EP1958223A1 - Tap changer having a switching monitoring device - Google Patents

Tap changer having a switching monitoring device

Info

Publication number
EP1958223A1
EP1958223A1 EP06806451A EP06806451A EP1958223A1 EP 1958223 A1 EP1958223 A1 EP 1958223A1 EP 06806451 A EP06806451 A EP 06806451A EP 06806451 A EP06806451 A EP 06806451A EP 1958223 A1 EP1958223 A1 EP 1958223A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diverter
monitoring device
cam
switch
switching monitoring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06806451A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1958223B1 (en
Inventor
Reinhold Baertl
Dieter Dohnal
Albert Schmidbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP1958223A1 publication Critical patent/EP1958223A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1958223B1 publication Critical patent/EP1958223B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/54—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand the operating part having at least five or an unspecified number of operative positions
    • H01H19/60—Angularly-movable actuating part carrying no contacts
    • H01H19/62—Contacts actuated by radial cams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/44—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using Geneva movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diverter with a switching monitoring device for a
  • a diverter is used for powerless switching between different winding taps of a step transformer.
  • the switchover takes place without interruption under load
  • the corresponding transformer in the case of a changeover switch intended for the changeover, the corresponding transformer must be switched off completely before the start of each changeover and may only be switched on again after the changeover has been completed.
  • Such a diverter is known from the operating instructions of the applicant “Diverter DEET AP® U” operating instructions BA249, issued October 2003.
  • Such a known diverter can be operated by a manual drive or a motor drive, which acts on an upper gear stage, but also by a direct one Handwheel drive or a key can be operated.
  • an upper gear stage is provided on the diverter head.
  • the drive shaft actuated by manual or motor drive leads into this upper gear stage; out of the upper gear stage leads a Maltese crank that makes one revolution with each changeover, which engages in a Maltese wheel, which in turn is connected to a centrally arranged, rotatable switch column of the diverter.
  • the rotating switch column carries the movable switch contacts of the
  • this switch column is arranged centrally in the interior of an insulating frame or cylinder, on the circumference of which the fixed changeover contacts, which can be optionally switched by the rotatable, movable switching contacts, are arranged in several horizontal planes.
  • Geneva wheel engages and rotates this by one switching step.
  • the switch column rotates by the same angle, the movable contacts arranged on it leave the fixed contacts that they have previously contacted and then set a new one electrical contact to neighboring other fixed contacts. This completes the switchover and the transformer can be switched on again.
  • This switching monitoring device contains two mechanically operated microswitches, designed as cam switches S80, S90.
  • the first cam switch S80 is operated in every operating position, i. H. he changes
  • the second cam switch S90 is actuated at every switching step of the diverter, i. H. it returns to the original switch position after adjusting the diverter by one switching step.
  • a cam disk is attached above the Maltese wheel, which has a cam-shaped contour on its circumference. The number of cams corresponds to the number n of possible
  • the second cam switch runs on this frontal contour.
  • the two cam switches described are electrically connected such that the transformer circuit breaker is triggered when
  • the diverter is in a defined operating position
  • the drive of the diverter is also in a defined operating position.
  • This known switching monitoring device has various disadvantages. It can only detect whether the drive linkage is broken or uncoupled, but not the breakage or a malfunction of the Geneva drive consisting of a Geneva driver and a Geneva wheel for driving the switch column of the diverter. In the event of such a break, which the switching monitoring device does not recognize, the fact that the diverter is not in a defined operating position can result in serious damage.
  • Another disadvantage of the known device is that the spatially separated position and the different actuation of the two cam switches make the setting and adjustment complicated and cumbersome. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a diverter with a switching monitoring device which
  • the main advantage, as described, is that both a break in the drive linkage and - this is new - a break in the Geneva gear can be reliably detected.
  • an optical position indicator is additionally integrated, which can be easily read from above through a sight glass or the like.
  • Figure 1 shows a switching monitoring device of a converter according to the invention in
  • Figure 2 shows the switching monitoring device from above, closed, in perspective
  • FIG. 4 is a contact diagram of the two cam switches shown
  • the shift monitoring device 1 is arranged in a separate housing 2 above the upper gear stage of the diverter.
  • the housing 2 is fastened to the upper gear stage by means of fastening screws 3.
  • a circumferential seal 4 is also provided in between.
  • the device has a horizontally arranged cam disk 5, which is connected by means of a screw connection 6 to the Maltese transmission, not shown, and thus directly to the switch column of the diverter.
  • the cam disk 5 On its end face, the cam disk 5 has an upper end contour 7 and a lower end contour 8, the two contours 7, 8 running horizontally parallel.
  • the upper front contour 7 corresponds to an upper cam switch 9, which is functionally the cam switch S90 of the prior art.
  • the lower end contour 8 corresponds to a lower cam switch 10, which corresponds functionally to the cam switch S80 of the prior art.
  • a dial 11 is fastened to the cam disk 5, for example by means of rivets 12.
