EP1954859A1 - Procede de fabrication de fibres courtes ayant une structure noyau-gaine avec une frisure tridimensionnelle et fibre courte ayant une structure noyau-gaine ainsi obtenue - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication de fibres courtes ayant une structure noyau-gaine avec une frisure tridimensionnelle et fibre courte ayant une structure noyau-gaine ainsi obtenue

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Publication number
EP1954859A1
EP1954859A1 EP06806673A EP06806673A EP1954859A1 EP 1954859 A1 EP1954859 A1 EP 1954859A1 EP 06806673 A EP06806673 A EP 06806673A EP 06806673 A EP06806673 A EP 06806673A EP 1954859 A1 EP1954859 A1 EP 1954859A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
core
fibers
sheath
staple
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06806673A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hendrik Tiemeier
Ekkehard Labitzke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oerlikon Textile GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Oerlikon Textile GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oerlikon Textile GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Oerlikon Textile GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1954859A1 publication Critical patent/EP1954859A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
    • Y10T428/2909—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/609—Cross-sectional configuration of strand or fiber material is specified
    • Y10T442/612—Hollow strand or fiber material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/627—Strand or fiber material is specified as non-linear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
    • Y10T442/635—Synthetic polymeric strand or fiber material
    • Y10T442/636—Synthetic polymeric strand or fiber material is of staple length

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the production of core-sheath staple fibers with a three-dimensional crimping by extruding and cooling the fiber and subsequent multi-stage treatment in a fiber strand to cut the fiber into staple fibers and a core-sheath staple with a three-dimensional crimp consisting of several polymer components.
  • Synthetic staple fibers are increasingly used for the production of nonwoven materials, wherein in particular the external nature as well as the possibility of joining the fibers represent special characteristic quantities. It has been found that the staple fibers with a core-sheath characteristic, in which the sheath of the fiber has a thermobondierbares polymer material, is particularly well suited to obtain by thermobonding a preconsolidated nonwoven layer. Such nonwoven layers are preferably used for multilayer nonwoven materials, as substantially intermixings of the fiber between the individual layers occur. Such a core-sheath fiber is known, for example, from JP 2-191717.
  • the fiber is extruded from two different polymer components in order to obtain a material favorable for thermobonding in the sheath of the fibers.
  • the polymer components are chosen such that after cooling, these have different shrinkage behavior, resulting in the further treatment for self-crimping of the fiber.
  • Such a property of the fiber which is also known as so-called three-dimensional crimping, is particularly intensified in that the core is formed eccentrically within the fiber cross-section and thus a material supply which differs substantially on both sides of the fiber. which increases the self-curling effect. After melt-spinning the fiber, it is drawn, mechanically crimped and cut into staple fibers after shrinking at about 100 ° C.
  • the eccentric arrangement of the core within the fiber cross-section has the disadvantage that in places an insufficient sheathing with the respective second polymer component is formed, which hampers the further processing process, in particular with regard to the thermal bonding properties.
  • a further disadvantage is that the generated 3D crimp is based essentially on the differences between the polymer components.
  • Such a core-sheath staple fiber and its production process are also known from US 2004, 0234757 A1, wherein the eccentric formation of the polymer components within the fiber cross-section to produce 3D crimping is to be improved by unilaterally forming the fiberdeluflstrom is acted upon.
  • the fiber has an eccentrically formed core-shell structure, which leads to the disadvantages already mentioned above.
  • EP 0 891 433 B1 discloses a core-shell staple fiber in which the fiber has a symmetrical core-shell arrangement.
  • the fiber consists of a polymer component which is decomposed by Oxidarion in the edge region and thus shows the core-shell structure.
  • such fibers have very poor self-cockling properties, so mechanical crimping is inevitable.
  • the mechanical crimping, also referred to as so-called two-dimensional crimping is basically leads to a lower bulk and bulk of the fiber.
  • the invention is characterized in that the core-shell staple fiber has at its periphery a uniformly distributed polymer component whose properties can be matched to the further processing process.
  • the core-shell staple fiber has at its periphery a uniformly distributed polymer component whose properties can be matched to the further processing process.
