EP1936198B1 - Vacuum pump - Google Patents

Vacuum pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1936198B1
EP1936198B1 EP07022560.2A EP07022560A EP1936198B1 EP 1936198 B1 EP1936198 B1 EP 1936198B1 EP 07022560 A EP07022560 A EP 07022560A EP 1936198 B1 EP1936198 B1 EP 1936198B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
vacuum pump
pump
accordance
housing
Prior art date
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Not-in-force
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EP07022560.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1936198A3 (en
EP1936198A2 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Metzger
Stefan Sänger
Jürgen Wagner
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Pfeiffer Vacuum GmbH
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Pfeiffer Vacuum GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1936198A2 publication Critical patent/EP1936198A2/en
Publication of EP1936198A3 publication Critical patent/EP1936198A3/en
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Publication of EP1936198B1 publication Critical patent/EP1936198B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/3441—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/04—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
    • F04C29/045—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation of the electric motor in hermetic pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/80—Other components
    • F04C2240/803—Electric connectors or cables; Fittings therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/80—Other components
    • F04C2240/808—Electronic circuits (e.g. inverters) installed inside the machine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum pump for generating coarse or fine vacuum with motor, with control electronics, with gas inlet and gas outlet, and pumping system.
  • a common in the prior art design for vacuum pumps for the production of coarse and fine vacuum shows the EP-A 1 591 663 the example of an oil-sealed rotary vane vacuum pump.
  • This vacuum pump which discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1, has an asynchronous motor with fan and a control electronics housed in a box thereon. These components together form the drive of the vacuum pump and are flanged to their housing. The necessary for the generation of the vacuum components are provided within the housing of the vacuum pump.
  • the rotary vane vacuum pump this is in particular the often referred to as a pumping system component, which includes shaft, rotor, stator and slide and is surrounded by an oil bath located in the housing.
  • the housing of the vacuum pump generates a large part of the heat.
  • the cooling takes place exclusively by the fan, which sits on the motor shaft and is located at the pumping system opposite end of the vacuum pump. This results in a difficult heat balance as a disadvantage of this design.
  • a series includes several models, each of which differs in terms of pumping speed and / or final pressure. This results in different components in the drive, on the housing and in its interior for each model of the series. This ensures high production costs.
  • the vacuum pump according to the invention has a housing which has at least three sections. In a control section, the control electronics and in a pump section, the pumping system is arranged. As a result, the functional units, although placed in a housing, are separated from each other. As a result, at the same time a separation of the working at different temperatures components of the vacuum pump. As a result, the heat balance is significantly improved. At the same time, this measure has a cost-reducing effect because the sections within a series can be used multiple times and do not have to be adapted to every model in the series.
  • the dependent claims 2 to 9 represent advantageous developments.
  • a first development it is proposed to arrange the gas inlet and gas outlet in a separate peripheral section. This makes it possible to construct such a section for a series, thereby increasing the cost advantages.
  • heat-conducting parts are also housed in a separate section, so that an advantage for the heat balance is achieved.
  • vacuum pumps today are to be equipped with electronics for diagnosis and remote communication. For this purpose, a space is required, which is obtained in a development by an intermediate section.
  • a fan is placed in this intermediate section, so that a cooling air flow independent of the motor of the vacuum pump and its speed can be generated. This makes it possible to achieve drastically improved cooling of the pump section.
  • the heat balance is further improved by providing a seal between the control section and the adjacent section. This seal is used as a barrier to heat transfer from section to section.
  • This advantage can be further deepened by arranging a seal between the peripheral section and the intermediate section.
  • peripheral section, intermediate section and control section are arranged in this order in the housing of the vacuum pump. This results in a thermal separation of the cool control section from the peripheral section, whereby the electronic components are protected within the control section from aging too fast.
  • the pumping system includes a shaft which eccentrically passes through a cylindrical bore located in the housing of the pumping system, wherein the shaft has a pumping action-achieving slide, and that the pumping system is a lubricant for sealing and lubricating the slider contains.
  • the first figure shows a vacuum pump, which is constructed of four sections and surrounded by a hood 1.
  • This hood is shown in the figure part a) in the disassembled state, while it is mounted in the imaging part b) on the vacuum pump and surrounds a part of the housing of this vacuum pump.
  • the vacuum pump itself rests on a foot 10.
  • the sections of the vacuum pump contain different functional units.
  • the control section 2 contains the control electronics, which processes the mains voltage for the energization of the coils of the drive.
  • a fan 6 is arranged, which sucks in air and promotes in the space between the housing provided on the cooling ribs 8, whereby a cooling effect is achieved.
  • the suction and conveying effect of the fan is illustrated by the dashed arrows.
  • a peripheral section 4 has the gas connections, ie gas inlet 9 and outlet. At the periphery of the foot 10 is also arranged. This has means, such as elastomer body, with which the vibration transmission between the vacuum pump and the ground is reduced.
  • those components are arranged, with which the gas is compressed so far that it can be ejected against the atmosphere.
  • These four sections are arranged axially one after the other with the intermediate section between the peripheral section and the control section. On the opposite side of the intermediate portion of the peripheral portion of the pump portion is provided. This results in a thermal separation of the cool control section from the peripheral section, whereby the electronic components are protected within the control section from aging too fast.
  • the sections of the vacuum pump are at least partially surrounded by the hood 1. It is designed in the example so that it covers the lower part of the vacuum pump. Below here refers to the direction in which the foot of the vacuum pump is mounted. While it is shaped so that the control and intermediate sections are completely concealed, it is less high in the area of the pump section so that it covers only the lower part.
  • cooling fins 8 are provided, which may also be present in the upper part.
  • the hood covers at least a portion of the cooling fins, so that channels are formed, which are limited by hood, housing and cooling fins. It also hides the fan. So that this air can suck in and then convey into the channels, the hood has an opening. In the example, this is designed as a plurality of ventilation slots 7. The number and shape of the air vents may vary depending on the vacuum pump and the gas flow requirements of the fan.
  • FIG. 2 shows in a vertical section through the vacuum pump the structure of control and intermediate section.
  • the control section 2 has a closed housing which has cooling fins 11. This is cooled by free convection.
  • electronic components are arranged, which form a control electronics 12 and for example, mounted on a circuit board. These electronic components transform a supply voltage such that voltages and currents can be applied in a suitable form to the coils of the drive in order to subsequently achieve a rotation of a drive shaft.
