings ( 32 ) available. The scraper rings 32 are arranged in concave depressions in the wall. The scraper rings 32 have the form of brushes and ribbons. The hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) is on two leader bands ( 3 ) mounted. The guide bands 33 are at an outside of the fireplace ( 1 ) in the area of the chimney head ( 33 ) electromechanically driven winding device ( 34 ) attached wound up. The winding device ( 34 ) has a wave ( 35 ) with two winds on the shaft ( 36 ). For proper operation, the winding device ( 34 ) with the control unit ( 9 ) and / or high voltage generator ( 9a ) electrically connected.

As a simplification of the electrostatic filter arrangement is a combination of the spray electrode 7 with cleaning device 12 intended. Here is how in 23 shown, the mounting bridge ( 6 ) a winding device ( 34a ) with a wave ( 35a ) and one on the shaft ( 35a ) existing winds ( 36a ). The spray electrode 7 this is a band 7 ,

This is at the winds 34a attached wound up. On the tape ( 7 ) the cleaning device ( 12 ) in the form of a hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ). Again, the outer diameter of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) is between 1 mm to 10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the metal inner tube ( 2 ). The hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) has a wall thickness between 1 mm to 50 mm. On the outer wall of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) are circumferentially two scraper rings ( 32 ) arranged in the form of brushes. In the area of the scraper rings ( 32 ) has the wall of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) a concave depression. The spray electrode is electrically conductive with the winch ( 36a ) and the wave ( 35a ) connected. The spray electrode ( 7 ) and the winding device ( 35a ) are connected to the control unit ( 9 ) and / or high voltage generator ( 9a ) electrically connected. The drive of the winding device ( 34a ) is from the wave ( 35a ), Winds ( 36a ) and spray electrode ( 7 ) electrically isolated. The hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) consists of an insulator material.

The electrostatic precipitator is also in an exhaust duct 1 of dedusting plants 25 and exhaust systems 25 used. Depending on the given exhaust duct 1 is a metal inner tube 2 used. This metal inner tube 2 extends from the outlet opening 3 the exhaust duct 1 to at least one uppermost feed opening 4a from a dedusting plant 25 or exhaust system 25 , In the area of the outlet opening 3 is at least one fastener 5 available. This is bent from sheet metal and with a metal band around the outlet opening 3 curious; excited. About a heat-resistant and UV-resistant insulator 38 is a mounting bridge 6 made of metal on the fastener 5 attached. At the mounting bridge 6 is a spray electrode 7 in the form of a wire 7 and / or wire rope 7 attached hanging. This spray electrode 7 to at least the uppermost feed opening 4a and carries at the lower free end to protect against pendulum movements a weight 8th and a position stabilizing element 10 from an insulator material. Leg of a non-perpendicular arrangement of the exhaust duct, the spray electrode extends to a branch of the exhaust duct 1 and is there via a mounting bridge 6a and about a spring 15 over an insulator 38 on at least one fastening element 5a at the exhaust duct 1 attached. For the supply of the necessary electrical energy and the controller is a control unit 9 and / or a high voltage generator 9a available. For complex exhaust air systems, time-consuming dismantling during cleaning of the exhaust air duct 1 To avoid, is in the range of weight 8th at the end of the wire 7 and / or the wire rope 7 in the area a cleaning opening 11 , The position stabilization element 10 is preferably in the area above or below the cleaning opening 11 on the wire 7 or wire rope 7 attached.

