EP1956228A1 - Tankentlüftungssystem für einen Fahrzeug-Kraftstofftank - Google Patents

Tankentlüftungssystem für einen Fahrzeug-Kraftstofftank Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1956228A1
EP1956228A1 EP07250510A EP07250510A EP1956228A1 EP 1956228 A1 EP1956228 A1 EP 1956228A1 EP 07250510 A EP07250510 A EP 07250510A EP 07250510 A EP07250510 A EP 07250510A EP 1956228 A1 EP1956228 A1 EP 1956228A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow path
recovery system
inlet
chamber
purge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07250510A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrzej R. Kalina
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Delphi Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies Inc filed Critical Delphi Technologies Inc
Priority to EP07250510A priority Critical patent/EP1956228A1/de
Priority to CN2008100054881A priority patent/CN101239582B/zh
Publication of EP1956228A1 publication Critical patent/EP1956228A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0854—Details of the absorption canister
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/089—Layout of the fuel vapour installation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vapour recovery system for a vehicle fuel tank comprising a canister containing an adsorbent material, such as carbon, for adsorbing fuel from fuel vapour laden air, and in particular to a vapour recovery system adapted to avoid the need for a purge valve.
  • a adsorbent material such as carbon
  • the headspace it is necessary to vent the air space in the upper regions of a vehicle fuel tank (known as the headspace) in order to avoid the formation of an air lock as a tank is emptied in use, during refuelling when air is displaced from the headspace as the tank is filled with fuel, and to compensate for pressure changes in the headspace due to evaporation of fuel and subsequent condensation during changes in ambient temperature.
  • a typical vapour recovery system comprises an adsorption canister 1 containing an activated carbon filter material 2 having an inlet 3 connected to a tank headspace vent passage, to trap fuel vapour while permitting the passage of air through a vent port 4 to the atmosphere during refuelling of a vehicle.
  • adsorbed fuel vapour trapped in the canister is removed by drawing air through the canister 1 through a purge outlet 5 communicating with the air-intake system of the engine such that the desorbed fuel vapour is burnt in the engine.
  • the hydrocarbons are desorbed, transferred to engine and burnt.
  • the main function of the canister is to adsorb vapours from the fuel system and reduce environmental pollution due to evaporative emissions from gasoline powered engines.
  • the vapour recovery system includes a purge valve 6 between the canister purge outlet 5 and the engine.
  • the purge valve 6 normally solenoid valve
  • the ECU periodically opens the valve to allow hydrocarbons flow to engine.
  • the periodical operation is required to limit amount of hydrocarbons delivered to engine. This is critical for engine performance, drivability and vehicle exhaust emissions.
  • a partition wall 7 extends within the canister 1 between the vent outlet and purge outlet.
  • a mechanical valve (diaphragm or ball-spring valve) is used instead of a solenoid valve to simplify the system and reduce total cost.
  • the valve does not provide means of hydrocarbons control during engine operation. Its function is limited to on/off operation. The valve is open all the time during purge and remains closed when engine is off, limiting vapour flow from canister to the engine manifold and reducing evaporative emissions.
  • a vapour recovery system for a vehicle fuel tank comprising a canister defining at least one chamber containing an adsorbent material for adsorbing fuel from fuel vapour laden air, the canister having an inlet for communication with the headspace of a vehicle fuel tank, a vent outlet for communication with the atmosphere and a purge outlet for communication with the air intake of the vehicle engine, a first flow path between the inlet and the vent outlet, and a second flow path between the inlet and the purge outlet, wherein the second flow path has a greater flow restriction and/or residence time than the first flow path.
  • vapour preferentially flows from the canister inlet to the vent outlet. This eliminates the need for a purge valve associated with the purge outlet.
  • the cross sectional area of the first flow path is greater than the cross sectional area of the second flow path.
  • the minimum cross sectional area of the first flow path is greater than the minimum cross sectional area of the second flow path.
  • the adsorbent material located in the second flow path has a higher restriction to the passage of air than the adsorbent material located in the first flow path.
  • the canister may be provided with a further inlet for connection to ambient air for supplying ambient air into said second flow path.
  • the canister is divided into first and second chambers, each of said first and second chambers having an inlet end communicating with said canister inlet, said vent outlet being provided at an outlet end of the first chamber and said purge outlet being provided at an outlet end of said second chamber, wherein said first flow path, comprising an adsorption flow path, is defined through said first chamber and said second flow path, comprising a purge flow path, is defined through said second chamber.
  • the second chamber may have at least one region of restricted cross sectional area, to provide a flow restriction in the purge flow path, and at least one region of greater cross sectional area, to provide an increased adsorption capacity.
  • the second chamber may be provided with a fresh air inlet in a side region thereof.
  • the flow restriction of the purge flow path 17 is at least twice that of the adsorption flow path 16, thus vapour laden air from the headspace of the fuel tank preferentially flows through the adsorption flow path 16 from the inlet 13 to the vent outlet 14.
  • the purge flow path 17 During rest, because the adsorbent material 20 in the purge flow path 17 adsorbs very little fuel vapour from the tank, it stays considerably clean.
  • vapours from first chamber 11 of the canister flow through the adsorbent material in the purge flow path 17 due to the vacuum produced in the engine intake.
  • the purge flow path 17 acts as delay line, so engine can warm up before fuel vapour from the canister reaches the engine. This improves engine performance and helps to control exhaust emissions.
  • the second chamber 12 defining the purge flow path 17 contains an adsorbent material 20b having a greater resistance to flow than the adsorbent material 20a contained in the first chamber, to further restrict the flow of vapour through the purge flow path.
  • the second chamber 12 contains narrower cross section regions 22,23 to provide a flow restriction in the purge flow path, and a wider cross section increased volume region 24 therebetween to provide a greater adsorption capacity. This improves the vapour recovery system performance.
  • the large cross section region 24 of the second chamber 12 increases residence time of vapour within the second chamber 24, so peak concentrations of hydrocarbons at the purge outlet 15 are reduced.
  • a diluting feature can be implemented to further improve system performance.
  • a fresh air inlet 30 is provided in a side region of the second chamber 12 to enable fresh air to be drawn into the purge flow path 17 to further reduce the peak concentrations of hydrocarbons at the purge outlet 15
  • the vapour recovery system of the present invention can be used on simple systems, like powered two wheelers in developing countries, to avoid the use of control valves, reduce total vapour recovery system cost and improving system reliability as no movable parts are necessary.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)
EP07250510A 2007-02-08 2007-02-08 Tankentlüftungssystem für einen Fahrzeug-Kraftstofftank Withdrawn EP1956228A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07250510A EP1956228A1 (de) 2007-02-08 2007-02-08 Tankentlüftungssystem für einen Fahrzeug-Kraftstofftank
CN2008100054881A CN101239582B (zh) 2007-02-08 2008-02-05 车辆燃油箱的蒸汽回收系统