  • it is advantageous to produce thermal bonds through individual melting points to each fiber safely.
  • the different crystallinity produced during the solidification of the fiber, in particular in the cladding region due to the sharp blowing, leads to a high degree of self-crimping, which is further intensified by the material difference resulting between the cladding and the core.
  • What is essential here, however, is that a multi-stage treatment carried out in a fiber web after melt-spinning of the fiber is carried out at temperatures which are below the glass transition temperature of the polymer component in the sheath of the fibers.
  • the core-sheath staple fiber according to the invention has, in the symmetrically formed core-sheath structure, a fine crystalline structure on one side of the fiber and a substantially coarser crystalline structure on an opposite side of the fiber.
  • the fiber shows an intensely embossed 3D crimp, which leads to a bulky and voluminous character of the fiber.
  • such fibers can also be used advantageously as a filler.
  • the staple fiber according to the invention is also preferably suitable for multilayer nonwoven products.
  • the three-dimensional crimping in the core-sheath staple fiber can be further improved by extruding the fiber with a hollow core which has a center-formed hollow portion of at least 2% of the fiber cross-section.
  • the hollow portion can assume a maximum size of 30% of the fiber cross section.
  • the hollow cross-section of the fiber is preferably extruded through a nozzle bore having a C-shaped opening cross-section.
  • a filling of a gaseous medium preferably an ambient air
  • the air contained in the hollow portion thus acts in addition insulating between the fiber sides, so that the one-sided cooling create structural change can emerge even more.
  • the filling within the fiber causes an increase in the elasticity, so that in particular a relatively high elastic recovery on the fiber is detectable.
  • the core-coat staple fiber is extruded with a jacket which encloses the core with a substantially coaxially shaped annular surface in the range of 5 to 50% of the fiber cross-section. This provides a high level of flexibility in the design of the core-shell staple fiber in order to realize different combinations of polyermomponents in different proportions.
  • the cooling of the fiber with a cooling air the air temperature in the range from 5 ° C to 30 0 C.
  • the cooling air is introduced at a temperature of below 20 ° C to the freshly extruded fibers.
  • the extrusion of the fibers can be carried out both by rectangular spinning nozzles and by ring spinning nozzles.
  • rectangular spinning nozzles with a plurality of nozzle openings
  • the filament bundle extruded through the nozzle openings is guided along a transverse flow blowing and cooled from the outside by the cooling air flow.
  • the fibers extruded into a filament veil are preferably cooled by a spark plug blowing, in which the cooling air flow flows radially through the annular filament bundle from inside to outside.
  • the fibers are preferably removed after extrusion at a take-off speed in the range of 100 m / min, up to 1,000 m / min, so that the further processing of the fiber on a fiber strand can be carried out both continuously and discontinuously.
  • the sheath is extruded from a low-melting polymer, for example a co-polyester or olefin.
  • the core can preferably be extruded from a polyolefin, for example a PP polymer, which can be regarded as a cost-effective filling material.
  • the core-sheath staple fiber according to the invention is characterized not only by the high three-dimensional crimping but also by its high dimensional stability, since during processing into a nonwoven essentially only the polymer component in the cladding region of the fiber is used to produce a thermal bond. Essentially, the polymer component in the core of the fiber remains unaffected.
  • the self-crimping produced in the fiber provides, in particular, a fiber structure which is relatively light in terms of volume, so that high-voluminous nonwovens having high porosity and good recovery properties can be produced.
  • the relatively light specific weight of the fiber is in particular on the one hand by a relatively large hollow portion of max. Achieved 30% of the fiber cross section and on the other hand by the choice of material, which has a material density, in particular in the shell, which is greater than the material density in the core. It has been found to be particularly advantageous if the material density in the jacket by a factor between 1 to 1.5 greater than the material density of the core.
  • the self-crimp of the fiber which is due to unilaterally faster cooling and any desired unevenness in material distribution across the fiber cross-section of the fiber, is in the range of 5 to 12 loops of 1-inch fiber length, corresponding to 25.4-mm fiber length , Such crimps are particularly suitable for forming bulky nonwovens therefrom. It has been found that the use of such core-sheath staple fibers is preferably in the lower titer range, so that the process variant is particularly advantageous, in which after the multi-stage treatment, a fiber having a filament titer in the range of 2 to 20 den.
