EP1945312A1 - Procédé et dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie avec une mousse à air comprimé - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie avec une mousse à air comprimé

Info

Publication number
EP1945312A1
EP1945312A1 EP06761799A EP06761799A EP1945312A1 EP 1945312 A1 EP1945312 A1 EP 1945312A1 EP 06761799 A EP06761799 A EP 06761799A EP 06761799 A EP06761799 A EP 06761799A EP 1945312 A1 EP1945312 A1 EP 1945312A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressed air
nozzle
jet nozzles
full jet
foam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06761799A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dirk Schmitz
Michael Rudzok
Tino KRÜGER
Steven Rodenhuis
Günter DORAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SOGEPI SA
Original Assignee
SOGEPI SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SOGEPI SA filed Critical SOGEPI SA
Publication of EP1945312A1 publication Critical patent/EP1945312A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A62C31/05—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0221—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires for tunnels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A62C31/12—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/62—Pipe-line systems dry, i.e. empty of extinguishing material when not in use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for stationary fire-fighting of flat or spatially formed fire material with compressed air foam, in particular in road traffic tunnels, in which the compressed air foam generated by a foam generator is conveyed to the relevant extinguishing area via a compressed air foam main pipeline and there via a distributor. Pipe network is distributed distributed.
  • Foam extinguishing processes are known in which the extinguishing foam required for fighting the fire is carried out directly at the source of the fire with the foam nozzles required for dispensing the extinguishing agent.
  • a water-foaming agent mixture is foamed in or on the foam generating nozzle with the ambient air.
  • the foam When firefighting in road traffic tunnels and other tunnel-like structures or in general for extinguishing burning fuels, oils, tires, cables, plastic material and the like, which produce a high proportion of smoke and soot particles, the foam is prepared on or in the foam nozzle Difficulties when the hot combustion gases as well as the smoke and soot particles interfere with the function of the foam nozzles and optimal foam formation. In addition, the foam produced in this way emerges from the foam nozzles only at low pressure. The spread occurs mainly due to gravity. Wildfires and fires of structured goods can therefore not be effectively combated with conventional foam generation systems.
  • the use of decentrally generated compressed air foam has already been proposed for fire fighting in road traffic tunnels.
  • a stable compressed air foam via compressed air foam pipes under pressure to the extinguishing area in question one on the ceiling of the
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a method and a corresponding arrangement for stationary fire fighting with compressed air foam in such a way that both wildfires and fires of spatial and structural fired firing material effectively and can be deleted in a short time.
  • the basic idea of the invention is that by means of specially designed, stationary, full jet nozzles arranged above the material to be fired, mutually obliquely directed, cross-shaped overlapping compressed air full jets are formed in two rows formed by nozzle pipes, which are also formed between the rows or nozzle pipes by a Spread the full jet nozzles in opposite directions between the rows.
  • the full jet nozzles are directed obliquely to the horizontal plane at both angles in relation to a vertical line emanating from the rows of nozzles, so that the compressed air foam full jets at regularly distributed full jet impact points at different high horizontal levels , but also on vertical side and end faces, can hit the firing material and penetrate into spatially structured firing material. Firefighting in successive extinguishing areas is carried out at extinguishing intervals by first briefly exposing the compressed air foam foam to the central extinguishing area and then successively the adjacent extinguishing areas with high extinguishing agent intensity.
  • the full jet nozzles are designed as multi-channel nozzles, in particular as two-channel or three-channel full jet nozzles, which consist of two or three at different angles
  • Single full jet nozzles are assembled on opposite sides, directed in opposite directions with respect to the longitudinal axis of their connecting piece to be connected to the nozzle pipe.
  • the multi-channel nozzles are mutually opposite to the nozzle tube in order to cause the cross-shaped overlap of the compressed air foam full jets.
  • the mutually opposite alignment of the multi-channel full jet nozzles between adjacent nozzle pipes achieves the opposite foam spread.
  • the single full jet nozzles comprise a conical inlet part and a cylindrical jet shaping part in order to form the compressed air foam full jets.
  • FIG. 1 shows an installation diagram of a pipe network arranged on a tunnel ceiling for the discharge of compressed air foam by means of VoI1 jet nozzles;
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a nozzle tube with connecting sleeves for full jet nozzles directed perpendicular to the roadway;
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a nozzle tube with connection sleeves arranged asymmetrically at an angle
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a nozzle tube with connection sleeves arranged symmetrically at an angle; 5 shows an asymmetrical three-channel full jet nozzle with a schematic representation of the three different angular positions of the individual nozzles;
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective illustration of a three-channel full jet nozzle according to FIG. 5 composed of individual nozzles
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic illustration of a one-piece asymmetrical two-channel full jet nozzle (asymmetrical Y full jet nozzle), together with a representation of the angular positions of the individual nozzles;
  • FIG. 8 is a partial view of an extinguishing area with asymmetrical two-channel full jet nozzles according to FIG. 7 and opposing compressed air foam full jets, which are respectively attached at an angle of 45 ° to the nozzle tubes;
  • FIG. 9 shows a partial view of a nozzle tube with asymmetrical three-channel full jet nozzles according to FIG. 5 attached to it alternately at an angle of 45 °; FIG. and
  • FIG. 10 shows a distribution diagram of the compressed air foam full jets in an extinguishing area with four nozzle pipes which are equipped with asymmetrical three-channel full jet nozzles
  • the installation diagram shown in FIG. 1 comprises a compressed air foam main pipeline 1, via which compressed air foam from a decentrally arranged compressed air foam generation system (not shown) to - in the respective extinguishing area n - provided - redundant - extinguishing area valves 2 and from these via a symmetrical one out- guided distributor pipe network 3 into the nozzle pipes 4, which are arranged symmetrically in the extinguishing area n and are installed on the tunnel ceiling or above the carriageway and transversely to their longitudinal direction.
  • the number of nozzle tubes corresponds to the power of the number “two”.
  • Compressed air foam jet nozzles 5 which are arranged as one or two, are fixedly arranged at regular intervals and in a specific angular position in the nozzle tubes 4 - or more jet nozzles can be designed so that uniform surface foaming takes place in different horizontal levels, for example roof areas of trucks, vans and cars or the roadway, as well as in vertical levels, such as side and end faces of trucks .
