Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
  • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
  • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
  • B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
  • B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/40—Static mixers
  • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
  • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
  • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/40—Static mixers
  • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
  • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
  • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
  • B01F25/4338—Mixers with a succession of converging-diverging cross-sections, i.e. undulating cross-section
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
  • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
  • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
  • B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
  • B01F23/2376—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media characterised by the gas being introduced
  • B01F23/23761—Aerating, i.e. introducing oxygen containing gas in liquids
  • B01F23/237613—Ozone

Definitions

• the invention relates to a vortex chamber for generating turbulence in a flowing medium, with a strictlysöffiiung, a Austrittsöffhung and at least two constrictions in its cross-section, wherein in the region of the constrictions, the inner profile of the vortex chamber in section parallel to its longitudinal axis has the shape of wave crests ,
• the invention further relates to a device for enrichment of a liquid medium with a gaseous medium, in particular for supplying oxygen in the water treatment, comprising an injector for the gas supply, a vortex chamber upstream of the injector with at least one constriction in its cross section and a vortex chamber downstream of the injector with at least one constriction in its cross section, wherein in the region of the constriction, the inner profile of the downstream vortex chamber has the shape of a wave crest parallel to its longitudinal axis in section
• Such devices are preferably used in wastewater technology for the purification of water and drinking water treatment.
• ozone is supplied to the water via an injector, which is intended to oxidize with pollutants, solid constituents, suspended particles, etc. contained in the water.
• an injector which is intended to oxidize with pollutants, solid constituents, suspended particles, etc. contained in the water.
• such a device is generally suitable for adding a gas to a liquid to thereby effect a desired reaction in the liquid medium.
• DE 43 14 507 C1 discloses an injector or mixer for flotation devices, such as fiber suspensions, consisting of two injector plates facing each other. These have repeated elevations in the flow direction, which cause constrictions of the flow cross-section.
• the bumps towards the outlet end are getting smaller, while the distance between adjacent bumps is correspondingly larger. It has been found that such an arrangement does not provide optimal mixing results and in particular the pressure drop between inlet and outlet remains relatively large.
• DE 34 22 339 A1 discloses a method for mixing of fluids, in which a band-shaped flat jet is expelled from a slot and is combined with a second flat jet.
• mixing tube changes the diameter of the flow cross section through gradual constrictions and extensions at fixed distances in the axial direction. Similar to the injector of the previous publication, the non-optimum mixing and the pressure drop are shown as a disadvantage.
• US 6,673,248 B2 discloses a method for purifying water by eliminating bacteria contained therein by supplying ozone into an injector. Downstream of the injector is a tubular mixing chamber, the cross-section of which is greatly reduced locally by baffles arranged normal to the direction of flow. These baffles are said to cause turbulence, which increase the mixing of the water flowing through the pipe with the ozone. In addition, it is provided to arrange an arcuate obstacle behind the central opening of one of the baffles. A view through the pipe along the pipe axis is denied due to the baffles and obstacles.
• a further disadvantage in the prior art including the invention disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,673,248 B2, is that the baffles lying in the flow cross-section greatly reduce the flow velocity and that an enormous overpressure is present at the inlet of the reactor. Direction is necessary to obtain a reasonably efficient flow at the outlet of the mixing chamber. At an inlet-side pressure of about 5 bar is usually expected with an outlet-side pressure of 1-1.5 bar, which represents a huge pressure drop.
• these objectives are achieved with a swirl chamber of the type mentioned above in that, in the direction of the outlet opening, the inclinations to the longitudinal axis in the inflection points on the flanks of at least two wave crests facing the inlet opening become larger.
• the negative pressure subsequently caused by a nozzle and thus by an increased flow velocity in the injector causes the suction and entrainment of the gaseous medium.
• the ozone reaches the molecules to be oxidized uniformly in the water.
• the profile according to the invention is responsible, can be generated by the in a single vortex chamber different sized and strong vortex.
• the entire inner profile along the longitudinal axis is corrugated, whereby the principle of the invention is extended to the entire vortex chamber.
• the principle of the invention is extended to the entire vortex chamber.
• an optimal, comprehensive vortex formation maintained along the entire vortex chamber can be created.
• the inclinations in its turning points with respect to the longitudinal axis between 25 ° and 55 °.