  • the nonwoven fabric product according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a fiber composite can be produced in a simple manner by, for example, application of hot air.
  • both multi-layer fiber webs can be produced as a molded part or semifinished product.
  • the fibrous products could be used as filling material due to their bulkiness.
  • the staple fibers according to the invention are preferably processed by kadding into a pile, wherein the solidification of the staple fibers within the pile can be effected in a simple manner by thermal consolidation by fusing the intersection points of the staple fiber.
  • the pile can be heated, for example, by heated air or by radiant heating elements.
  • the fiber is preferably suitable for producing three-dimensional fiber structures in the web.
  • the fleece has the special advantage that recovery takes place as far as possible even after mechanical stress. This effect can be used over a very long period of time due to the special property of the fiber.
  • the nonwoven fabric formed from the staple fibers is thus formed in particular as heat insulation, sound insulation or padding material.
  • Such materials are characterized in particular by the small surface volume which is possible by the core-sheath staple fiber according to the invention. in this respect Such nonwovens can be produced with relatively little use of raw materials.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a side view of a melt spinning apparatus for extruding a plurality of fibers
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a side view of a fiber line for Mehrhavenbehand- averaging a plurality of sheath-core fibers
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows a cross section of an embodiment of a core-sheath staple fiber
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a cross section of another embodiment of the sheath-core staple fiber according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a melt spinning apparatus for extruding a plurality of core-sheath fibers
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 form an embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • Such staple fiber production plants have the peculiarity that the fibers extruded by melt spinning are intermediately stored before a multi-stage treatment. In this way, during melt spinning of the fiber and in the multi-stage treatment of the fiber, different production speeds and different material flows can be realized and optimized for the respective process section.
  • melt spinning of the fiber and in the multi-stage treatment of the fiber different production speeds and different material flows can be realized and optimized for the respective process section.
  • a variety of core-sheath fibers extruded and stored as a so-called tow in a jug for intermediate storage in a first stage of process a variety of core-sheath fibers extruded and stored as a so-called tow in a jug for intermediate storage.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 an embodiment of such a melt spinning device is shown schematically in several views.
  • Fig. 1 shows the melt spinning apparatus in a side view
  • Fig. 2 shows the melt spinning apparatus in a cross sectional view.
  • the melt spinning device has a spinning device 1, which is connected to a melt preparation 2.
  • the melt preparation 2 is formed by two melt sources 3.1 and 3.2, which are connected to the spinning device 1 via the melt distribution systems 4.1 and 4.2.
  • the melt sources 3.1 and 3.2 are shown in this embodiment as extruders, which each melt a polymer material.
  • a first polymer component A can be prepared by the melt source 3.1 and a second polymer component B can be processed by the melt source 3.2 to produce a polymer melt which is fed to the spinning device 1.
  • the spinning device 1 has a plurality of spinneret means 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 juxtaposed in a spinning beam 7.
  • the spinneret means 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 are coupled to the melt distribution systems 4.1 and 4.2.
  • conveying and guiding means are provided in order to extrude the supplied melt streams in each case through a multiplicity of nozzle openings in a rectangular nozzle plate attached to the underside of the spinneret means. Extrusion of core-sheath fibers is well known in the art, so detailed description and design of the device parts are omitted here.
  • nozzle openings are used in particular, which exhibit a C-shaped opening cross section.
  • the fiber can be produced with a filling of a gaseous fluid.
  • the gaseous fluid is formed from the gas atmosphere prevailing in the vicinity of the fiber. Since this environment is essentially determined by the ambient air, thus air enters the hollow portion of the core of the fiber.
  • Each of the spinneret means 5.1 to 5.3 associated rectangular nozzle plates 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 produces a plurality of core-sheath fibers that emerge as filament bundles in a fiber bundle and are deducted.
  • the filament bundle 12.1 is extruded through the nozzle plate 6.1, the filament bundle 12.2 etc. through the nozzle plate 6.2.