  • the supply voltage can be a standard mains voltage such as 220 V with 50 Hz or one of the common industrial voltages such as 48 V.
  • Such components of the control electronics which generate heat to a particular extent, can be arranged such that they touch the inner wall of the housing of the control section. This is preferably realized in the region of the cooling fins 11. It is also conceivable to embed the control electronics completely or partially in a potting compound. This also increases the heat dissipation. In addition, this achieves a higher mechanical stability.
  • the intermediate section 3 has several components in its housing.
  • a switch 15 is used to turn on and off the vacuum pump. Other switches can be arranged there, with which, for example, a standby circuit or a speed position can be realized.
  • a socket 16 to which the power supply is connected. This voltage is given on the one hand to the control electronics, on the other hand to a small power supply 17, which supplies via auxiliary electrical line connections an auxiliary electronics 18 with operating voltage. This is used to implement the switching state of the switch 15 in a control signal, which is also given via suitable electrical line connections to the control electronics.
  • the auxiliary electronics also has means by which the fan motor 6a is supplied with voltage and switched on / off.
  • auxiliary electronics which includes, for example, means for operating a fieldbus or serial interface and the like.
  • Condition information such as "pump in operation”, current speed or activated standby of the vacuum pump can be queried by external control means via this interface, so that the vacuum pump has capabilities for diagnosis and remote communication.
  • a seal 14 is provided between the housing of the intermediate portion 3 and the control portion 2. On the one hand, this ensures a seal of the interior against moisture and dust, on the other hand, it represents a thermal barrier, so that the heat input into the control section from the direction of the intermediate section is made more difficult. Such a seal is also provided between the intermediate portion and the peripheral portion 4, so that tightness and difficult heat transfer are also provided here.
  • the fan which has the fan motor and a fan blade 6b. Dashed arrows illustrate the gas flow generated by the fan: air is drawn in and conveyed between the cooling fins 8.
  • Cooling fins 11 can be seen in section. They are oriented with their longitudinal axis in the direction of gravity to optimize the free convection.
  • the cooling fins of the control section are not covered by the hood 1, so as not to hinder the air flow of the free convection.
  • electrical supply lines go through a cable channel provided in the intermediate section to the peripheral section 4. This cable channel is protected at both ends by channel seals 21 and 22 against moisture and heat transfer.
  • a cable bushing 27 is provided on the side of the engine control.
  • the coils 26 of the drive are arranged.
  • the energization of these coils is effected by the control electronics 12.
  • a rotationally symmetrical separating element 23 is provided inside the coils and separates them hermetically from the interior of the separating element.
  • dashed arrows illustrate the gas flow generated by the fan.
  • the suction takes place through the ventilation slots 7, the gas is then conveyed in the direction of the peripheral portion.
  • such ventilation slots are also arranged in the bottom of the vacuum pump. The foot of the vacuum pump then has the task of creating a distance through which air can be sucked.
  • Figure 3 illustrates that the invention is not limited to a fan alone.
  • a plurality of fans may be provided.
  • two fans are provided in the lower part of the intermediate section, each of them conveying cooling air into the channels mounted on either side of the vacuum pump, in particular the peripheral and pumping sections.
  • Other fans may be arranged to assist in cooling the cooling source to supply heat sources from the vacuum pump with cooling air.
  • a section through the peripheral and the pumping section 5 of the vacuum pump shows Figure 4 ,
  • the example shows a single-stage, lubricant-sealed rotary vane vacuum pump.
  • This has a pumping system 30 in the pump section. This is connected on one end face over a large area with the peripheral section, so that there is a good heat transfer there.
  • the housing of the pump section 5 is connected with good thermal conductivity with the peripheral portion, so that the heat is transferred from the peripheral portion to a high surface area body.
  • a provided in this pumping system cylindrical bore is penetrated by the shaft 24 eccentric.
  • the shaft can be made in one or more pieces. It is rotatably supported by a first sliding bearing 31 and a second sliding bearing 32.
  • lubricant derived from the lubricant reservoir 35 surrounding the pumping system.
  • the lubricant usually an oil, is used in addition to the bearing lubrication for lubrication and sealing of the slide.
  • Sliders 33 run around in the cylindrical bore, the scoop space 34 being formed between the sliders and the wall of the cylindrical bore. Gas passes through the gas inlet 9 in this pump chamber.
  • permanent magnets 25 are fixed, which cooperate with the coils 26 provided in the peripheral portion, whereby the shaft is rotated. Together, permanent magnets and coils form an electric motor.
  • This example is a brushless DC motor.
  • control section can be used simultaneously for a whole series. It is even conceivable to use it for series with pump sections that use different pumping principles. As a result, enormous costs can be saved in the production.
  • the invention is not limited to this type of drive.
  • the pump section is in Figure 5 shown in section along AA '. It is clarified in this illustration, the eccentric position of the shaft 24 and the position of the slide 33. Between these springs not shown are provided.
  • the housing of the pump section has cooling ribs 8.
  • the hood 1 covers the cooling fins, whereby flow channels 42 arise. Through these flow channels, which can be interconnected, the gas supplied by the fan flows, absorbs heat from the housing and transports them in the sequence away from the case. This heat is generated in the pumping system 30 and is discharged via the lubricant reservoir to the housing.
  • the hood is designed so that the channels are open at their end. This is easiest to accomplish, in that the hood does not cover the pump section side end face of the vacuum pump.
  • an intermediate member 40 is arranged, which has, for example, high elastomer components. This provides both a thermal barrier and a reduction in vibration transfer from the pump housing to the hood. Fasteners, such as screws 41, fix the hood.
  • the vacuum pump shown in this embodiment has a favorable heat balance.
  • a first strong heat source is due to the heat of compression in the pump section 5.
  • Another strong heat source is the peripheral portion, since there the coils of the drive are arranged, in which power loss is converted into heat.
  • heat is introduced into the peripheral section via the end face of the pumping system 30, since at this point the pumping system and the peripheral section are in contact with each other over a large area.
  • These heat sources are kept away from the control section by the intermediate section. Due to the order of the sections, the distance is maximized.
  • the thermal resistances of the seals which are provided between the intermediate section and its neighboring sections. These passive measures cause a very favorable heat balance. To these is added the active cooling by the fan (s).
  • This embodiment presents an oil-sealed rotary vane vacuum pump. It is conceivable, however, to adapt the invention to other vacuum pumps for generating coarse or fine vacuum by replacing the pump section. In this pump section then other pumping principles are used. Conceivable pumping principles are, for example, dry reciprocating compressors, dry rotary vane or barrier vane pumps.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vakuumpumpe zur Erzeugung von Grob- oder Feinvakuum mit Motor, mit Steuerelektronik, mit Gaseinlass und Gasauslass, und Pumpsystem.The invention relates to a vacuum pump for generating coarse or fine vacuum with motor, with control electronics, with gas inlet and gas outlet, and pumping system.