• At least two wave crests are provided, wherein in the direction of the outlet opening, the inclinations in their inflection points at the flanks of the wave crests facing the outlet opening become smaller relative to the longitudinal axis. As a result, the respective expansion in the direction of the exit is reduced or delayed, whereby already excited vortex of a certain size after the respective wave crests can be maintained longer.
• the cross section in the region of at least one wave crest is less than 40% of the maximum cross section of the vortex chamber. This constriction allows a comprehensive and spatially homogeneous formation of vertebrae in the flowing medium.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically the construction of a device according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows the upstream vortex chamber in section parallel to its longitudinal axis
• FIG. 3 shows the injector region in section parallel to its longitudinal axis
• FIG. 4 shows the vortex chamber downstream of the injector in section parallel to FIG its longitudinal axis.
• FIG. 1 shows the purely schematic structure of a device 1 according to the invention for enriching a liquid with a gaseous medium, comprising a pump 5 which pumps the liquid into a first vortex chamber 2 via a feed line.
• a pump 5 which pumps the liquid into a first vortex chamber 2 via a feed line.
• injector 3 opens a supply line 6 from an ozone generator or an ozone reservoir 7.
• the negative pressure generated in the injector 3 provides for the suction or introduction of the gas into the liquid.
• the second vortex chamber 4 downstream of the injector 3 the best possible mixing of gas and liquid is achieved by generating turbulences.
• the drain line 8 is indicated.
• Fig. 2 shows the injector 3 upstream first vortex chamber 2 in detail.
• the vortex chamber 2 is tubular with an inlet 9 and an outlet 15, preferably with a circular cross-section, but the inner profile of the tube deviates greatly from the cylindrical shape.
• z is the longitudinal axis of the vortex chamber and indicated by the arrow the direction of flow of the medium.
• Essential is a constriction 12 of the inner cross section, which causes extensive turbulence in the liquid flowing through.
• the inner profile defining the respective cross section along the vortex chamber is designed to be wavy.
• the inner profile in the region of the constriction 12 is also similar to a hill and is not dissimilar to a bell curve.
• the illustrated preferred embodiment of the vortex chamber 2 shows a wavy profile consisting of two wave crests 10, 12.
• the respective counterpart in the upper half of the section is symmetrical training a mirrored about the longitudinal axis representation of the wave crest.
• a wave trough 11 is provided with a local maximum in the tube cross section, wherein the cross section at this bulge is preferably smaller than the exit cross section of the vortex chamber, preferably between 55% and 80%, in the illustrated embodiment about 65% of the input cross section ,
• the cross section is preferably less than about 25%, more preferably less than 10% of the input cross section.
• the cross section even accounts for less than 5% of the input cross section, such as about 2.5% in the illustrated embodiment.
• the size of the cross-sectional area also depends on the particular medium, since the Vortex formation is strongly influenced by its viscosity. The information relates to the cross-sectional area and not to the radius or diameter.
• the change in the cross section along the entire vortex chamber is not abrupt, but continuous.
• the course of the surface A to the longitudinal axis z has an inclination of preferably between 35 ° and 55 °, more preferably - as also shown - 45 °.
• Seen in the flow direction before the constriction 12 constriction 10 provides a larger compared to the constriction 12 flow area, preferably a 7 times to 13 times as large. This is preferably less than about 50%, more preferably less than about 30%, of the input cross section, about 25% in the preferred embodiment. Also, the corrugation forming the constriction 10 is flatter, thus with smaller slopes in its inflection points with respect to the longitudinal axis z, so that the distance of the inflection point 10b from the inlet opening 9 is greater than the distance between the inflection points 12a and 12b.
• the slope of the surface A relative to the longitudinal axis z is preferably less than 35 °, preferably approximately 20 °.
• the initial slope in the entrance area is preferably between 35 and 55 °. In the illustrated embodiment, it is about 45 °
• the constriction 12 is located in the region of the center of the vortex chamber 2, while the constriction 10 directly follows the inlet region and thus, viewed from the inlet 9, lies in the first third of the vortex chamber.
• the inner profile of the vortex chamber can be approximately described by a radius of curvature r.sub.10, t.sub.1, t.sub.11, as indicated in FIG.
• the radius of curvature r 10 of the first wave crest 10 and that of the first dome are more than twice the radius of curvature r 1 of the wave crest 12.