A special application of the electrostatic precipitator in a dedusting plant 25 or exhaust system 25 is like in the 15 and 16 shown in a cyclone. The exhaust air or exhaust gas enters the cyclone. Larger particles can be separated in the cyclone. The loaded with residual particles exhaust air or the exhaust gas now enters the centrally located in the cyclone metal inner tube 2 in the form of a dip tube. This metal inner tube 2 is the precipitation electrode and electrically isolated from the rest of the cyclone. Laterally at the upper end of the metal inner tube 2 is the outlet opening 3 , In the area above the outlet opening 3 are two fasteners 5 arranged. The fasteners 5 carry over an insulator 38 fastened the mounting bridge 6 , At the mounting bridge 6 is the spray electrode 7 in the form of a wire 7 or wire rope 7 attached. The spray electrode 7 extends to below the centrally arranged metal inner tube 2 , To avoid oscillations is a position stabilization element 10 provided, which in the region of the lower end of the metal inner tube 2 , the feed opening 4 is arranged. Due to the short length of the metal inner tube 2 in the cyclone, owns the spray electrode 7 to enhance the effect of the polarization of the particles a bristle-like brush trim made of metal. The brush trim has a length of 25 mm. With this brushing a maximum number of particles is polarizable. For cleaning the metal inner tube 2 of the cyclone is a cleaning device 12 intended. In this cleaning device 12 are in Metal inner tube 2 over the length of the metal inner tube 2 on the inner wall parallel to the metal inner ear 2 four evenly distributed scrapers 18 in the form of metal strips, metal bars or metal profiles. The scrapers 18 are at the feed port 4 on a guide ring 29 appropriate. This guide ring 29 is inside the metal inner tube 2 and is rotatably mounted. At the upper end of the metal inner tube 2 is another leadership ring 29 with a sprocket present. With a motor 20 outside the metal inner tube 2 are the sprocket and thus the scrapers 18 drivable. This takes place during breaks in the operation of the cyclone by a brief driving of the cleaning device 12 the cleaning of the metal inner tube 2 ,

Also depending on the type of dedusting system 25 or exhaust system 25 a cleaning device 12 with water rinsing device, with a helical metal strip, with vertical between two guide rings 29 arranged scrapers 18 , can be used with a vibrating element and a hollow cylindrical insert. To increase the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator is in the dedusting 25 or the exhaust systems 25 the spray electrode 7 expandable with a brush trim.

1

Fireplace, exhaust duct

2

Metal inner tube

3

Fireplace head outlet

4

feed port

5, 5a

fastener

6 6a

Mounting bridge mounting the gallows

7

spray electrode, Ribbon, wire, wire rope

8th

Weight

9

control unit

9a

High voltage generator

10

Location stabilizing element

11

cleaning opening

12

cleaning device

13

chimney tray

14

procedure

15

feather

16

pump

17

Neutralization device

18

scraper

19

support device

20

Engine, gearmotor

21

wave

22

chimney pipe

23

Heating system, Wood stove

24

temperature sensor

25

dedusting, extraction system

26

catch basin

27

chimney hood

28

hook

29

guide ring

30

contact protection

31

hohlzylindriger commitment

32

scraper

33

Guide cable, guide band

34 34a

winder

35, 35a

wave

36 36a

winch

37

support

38

insulator

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102004039124 B4 [0002]
• - DE 10200403911883 [0003]
• DE 102007010973 B4 [0004]
• - DE 202007004263 U1 [0005]
• - DE 4306228 A1 [0006]

Claims (19)