Eine im Stand der Technik übliche Bauform für Vakuumpumpen zur Erzeugung von Grob- und Feinvakuum zeigt die EP-A 1 591 663 am Beispiel einer ölgedichteten Drehschiebervakuumpumpe. Diese Vakuumpumpe, welche die Merkmale des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 offenbart, weist einen Asynchronmotor mit Lüfter und eine darauf in einer Kiste untergebrachte Steuerelektronik auf. Diese Komponenten bilden zusammen den Antrieb der Vakuumpumpe und sind an deren Gehäuse angeflanscht. Die für die Erzeugung des Vakuums notwendigen Bauteile sind innerhalb des Gehäuses der Vakuumpumpe vorgesehen. Im Falle der Drehschiebervakuumpumpe ist dies insbesondere die oftmals als Pumpsystem bezeichnete Komponente, welche Welle, Rotor, Stator und Schieber beinhaltet und von einem im Gehäuse befindlichen Ölbad umgeben ist. Im Gehäuse der Vakuumpumpe entsteht ein Großteil der Wärme. Die Kühlung erfolgt aber ausschließlich durch den Lüfter, welcher auf der Motorwelle sitzt und sich am dem Pumpsystem gegenüberliegenden Ende der Vakuumpumpe befindet. Hieraus ergibt sich als ein Nachteil dieses Aufbaus ein schwieriger Wärmehaushalt.A common in the prior art design for vacuum pumps for the production of coarse and fine vacuum shows the EP-A 1 591 663 the example of an oil-sealed rotary vane vacuum pump. This vacuum pump, which discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1, has an asynchronous motor with fan and a control electronics housed in a box thereon. These components together form the drive of the vacuum pump and are flanged to their housing. The necessary for the generation of the vacuum components are provided within the housing of the vacuum pump. In the case of the rotary vane vacuum pump, this is in particular the often referred to as a pumping system component, which includes shaft, rotor, stator and slide and is surrounded by an oil bath located in the housing. The housing of the vacuum pump generates a large part of the heat. However, the cooling takes place exclusively by the fan, which sits on the motor shaft and is located at the pumping system opposite end of the vacuum pump. This results in a difficult heat balance as a disadvantage of this design.

Ein anderer Nachteil dieses Konzepts offenbart sich bei Betrachtung einer ganzen Baureihe von Vakuumpumpen. Eine Baureihe umfasst mehrere Modelle, die sich jeweils in Saugvermögen und/oder Enddruck voneinander unterscheiden. Hierdurch ergeben sich für jedes Modell der Baureihe unterschiedliche Bauteile im Antrieb, am Gehäuse und in dessen Innerem. Dies sorgt für hohe Produktionskosten.Another disadvantage of this concept is revealed by considering a whole series of vacuum pumps. A series includes several models, each of which differs in terms of pumping speed and / or final pressure. This results in different components in the drive, on the housing and in its interior for each model of the series. This ensures high production costs.

Aus diesen Nachteilen ergibt sich die Aufgabe, einen neuen Aufbau für eine Vakuumpumpe vorzustellen, der bei einem günstigen Kostenrahmen den Wärmehaushalt verbessert.These disadvantages result in the task of presenting a new structure for a vacuum pump, which improves the heat balance at a favorable cost.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Vakuumpumpe mit den Merkmalen des ersten Anspruchs. Die erfindungsgemäße Vakuumpumpe besitzt ein Gehäuse, welches wenigstens drei Abschnitte aufweist. In einem Steuerungsabschnitt ist die Steuerelektronik und in einem Pumpabschnitt das Pumpsystem angeordnet. Hierdurch werden die Funktionseinheiten, obgleich in einem Gehäuse platziert, voneinander getrennt. Dadurch erfolgt gleichzeitig eine Trennung der bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen arbeitenden Bauteile der Vakuumpumpe. Hierdurch wird der Wärmehaushalt entscheidend verbessert. Gleichzeitig wirkt diese Maßnahme kostensenkend, da die Abschnitte innerhalb einer Baureihe mehrfach verwendet werden können und nicht für jedes Modell der Baureihe angepasst werden müssen.This object is achieved by a vacuum pump having the features of the first claim. The vacuum pump according to the invention has a housing which has at least three sections. In a control section, the control electronics and in a pump section, the pumping system is arranged. As a result, the functional units, although placed in a housing, are separated from each other. As a result, at the same time a separation of the working at different temperatures components of the vacuum pump. As a result, the heat balance is significantly improved. At the same time, this measure has a cost-reducing effect because the sections within a series can be used multiple times and do not have to be adapted to every model in the series.

Die abhängigen Ansprüche 2 bis 9 stellen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen dar. Gemäß einer ersten Weiterbildung wird vorgeschlagen, Gaseinlass und Gasauslass in einem eigenen Peripheriabschnitt anzuordnen. Dies ermöglicht es, einen solchen Abschnitt für eine Baureihe zu konstruieren, wodurch die Kostenvorteile erhöht werden. Gleichzeitig werden auch hier wärmeführende Teile in einem eigenen Abschnitt untergebracht, so dass ein Vorteil für den Wärmehaushalt erreicht wird. Oftmals sollen Vakuumpumpen heute mit Elektronik zur Diagnose und Fernkommunikation ausgestattet sein. Hierzu ist ein Raum erforderlich, der in einer Weiterbildung durch einen Zwischenabschnitt gewonnen wird.The dependent claims 2 to 9 represent advantageous developments. According to a first development, it is proposed to arrange the gas inlet and gas outlet in a separate peripheral section. This makes it possible to construct such a section for a series, thereby increasing the cost advantages. At the same time, heat-conducting parts are also housed in a separate section, so that an advantage for the heat balance is achieved. Often vacuum pumps today are to be equipped with electronics for diagnosis and remote communication. For this purpose, a space is required, which is obtained in a development by an intermediate section.

In einer Weiterbildung dieses Gedankens wird ein Lüfter in diesem Zwischenabschnitt platziert, so dass ein vom Motor der Vakuumpumpe und dessen Drehzahl unabhängiger Kühlluftstrom erzeugt werden kann. Dies erlaubt es, eine drastisch verbesserte Kühlung gerade des Pumpabschnitts zu erreichen.In a further development of this idea, a fan is placed in this intermediate section, so that a cooling air flow independent of the motor of the vacuum pump and its speed can be generated. This makes it possible to achieve drastically improved cooling of the pump section.