• the inner surface A of the vortex chamber 2 ie that curved surface in the 3-dimesional which delimits the inner profile or lines the vortex chamber, has no discontinuities, cracks, kinks and edges and is thus in the mathematical sense a continuously differentiated zierbare function.
• small grooves or nubs may be provided in the profile, for example for inducing the smallest vortex, but this does not change the global profile of the wave profile.
• hl flow direction subsequent to the constriction 12 is followed by a widening region, which merges into a region 14 with a substantially constant cross section of preferably between 35% and 55%, shown about 45% of the input cross section, to the outlet 15 again an extension 14 in cross section he follows.
• the inflowing medium in the entrance area 9 is reduced in its speed by about 7% and accumulated in the area of the first constriction 10.
• the subsequent cross-sectional widening in the area of the bulge 12 dilates the media molecules or the molecular complex and expands interspaces between molecules and molecular complexes.
• the speed of the media flow falls substantially proportional to the cross-sectional enlargement. Due to the change in cross section between the two constrictions 10 and 12, strong swirls are produced. As already mentioned, these cause a loosening of the molecular complex, in particular between solids and solutes. In part, a mechanical separation of substances is also observed.
• the medium thus prepared provides the best prerequisites for an optimal partial pressure in the subsequent injector.
• the speed of the media flow from the inlet 9 to the outlet 15 of the vortex chamber depends on the inlet cross section, the viscosity of the medium, the flow pressure generated on the input side and the required gas quantity (thus also on the negative pressure in the injector).
• Re pLv / ⁇
• the cross section in the input region 16 of the injector 3 is substantially equalized to the outlet cross section of the first vortex chamber 2.
• the medium is conveyed to the nozzle 18 at the predetermined pressure via a preferably conically narrowing channel 17.
• the size of the nozzle 18 depends on the one hand on the pressure or the speed of the liquid and on the other hand on the vacuum to be achieved in the immediate region of the nozzle opening.
• the medium to be supplied with the gas is in each case the basis for the dimensioning of the nozzle cross section.
• the nozzle is preferably movable in the horizontal direction, for example by screwing.
• the cross-section must be optimized, since the exit velocity from the nozzle is decisive for the size of the resulting vacuum.
• a vacuum of about -0.4 to -0.6 bar should be achieved.
• the screw-in depth of the nozzle in relation to the point 19, which is defined as the edge to the gas supply 6, is also responsible for the size of the vacuum.
• an adaptation to the respective medium can take place. Via the gas supply 6, the ozone-air mixture is sucked in and connected in the sequence with the medium. Immediately after, the oxidation begins. Following the nozzle, an enlargement, for example conical, of the injector cross section takes place in region 20, followed by a region 21 of constant cross section.
• the injector outlet is designated 22.
• the vortex chamber 4 shows a preferred embodiment of a second vortex chamber 4 downstream of the injector in the flow direction.
• the vortex chamber 4 is also provided with an inner profile which defines at least one local cross-sectional constriction and has rounded shapes.
• the inner profile of the vortex chamber also shows waviness on average parallel to the tube axis.
• the preferred embodiment comprises in wave-shaped profile three peaks 25, 27, 30 and three troughs 24, 26, 29.
• the longitudinal axis z of the inner profile to the horizontal slightly inclined upward, whereby the mixture easily against the Gravity moves up.
• the inhomogeneities caused by the lowering of particles can be counteracted by this measure, since these are swirled again at the corrugated profile immediately.
• the wave crests become increasingly asymmetrical with respect to their flanks in the direction of flow, i. in other words, the slopes in the two turning points of the wave crest are different.
• the pitch of those turning points 25a, 27a, 30a located on the side of the peaks 25, 27, 30 facing the inlet increases in the direction of flow, while the pitch in the turning points 25b, 27b, 30b of those flanks leading to the outlet am turned, lose weight.
• the former may include an almost vertical angle with the tube axis.
• the cross section is preferably circular, but deviations thereof also fall under the inventive principle, for example elliptical or with rounded in the corner areas polygonal cross-sections.
• inventive principle for example elliptical or with rounded in the corner areas polygonal cross-sections.
• slight deviations from an axisymmetric inner contour of the vortex chamber can occur.
• parallel to the longitudinal axis two wave crests would not lie exactly one above the other, but slightly offset from each other.