  • the pipelines are dimensioned so that the foam flow is in the "bubble" regime for two-phase flows and a certain critical flow rate that would destroy the foam bubbles is not exceeded.
  • connecting sleeves 6 are provided on the nozzle pipes 4 in different angular positions. While on the nozzle tube 4 according to
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show nozzle pipes 4 with connecting sleeves 6 oriented asymmetrically or symmetrically. According to the angular position (.alpha., .Beta.) Of the connecting sleeves 6, the compressed air foam with the the connecting sleeves of connected full jet nozzles are placed in different tunnel levels or surface areas or thrown onto vertical surfaces.
  • the multi-part asymmetrical three-channel full jet nozzle 7 (tri full jet nozzle) shown schematically and in perspective in FIGS.
  • the nozzle body comprises three single full jet nozzles set at different angles ⁇ , ⁇ and Y to the roadway in the extinguishing area n of the road tunnel 8 and a connecting piece 9 which is screwed into the connecting sleeve 6 of the nozzle tube 4.
  • FIG. 7 shows an asymmetrical two-channel full jet nozzle 10, which is designed in one piece as a cast or welded body and consists of two individual full jet nozzles 8 arranged one behind the other and at different angles ⁇ , ⁇ from the vertical and a connecting piece 9.
  • the two-channel full jet nozzle can also be designed with single full jet nozzles 8 arranged in a symmetrical angular position as a symmetrical two-channel full jet nozzle (symmetrical Y full jet nozzle).
  • the bevel of the full jet can be made via an angled connection sleeve.
  • the asymmetrical three-channel full jet nozzle 7 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 can also be designed as a one-piece — cast or welded — nozzle body.
  • the individual nozzles 8 with connecting thread 11, which can be seen in particular in FIGS. 5 and 6, can also be screwed individually into the connecting sleeve 6 and thus function as a single full jet nozzle 8.
  • Each individual full jet nozzle 8 consists of a conical inlet part 12 and an elongated jet shaping cylinder 13 adjoining its tapered side for forming and guiding the compressed air foam full jet.
  • the jet shaping cylinder 13 is in the
  • Diameter so that the dynamic flow pressure at the nozzle is 1.0 to 1.5 bar and with each individual full jet nozzle 8 arranged at a height of 5 m and at an angle of 45 °, a throw of 8 m and when the full jet hits a horizontal surface, a foam carpet into one Size between 3 and 5 m 2 is formed.
  • the single full jet nozzles 8 of the two-channel and three-channel full jet nozzles 7, 10 are in a different slope ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ : FIGS. 5, 7)), which are arranged at an angle (FIGS. 2 to 4) on the nozzle pipes 4
  • Connection sleeves 6 can be varied even further, so that each individual full jet nozzle 8 can be used to cover a different horizontal surface area of the carriageway or vehicle roofs located at different heights with compressed air foam. Due to the oblique arrangement of the individual full jet nozzles 8, vertical side surfaces of the burning material are also pressurized with compressed air foam, and not only those that are essentially parallel to the nozzle pipes 4 or perpendicular to the
  • the individual full jet nozzles 8 are thus not only oriented obliquely to the road surface, but also obliquely in the direction of the tunnel side walls, so that not only the end faces but also the side faces of the fuel are detected.
  • the oblique orientation of the individual full jet nozzles 8 and the resulting impact of the Compressed air foam full blasting also on essentially vertical side surfaces of a spatially structured firing material also has the advantage that the compressed air foam can penetrate into the interior of a structurally designed firing material and thus highly effective fire fighting is ensured.
  • FIG. 8 shows a section of the extinguishing area n shown in FIG. 1 with nozzle tubes 4, to which asymmetrical two-channel full jet nozzles 10 are connected, alternately in one direction and in the other, at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the respective nozzle tube are.
  • two two-channel full jet nozzles 10 arranged adjacent to one another on the same nozzle tube 4 are arranged at an angle of 90 ° to one another with respect to the longitudinal axis, so that the ejection direction of adjacent two-channel full jet nozzles 10 crosses over each other and due to the oblique position differing at angle ⁇ , ⁇ (Asymmetry) of the individual full jet nozzles 8 caused different discharge sizes s g and S ⁇ to alternate between the one and the other side.
  • the center of the respective compressed air foam surface, that is, the full jet impact point is designated z ⁇ and Z 2 .
  • the three-channel full jet nozzles lying at the same height on the adjacent nozzle tube are also arranged rotated in the opposite direction by 180 ° (not shown).
  • the angle of attack ⁇ , ß, Y of the individual full jet nozzles 8 to the vertical depends on the distance between the nozzle pipes 4, that is, the required throwing distance sk, sg, sm and also determines the penetration into structured combustion material.
  • 10 shows, using the example of a road traffic tunnel, a foaming scheme for an extinguishing area n with four nozzle pipes 4 and three-channel full jet nozzles 7 attached to them according to the description of FIG. 4
  • the density of the compressed air foam full jets and the uniform distribution of the compressed air foam in the extinguishing area is determined by the number of nozzle tubes 4 and compressed air foam full jet nozzles, here the three-channel full jet nozzles 7, per unit area.
  • the maximum number of nozzles also results from the available total volume flow of the foam generators.
  • the diagram shows the uniform distribution of the full jet impact points over the entire extinguishing area and the cross-shaped coverage of the full foam jets.
  • the deletion process is carried out in the central deletion area n and the two adjacent deletion areas n + 1 and n + 2 as well as n-1 and n-2 at intervals relating to the individual deletion areas, by first the central deletion area, then the two adjacent deletion areas and then the outer extinguishing areas are briefly applied, but with a compressed air foam quantity that is far above the normal application rate. This means that compressed air foam bursts with very high foam intensity are generated in succession in each extinguishing area.
  • This deletion cycle is repeated several times, the total cycle time and thus the duration of the individual cycles in the respective deletion areas gradually increasing and in the end being twice as high as at the beginning of the deletion process.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de lutte stationnaire contre l'inflammation de produits inflammables en 2 ou 3 dimensions avec une mousse à air comprimé, en particulier dans les tunnels routiers, grâce auquel la mousse à air comprimé produite par un générateur de mousse est amenée via une conduite principale de mousse à air comprimé vers le lieu d’extinction concerné et y est épandue en jets répartis par une tuyauterie de répartition.
EP06761799A 2005-11-07 2006-07-10 Procédé et dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie avec une mousse à air comprimé Withdrawn EP1945312A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005053320A DE102005053320A1 (de) 2005-11-07 2005-11-07 Verfahren und Anordnung zur Brandbekämpfung mit Druckluftschaum
PCT/DE2006/001216 WO2007051437A1 (fr) 2005-11-07 2006-07-10 Procédé et dispositif de lutte contre l’incendie avec une mousse à air comprimé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1945312A1 true EP1945312A1 (fr) 2008-07-23