  • the dial 11 carries individual digits on its upper side which correspond to the possible positions of the changeover switch. It is of course also possible within the scope of the invention to provide these digits on the upper side of the cam disk 5 itself.
  • a cover 13 which is screwed on. Inside, it has a sight glass 14. The corresponding seals 15, 16 are also shown in FIG.
  • a cover 17 is provided as protection.
  • the sight glass 14 is arranged such that one of the digits on the dial 11 can be read from above.
  • connection terminals 18 for connecting the electrical lines to the cam switches 9, 10.
  • a screw connection 19 is also shown for leading out the electrical lines.
  • the function of the switching monitoring device according to the invention is as follows:
  • the Geneva wheel (not shown) is rotated through an angle of 360 degrees / n.
  • the associated cam disk 5 is also rotated by the same angle.
  • the upper frontal contour 7 is designed such that the corresponding upper cam switch 9 is pressed outwards at the beginning of the rotary movement and falls back into a new cam after the rotary movement has ended when the diverter has reached the new operating position.
  • the lower end contour 8, on the other hand, is designed such that at the beginning of the rotary movement the corresponding lower cam switch 10 is also pressed outwards, after the rotary movement has ended when the diverter has reached the new operating position, but remains in this position. It will not fall back into another cam until the next switchover, if this has ended.
  • the number of inwardly directed cams, ie notches on the upper front contour 7 corresponds to the number of possible switching positions n of the diverter.
  • the number of cams facing inwards, ie notches on the lower front contour 8, on the other hand, is only half as large, ie there is a cam of the lower end contour 8 only below every second cam of the upper end contour 7.
  • FIG 4 the contact diagram of the two cam switches 9, 10 is shown again alone.
  • the upper cam switch 9 is in each switching step, i. H. actuated each actuation of the diverter; it returns to the original switch position after adjusting the diverter by one switching step.
  • the lower cam switch 10 is operated in any operating position, i. H. After changing the diverter, it changes - permanently - from one operating position to the next. Only after another adjustment of the diverter to the next, subsequent operating position does it return to its original position
  • the switching monitoring device 1 in its separate housing 2 has a whole series of advantages. First of all, simple assembly and wiring is possible; all that is required is to open the cover 13; Interventions in the facility itself are no longer necessary.
  • an optical position indicator is integrated in a simple manner.
  • the corresponding numbers are arranged in such a way on the number plate 11 or on the upper side of the cam plate 5 itself that the currently switched position of the diverter can be seen from above through the sight glass 14.
  • the two cam switches 9, 10 can easily z. B. can be arranged and adjusted on a common plate.
  • a particular advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that it is not only monitored, as is customary in the prior art, whether the drive linkage is broken, but also a break or a malfunction in the Maltese drive is detected.
  • the latter in that the cam disc 5 is connected directly to the Maltese drive.
  • This provides a direct connection to the switch column.
  • the monitoring takes place directly on the switch column, without intermediate drive or gear trains which could cause additional, undetected errors.
  • the two cam switches 9, 10 are arranged vertically one above the other and designed so that no assembly or disassembly has to be carried out by the user.

Abstract

The invention relates to a tap changer having a switching monitoring device, which is arranged above the upper transmission stage in a housing. For monitoring purposes, two cam switches are provided which are actuated by a cam disk which is connected to the contact-bearing switch column of the tap changer. The cam disk has a horizontally split contour at its end face, wherein one of the two cam switches runs on each partial contour.

Description

Umsteller mit Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung  Diverter with switching monitoring device
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Umsteller mit einer Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung für einen The invention relates to a diverter with a switching monitoring device for a
Stufentransformator. Step transformer.
Ein Umsteller dient zur leistungslosen Umschaltung zwischen verschiedenen Wicklungsanzapfungen eines Stufentransformators. Im Gegensatz zu einem Laststufenschalter, bei dem die Umschaltung unterbrechungslos unter Last erfolgt, muss bei einem zur Umschaltung vorgesehen Umsteller der entsprechende Transformator vor Beginn jeder Umschaltung vollständig abgeschaltet sein und darf erst nach vollständiger Beendigung der Umschaltung wieder zugeschaltet werden. A diverter is used for powerless switching between different winding taps of a step transformer. In contrast to an on-load tap-changer, in which the switchover takes place without interruption under load, in the case of a changeover switch intended for the changeover, the corresponding transformer must be switched off completely before the start of each changeover and may only be switched on again after the changeover has been completed.
Ein solcher Umsteller ist aus der Betriebsanleitung der Anmelderin„Umsteller DEET AP® U" Betriebsanleitung BA249, Ausgabedatum Oktober 2003, bekannt. Ein solcher bekannter Umsteller kann durch einen Handantrieb oder einen Motorantrieb, der jeweils auf eine obere Getriebestufe wirkt, aber auch durch einen direkten Handradantrieb oder auch einen Schaltschlüssel betätigt werden. Such a diverter is known from the operating instructions of the applicant “Diverter DEET AP® U” operating instructions BA249, issued October 2003. Such a known diverter can be operated by a manual drive or a motor drive, which acts on an upper gear stage, but also by a direct one Handwheel drive or a key can be operated.