In einer Weiterbildung wird der Wärmehaushalt weiter verbessert, indem eine Dichtung zwischen Steuerungsabschnitt und dem daran benachbarten Abschnitt vorgesehen wird. Diese Dichtung wird als Barriere für die Wärmeübertragung von Abschnitt zu Abschnitt.In a further development, the heat balance is further improved by providing a seal between the control section and the adjacent section. This seal is used as a barrier to heat transfer from section to section.

Dieser Vorteil lässt sich weiter vertiefen, indem eine Dichtung zwischen Peripherieabschnitt und Zwischenabschnitt angeordnet ist.This advantage can be further deepened by arranging a seal between the peripheral section and the intermediate section.

Besonders zur Geltung kommen diese Maßnahmen in einer Weiterbildung, bei der sämtliche Abschnitte axial aufeinanderfolgend angeordnet sind.These measures are particularly effective in a development in which all sections are arranged axially successively.

Die Weiterbildungen nach den Ansprüchen 3 bis 7 lassen sich weiter verbessern, indem Peripherieabschnitt, Zwischenabschnitt und Steuerungsabschnitt in dieser Reihenfolge im Gehäuse der Vakuumpumpe angeordnet sind. Hierdurch erfolgt eine thermische Trennung des kühlen Steuerungsabschnitts vom Peripherieabschnitt, wodurch die elektronischen Bauteile innerhalb des Steuerungsabschnitt vor zu schneller Alterung geschützt sind.The developments according to claims 3 to 7 can be further improved by peripheral section, intermediate section and control section are arranged in this order in the housing of the vacuum pump. This results in a thermal separation of the cool control section from the peripheral section, whereby the electronic components are protected within the control section from aging too fast.

Besonders ausgeprägt sind die genannten Vorteile bei einer ölgedichteten Drehschieberpumpe, bei der das Pumpsystem eine Welle enthält, welche exzentrisch eine im Gehäuse des Pumpsystems befindliche zylindrische Bohrung durchsetzt, wobei die Welle eine Pumpwirkung erzielende Schieber aufweist, und dass das Pumpsystem ein Schmiermittel zum Dichten und Schmieren der Schieber enthält.Particularly pronounced are the advantages mentioned in an oil-sealed rotary vane pump in which the pumping system includes a shaft which eccentrically passes through a cylindrical bore located in the housing of the pumping system, wherein the shaft has a pumping action-achieving slide, and that the pumping system is a lubricant for sealing and lubricating the slider contains.

Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Weitere Vorteile werden ebenfalls aufgezeigt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1:
a) seitlicher Blick auf eine mit Haube ausgestattete Vakuumpumpe, demontierter Zustand, b) seitlicher Blick, montiert.
Fig. 2:
Senkrechter Schnitt durch Zwischenabschnitt und Steuerungsabschnitt der Vakuumpumpe.
Fig. 3:
Waagrechter Schnitt entlang B-B' durch die Vakuumpumpe.
Fig. 4:
Senkrechter Schnitt durch Pumpabschnitt und Peripherieabschnitt.
Fig. 5:
Schnitt entlang A-A' durch die Vakuumpumpe nach Figur 1.
Reference to an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail. Further advantages are also shown. Show it:
Fig. 1:
a) side view of a hood equipped with a vacuum pump, disassembled state, b) side view, mounted.
Fig. 2:
Vertical section through intermediate section and control section of the vacuum pump.
3:
Horizontal section along BB 'through the vacuum pump.
4:
Vertical section through pump section and peripheral section.
Fig. 5:
Cut along AA 'by the vacuum pump FIG. 1 ,

In den nachfolgenden Abbildungen bezeichnen gleiche Ziffern gleiche Teile.In the following figures, like numbers indicate like parts.

Die erste Abbildung zeigt eine Vakuumpumpe, welche aus vier Abschnitten aufgebaut und von einer Haube 1 umgeben ist. Diese Haube ist im Abbildungsteil a) im demontierten Zustand gezeigt, während sie im Abbildungsteil b) an der Vakuumpumpe montiert ist und einen Teil des Gehäuses dieser Vakuumpumpe umgibt. Die Vakuumpumpe selbst ruht auf einem Fuß 10.The first figure shows a vacuum pump, which is constructed of four sections and surrounded by a hood 1. This hood is shown in the figure part a) in the disassembled state, while it is mounted in the imaging part b) on the vacuum pump and surrounds a part of the housing of this vacuum pump. The vacuum pump itself rests on a foot 10.

Die Abschnitte der Vakuumpumpe beinhalten unterschiedliche Funktionseinheiten. Der Steuerungsabschnitt 2 enthält die Steuerelektronik, welche die Netzspannung für die Bestromung der Spulen des Antriebs aufbereitet. In einem Zwischenabschnitt 3 ist ein Lüfter 6 angeordnet, der Luft ansaugt und in den Raum zwischen am Gehäuse vorgesehen Kühlrippen 8 fördert, wodurch eine Kühlwirkung erzielt wird. Die Ansaug- und Förderwirkung des Lüfters ist durch die gestrichelten Pfeile verdeutlicht. Ein Peripherieabschnitt 4 weist die Gasanschlüsse auf, also Gaseinlass 9 und -auslass. Am Peripherieabschnitt ist außerdem der Fuß 10 angeordnet. Dieser weist Mittel auf, beispielsweise Elastomerkörper, mit denen die Schwingungsübertragung zwischen Vakuumpumpe und Boden verringert wird. Im Pumpabschnitt 5 sind diejenigen Bauteile angeordnet, mit denen das Gas so weit verdichtet wird, dass es gegen die Atmosphäre ausgestoßen werden kann. Diese vier Abschnitte sind axial aufeinanderfolgend angeordnet, wobei sich der Zwischenabschnitt zwischen Peripherieabschnitt und Steuerungsabschnitt befindet. Auf der dem Zwischenabschnitt gegenüberliegenden Seite des Peripherieabschnitts ist der Pumpabschnitt vorgesehen. Hierdurch erfolgt eine thermische Trennung des kühlen Steuerungsabschnitts vom Peripherieabschnitt, wodurch die elektronischen Bauteile innerhalb des Steuerungsabschnitt vor zu schneller Alterung geschützt sind.The sections of the vacuum pump contain different functional units. The control section 2 contains the control electronics, which processes the mains voltage for the energization of the coils of the drive. In an intermediate section 3, a fan 6 is arranged, which sucks in air and promotes in the space between the housing provided on the cooling ribs 8, whereby a cooling effect is achieved. The suction and conveying effect of the fan is illustrated by the dashed arrows. A peripheral section 4 has the gas connections, ie gas inlet 9 and outlet. At the periphery of the foot 10 is also arranged. This has means, such as elastomer body, with which the vibration transmission between the vacuum pump and the ground is reduced. in the Pumping section 5, those components are arranged, with which the gas is compressed so far that it can be ejected against the atmosphere. These four sections are arranged axially one after the other with the intermediate section between the peripheral section and the control section. On the opposite side of the intermediate portion of the peripheral portion of the pump portion is provided. This results in a thermal separation of the cool control section from the peripheral section, whereby the electronic components are protected within the control section from aging too fast.