Family

ID=37101841

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06761799A Withdrawn EP1945312A1 (fr) 2005-11-07 2006-07-10 Procédé et dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie avec une mousse à air comprimé

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20090114405A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1945312A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009514574A (fr)
KR (1) KR20080018950A (fr)
CN (1) CN101115532A (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0618422A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2596608A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005053320A1 (fr)
TW (1) TWI298638B (fr)
WO (1) WO2007051437A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2927259A1 (fr) * 2008-02-11 2009-08-14 Georges Broulis Lutte contre les incendies forets et habitations
DK2845627T3 (en) 2010-10-19 2018-01-15 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Fixed systems and methods for extinguishing fires in industrial tanks with and without fixed roofs, including nozzles for spraying aerosol foam and centrally directed nozzles
CN104740818B (zh) * 2015-04-17 2018-03-20 公安部天津消防研究所 一种压缩空气泡沫智能炮自动灭火方法及系统
CN110279961A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-09-27 合肥巨澜安全技术有限责任公司 一种基于压缩空气泡沫技术的变电站灭火系统
RU2751296C1 (ru) * 2020-12-21 2021-07-13 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью НПО «Современные пожарные технологии» Насадок для автомеханической пожарной лестницы с поворачивающимися генераторами пены средней кратности
RU203044U1 (ru) * 2020-12-21 2021-03-19 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью НПО «Современные пожарные технологии» Насадок с генераторами пены для автомеханической пожарной лестницы
CN115228011A (zh) * 2022-07-26 2022-10-25 中国科学技术大学 一种基于压缩空气泡沫技术的受限空间油类火灾灭火系统

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TWI298638B (en) 2008-07-11
BRPI0618422A2 (pt) 2016-08-30
CN101115532A (zh) 2008-01-30
DE102005053320A1 (de) 2007-05-24
WO2007051437A1 (fr) 2007-05-10
US20090114405A1 (en) 2009-05-07
KR20080018950A (ko) 2008-02-28
JP2009514574A (ja) 2009-04-09
TW200730213A (en) 2007-08-16
CA2596608A1 (fr) 2007-05-10

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