Im häufigsten Fall der Betätigung durch einen Handantrieb oder Motorantrieb ist am Umstellerkopf eine obere Getriebestufe vorgesehen. In diese obere Getriebestufe führt die vom Hand- oder Motorantrieb betätigte Antriebswelle; aus der oberen Getriebestufe heraus führt eine bei jeder Umschaltung eine Umdrehung vollziehende Malteserkurbel, die in ein Malteserrad eingreift, das seinerseits wiederum mit einer zentrisch angeordneten, drehbaren Schaltersäule des Umstellers in Verbindung steht. Die drehbare Schaltersäule trägt die beweglichen Schalterkontakte des In the most common case of actuation by a manual drive or motor drive, an upper gear stage is provided on the diverter head. The drive shaft actuated by manual or motor drive leads into this upper gear stage; out of the upper gear stage leads a Maltese crank that makes one revolution with each changeover, which engages in a Maltese wheel, which in turn is connected to a centrally arranged, rotatable switch column of the diverter. The rotating switch column carries the movable switch contacts of the
Umstellers. Diese Schaltersäule ist, wie beschrieben, zentrisch im Inneren eines Isolierstoffgerüstes oder -Zylinders angeordnet, an dessen Umfang in mehreren horizontalen Ebenen die festen, wahlweise von den drehbaren, beweglichen Schaltkontakten schaltbaren Umstellerkontakte angeordnet sind. Diverter. As described, this switch column is arranged centrally in the interior of an insulating frame or cylinder, on the circumference of which the fixed changeover contacts, which can be optionally switched by the rotatable, movable switching contacts, are arranged in several horizontal planes.
Durch Betätigung des Handantriebes oder Motorantriebes wird demnach eine Umschaltung folgendermaßen vorgenommen: Die in die obere Getriebestufe führende Antriebswelle dreht sich; diese Drehung wird auf den Maltesertreiber übertragen, der in das mit der Schaltersäule in By actuating the manual drive or motor drive, a changeover is carried out as follows: the drive shaft leading to the upper gear stage rotates; this rotation is transferred to the Maltese driver, which in the with the switch column in
Verbindung stehende Malteserrad eingreift und dieses um einen Schaltschritt weiterdreht. Dadurch dreht sich die Schaltersäule um den gleichen Winkel, die an ihr angeordneten beweglichen Kontakte verlassen wie bisher von ihnen kontaktierten festen Kontakte und stellen anschließend einen neuen elektrischen Kontakt zu benachbarten anderen festen Kontakten her. Damit ist die Umschaltung abgeschlossen, der Transformator kann wieder zugeschaltet werden. Connected Geneva wheel engages and rotates this by one switching step. As a result, the switch column rotates by the same angle, the movable contacts arranged on it leave the fixed contacts that they have previously contacted and then set a new one electrical contact to neighboring other fixed contacts. This completes the switchover and the transformer can be switched on again.
Beim bekannten Umsteller ist oberhalb der beschriebenen oberen Getriebestufe eine In the known diverter is above the upper gear stage described
Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung vorgesehen. Diese Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung enthält zwei mechanisch betätigte Mikroschalter, ausgeführt als Nockenschalter S80, S90. Switch monitoring device provided. This switching monitoring device contains two mechanically operated microswitches, designed as cam switches S80, S90.
Der erste Nockenschalter S80 wird in jeder Betriebsstellung betätigt, d. h. er wechselt nach The first cam switch S80 is operated in every operating position, i. H. he changes
Verstellen des Umstellers von einer Betriebsstellung zur nächsten seinen Schaltzustand. Nach Verstellen in die nächste, darauf folgende Betriebsstellung kehrt er in die ursprüngliche Adjustment of the diverter from one operating position to the next its switching state. After moving to the next, subsequent operating position, it returns to the original one
Schalterstellung zurück. Dazu wird von der Antriebswelle über ein kleines Zwischengetriebe eine Kontur betätigt, auf der der erste Nockenschalter läuft. Switch position back. For this purpose, a contour is actuated by the drive shaft via a small intermediate gear, on which the first cam switch runs.
Der zweite Nockenschalter S90 wird bei jedem Schaltschritt des Umstellers betätigt, d. h. er kehrt nach Verstellen des Umstellers um einen Schaltschritt wieder in die ursprüngliche Schalterstellung zurück. Dazu ist oberhalb des Malteserrades eine Nockenscheibe befestigt, die an ihrem Umfang eine nockenförmige Kontur trägt. Die Zahl der Nocken entspricht der Zahl n der möglichen The second cam switch S90 is actuated at every switching step of the diverter, i. H. it returns to the original switch position after adjusting the diverter by one switching step. For this purpose, a cam disk is attached above the Maltese wheel, which has a cam-shaped contour on its circumference. The number of cams corresponds to the number n of possible
Schaltstellungen. Auf dieser stimseitigen Kontur läuft der zweite Nockenschalter. Bei der Switch positions. The second cam switch runs on this frontal contour. In the
Umschaltung wird vom Malteserrad die Schaltersäule und damit auch die Nockenscheibe um einen Winkel von 360 Grad/n gedreht. Switching is rotated by the Geneva wheel, the switch column and thus the cam disc by an angle of 360 degrees / n.
