EP1937613A1 - Procede pour produire des composes de 2-arylcarbonyle, 2-arylesters et 2-arylnitriles et leurs analogues heteroaromatiques - Google Patents

Procede pour produire des composes de 2-arylcarbonyle, 2-arylesters et 2-arylnitriles et leurs analogues heteroaromatiques

Info

Publication number
EP1937613A1
EP1937613A1 EP06805693A EP06805693A EP1937613A1 EP 1937613 A1 EP1937613 A1 EP 1937613A1 EP 06805693 A EP06805693 A EP 06805693A EP 06805693 A EP06805693 A EP 06805693A EP 1937613 A1 EP1937613 A1 EP 1937613A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
alkyl
optionally substituted
substituted
heteroaryl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06805693A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Meudt
Sven Nerdinger
Bernd Lehnemann
Till Vogel
Victor Snieckus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Euticals GmbH
Original Assignee
Archimica GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Archimica GmbH filed Critical Archimica GmbH
Publication of EP1937613A1 publication Critical patent/EP1937613A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
    • C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B37/00—Reactions without formation or introduction of functional groups containing hetero atoms, involving either the formation of a carbon-to-carbon bond between two carbon atoms not directly linked already or the disconnection of two directly linked carbon atoms
    • C07B37/04—Substitution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
    • C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
    • C07C67/333—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C67/343—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
    • C07F9/5022—Aromatic phosphines (P-C aromatic linkage)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
    • C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
    • C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated

Definitions

  • aryl- or heteroaryl-substituted carbonyl compounds and nitriles are a common structural motif in natural products, physiologically active compounds and chemical precursors.
  • their importance in modern organic synthesis is limited by limitations in the accessibility of these classes of compounds, especially if additional functionalities are included in the target structure.
  • the present process overcomes all of these problems and relates to a process for preparing 2-aryl or heteroarylcarbonyl (III) compounds by cross-coupling enolizable carbonyl compounds, nitriles and their analogs (II) with substituted aryl or heteroaryl compounds (I) , in the presence of a Bronsted base and a catalyst or precatalyst containing a.) a transition metal, a complex, salt or a compound of this transition metal from the group ⁇ V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt ⁇ , and b.) At least one sulfonated phosphine ligand in a solvent or solvent mixture according to Scheme 1,
  • the process according to the invention is characterized by the following advantages:
  • the catalyst activities achieved by the process according to the invention are very high, since the ligand is present in the reaction mixture as an anion and thus has particular electronic effects.
  • a fine-tuning of the electronic properties of the ligands according to the invention is possible by the possibility of different counterions (metal cations, substituted ammonium salts, etc.).
  • doubly deprotonatable ligands such as.
  • sulfonated 2-hydroxy-2 ' - dialkylphosphinobiphenylen can be tailored very targeted to the particular requirements of a particular reaction here.
  • reaction can also be carried out in protic solvents, e.g. Substituted alcohols are carried out, often with a positive influence on the selectivity / reactivity.
  • Hal is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, alkoxy or a sulfonate leaving group such as trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate), nonafluorotrimethylmethanesulfonate (nonaflate), methanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, para-toluenesulfonate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, 3 Nitrobenzenesulfonate, 4-nitrobenzenesulfonate, 4-chlorobenzenesulfonate, 2, 4, 6-triisopropylbenzenesulfonate.
  • triflate trifluoromethanesulfonate
  • nonafluorotrimethylmethanesulfonate nonaflate
  • methanesulfonate benzenesulfonate
  • para-toluenesulfonate 2-naphthalenesulfonate
  • Xi_ 5 independently represent carbon or nitrogen, or in each case two adjacent via a formal double bond connected to X, R
  • Preferred compounds of the formula (I) which can be reacted by the process according to the invention are e.g. Benzenes, pyridines, pyrimidines, pyrazines, pyridazines, furans, thiophenes, pyrroles, any N-substituted pyrroles or naphthalenes, quinolines, indoles, benzofurans, etc.
  • the radicals Ri -5 are substituents from the group ⁇ hydrogen, methyl, primary, secondary or tertiary, cyclic or acyclic alkyl radicals having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, at optionally one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by fluorine or chlorine or bromine, eg CF 3 , substituted cyclic or acyclic alkyl groups, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino, alkylarylamino, pentafluorosulfuranyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, thio, alkylthio, arylthio, diarylphosphino, dialkylphosphino, alkylarylphosphino, optionally substituted aminocarbonyl, CO 2 " , alkyl- or aryloxycarbonyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, fluorine
  • Z is O, S, NR '"(protected imine), NOR" 1 (protected oxime), NNR 111 R “" (double protected hydrazone) or Z together with Y is N (nitrile) (Equation 1b).
  • R ', R “, R” 1 and R “” are each independently identical or different radicals from the group of ⁇ hydrogen, methyl, linear, branched C1-C20 alkyl or cyclic, optionally substituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl or a non-reactive functional group, eg, carbonyl, carboxyl, N-substituted imine, or nitrile, or two or more substituents R 'form a ring together or with an adjacent substituent.
  • Y can be a radical from the group ⁇ hydrogen, methyl, linear, branched C 1 -C 20 -alkyl or cyclic, optionally substituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl, optionally substituted alkoxy, aryloxy, heteraryloxy, optionally substituted alkylthio, arylthio, Heteroarylthio, optionally substituted dialkylamino, di (hetero) arylamino,
  • Alkyl (hetero) arylamino ⁇ and can form a ring with R ', R ", R 1 " or R "".
  • Typical examples of the compound (II) are thus enolizable ketones, aldehydes, N-substituted imines, thioketones, carboxylic acid esters, thiocarboxylic acid esters and nitriles.
  • a transition metal preferably on a support such as. As palladium on carbon, or a salt, a complex or a organometallic compound of this metal used.
  • the transition metal is preferably selected from the following group ⁇ V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni 1 Cu, Rh 1 Pd, Ir, Pt ⁇ , preferably palladium or nickel, with a sulfonated ligand.
  • the catalyst can be added in finished form or form in situ, e.g. from a precatalyst by reduction or hydrolysis or from a metal salt and added ligand by complex formation.
  • the catalyst is used in combination with one or more, but at least one, sulfonated phosphorus ligand.
  • the metal can be used in any oxidation state. According to the invention, it is used in amounts of from 0.0001 mol% to 100 mol%, preferably between 0.01 and 10 mol%, particularly preferably between 0.01 and 1 mol%, in relation to the reactant (I).
  • Sulfonated phosphine ligands are used according to the invention, which are characterized in that preferably at least one sulfonic acid group or a salt of a sulfonic acid group is contained in the molecule.
  • radicals R 2- io correspond in their meaning to the radicals R 1-5 , where at least one of the radicals contains a sulfonic acid or sulfonate group.
  • R a and R b independently of one another denote identical or different radicals from the group ⁇ hydrogen, methyl, linear, branched or cyclic C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, optionally substituted, phenyl, optionally substituted ⁇ or together form a ring and represent a bridging structural element from the group ⁇ optionally substituted alkylene, branched alkylene, cyclic alkylene ⁇ or independently of one another for one or two polycyclic radicals, such as norbornyl or adamantyl.
  • Y' is a radical from the group ⁇ halide, Pseudohaloge ⁇ id, alkyl carboxylate, trifluoroacetate, nitrate, nitrite ⁇ and R c and R d independently of one another are identical or different substituents from the group ⁇ hydrogen, methyl, primary, secondary or tertiary optionally substituted C 1 -C 20 -alkyl or aryl ⁇ or together form a ring and from the group ⁇ optionally substituted alkylene, Oxaalkylene, thiaalkylene, azaalkylene ⁇ , and at least one sulfonic acid group or sulfonate salt is contained in the secondary phosphine.
  • Suitable catalysts or precatalysts for the process according to the invention are, for example, complexes of palladium or nickel with sulfonated biarylphosphines, some of which are very simple and economically accessible (for example, (VII) and (VIII), for the preparation see EP-A-0795559) or as a representative of the third type described, the commercially available sulfonated triphenyl phosphines (formulas ((IX ac) TPPTS, TPPDS and TPPMS.
  • Br ⁇ nsted bases are well suited for.
  • bases As hydroxides, alcoholates and fluorides of alkali and alkaline earth metals, carbonates, bicarbonates, phosphates, amides and silazides of the alkali metals and their mixtures.
  • Particularly suitable are the bases of the group ⁇ potassium tert-butoxide, sodium tert-butoxide, cesium tert-butylate, lithium tert-butoxide and the corresponding isopropylates, potassium hexamethyldisilazide, Natriumhexamethyldisilazid, Lithiumhexam methyldisilazid ⁇ .
  • the amount of base which corresponds to the amount of substance to be coupled compound, usually 1, 0 to 6 equivalents, preferably 1, 2 to 3 equivalents of base based on the compound (II) used.
  • the reaction is carried out in a suitable solvent or a single- or multiphase solvent mixture which has a sufficient dissolving power for all participating reactants, wherein heterogeneous implementations are also possible (eg use of almost insoluble bases).
  • the reaction is carried out in polar, aprotic or protic solvents.
  • Well suited are dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), open-chain and cyclic ethers and diethers, oligo- and polyethers and substituted mono- or polyhydric alcohols and optionally substituted aromatics.
  • Particular preference is given to one or mixtures of a plurality of solvents from the group ⁇ dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), diglyme, substituted glymes, 1, 4-dioxane, isopropanol, tert-butanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol, toluene, xylene ⁇ used.
  • DMF dimethylformamide
  • DMAc dimethylacetamide
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • diglyme substituted glymes, 1, 4-dioxane, isopropanol, tert-butanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol, toluene, xylene ⁇ used.
  • the reaction can be carried out at temperatures ranging from room temperature to the boiling point of the solvent used at the pressure used. To achieve a faster reaction, the implementation at elevated temperatures in the range of 0 to 240 0 C is preferred. Particularly preferred is the temperature range of 10 to 200 0 C, in particular from 20 to 150 0 C.
  • the concentration of reactants (I) and (II) can be varied within wide limits.
  • the reaction is carried out in the highest possible concentration, wherein the solubilities of the reactants and reagents must be observed in the particular reaction medium.
  • the reaction is carried out in the range of 0.05 to 5 mol / l based on the reactant present in the deficit (depending on the relative prices of the reactants).
  • the carbonyl derivative or analogue of the formula (II) and aromatic or heteroaromatic reaction partner (I) can be employed in molar ratios of from 10: 1 to 1:10, ratios of from 3: 1 to 1: 3 are preferred, and ratios are particularly preferred from 1.2: 1 to 1: 1.2.
  • all materials are initially charged and the mixture is heated with stirring to the reaction temperature.
  • the compound (II) and optionally other reactants e.g. Base and catalyst or pre-catalyst dosed during the reaction to the reaction mixture.
  • the workup is usually carried out with a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons / water with removal of the aqueous phase, which absorbs the inorganic constituents and ligand and transition metal, wherein the product remains in the organic phase, if not present acidic functional groups lead to a different phase behavior. If necessary, you can ionic liquids are used to separate the polar constituents.
  • the product is preferably isolated by precipitation or distillation from the organic phase, for example by concentration or by addition of precipitants. In most cases, an additional purification or subsequent separation of transition metal or ligand z. B. by recrystallization or chromatography unnecessary.
  • the isolated yields are for ketones and their derivatives usually in the range of 60 to 100%, preferably in the range> 70% to 90%, for malonates and their derivatives usually in the range of 50-80%, preferably> 60% to 80%.
  • the selectivities are very high according to the invention, it is usually possible to find conditions under which, with the exception of very small amounts of dehalogenation product, no further by-products can be detected.
  • the inventive method opens up a very economical method, especially in the workup and separation of catalyst / ligand to 2-position arylated or heteroarylated carbonyl compounds, their derivatives and analogues and nitriles starting from the corresponding carbonyl compounds or their derivatives and nitriles and the corresponding aryl or heteroaryl halides or sulfonates and generally provides the products in very high purities without expensive purification procedures.
  • Example 7 Coupling of 4-chlorobromobenzene with ethyl cyanoacetate to ethyl 4-chlorophenylcyanoacetate
  • Example 12 Coupling of 4-bromobenzotrifluoride with phenylacetonitrile to phenyl (4-trifluoromethyl) -acetonitrile
  • Example 13 Coupling of 4-bromobenzotrifluoride with isobutyronitrile to 2-methyl-2- (4-trifluoromethylphenyl) -propionitrile
  • Example 14 Coupling of N-diphenylmethylenglycine ethyl ester with bromobenzene to 2-N-diphenylmethylene-2-aminophenylacetic acid