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07250510A EP1956228A1 (de) 2007-02-08 2007-02-08 Tankentlüftungssystem für einen Fahrzeug-Kraftstofftank

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1956228A1 true EP1956228A1 (de) 2008-08-13

Family

ID=38198022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07250510A Withdrawn EP1956228A1 (de) 2007-02-08 2007-02-08 Tankentlüftungssystem für einen Fahrzeug-Kraftstofftank

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1956228A1 (de)
CN (1) CN101239582B (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9694310B2 (en) 2014-08-11 2017-07-04 Stant Usa Corp. Fuel vapor recovery canister

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0631043A1 (de) * 1993-06-19 1994-12-28 Filterwerk Mann + Hummel Gmbh Aktivkohlefilter zur Kraftstofftankentlüftung
US5957114A (en) 1998-07-17 1999-09-28 Ford Motor Company Evaporative emission canister for an automotive vehicle
US6237574B1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2001-05-29 Ford Motor Company Evaporative emission canister for an automotive vehicle
EP1507081A1 (de) 2003-08-12 2005-02-16 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von verdampften Brennstoff

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0631043A1 (de) * 1993-06-19 1994-12-28 Filterwerk Mann + Hummel Gmbh Aktivkohlefilter zur Kraftstofftankentlüftung
US5957114A (en) 1998-07-17 1999-09-28 Ford Motor Company Evaporative emission canister for an automotive vehicle
US6237574B1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2001-05-29 Ford Motor Company Evaporative emission canister for an automotive vehicle
EP1507081A1 (de) 2003-08-12 2005-02-16 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von verdampften Brennstoff

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101239582B (zh) 2010-08-04
CN101239582A (zh) 2008-08-13

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