Die beiden beschriebenen Nockenschalter sind derart elektrisch geschaltet, dass eine Auslösung der Transformator-Leistungsschalter erfolgt, wenn The two cam switches described are electrically connected such that the transformer circuit breaker is triggered when
— die Umstellerwelle gedreht wird, d. h. der zweite Nockenschalter S90 öffnet  - The diverter shaft is rotated, d. H. the second cam switch S90 opens
— der Antrieb des Umstellers betätigt wird, d. h. der erste Nockenschalter S80 öffnet.  - the drive of the diverter is actuated, d. H. the first S80 cam switch opens.
Dagegen darf ein Wiedereinschalten der TransformatorτLeistungschalter nur möglich sein, wennOn the other hand, it may only be possible to switch the transformer circuit breaker back on if
— der Umsteller in einer definierten Betriebsstellung steht - The diverter is in a defined operating position
— weiterhin der Antrieb des Umstellers ebenfalls in einer definierten Betriebsstellung steht.  - The drive of the diverter is also in a defined operating position.
Diese bekannt Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung weist verschiedene Nachteile auf. Sie kann nur erfassen, ob das Antriebsgestänge gebrochen bzw. entkuppelt ist, nicht jedoch den Bruch oder eine Fehlfunktion des aus Maltesertreiber und Malteserrad bestehenden Maltesergetriebes zum Antrieb der Schaltersäule des Umstellers. Bei einem solchen Bruch, den die Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung nicht erkennt, kann es dadurch, dass der Umsteller sich nicht in einer definierten Betriebsstellung befindet, zu schweren Schäden kommen. Ein weiterer Nachteil der bekannten Einrichtung besteht darin, dass durch die räumlich getrennte Lage und unterschiedliche Betätigungsart der beiden Nockenschalter sich das Einstellen und Justieren kompliziert und umständlich gestaltet. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es demnach, einen Umsteller mit einer Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung anzugeben, der This known switching monitoring device has various disadvantages. It can only detect whether the drive linkage is broken or uncoupled, but not the breakage or a malfunction of the Geneva drive consisting of a Geneva driver and a Geneva wheel for driving the switch column of the diverter. In the event of such a break, which the switching monitoring device does not recognize, the fact that the diverter is not in a defined operating position can result in serious damage. Another disadvantage of the known device is that the spatially separated position and the different actuation of the two cam switches make the setting and adjustment complicated and cumbersome. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a diverter with a switching monitoring device which
— auch eine Fehlfunktion des Malteserantriebs überwacht  - also monitors a malfunction of the Maltese drive
— einfach aufgebaut und justierbar ist  - is easy to set up and adjustable
— zudem leicht zugänglich ist.  - is also easily accessible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Umsteller mit den Merkmalen des ersten Patenanspruches gelöst. Die Unteransprüche betreffen besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. This task is solved by a diverter with the features of the first patent claim. The subclaims relate to particularly advantageous developments of the invention.
Die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Umstellers und seiner Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung lassen sich folgendermaßen zusammenfassen: The advantages of the converter according to the invention and its switching monitoring device can be summarized as follows:
— Direkte Verbindung zur Schaltersäule, damit zuverlässige Erfassung jeder unzulässigen Stellung der Schaltersäule, d. h. jeder Abweichung von einer zulässigen Betriebsstellung  - Direct connection to the switch column, so that reliable detection of any impermissible position of the switch column, d. H. any deviation from a permissible operating position
— einfache Montage und Verdrahtung durch separates Gehäuse mit Deckel  - Easy assembly and wiring through separate housing with cover
— durch gemeinsame Anordnung der beiden Nockenschalter gemeinsames Einstellen und  - By jointly arranging the two cam switches, joint setting and
Justieren auf einfache Weise möglich.  Adjustment possible in a simple way.
Der Hauptvorteil liegt, wie beschrieben, darin, dass sowohl ein Bruch des Antriebsgestänges als auch - das ist neu - ein Bruch des Maltesergetriebes zuverlässig erfasst werden kann.  The main advantage, as described, is that both a break in the drive linkage and - this is new - a break in the Geneva gear can be reliably detected.
Nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist zusätzlich eine optische Stellungsanzeige integriert, die auf einfache Weise durch ein Schauglas o. ä. von oben abgelesen werden kann. According to a particularly advantageous further development of the invention, an optical position indicator is additionally integrated, which can be easily read from above through a sight glass or the like.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend beispielhaft an Hand von Zeichnungen noch näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen: The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to drawings. The figures show:
Figur 1 eine Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung eines erfindungsgemäßen Umstellers in Figure 1 shows a switching monitoring device of a converter according to the invention in
seitlicher, schematischer Schnittdarstellung  lateral, schematic sectional view
Figur 2 die Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung von oben, geschlossen, in perspektivischer Figure 2 shows the switching monitoring device from above, closed, in perspective
Darstellung  presentation
Figur 3 die inneren Bauteile dieser Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung allein, in gleicher Figure 3, the internal components of this switching monitoring device alone, in the same
perspektivischer Darstellung  perspective view
Figur 4 ein Kontaktdiagramm der beiden Nockenschalter der dargestellten Figure 4 is a contact diagram of the two cam switches shown
Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung.  Switch monitoring device.
Zunächst soll der Aufbau der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung an Hand der Figuren 1 bis 3 erläutert werden. Die Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung 1 ist in einem separaten Gehäuse 2 oberhalb der oberen Getriebestufe des Umstellers angeordnet. Das Gehäuse 2 ist mittels Befestigungsschrauben 3 an der oberen Getriebestufe befestigt. Dazwischen ist noch eine umlaufende Dichtung 4 vorgesehen. Im Inneren weist die Einrichtung eine horizontal angeordnete Nockenscheibe 5 auf, die mittels einer Verschraubung 6 mit dem nicht dargestellten Maltesergetriebe und damit direkt mit der Schaltersäule des Umstellers verbunden ist. An ihrer Stirnfläche weist die Nockenscheibe 5 eine obere stirnseitige Kontur 7 und eine untere stirnseitige Kontur 8 auf, wobei die beiden Konturen 7, 8 horizontal parallel verlaufen. Die obere stirnseitige Kontur 7 korrespondiert mit einem oberen Nockenschalter 9, das ist von der Funktion her der Nockenschalter S90 des Standes der Technik. Die untere stirnseitige Kontur 8 korrespondiert mit einem unteren Nockenschalter 10, der funktional dem Nockenschalter S80 des Standes der Technik entspricht. First, the structure of the switching monitoring device according to the invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The shift monitoring device 1 is arranged in a separate housing 2 above the upper gear stage of the diverter. The housing 2 is fastened to the upper gear stage by means of fastening screws 3. A circumferential seal 4 is also provided in between. Inside, the device has a horizontally arranged cam disk 5, which is connected by means of a screw connection 6 to the Maltese transmission, not shown, and thus directly to the switch column of the diverter. On its end face, the cam disk 5 has an upper end contour 7 and a lower end contour 8, the two contours 7, 8 running horizontally parallel. The upper front contour 7 corresponds to an upper cam switch 9, which is functionally the cam switch S90 of the prior art. The lower end contour 8 corresponds to a lower cam switch 10, which corresponds functionally to the cam switch S80 of the prior art.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist auf der Nockenscheibe 5 eine Ziffernscheibe 11 befestigt, beispielsweise mittels Nieten 12. Die Ziffernscheibe 1 1 trägt auf ihrer oberen Seite einzelne Ziffern, die den möglichen Stellungen des Umstellers entsprechen. Es ist im Rahmen der Erfindung natürlich auch möglich, diese Ziffern auf der oberen Seite der Nockenscheibe 5 selbst vorzusehen. Im oberen Bereich des Gehäuses 2 befindet sich ein Deckel 13, der aufgeschraubt ist. Im Inneren weist er ein Schauglas 14 auf. In der Figur 1 sind noch die entsprechenden Dichtungen 15, 16 mit dargestellt. Am oberen Ende des Deckels 13, oberhalb des Schauglases 14, ist als Schutz eine Abdeckung 17 vorgesehen. Das Schauglas 14 ist so angeordnet, dass von oben jeweils eine der Ziffern auf der Zifferscheibe 1 1 ablesbar ist. Seitlich unterhalb des Deckels 13 befinden sich Anschlussklemmen 18 für den Anschluss der elektrischen Leitungen an den Nockenschaltern 9, 10. Seitlich ist noch eine Verschraubung 19 zum Herausführen der elektrischen Leitungen gezeigt. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a dial 11 is fastened to the cam disk 5, for example by means of rivets 12. The dial 11 carries individual digits on its upper side which correspond to the possible positions of the changeover switch. It is of course also possible within the scope of the invention to provide these digits on the upper side of the cam disk 5 itself. In the upper area of the housing 2 there is a cover 13 which is screwed on. Inside, it has a sight glass 14. The corresponding seals 15, 16 are also shown in FIG. At the upper end of the cover 13, above the sight glass 14, a cover 17 is provided as protection. The sight glass 14 is arranged such that one of the digits on the dial 11 can be read from above. On the side below the cover 13 there are connection terminals 18 for connecting the electrical lines to the cam switches 9, 10. On the side, a screw connection 19 is also shown for leading out the electrical lines.