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour produire des composés de formule (III) grâce à un couplage en croix de composés carbonyle énolisés, des nitriles ou leurs analogues de formule (II), comprenant des composés hétéroaryle ou aryle de formule (I), en présence d'une base de Bronsted et d'un catalyseur ou d'un précatalyseur contenant a) un métal de transition, un complexe, un sel ou un composé dudit métal de transition provenant du groupe {V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt}, et b) au moins un ligand phosphane sulfoné dans un solvant ou un mélange de solvants correspondant au schéma (1), dans lequel Hal représente fluor, chlore, brome, iode, alcoxy ou un groupe de sulfonate ; X1-5 représentent, indépendamment les uns des autres, carbone, ou azote ou X, R adjacents, reliés par une liaison double formelle représentent O, S, NH ou NR' ; Z représente O, S, NR''', NOR''', NNR'''R''' ou Z forme avec Y un groupe CN. Y peut représenter un résidu du groupe {hydrogène, Méthyle, alkyle C1- C20 ramifié linéaire ou alkyle cyclique éventuellement substitué, aryle ou hétéroaryle substituté ou non substitué, alkoxy, aryloxy, hétéraryloxy éventuellement substitués, alkylthio, arylthio, hétéroarylthio éventuellement substitués, dialkylamino, Di(hétéro)arylamino, Alkyl(hétéro)arylamino éventuellement substitués} et il peut formé un noyau avec R', R', R'' ou R'''.
EP06805693A 2005-09-22 2006-09-12 Procede pour produire des composes de 2-arylcarbonyle, 2-arylesters et 2-arylnitriles et leurs analogues heteroaromatiques Withdrawn EP1937613A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005045132A DE102005045132A1 (de) 2005-09-22 2005-09-22 Verfahren zur Herstellung von 2-Arylcarbonylverbindungen, 2-Arylestern und 2-Arylnitrilen sowie ihrer heteroaromatischen Analoga
PCT/EP2006/008862 WO2007033781A1 (fr) 2005-09-22 2006-09-12 Procede pour produire des composes de 2-arylcarbonyle, 2-arylesters et 2-arylnitriles et leurs analogues heteroaromatiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1937613A1 true EP1937613A1 (fr) 2008-07-02