Die Abschnitte der Vakuumpumpe sind zumindest teilweise von der Haube 1 umgeben. Sie ist in dem Beispiel so gestaltet, dass sie den unteren Teil der Vakuumpumpe abdeckt. Unten bezieht sich hier auf die Richtung, in der der Fuß der Vakuumpumpe montiert ist. Während sie so geformt ist, dass Steuerungs- und Zwischenabschnitt vollständig verdeckt sind, ist sie im Bereich der Pumpabschnitts weniger hoch, so dass sie nur den unteren Teil verdeckt. In diesem unteren Teil sind Kühlrippen 8 vorgesehen, wobei diese auch im oberen Teil vorhanden sein können. Die Haube verdeckt wenigstens einen Teil der Kühlrippen, so dass Kanäle entstehen, die durch Haube, Gehäuse und Kühlrippen begrenzt werden. Sie verdeckt außerdem den Lüfter. Damit dieser Luft ansaugen und anschließend in die Kanäle fördern kann, weist die Haube eine Öffnung auf. Im Beispiel ist diese als eine Mehrzahl von Lüftungsschlitzen 7 gestaltet. Zahl und Form der Lüftungsschlitze kann je nach Vakuumpumpe und den Anforderungen an den Gasstrom des Lüfters variieren.The sections of the vacuum pump are at least partially surrounded by the hood 1. It is designed in the example so that it covers the lower part of the vacuum pump. Below here refers to the direction in which the foot of the vacuum pump is mounted. While it is shaped so that the control and intermediate sections are completely concealed, it is less high in the area of the pump section so that it covers only the lower part. In this lower part cooling fins 8 are provided, which may also be present in the upper part. The hood covers at least a portion of the cooling fins, so that channels are formed, which are limited by hood, housing and cooling fins. It also hides the fan. So that this air can suck in and then convey into the channels, the hood has an opening. In the example, this is designed as a plurality of ventilation slots 7. The number and shape of the air vents may vary depending on the vacuum pump and the gas flow requirements of the fan.

Abbildung 2 zeigt in einem senkrechten Schnitt durch die Vakuumpumpe den Aufbau von Steuerungs- und Zwischenabschnitt. Der Steuerungsabschnitt 2 besitzt ein geschlossenes Gehäuse, welches Kühlrippen 11 aufweist. Über diese erfolgt eine Kühlung durch freie Konvektion. Innerhalb des Steuerungsabschnitts sind elektronische Bauteile angeordnet, die eine Steuerelektronik 12 bilden und beispielsweise auf einer Platine montiert sind. Diese elektronischen Bauteile formen eine Versorgungsspannung derart um, dass Spannungen und Ströme in geeigneter Form an die Spulen des Antriebs angelegt werden können, um in der Folge eine Drehung einer Antriebswelle zu erzielen. Die Versorgungsspannung kann dabei eine übliche Netzspannung wie 220 V mit 50 Hz oder eine der gängigen Industriespannungen wie 48 V sein. Solche Bauteile der Steuerelektronik, die in besonderem Maße Wärme erzeugen, können derart angeordnet sein, dass sie die Innenwand des Gehäuses des Steuerungsabschnitts berühren. Vorzugsweise wird dies im Bereich der Kühlrippen 11 realisiert. Ebenfalls denkbar ist, die Steuerelektronik ganz oder teilweise in eine Vergussmasse einzubetten. Dies erhöht ebenfalls die Wärmeableitung. Zudem wird dadurch eine höhere mechanische Stabilität erreicht. Figure 2 shows in a vertical section through the vacuum pump the structure of control and intermediate section. The control section 2 has a closed housing which has cooling fins 11. This is cooled by free convection. Within the control section electronic components are arranged, which form a control electronics 12 and for example, mounted on a circuit board. These electronic components transform a supply voltage such that voltages and currents can be applied in a suitable form to the coils of the drive in order to subsequently achieve a rotation of a drive shaft. The supply voltage can be a standard mains voltage such as 220 V with 50 Hz or one of the common industrial voltages such as 48 V. Such components of the control electronics, which generate heat to a particular extent, can be arranged such that they touch the inner wall of the housing of the control section. This is preferably realized in the region of the cooling fins 11. It is also conceivable to embed the control electronics completely or partially in a potting compound. This also increases the heat dissipation. In addition, this achieves a higher mechanical stability.

Der Zwischenabschnitt 3 weist in seinem Gehäuse mehrere Komponenten auf. Ein Schalter 15 dient zum Ein- und Ausschalten der Vakuumpumpe. Weitere Schalter können dort angeordnet sein, mit denen beispielsweise eine Standby-Schaltung oder eine Drehzahlstellung realisiert werden kann. Ebenfalls hier angeordnet ist eine Buchse 16, an der die Spannungsversorgung angeschlossen wird. Diese Spannung wird zum einen an die Steuerelektronik gegeben, zum anderen an ein kleines Netzteil 17, welches über geeignete elektrische Leitungsverbindungen eine Hilfselektronik 18 mit Betriebsspannung versorgt. Diese dient zur Umsetzung des Schaltzustandes des Schalters 15 in ein Steuersignal, welches ebenfalls über geeignete elektrische Leitungsverbindungen an die Steuerelektronik gegeben wird. Die Hilfselektronik weist auch Mittel auf, mit denen der Lüftermotor 6a mit Spannung versorgt und ein-/ausgeschaltet wird.The intermediate section 3 has several components in its housing. A switch 15 is used to turn on and off the vacuum pump. Other switches can be arranged there, with which, for example, a standby circuit or a speed position can be realized. Also arranged here is a socket 16 to which the power supply is connected. This voltage is given on the one hand to the control electronics, on the other hand to a small power supply 17, which supplies via auxiliary electrical line connections an auxiliary electronics 18 with operating voltage. This is used to implement the switching state of the switch 15 in a control signal, which is also given via suitable electrical line connections to the control electronics. The auxiliary electronics also has means by which the fan motor 6a is supplied with voltage and switched on / off.