Die Funktion der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung ist folgende: The function of the switching monitoring device according to the invention is as follows:
Bei jeder Betätigung des Umschalters, der n Schaltstellungen aufweist, wird das - nicht dargestellte - Malteserrad um einen Winkel von 360 Grad/n gedreht. Um den gleichen Winkel wird auch die damit verbundene Nockenscheibe 5 gedreht. Die obere stirnseitige Kontur 7 ist so beschaffen, dass zu Beginn der Drehbewegung der korrespondierende obere Nockenschalter 9 nach außen gedrückt wird und nach Abschluss der Drehbewegung, wenn der Umsteller die neue Betriebsstellung erreicht hat, wieder in eine neue Nocke zurückfällt. Die untere stirnseitige Kontur 8 hingegen ist so beschaffen, dass zu Beginn der Drehbewegung der korrespondierende untere Nockenschalter 10 ebenfalls nach außen gedrückt wird, nach Abschluss der Drehbewegung, wenn der Umsteller die neue Betriebsstellung erreicht hat, jedoch in dieser Stellung verharrt. Erst bei der nachfolgenden, nächsten Umschaltung wird er, wenn diese beendet ist, in eine weitere Nocke zurückfallen. Each time the switch is operated, which has n switch positions, the Geneva wheel (not shown) is rotated through an angle of 360 degrees / n. The associated cam disk 5 is also rotated by the same angle. The upper frontal contour 7 is designed such that the corresponding upper cam switch 9 is pressed outwards at the beginning of the rotary movement and falls back into a new cam after the rotary movement has ended when the diverter has reached the new operating position. The lower end contour 8, on the other hand, is designed such that at the beginning of the rotary movement the corresponding lower cam switch 10 is also pressed outwards, after the rotary movement has ended when the diverter has reached the new operating position, but remains in this position. It will not fall back into another cam until the next switchover, if this has ended.
Daraus ergibt sich, dass die Zahl der nach innen gerichteten Nocken, d. h. Einkerbungen auf der oberen stirnseitigen Kontur 7 der Zahl der möglichen Schaltstellungen n des Umstellers entspricht. Die Zahl der nach innen gerichteten Nocken, d. h. Einkerbungen auf der unteren stirnseitigen Kontur 8 hingegen ist nur halb so groß, d. h. nur unterhalb jeder zweiten Nocke der oberen stirnseitigen Kontur 7 befindet sich eine Nocke der unteren stirnseitigen Kontur 8. It follows from this that the number of inwardly directed cams, ie notches on the upper front contour 7, corresponds to the number of possible switching positions n of the diverter. The number of cams facing inwards, ie notches on the lower front contour 8, on the other hand, is only half as large, ie there is a cam of the lower end contour 8 only below every second cam of the upper end contour 7.
In Figur 4 ist das Kontaktdiagramm der beiden Nockenschalter 9, 10 noch einmal allein dargestellt. Der obere Nockenschalter 9 wird bei jedem Schaltschritt, d. h. jeder Betätigung des Umstellers betätigt; er kehrt nach Verstellen des Umstellers um einen Schaltschritt wieder in die ursprüngliche Schalterstellung zurück. Der untere Nockenschalter 10 hingegen wird in jeder Betriebsstellung betätigt, d. h. er wechselt nach dem Verstellen des Umstellers von einer Betriebsstellung zur nächsten - dauerhaft - seinen Schaltzustand. Erst nach einem weiteren Verstellen des Umstellers in die wiederum nächste, darauffolgende Betriebsstellung kehrt er in seine ursprüngliche In Figure 4, the contact diagram of the two cam switches 9, 10 is shown again alone. The upper cam switch 9 is in each switching step, i. H. actuated each actuation of the diverter; it returns to the original switch position after adjusting the diverter by one switching step. The lower cam switch 10, however, is operated in any operating position, i. H. After changing the diverter, it changes - permanently - from one operating position to the next. Only after another adjustment of the diverter to the next, subsequent operating position does it return to its original position
Schalterstellung zurück. Switch position back.
Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung 1 in ihrem separaten Gehäuse 2 besitzt eine ganze Reihe von Vorteilen. Zunächst einmal ist eine einfache Montage und Verdrahtung möglich, dazu muss nur der Deckel 13 geöffnet werden; Eingriffe in die Einrichtung selbst sind nicht mehr notwendig. In der erläuterten besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist auf einfache Weise eine optische Stellungsanzeige integriert. Die entsprechenden Ziffern sind in einer solchen Weise auf der Ziffernscheibe 11 oder auch auf der oberen Seite der Nockenscheibe 5 selbst angeordnet, dass durch das Schauglas 14 die jeweils geschaltete aktuelle Stellung des Umstellers von oben sichtbar ist. Die beiden Nockenschalter 9, 10 können auf einfache Weise z. B. auf einer gemeinsamen Platte angeordnet und eingestellt werden. The switching monitoring device 1 according to the invention in its separate housing 2 has a whole series of advantages. First of all, simple assembly and wiring is possible; all that is required is to open the cover 13; Interventions in the facility itself are no longer necessary. In the particularly advantageous embodiment explained, an optical position indicator is integrated in a simple manner. The corresponding numbers are arranged in such a way on the number plate 11 or on the upper side of the cam plate 5 itself that the currently switched position of the diverter can be seen from above through the sight glass 14. The two cam switches 9, 10 can easily z. B. can be arranged and adjusted on a common plate.