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EP06805693A Withdrawn EP1937613A1 (fr) 2005-09-22 2006-09-12 Procede pour produire des composes de 2-arylcarbonyle, 2-arylesters et 2-arylnitriles et leurs analogues heteroaromatiques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20080221350A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1937613A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005045132A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007033781A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7858666B2 (en) 2007-06-08 2010-12-28 Mannkind Corporation IRE-1α inhibitors
EP2451796B1 (fr) 2009-07-08 2013-04-17 Dermira (Canada), Inc. Analogues de tofa utiles dans le traitement de troubles ou états dermatologiques
CA2974449C (fr) 2015-01-22 2023-08-29 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh Procede pour la production de 2-[4-(cyclopropanecarbonyl)phenyl]-2-methyl-propanenitrile
SI3762368T1 (sl) 2018-03-08 2022-06-30 Incyte Corporation Aminopirazin diolne spojine kot zaviralci PI3K-y
US11046658B2 (en) 2018-07-02 2021-06-29 Incyte Corporation Aminopyrazine derivatives as PI3K-γ inhibitors

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19521340A1 (de) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-19 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hydroxybiarylphosphanen und neue Verbindungen aus dieser Stoffgruppe
DE19609336C1 (de) * 1996-03-11 1997-03-13 Hoechst Ag Substituierte Diphenyldiphosphane und ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US6057456A (en) * 1997-10-16 2000-05-02 Yale University Transition metal-catalyzed process for preparing alpha-arylated carbonyl-containing compounds
CA2336691C (fr) * 1998-07-10 2009-02-10 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Ligands pour metaux et processus perfectionnes catalyses par des metaux bases sur ceux-ci
US6072073A (en) * 1998-08-21 2000-06-06 Yale University Carbonyl arylations and vinylations using transition metal catalysts

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2007033781A1 *

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DE102005045132A1 (de) 2007-03-29
WO2007033781A1 (fr) 2007-03-29
US20080221350A1 (en) 2008-09-11

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