In einer Weiterbildung werden in diesem Zwischenabschnitt weitere Kommunikationsmittel angeordnet. Dazu notwendig sind Schalter, Stecker und Buchse, die an der Gehäusewandung ähnlich wie der Schalter 15 angeordnet sind. Diese Bauteile stehen dann über elektrische Leitungsverbindungen oder ähnlichem mit einer erweiterten Hilfselektronik in Verbindung, welche beispielsweise Mittel zum Betreiben einer Feldbus- oder seriellen Schnittstelle und dergleichen beinhaltet. Über diese Schnittstelle können Zustandsinformationen wie "Pumpe in Betrieb", aktuelle Drehzahl oder aktivierter Standby der Vakuumpumpe von externen Steuermitteln abgefragt werden, so dass die Vakuumpumpe Fähigkeiten zur Diagnose und Fernkommunikation aufweist.In a development, further communication means are arranged in this intermediate section. This requires switch, plug and socket, which are arranged on the housing wall similar to the switch 15. These components are then connected via electrical line connections or the like with an extended auxiliary electronics, which includes, for example, means for operating a fieldbus or serial interface and the like. Condition information such as "pump in operation", current speed or activated standby of the vacuum pump can be queried by external control means via this interface, so that the vacuum pump has capabilities for diagnosis and remote communication.

Zwischen dem Gehäuse des Zwischenabschnitts 3 und dem Steuerungsabschnitt 2 ist eine Dichtung 14 vorgesehen. Diese sorgt zum einen für eine Abdichtung des Innenraumes gegen Feuchtigkeit und Staub, zum anderen stellt sie eine thermische Barriere dar, so dass der Wärmeintrag in den Steuerungsabschnitt aus Richtung des Zwischenabschnitts erschwert wird. Eine solche Dichtung ist auch zwischen Zwischenabschnitt und Peripherieabschnitt 4 vorgesehen, so dass auch hier Dichtheit und erschwerter Wärmetransport gegeben sind. In einem Teil des Zwischenabschnitts trägt eine Tragstruktur 19 den Lüfter, welcher den Lüftermotor und ein Lüfterblatt 6b aufweist. Gestrichelte Pfeile verdeutlichen den Gasstrom, der durch den Lüfter erzeugt wird: Luft wird angesaugt und zwischen die Kühlrippen 8 gefördert.Between the housing of the intermediate portion 3 and the control portion 2, a seal 14 is provided. On the one hand, this ensures a seal of the interior against moisture and dust, on the other hand, it represents a thermal barrier, so that the heat input into the control section from the direction of the intermediate section is made more difficult. Such a seal is also provided between the intermediate portion and the peripheral portion 4, so that tightness and difficult heat transfer are also provided here. In a part of the intermediate portion carries a support structure 19, the fan, which has the fan motor and a fan blade 6b. Dashed arrows illustrate the gas flow generated by the fan: air is drawn in and conveyed between the cooling fins 8.

Zwischenabschnitt, Steuerungsabschnitt und ein Teil des Peripherieabschnittes sind in Abbildung 3 einem waagrechten Schnitt durch die Vakuumpumpe entlang der Linie B-B' gezeigt. In dieser Ansicht sind die auf der steuerungsabschnittsseitigen Stirnseite der Vakuumpumpe angeordneten Kühlrippen 11 im Schnitt zu sehen. Sie sind mit ihrer Längsachse in Schwerkraftrichtung orientiert, um die freie Konvektion zu optimieren. Vorzugsweise werden die Kühlrippen des Steuerungsabschnittes nicht von der Haube 1 verdeckt, um den Luftstrom der freien Konvektion nicht zu behindern. Von der Steuerelektronik 12 gehen elektrische Versorgungsleitungen durch einen im Zwischenabschnitt vorgesehenen Kabelkanal zum Peripherieabschnitt 4. Dieser Kabelkanal ist an beiden Enden durch Kanaldichtungen 21 und 22 gegen Feuchtigkeit und Wärmeübergang geschützt. Insbesondere auf der Seite der Motorsteuerung ist eine Kabeldurchführung 27 vorgesehen. Innerhalb des Peripherieabschnitts 4 sind die Spulen 26 des Antriebs angeordnet. Die Bestromung dieser Spulen wird durch die Steuerelektronik 12 bewirkt. Ein rotationssymetrisches Trennelement 23 ist innerhalb der Spulen vorgesehen und trennt diese hermetisch vom Innenraum des Trennelements. In diesen ragt das Ende einer Welle 24, auf dem Permanentmagneten 25 befestigt sind. Auch in dieser Abbildung verdeutlichen gestrichelte Pfeile den vom Lüfter erzeugten Gasstrom. Die Ansaugung erfolgt durch die Lüftungsschlitze 7, das Gas wird dann in Richtung des Peripherieabschnitts gefördert. In einer Weiterbildung sind solche Lüftungsschlitze auch im Boden der Vakuumpumpe angeordnet. Der Fuß der Vakuumpumpe hat dann auch die Aufgabe, einen Abstand zu erzeugen, durch den Luft angesaugt werden kann.Intermediate section, control section and a part of the peripheral section are in Figure 3 a horizontal section through the vacuum pump along the line BB 'shown. In this view, arranged on the control section side end face of the vacuum pump cooling fins 11 can be seen in section. They are oriented with their longitudinal axis in the direction of gravity to optimize the free convection. Preferably, the cooling fins of the control section are not covered by the hood 1, so as not to hinder the air flow of the free convection. From the control electronics 12 electrical supply lines go through a cable channel provided in the intermediate section to the peripheral section 4. This cable channel is protected at both ends by channel seals 21 and 22 against moisture and heat transfer. In particular, on the side of the engine control a cable bushing 27 is provided. Within the peripheral portion 4, the coils 26 of the drive are arranged. The energization of these coils is effected by the control electronics 12. A rotationally symmetrical separating element 23 is provided inside the coils and separates them hermetically from the interior of the separating element. In this projecting end of a shaft 24, are mounted on the permanent magnet 25. In this figure dashed arrows illustrate the gas flow generated by the fan. The suction takes place through the ventilation slots 7, the gas is then conveyed in the direction of the peripheral portion. In a further development, such ventilation slots are also arranged in the bottom of the vacuum pump. The foot of the vacuum pump then has the task of creating a distance through which air can be sucked.