Ein besonderer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung besteht darin, dass nicht nur, wie nach dem Stand der Technik üblich, überwacht wird, ob das Antriebsgestänge gebrochen ist, sondern zusätzlich auch ein Bruch oder eine Fehlfunktion am Malteserantrieb erfasst werden. Letzteres dadurch, dass die Nockenscheibe 5 direkt mit dem Malteserantrieb verbunden ist. Damit ist eine direkte Verbindung zur Schaltersäule gegeben. Mit anderen Worten: Die Überwachung erfolgt gemäß der Erfindung direkt an der Schaltersäule, ohne zwischengeschaltete Antriebs- oder Getriebezüge, die zusätzliche, nicht erfasste Fehler verursachen könnten.  A particular advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that it is not only monitored, as is customary in the prior art, whether the drive linkage is broken, but also a break or a malfunction in the Maltese drive is detected. The latter in that the cam disc 5 is connected directly to the Maltese drive. This provides a direct connection to the switch column. In other words: according to the invention, the monitoring takes place directly on the switch column, without intermediate drive or gear trains which could cause additional, undetected errors.
Auf besonders vorteilhafte Weise sind die beiden Nockenschalter 9, 10 vertikal übereinander angeordnet und so konzipiert, dass anwenderseitig keine Montage bzw. Demontage durchgeführt werden muss. In a particularly advantageous manner, the two cam switches 9, 10 are arranged vertically one above the other and designed so that no assembly or disassembly has to be carried out by the user.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Umsteller mit Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung, 1. diverter with switching monitoring device,
wobei der Umsteller eine obere Getriebestufe aufweist, die von einer Antriebswelle betätigbar ist, wobei die obere Getriebestufe ihrerseits ein Maltesergetriebe antreibt, the diverter having an upper gear stage which can be actuated by a drive shaft, the upper gear stage in turn driving a Geneva gear,
wobei ein Malteserrad des Maltesergetriebes mechanisch mit einer zentrisch im Umsteller angeordneten, Kontakte tragenden Schaltersäule verbunden ist wherein a Geneva wheel of the Geneva transmission is mechanically connected to a switch carrier column arranged centrally in the diverter
und wobei die Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung oberhalb der oberen Getriebestufe in einem Gehäuse angeordnet ist und zwei Nockenschalter aufweist, and wherein the shift monitoring device is arranged above the upper gear stage in a housing and has two cam switches,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung (1 ) eine horizontal angeordnete Nockenscheibe (5) aufweist, die mit dem Malteserrad und damit direkt mit der Schaltersäule mechanisch verbunden ist, dass die Nockenscheibe (5) an ihrer Stirnfläche eine umlaufende obere stirnseitige Kontur (7) und eine untere stirnseitige Kontur (8) aufweist, wobei die beiden Konturen (7, 8) horizontal parallel verlaufen that the switching monitoring device (1) has a horizontally arranged cam disc (5) which is mechanically connected to the Geneva wheel and thus directly to the switch column, that the cam disc (5) has a circumferential upper frontal contour (7) and a lower frontal side on its end face Has contour (8), the two contours (7, 8) running horizontally parallel
und dass auf der oberen stirnseitigen Kontur (7) der erste Nockenschalter (9) und auf der unteren stirnseitigen Kontur (8) der zweite Nockenschalter (10) abläuft. and that the first cam switch (9) runs on the upper end contour (7) and the second cam switch (10) runs on the lower end contour (8).
2. Umsteller mit Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , 2. diverter with switching monitoring device according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die obere stirnseitige Kontur (7) geometrisch derart ausgebildet ist, dass zu Beginn der Drehbewegung der Nockenscheibe (5) der auf ihr ablaufende obere Nockenschalter (9) nach außen gedrückt wird und nach Abschluss der Drehbewegung wieder in eine neue Nocke zurückfällt und dass die untere stirnseitige Kontur (8) geometrisch derart ausgebildet ist, dass zu Beginn der Drehbewegung der Nockenscheibe (5) der auf ihr ablaufende untere Nockenschalter (10) ebenfalls nach außen gedrückt wird, nach Abschluss der Drehbewegung jedoch in dieser Stellung verharrt und erst bei der nachfolgenden nächsten Drehbewegung in eine weitere Nocken zurückfällt. that the upper end contour (7) is geometrically designed such that at the beginning of the rotary movement of the cam disc (5) the upper cam switch (9) running on it is pressed outwards and after the rotary movement has ended it falls back into a new cam and that The lower frontal contour (8) is geometrically designed such that at the start of the rotary movement of the cam disc (5) the lower cam switch (10) running on it is also pressed outwards, but remains in this position after completion of the rotary movement and only in the subsequent one next rotary movement falls back into another cam.