  • the cooling device 8 has for each filament bundle 12.1 to 12.3 in each case a cooling shaft 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3, through which the filament bundles are led to cool.
  • a blowing wall 10 is formed, which is directly coupled to a pressure chamber 11.
  • the pressure chamber 11 is connected to a cooling air source (not shown here), through which a cooling air is supplied with overpressure in the pressure chamber 11, so that the blowing wall 10 generates a cooling air flow, which is directed substantially transverse to the direction of filament bundles 12.1 to 12.3.
  • a plurality of preparation rollers 13.1 to 13.6 and a plurality of deflection rollers 14.1 to 14.3 are provided, through which the filament bundles 12.1, 12.2 and 12.3 are brought together to form a tow 22.
  • the deduction of the filament bundles 12.1 to 12.3 essentially takes place through the deduction mechanism 15, which has a plurality of draw-off rollers 16, on which the tow is guided.
  • the discharge unit 15 is followed by a conveying means 17, which has a deflection roller 18 and two downstream coiling rollers 19.1 to 19.2. has.
  • the reel rollers 19.1 and 19.2 are driven at the same peripheral speeds, wherein the guided between the reel rollers 19.1 and 19.2 tow is required in a held below the conveyor 17 can 20.
  • the pot 20 is held in a can holder 21, which carries out a movement of the pot, so that the tow 22 can be stored evenly distributed within the pot 20.
  • a can gate 23 is arranged which holds a plurality of cans 20.
  • the Kannengatter is associated with a collective deduction 24, through which the fibers stored in the cans are withdrawn as tow and merged.
  • the tow strands 22 are then fed to a plurality of treatment devices and cut at the end by a cutter 29 into staple fibers of predetermined length.
  • the treatment devices comprise a first drafting system 25.1, a treatment chamber 26, a second drafting system 25.2, a drying device 27 and an attachment device 28.
  • the first drafting system 25.1 is arranged directly next to the collective take-off unit 24.
  • the drafting system 25.1 is followed by the second drafting system 25.2, wherein each of the drafting systems 25.1 and 25.2 has a plurality of drafting rollers.
  • the tow strands 22 are guided with simple looping on the drafting rollers of the drafting systems 25.1 and 25.2.
  • the drafting rollers of the drafting systems 25.1 and 25.2 are driven, the drafting rollers of the drafting systems 25.1 and 25.2 being operated at different peripheral speeds depending on the desired drawing ratio.
  • the drafting rollers of the drafting systems 25.1 and 25.2 can be used as required. claim have a cooled roll shell or a heated roll shell.
  • a treatment channel 26 is formed between the first drafting system 25.1 and the second drafting system 25.2, in which the fiber is conditioned.
  • the fiber is conditioned.
  • the conditioning may include wetting the fiber strands.
  • the drafting system 25.2 is followed by a dryer 27 to reduce the moisture content in the fiber strands to obtain a final fixation of the crimp in the fiber.
  • an adjustment device 28 and the cutter 29 are provided to continuously cut the fiber strands of the core-sheath fiber into staple fibers having a predetermined fiber length.
  • the fiber line shown in FIG. 3 is exemplary in structure and arrangement of the treatment device.
  • 29 can be added between the Kannengattergestell 23 and the cutting device 29 additional treatment facilities.
  • the second drafting followed by a third drafting, between the second and third drafting additional steam treatment would be possible.
  • the drying device 27 could be preceded by a laying device in order to change the guide widths of the tow 22 within the fiber line. In order to produce extreme crimp in the core-sheath fibers, it would also be possible to pre-allocate a crimper to the dryer.
  • the core-clad fiber is blown with a sharp stream of cooling air.
  • a cooling air flow is generated by the blowing wall 10 with a blast air velocity of at least 3 m / s. It has been found that at take-off speeds in the range of 300 to 800 m / min, the blast air velocity in the range of 3 to 8 m / s is set.
  • the sharp blow-off of the fiber strands after extrusion results in uneven cooling of the fiber, so that the directly blown fiber side cools faster than the opposite unbleached side of the fiber.