• an inner profile according to which the wave crests continue at least in a partial area helically along the vortex chamber.
• the inlet area 23 of the vortex chamber 4 has a smaller cross-section than the outlet 22 of the injector 3. This is followed by a widening in cross section up to a local maximum 24 in the flow cross section followed by a local constriction 25.
• this vortex chamber has three local constrictions 25, 27 and 30, between which three extensions or bulges 24, 26 and 29 with locally seen maximum cross-section.
• the corresponding inflection points in the curvature that is to say where the second derivative of the surface course becomes zero, are respectively designated 25a, 25b, 27a, 27b, and 30a, 30b.
• the cross sections in the constrictions 25, 27 and 30 are approximately the same and are preferably about 20% to 40%, more preferably about 30% of the maximum cross section in one of the bulges.
• the cross sections in the bulges are also about the same size.
• the inlet cross section is preferably about 15% to 30% of the maximum pipe cross section.
• a region 28 is provided with a substantially constant cross-section. From the outlet-side constriction 30 to the outlet 31, the cross-section widens again slightly.
• the inner profile of the vortex chamber tube 4 is also rounded and in mathematical sense, the inner surface A is a continuously differentiable function.
• a weak or flat trained maximum could be provided.
• the feature according to the invention namely that in the direction of the outlet opening 15, 31, the inclinations to the longitudinal axis z in the inflection points 12a, 25a, 27a, 30a at the flanks facing at the strictlysöffhung 9, 23 at least two peaks 10, 12, 25, 27, 30th grow larger, does not exclude such training. It is not necessary that all wave crests fulfill this condition, but at least two, which need not be immediately adjacent - it could e.g. just a weak maximum between them.
• Initial slope in the entrance area is - seen in each case to the pipe axis z - about 35 °.
• Gradients in the inflection point 25a preferably between 25 ° and 45 °, more preferably about 36 °; in the inflection point 25b, preferably between 30 ° and 50 °, particularly preferably about 40 °; at the point of inflection 27a, preferably between 55 ° and 70 °, more preferably about 65 °; at the point of inflection 27b preferably between 10 ° and 20 °, more preferably about 15 °; at the point of inflection 28b, preferably between 15 ° and 35 °, more preferably about 27 °; at the point of inflection 30a, preferably between 80 ° and 90 °, more preferably about 90 °; at the point of inflection 30b, preferably between 5 ° and 20 °, more preferably about 11 °
• the medium in oxidation of the vortex chamber After the short-stretched pre-oxidation in the injector 3 between the region 20 and the outlet 22, which results in a pressure relief of the medium (necessary partial pressure rich), is fed via the adapted outlet cross-section 22, the medium in oxidation of the vortex chamber.
• the vortex chamber has the task to reduce the oxidation distance 2Oi in order to reduce the technical design of the system.
• the gas-laden medium experiences a re-whirling, so that there is another shortened oxidation time frame.
• the medium is accelerated, further vortexed and swirled back again. Shaping over this area provides a 50% increase in gas transfer to the medium over the prior art.
• the walls of the vortex chamber provide a flow promoting oxidation of the media due to the design shown.
• the invention is not limited to the embodiment shown. It has been found that even a single constriction in the respective vortex chamber with the design according to the invention as a wave crest is sufficient to substantially increase the efficiency of such a device with regard to oxygen enrichment. In addition, much smaller input-side pumping power is required. Namely, by the continuous cross-sectional constriction or expansion, the entire medium is hardly hindered in its flow through the vortex chamber, although long-range turbulence of any magnitude can be induced. With the number of constrictions and the special design of the respective inflection points, the efficiency of the device according to the invention can be further optimized, but these represent preferred embodiments.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
• Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

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• 2005
  • 2005-08-24 AT AT0139505A patent/AT502016B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2006
  • 2006-08-23 WO PCT/AT2006/000348 patent/WO2007022555A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2006-08-23 AT AT06774748T patent/ATE424247T1/de active
  • 2006-08-23 DE DE502006003035T patent/DE502006003035D1/de active Active
  • 2006-08-23 EP EP06774748A patent/EP1945337B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2006-08-23 CN CN2006800350189A patent/CN101267877B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-08-23 US US11/990,800 patent/US20090121365A1/en not_active Abandoned

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