Abbildung 3 verdeutlicht, dass die Erfindung nicht auf einen Lüfter alleine beschränkt ist. Eine Mehrzahl von Lüftern kann vorgesehen sein. Im Beispiel sind zwei Lüfter im unteren Teil des Zwischenabschnitts vorgesehen, wobei jeder von ihnen Kühlluft in die Kanäle fördert, die auf jeweils einer Seite der Vakuumpumpe, insbesondere des Peripherie- und des Pumpabschnitts, angebracht sind. Weitere Lüfter können zur Unterstützung der Kühlung so angeordnet sein, dass sie Wärmequellen der Vakuumpumpe mit Kühlluft versorgen. Figure 3 illustrates that the invention is not limited to a fan alone. A plurality of fans may be provided. In the example, two fans are provided in the lower part of the intermediate section, each of them conveying cooling air into the channels mounted on either side of the vacuum pump, in particular the peripheral and pumping sections. Other fans may be arranged to assist in cooling the cooling source to supply heat sources from the vacuum pump with cooling air.

Einen Schnitt durch den Peripherie- und den Pumpabschnitt 5 der Vakuumpumpe zeigt Abbildung 4. Das Beispiel zeigt eine einstufige, schmiermittelgedichtete Drehschiebervakuumpumpe. Dieser weist in dem Pumpabschnitt ein Pumpsystem 30 auf. Dieses ist an einer Stirnseite großflächig mit dem Peripherieabschitt verbunden, so dass es dort eine gute Wärmeüberleitung gibt. Das Gehäuse des Pumpabschnitts 5 ist gut wärmeleitend mit dem Peripherieabschnitt verbunden, so dass die Wärme vom Peripherieabschnitt auf einen Körper mit großer Oberfläche übertragen wird. Eine in diesem Pumpsystem vorgesehene zylindrische Bohrung wird von der Welle 24 exzentrisch durchsetzt. Die Welle kann ein- oder mehrstückig ausgeführt sein. Sie wird von einem ersten Gleitlager 31 und einem zweiten Gleitlager 32 drehbar unterstützt. Diese werden durch Schmiermittel geschmiert, welches aus dem das Pumpsystem umgebenden Schmiermittelreservoir 35 stammt. Das Schmiermittel, meist ein Öl, dient neben der Lagerschmierung auch zur Schmierung und Dichtung der Schieber. In der zylindrischen Bohrung laufen Schieber 33 um, wobei zwischen Schiebern und Wandung der zylindrischen Bohrung der Schöpfraum 34 gebildet wird. Gas gelangt über den Gaseinlass 9 in diesen Schöpfraum. An dem Wellenende, welches dem Gleitlager 31 gegenüberliegt und in den Peripherieabschnitt 4 ragt, sind Permanentmagnete 25 befestigt, die mit den im Peripherieabschnitt vorgesehenen Spulen 26 zusammenwirken, wodurch die Welle in Drehung versetzt wird. Zusammen bilden Permanentmagnete und Spulen einen Elektromotor. In diesem Beispiel handelt es sich um eine bürstenlosen Gleichstrommotor. Mit dieser Art Motor kommen die Vorteile der Erfindung besonders zur Geltung kommen, denn der Steuerungsabschnitt kann für eine ganze Baureihe gleichzeitig verwendet werden. Es ist sogar denkbar, ihn für Baureihen mit Pumpabschnitten zu verwenden, die mit verschiedenen Pumpprinzipien arbeiten. Hierdurch können enorme Kosten bei der Herstellung eingespart werden. Die Erfindung ist jedoch nicht auf diese Art Antrieb beschränkt.A section through the peripheral and the pumping section 5 of the vacuum pump shows Figure 4 , The example shows a single-stage, lubricant-sealed rotary vane vacuum pump. This has a pumping system 30 in the pump section. This is connected on one end face over a large area with the peripheral section, so that there is a good heat transfer there. The housing of the pump section 5 is connected with good thermal conductivity with the peripheral portion, so that the heat is transferred from the peripheral portion to a high surface area body. A provided in this pumping system cylindrical bore is penetrated by the shaft 24 eccentric. The shaft can be made in one or more pieces. It is rotatably supported by a first sliding bearing 31 and a second sliding bearing 32. These are lubricated by lubricant derived from the lubricant reservoir 35 surrounding the pumping system. The lubricant, usually an oil, is used in addition to the bearing lubrication for lubrication and sealing of the slide. Sliders 33 run around in the cylindrical bore, the scoop space 34 being formed between the sliders and the wall of the cylindrical bore. Gas passes through the gas inlet 9 in this pump chamber. At the shaft end, which faces the slide bearing 31 and projects into the peripheral portion 4, permanent magnets 25 are fixed, which cooperate with the coils 26 provided in the peripheral portion, whereby the shaft is rotated. Together, permanent magnets and coils form an electric motor. This example is a brushless DC motor. With this type of motor, the advantages of the invention come to particular advantage, because the control section can be used simultaneously for a whole series. It is even conceivable to use it for series with pump sections that use different pumping principles. As a result, enormous costs can be saved in the production. However, the invention is not limited to this type of drive.

Der Pumpabschnitt ist in Abbildung 5 im Schnitt entlang A-A' dargestellt. Verdeutlicht ist in dieser Darstellung die exzentrische Lage der Welle 24 und die Position der Schieber 33. Zwischen diesen sind nicht gezeigte Federn vorgesehen. Das Gehäuse des Pumpabschnitts weist Kühlrippen 8 auf. Die Haube 1 deckt die Kühlrippen ab, wodurch Strömungskanäle 42 entstehen. Durch diese Strömungskanäle, die untereinander verbunden sein können, strömt das vom Lüfter geförderte Gas, nimmt Wärme vom Gehäuse auf und transportiert sie in der Folge vom Gehäuse weg. Diese Wärme entsteht im Pumpsystem 30 und wird über das Schmiermittelreservoir an das Gehäuse abgegeben. Vorzugsweise ist die Haube so gestaltet, dass die Kanäle an ihrem Ende offen sind. Dies ist am einfachsten zu bewerkstelligen, indem die Haube die pumpabschnittsseitige Stirnseite der Vakuumpumpe nicht bedeckt. Zwischen Haube und Gehäuse ist ein Zwischenbauteil 40 angeordnet, welches beispielsweise hohe Elastomeranteile aufweist. Dies sorgt sowohl für eine thermische Barriere als auch für eine Reduzierung der Schwingungsübertragung von Pumpengehäuse auf die Haube. Befestigungsmittel, beispielsweise Schrauben 41, fixieren die Haube.The pump section is in Figure 5 shown in section along AA '. It is clarified in this illustration, the eccentric position of the shaft 24 and the position of the slide 33. Between these springs not shown are provided. The housing of the pump section has cooling ribs 8. The hood 1 covers the cooling fins, whereby flow channels 42 arise. Through these flow channels, which can be interconnected, the gas supplied by the fan flows, absorbs heat from the housing and transports them in the sequence away from the case. This heat is generated in the pumping system 30 and is discharged via the lubricant reservoir to the housing. Preferably, the hood is designed so that the channels are open at their end. This is easiest to accomplish, in that the hood does not cover the pump section side end face of the vacuum pump. Between hood and housing, an intermediate member 40 is arranged, which has, for example, high elastomer components. This provides both a thermal barrier and a reduction in vibration transfer from the pump housing to the hood. Fasteners, such as screws 41, fix the hood.