  • the Mehrmenbeha ⁇ dlung be carried out with a temperature which is well below the glass transition temperature of the polymer component in the cladding of the fiber. This ensures that the molecular structure formed during cooling is not destroyed.
  • the sheath structure of the fiber for the formation of self-crimping is decisive.
  • the multi-step treatment was carried out at a maximum temperature stress of the fibers of ⁇ 70 ° C.
  • the glass transition temperature T g of the Polyethylentereftaltes is 75 0 C so that the during the cooling is trained molecular structure of the multi-stage treatment was obtained.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a fiber cross-section of a core-sheath fiber.
  • the fiber cross section of the core-sheath fiber 30 has a symmetrical arrangement between a core 31 and a sheath 32.
  • the core 31 thus becomes gleichf ö RMIG through the jacket 32 with an annular surface coated.
  • a cooling air flow is applied to a front fiber side 38.
  • the cooling air flow is at a blast air velocity in the range of 3 to 8 m / sec. blown toward the core-sheath fiber 30.
  • the air temperature of the cooling air is in the range of 5 ° C to 30 ° C, preferably a temperature of below 18 0 C is set.
  • the air temperature of the cooling air is in the range of 5 ° C to 30 ° C, preferably a temperature of below 18 0 C is set.
  • Li Fig. 5 is an embodiment of such a core-sheath fiber shown.
  • the core-sheath fiber 30 has a hollow core 33, which is surrounded symmetrically by a jacket 32. Due to the hollow portion within the hollow core 33, no substantial heat conduction takes place within the fiber cross-section during the cooling of the fiber, so that the cooling across the fiber cross-section takes place both faster and with greater differences between the front fiber side 38 and the rear fiber side 39.
  • the core-sheath fiber with hollow portion is particularly suitable to voluminous and To form bulky core-shell staple fibers.
  • the core-shell structure with a hollow portion in the fiber results in a fiber having a relatively low specific gravity to produce large volume nonwoven fabrics.
  • This effect can be further improved by selecting a polymer component for the core of the fiber which has a lower material density in relation to the cladding.
  • the shell component is formed from a low-melting polymer, considerable differences in density can be achieved.
  • differences in the range of a factor of 1 to 1.5 are realizable, that is, the polymer component of the shell has a density that is greater by a factor of 1 to 1.5 than the density of the core component.
  • the enclosed in the cavity of the core-sheath fiber gaseous fluid also causes an increase in the elastic property of the fiber, which is particularly noticeable in the elastic re-expansion of the fiber.
  • elastic back strains were measured on such a fiber, which were in the range of 60%.
  • the dimensional stability of the fiber is further supported by the fact that during the further processing by the thermal consolidation process In essence, only the sheath component of the fiber is used to connect the fibers.
  • a polymer is selected for the sheath component which has a low melting point or lower melt index values (MFI) in relation to the core polymer.
  • MFI melt index values
  • the enclosed in the hollow portion of the fiber gaseous fluid, which is particularly formed by an air, also provides during the cooling of the fiber is an advantageous insulation between the unevenly treated fiber sides of the fiber.
  • the effect of self-crimping is enhanced.
  • the self-crimping of such fibers has a degree of crimp ranging from 7 to 10 sheets per fiber length of 1 inch.
  • the polymer component A in the core of the fiber is preferably formed by a polyolefin and the polymer component B in the sheath of the staple fiber by a polyester.
  • modifications of such polymers can also be used.
  • the core-sheath staple fiber according to the invention is particularly well suited to form very voluminous nonwovens, which are used, for example, as filling material for upholstered furniture, pillows or blankets.
  • applications as multi-layer nonwovens are also possible where especially mixing effects, as they occur for example during needling or Wasserstrahlvernadeln completely avoid.
  • nonwoven products can be produced in a multilayer arrangement without substantial mixing of the layers.
  • the staple fiber according to the invention is preferably processed into a kad striv pile, wherein the subsequent thermal consolidation is feasible in a simple manner. Due to the comparatively low melting point of the outer material of the core-sheath staple fiber, the pile can already be heated by fabrication by flowing through a heated air. It is also possible to generate the heating of the pile by radiant heating elements. However, it is particularly advantageous to treat the pile by ultrasonic consolidation, so that the fibers are merely heated up by friction at their points of intersection with other fibers, so that a fusion occurs.