3. Umsteller mit Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 2, 3. diverter with switching monitoring device according to claim 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Zahl der nach innen gerichteten Nocken auf der oberen stirnseitigen Kontur (7) der Zahl der möglichen Schaltstellungen n des Umstellers entspricht that the number of inwardly directed cams on the upper front contour (7) corresponds to the number of possible switching positions n of the diverter
und dass die Zahl der nach innen gerichteten Nocken auf der unteren stirnseitigen Kontur (8) der halben Zahl der möglichen Schaltstellungen des Umstellers entspricht. and that the number of inwardly directed cams on the lower end contour (8) corresponds to half the number of possible switching positions of the diverter.
4. Umsteller mit Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3; 4. diverter with switching monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 3;
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Nockenschalter (9, 10) vertikal übereinander, d. h. in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Nockenscheibe (5), angeordnet sind. characterized, that the two cam switches (9, 10) are arranged vertically one above the other, ie in a plane perpendicular to the cam disc (5).
5. Umsteller mit Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, 5. diverter with switching monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass auf der oberen Seite der Nockenscheibe (5) Ziffern angeordnet sind, die den möglichenthat numbers are arranged on the upper side of the cam disc (5), which indicate the possible
Stellungen des Umstellers entsprechen, Correspond to the positions of the diverter,
dass im oberen Bereich des Gehäuses (2) ein Schauglas (14) vorgesehen ist that a sight glass (14) is provided in the upper region of the housing (2)
und dass das Schauglas (14) so angeordnet ist, dass von oben jeweils die der aktuellen Stellung desand that the sight glass (14) is arranged in such a way that the current position of the
Umstellers entsprechende Ziffer ablesbar ist. Convertible corresponding number can be read.
6. Umsteller mit Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, 6. diverter with switching monitoring device according to claim 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Ziffern auf einer separaten Ziffernscheibe (11 ) angeordnet sind, die auf der Nockenscheibe (5) befestigt ist. that the numbers are arranged on a separate number plate (11) which is attached to the cam disc (5).
7. Umsteller mit Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, 7. diverter with switching monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Nockenscheibe (5) direkt auf der Schaltersäule über dem Malteserrad angeordnet ist. that the cam disc (5) is arranged directly on the switch column above the Geneva wheel.
8. Umsteller mit Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 7, 8. diverter with switching monitoring device according to claim 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Nockenscheibe (5) und Malteserrad besteht. that there is a positive connection between the cam disc (5) and the Maltese wheel.
9. Umsteller mit Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, 9. diverter with switching monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Schaltüberwachungseinrichtung (1 ) oberhalb des Umstellerkopfes zentrisch im Gehäuse (2) angeordnet ist. that the switching monitoring device (1) is arranged centrally above the changeover head in the housing (2).
EP06806451A 2005-12-09 2006-10-21 Tap changer having a switching monitoring device Active EP1958223B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005058793A DE102005058793B3 (en) 2005-12-09 2005-12-09 Switching controller for a switch-monitoring unit for switching between step-up transformer windings has cam discs connected to Maltese wheel and operating cam switches
PCT/EP2006/010169 WO2007065499A1 (en) 2005-12-09 2006-10-21 Tap changer having a switching monitoring device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1958223A1 true EP1958223A1 (en) 2008-08-20
EP1958223B1 EP1958223B1 (en) 2010-12-15

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US (1) US7550688B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1958223B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2009518787A (en)
KR (1) KR101249875B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101292315B (en)
AT (1) ATE492024T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0619537B8 (en)
CZ (1) CZ301932B6 (en)
DE (2) DE102005058793B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2357906T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1118945A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2404473C2 (en)
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RU2404473C2 (en) 2010-11-20
UA93694C2 (en) 2011-03-10
DE502006008535D1 (en) 2011-01-27
JP2009518787A (en) 2009-05-07
CN101292315B (en) 2012-07-04
BRPI0619537B8 (en) 2021-07-06
ES2357906T3 (en) 2011-05-03
RU2008112885A (en) 2009-10-10
EP1958223B1 (en) 2010-12-15
BRPI0619537A2 (en) 2011-10-04
BRPI0619537B1 (en) 2018-10-16
KR101249875B1 (en) 2013-04-03
HK1118945A1 (en) 2009-02-20
CZ2008405A3 (en) 2008-08-20
CN101292315A (en) 2008-10-22
KR20080074114A (en) 2008-08-12
CZ301932B6 (en) 2010-08-04
US7550688B2 (en) 2009-06-23
WO2007065499A1 (en) 2007-06-14
ATE492024T1 (en) 2011-01-15
US20080302639A1 (en) 2008-12-11
DE102005058793B3 (en) 2006-12-07

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