Die in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellte Vakuumpumpe weist einen günstigen Wärmehaushalt auf. Eine erste starke Wärmequelle befindet sich aufgrund der Verdichtungswärme im Pumpabschnitt 5. Eine weitere starke Wärmequelle ist der Peripherieabschnitt, da dort die Spulen des Antriebs angeordnet sind, in denen Verlustleistung in Wärme umgewandelt wird. Außerdem wird über die Stirnseite des Pumpsystems 30 Wärme in den Peripherieabschnitt eingeleitet, da an dieser Stelle Pumpsystem und Peripherieabschnitt großflächig miteinander in Kontakt stehen. Diese Wärmequellen werden durch den Zwischenabschnitt vom Steuerungsabschnitt ferngehalten. Aufgrund der Reihenfolge der Abschnitte ist der Abstand maximiert. Hinzu kommen die thermischen Widerstände der Dichtungen, die zwischen dem Zwischenabschnitt und seinen Nachbarabschnitten vorgesehen sind. Diese passiven Maßnahmen bewirken einen sehr günstigen Wärmehaushalt. Zu diesen tritt die aktive Kühlung durch den oder die Lüfter hinzu. Durch deren Platzierung im Zwischenabschnitt werden direkt die am meisten Wärme abgebenden Abschnitte der Vakuumpumpe mit Kühlluft angeblasen. Gefördert wird dies noch durch die Haube, die einerseits als Berührungsschutz dient, andererseits die vom Lüfter geförderte Kühlluft optimal an die Wärmequellen Pumpabschnitt und Peripherieabschnitt lenkt. In der Summe ist die Kühlung der vorgeschlagenen Vakuumpumpe gegenüber dem Stand der Technik entscheidend verbessert.The vacuum pump shown in this embodiment has a favorable heat balance. A first strong heat source is due to the heat of compression in the pump section 5. Another strong heat source is the peripheral portion, since there the coils of the drive are arranged, in which power loss is converted into heat. In addition, heat is introduced into the peripheral section via the end face of the pumping system 30, since at this point the pumping system and the peripheral section are in contact with each other over a large area. These heat sources are kept away from the control section by the intermediate section. Due to the order of the sections, the distance is maximized. Added to this are the thermal resistances of the seals which are provided between the intermediate section and its neighboring sections. These passive measures cause a very favorable heat balance. To these is added the active cooling by the fan (s). Their placement in the intermediate section directly blows the most heat-emitting sections of the vacuum pump with cooling air. This is further promoted by the hood, which on the one hand serves as protection against contact, on the other hand optimally directs the cooling air conveyed by the fan to the heat source pump section and peripheral section. In sum, the cooling of the proposed vacuum pump over the prior art is significantly improved.

Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel stellt eine ölgedichtete Drehschiebervakuumpumpe vor. Denkbar ist es jedoch, die Erfindung auch auf andere Vakuumpumpen zur Erzeugung von Grob- oder Feinvakuum durch Austausch des Pumpabschnitts anzupassen. In diesem Pumpabschnitt kommen dann andere Pumpprinzipien zum Einsatz. Denkbare Pumpprinzipien sind beispielsweise trockenen Kolbenverdichter, trockene Drehschieber- oder Sperrschieberpumpen.This embodiment presents an oil-sealed rotary vane vacuum pump. It is conceivable, however, to adapt the invention to other vacuum pumps for generating coarse or fine vacuum by replacing the pump section. In this pump section then other pumping principles are used. Conceivable pumping principles are, for example, dry reciprocating compressors, dry rotary vane or barrier vane pumps.

Claims (9)

  1. A vacuum pump for generating a rough vacuum or a fine vacuum comprising a motor; control electronics (12); a gas inlet (9) and a gas outlet; a pump system (30); and a housing,
    characterized in that
    the housing of the vacuum pump has at least two sections which are thermally separate from one another and of which a control section (2) includes the control electronics and a pump section (5) includes the pump system, with a thermal separation of the two sections (2, 5) taking place by an intermediate section (3) and with the motor being arranged outside the control section (2).
  2. A vacuum pump in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the housing has a peripheral section (4) which includes the gas inlet (9) and the gas outlet.
  3. A vacuum pump in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate section (3) includes further electronic components (17, 18).
  4. A vacuum pump in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate section (3) has at least one fan (6).
  5. A vacuum pump in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second seal (14; 21) is arranged between the control section (2) and an adjacent section.
  6. A vacuum pump in accordance with any one of the claims 2 to 5, characterized in that a first seal (13; 22) is arranged between the peripheral section (4) and the intermediate section (3).
  7. A vacuum pump in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sections (2, 3, 4, 5) are arranged axially following one another.
  8. A vacuum pump in accordance with any one of the claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the intermediate section (3) is arranged between the peripheral section (4) and the control section (2).
  9. A vacuum pump in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pump system (30) includes a shaft (24) which eccentrically passes through a cylindrical bore located in the housing of the pump system, with the shaft having sliders (33) which achieve a pumping effect; and in that the pump system includes a lubricant for sealing and lubricating the sliders.
EP07022560.2A 2006-12-13 2007-11-21 Vacuum pump Not-in-force EP1936198B1 (en)

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DE102006058843A DE102006058843A1 (en) 2006-12-13 2006-12-13 vacuum pump

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EP1936198A2 EP1936198A2 (en) 2008-06-25
EP1936198A3 EP1936198A3 (en) 2014-01-08
EP1936198B1 true EP1936198B1 (en) 2018-01-24

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JP2008151123A (en) 2008-07-03
DE102006058843A1 (en) 2008-06-19
EP1936198A3 (en) 2014-01-08
EP1936198A2 (en) 2008-06-25
US20080145214A1 (en) 2008-06-19
US8303269B2 (en) 2012-11-06

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