  • the core-sheath structure of the fiber produces dimensional stability in the nonwoven fabrics produced since the energy required to melt the fibers is low and thus the core of the fiber remains substantially unaffected.
  • the elastic properties as well as the self-crimping of the fiber lead to high-voluminous nonwovens with high porosity and very good recovery properties, which remains essentially unchanged even with repeated mechanical loading.
  • the staple fiber is particularly suitable for producing a three-dimensional fiber structure in the web.
  • nonwovens are preferably formed as a thermal insulation material or sound insulation material.
  • they are also preferably suitable as upholstery material, for example, for an interior trim in the automotive sector.
  • the temperature stability of the fiber is advantageously noticeable.
  • the inventive method is described with reference to an exemplary embodiment of a device in which the fibers are guided discontinuously from melt spinning to cutting. In principle, it is also possible to produce such a core-sheath fiber in a continuous process flow. Here, the fiber strands are drawn immediately after the extrusion and peeling directly into the fiber line.
  • the inventive method thus extends to all known for the production of staple fibers devices, in particular the settings of the cooling and the multi-stage treatment is designed according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the spinneret means 5.1 has a ring spinneret plate 36 on its underside.
  • the ring spinneret plate 36 leads to the extrusion of the core-sheath fiber into a filament veil 35.
  • a blow candle 37 is arranged inside the filament veil 35, which produces a uniform flow of cooling air on its jacket.
  • the cooling air flow thus passes from the inside to the outside through the filament curtain 35, so that the fiber strands are blown on one side.
  • the connection of the blow candle 37 to a cooling air source can in this case be formed both from above through the spinning nozzle means 5.1 or alternatively below the spinning device.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de fibres courtes ayant une structure noyau-gaine avec une frisure tridimensionnelle, ainsi qu'une fibre courte ayant une structure noyau-gaine ainsi obtenue. La fibre est extrudée sous forme d'une structure symétrique noyau-gaine à partir de deux masses fondues de polymères différentes, un composant polymérique A constituant le noyau et un composant polymérique B constituant la gaine. Afin d'obtenir dans la fibre une frisure tridimensionnelle la plus intensive possible, le refroidissement de la fibre est effectué à l'aide d'un flux d'air de refroidissement précis avec une vitesse de déplacement de l'air d'au moins 3 m/sec, le traitement multi-étape de l'ensemble de fibres, réalisé après l'assemblage des fibres en un câble, étant effectué à une température de contrainte maximale située sous la température de transition vitreuse du composant polymérique B constituant la gaine de la fibre. Il est ainsi possible d'obtenir un degré plus important de frisure tridimensionnelle après le traitement multi-étape et avant le découpage de la fibre.
EP06806673A 2005-11-07 2006-11-03 Procede de fabrication de fibres courtes ayant une structure noyau-gaine avec une frisure tridimensionnelle et fibre courte ayant une structure noyau-gaine ainsi obtenue Withdrawn EP1954859A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510052857 DE102005052857A1 (de) 2005-11-07 2005-11-07 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kern-Mantel-Stapelfasern mit einer dreidimensionalen Kräuselung sowie eine derartige Kern-Mantel-Stapelfaser
PCT/EP2006/010564 WO2007051633A1 (fr) 2005-11-07 2006-11-03 Procede de fabrication de fibres courtes ayant une structure noyau-gaine avec une frisure tridimensionnelle et fibre courte ayant une structure noyau-gaine ainsi obtenue

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CN102296372A (zh) * 2011-08-19 2011-12-28 苏州龙杰特种纤维股份有限公司 用于纺制粗旦纤维的吹风冷却方法及其装置
JP5220220B1 (ja) * 2012-08-30 2013-06-26 有限会社佐藤化成工業所 ポリエステル繊維のスライバーの製造方法及び綿棒の製造方法
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WO2007051633A1 (fr) 2007-05-10
DE102005052857A1 (de) 2007-05-10
CN101305118A (zh) 2008-11-12
JP2009515061A (ja) 2009-04-09

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