Electrostatic precipitator for installation in fireplaces for heating systems ( 23 ) and / or for stoves ( 23 ) and / or in exhaust air ducts for dedusting or extraction installations, characterized by the following features: - that in an existing vertical chimney ( 1 ) a metal inner tube ( 2 ), wherein the metal inner tube ( 2 ) from a chimney pot ( 3 ) to at least one uppermost feed opening ( 4 ), - that in the area of the chimney head ( 3 ) at least one removable fastener ( 5 ) is present, - that on the fastener ( 5 ) at least one length-adjustable and removable mounting bridge ( 6 ) or at least one length-adjustable and removable mounting gallows ( 6 ) is present, the mounting bridge ( 6 ) or the attachment gallows ( 6 ) consists of metal and at least one insulator ( 38 ) with the fastening element ( 5 ) and spaced above the chimney pot ( 3 ), - that at the attachment bridge ( 6 ) or the attachment gallows ( 6 ) a spray electrode ( 7 ) in the form of a ribbon ( 7 ), Wire ( 7 ) and / or wire cables ( 7 ), wherein the spray electrode ( 7 ) in the fireplace ( 1 ) is guided centrally and at least to the uppermost feed opening ( 4 ), - that in the fireplace ( 1 ) a removable dry cleaning device ( 12 ) or wet cleaning device ( 12 ), that - a control unit ( 9 ) and / or a high voltage generator ( 9a ) is present and the metal inner tube ( 2 ) as a precipitation electrode and the spray electrode ( 7 ) with the control unit ( 9 ) and / or the high voltage generator ( 9a ) are electrically connected. Electrostatic precipitator for installation in exhaust air ducts for dedusting plants or exhaust systems, characterized by the following features: - that in a vertical exhaust duct ( 1 ) a metal inner tube ( 2 ), wherein the metal inner tube ( 2 ) from an outlet opening ( 3 ) of the exhaust duct ( 1 ) to at least one feed opening ( 4 ), - that in the area of the outlet opening ( 3 ) at least one removable fastener ( 5 ) is present, - that on the fastener ( 5 ) at least one length-adjustable and removable mounting bridge ( 6 ) or at least one lengthwise adjustable and removable mounting bracket ( 6 ) is present, the mounting bridge ( 6 ) or the attachment gallows ( 6 ) consists of metal and at least one insulator ( 38 ) with the fastening element ( 5 ), - that at the attachment bridge ( 6 ) or the attachment gallows ( 6 ) a spray electrode ( 7 ) in the form of a ribbon ( 7 ), Wire ( 7 ) and / or wire cables ( 7 ), wherein the spray electrode ( 7 ) in the exhaust duct ( 1 ) is guided centrally and at least to the feed opening ( 4 ), - that in the exhaust duct ( 1 ) a removable dry cleaning device ( 12 ) or wet cleaning device ( 12 ), that - a control unit ( 9 ) and / or a high voltage generator ( 9a ) is present and the metal inner tube ( 2 ) as a precipitation electrode and the spray electrode ( 7 ) with the control unit ( 9 ) and / or the high voltage generator ( 9a ) are electrically connected. Electric filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the existing chimney ( 1 ) and / or exhaust duct ( 1 ) a metal tube chimney or metal channel with a metal inner tube ( 2 ), wherein the metal inner tube ( 2 ) from the chimney pot ( 3 ) and / or from the outlet opening ( 3 ) to a fireplace floor ( 13 ) and / or a branch of the exhaust duct ( 1 ) and the metal inner tube ( 2 ) as a collecting electrode with the control unit ( 9 ) is electrically connected. Electric filter according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that in and / or on a chimney pipe ( 22 ) between the heating system ( 23 ) and / or the stove ( 23 ) and the fireplace ( 1 ) a temperature sensor ( 24 ) and with the control unit ( 9 ) and / or the high voltage generator ( 9a ) is electrically connected. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device ( 9 ) and / or the high voltage generator ( 9a ) is connectable to the 230 volt AC mains and / or to the 400 volt 3-phase AC mains. Electrofilter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the lower end of the wire ( 8th ) and / or the wire rope ( 8th ) a weight ( 8th ), where in the range of the weight ( 8th ) a position stabilization element ( 10 ) and the attitude stabilization element ( 10 ) is preferably round in the shape of a circle or ring and has star-shaped struts inside and / or outside the circle or ring and the diameter between 0.5 times to 1 times the inside diameter of the metal inner tube ( 2 ) and that the position stabilization element ( 10 ) consists of an insulator material. Electrofilter according to claim 6, characterized in that the weight ( 8th ) at the end of the volume ( 7 ), Wire ( 7 ) and / or the wire rope ( 7 ) and / or the position stabilization element ( 10 ) in the region of a cleaning opening ( 11 ) is located. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the band ( 7 ), the wire ( 7 ) and / or the wire rope ( 7 ) in the fireplace ( 1 ) in the area of the chimney tray ( 13 ) and / or the branch or feed of the exhaust duct ( 1 ) via a removable mounting bridge ( 6a ), a demountable mounting gallows ( 6a ) and / or via a spring ( 15 ) on at least one fastening element ( 5a ), the mounting bridge ( 6 ) or the attachment gallows ( 6 ) over the isolator ( 38 ) with the fastening element ( 5 ), the fireplace ( 1 ) or exhaust duct ( 1 ) has an inclination angle of between 0 degrees and 90 degrees to the vertical. Electrofilter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the spray electrode ( 7 ) is a needle-like, hair-like and / or bristle-like brush trim made of metal, wherein the brush trim has a length of between 5 mm and 60 mm. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the metal inner tube ( 2 ) over the length of the metal inner tube ( 2 ) on the inner wall of the cleaning device ( 12 ) as a demountable helically encircling and between 0.001 mm and 10 mm spaced scraper ( 18 ) in the form of metal strips and / or metal profiles with round and / or polygonal cross-section and a width of between 2 mm to 40 mm and a thickness of 1 mm to 10 mm, and the cleaning device ( 12 ) is rotatably disposed, wherein the scraper ( 18 ) on one and / or on a removable downwardly or upwardly directed regular conical, pyramidal, frusto-conical and / or truncated pyramid-shaped cage-like support device ( 19 ) in the area of the chimney head ( 3 ) and / or in the area of the chimney tray ( 13 ) on the support device ( 19 ) and between an engine ( 20 ) or geared motor ( 20 ) and the center of the supporting device ( 19 ) a flexible shaft ( 21 ) or the edge of the supporting device ( 19 ) a flexible and / or rigid shaft ( 21 ) is present with gear, wherein the engine ( 20 ) outside or inside the fireplace ( 1 ) and / or the exhaust duct ( 1 ) and at the same level, above or below the supporting device ( 19 ) and with the control unit ( 9 ) and / or high voltage generator ( 9a ) is electrically connected. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleaning device ( 12 ) in the metal inner tube ( 2 ) over the length of the metal inner tube ( 2 ) on the inner wall parallel to the metal inner ear ( 2 ) as at least one between 0.001 mm and 10 mm from the inner wall spaced scraper ( 18 ) in the form of metal strips, metal rods or metal profiles, wherein the scraper ( 29 ) at the fireplace floor ( 13 ), at the feed opening ( 4 ) and / or at the chimney head ( 3 ) of the fireplace ( 1 ) and at an inlet opening ( 4 ) and / or outlet opening ( 3 ) of an exhaust duct ( 1 ) on a guide ring ( 29 ) and the guide ring ( 29 ) inside or outside the metal inner tube ( 2 ) and is rotatably mounted and on the guide ring ( 29 ) in the area of the chimney head ( 3 ), the outlet opening ( 3 ), the chimney tray ( 13 ) or the feed opening ( 4 ) is a sprocket, which by a motor ( 20 ) or geared motor ( 20 ) is drivable. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleaning device ( 12 ) in the area of the chimney head ( 3 ) and / or outlet opening ( 3 ) is formed as an annular or annular water purifier with water outlet openings and / or nozzles and in the region of the chimney tray ( 13 ) and / or the branch or feed of the exhaust duct ( 1 ) a process ( 14 ) is present for water and condensate, wherein the water outlet openings and / or nozzles of the water flushing unit in the direction of the inner wall of the metal inner tube ( 2 ) and the water purifying unit ( 12 ) via pipes and / or hoses to at least one pump ( 16 ) is connected, the pump ( 16 ) in the area of the chimney tray ( 13 ) and / or the branch or feed of the exhaust duct ( 1 ) inside and / or outside the fireplace ( 1 ) and / or the exhaust duct ( 1 ) and the process ( 14 ) with the pump ( 16 ) and the pump ( 16 ) has a filter and the pump ( 16 ) with the control unit ( 9 ) and / or high voltage generator ( 9a ) is electrically connected. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of the chimney tray ( 13 ) and / or the branch or feed of the exhaust duct ( 1 ) inside and / or outside the fireplace ( 1 ) and / or exhaust duct ( 1 ) a catch basin ( 26 ) and / or a neutralization device ( 17 ), the sequence ( 14 ) with the catch basin ( 26 ) and / or the neutralization device ( 17 ) and the neutralization device ( 17 ) with the control unit ( 9 ) and / or high voltage generator ( 9a ) is electrically connected and in the catch basin ( 26 ) the pump ( 16 ) is present, the pump ( 16 ) is preferably a submersible pump. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the metal inner tube ( 2 ) a cleaning device ( 12 ) in Form of at least one known vibration element and / or at least one per se known hammer impact mechanism is present, wherein the vibration element and / or the hammer impact mechanism with the control unit ( 9 ) and / or high voltage generator ( 9a ) is electrically connected. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the metal inner tube ( 2 ) a cleaning device ( 12 ) in the form of at least one hollow-cylindrical insert ( 31 ), wherein the outer diameter of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) is between 1 mm to 10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the metal inner tube ( 2 ) and the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) has a wall thickness between 1 mm to 50 mm and on the outer wall of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) circumferentially at least one scraper ring ( 32 ) is arranged in the form of brushes and / or belts, wherein in the region of the scraper ring ( 32 ) the wall of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) has a concave depression and the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) on at least one guide cable ( 33 ) and / or leadership tape ( 3 ) and the guide cable ( 33 ) and / or leadership tape ( 33 ) on one outside the fireplace ( 1 ) in the area of the chimney head ( 33 ) electromechanically driven winding device ( 34 ) is mounted wound up, Whereby the winding device ( 34 ) a wave ( 35 ) and on the shaft ( 35 ) at least one winch ( 36 ) is present and that the winding device ( 34 ) with the control unit ( 9 ) and / or high voltage generator ( 9a ) is electrically connected. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting bridge ( 6 ) or the attachment gallows ( 6 ) from a winding device ( 34a ) with a wave ( 35a ) and on the wave ( 35a ) existing winds ( 36a ) and at the winds ( 36a ) the spray electrode ( 7 ) in the form of the band ( 7 ), Wire ( 7 ) and / or wire rope ( 7 ) and on the tape ( 7 ), Wire ( 7 ) and / or wire rope ( 7 ) a cleaning device ( 12 ) in the form of a hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) is present hanging, wherein the outer diameter of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) is between 1 mm to 10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the metal inner tube ( 2 ) and the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) has a wall thickness between 1 mm to 50 mm and on the outer wall of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) circumferentially at least one scraper ring ( 32 ) is arranged in the form of brushes and / or belts, wherein in the region of the scraper ring ( 32 ) the wall of the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) has a concave depression and the spray electrode is electrically conductive with the winch ( 36a ) and wave ( 35a ) and the spray electrode ( 7 ) and the winding device ( 35a ) with the control unit ( 9 ) and / or high voltage generator ( 9a ) are electrically connected, wherein the drive of the winding device ( 34a ) electrically isolated from the shaft ( 35a ), Winds ( 36a ) and spray electrode ( 7 ) and the hollow cylindrical insert ( 31 ) consists of an insulator material. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening element ( 5 ) consists of bent and / or folded sheet metal or metal profile and to the chimney head ( 3 ) or the outlet opening ( 3 ), clamped and / or around the chimney head ( 3 ) or around the outlet opening ( 3 ) and / or as a chimney hood ( 27 ), wherein the chimney hood ( 27 ) in a known manner at the chimney head ( 3 ) is attached and on the fastening element a lateral contact protection in the form of a U-shape and / or C-shape bent and / or folded metal sheet is present. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting bridge ( 6 ) or the attachment gallows ( 6 ) consists of at least one strip-shaped bent and / or folded flat material or profile and has recesses, bores and / or elongated holes, wherein the mounting bridge ( 6 ) or the attachment gallows ( 6 ) with the insulator ( 38 ) on the fastening element ( 5 ) is screwed, clamped and / or braced and the spray electrode ( 7 ) with a hook ( 28 ) on the mounting bridge ( 6 ) or the attachment gallows ( 6 ) is mounted, screwed and / or jammed. Electrostatic precipitator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting bridge ( 6 ) or the attachment gallows ( 6 ) with at least one variable length support ( 37 ) in the form of a rod, sheet or profile on the fastener ( 5 ) and / or a support ( 37 ), wherein the length-adjustable support ( 37 ) via at least one isolator ( 38 ) with the fastening element ( 5 ) connected is.