EP1934426B1 - Under-reaming and stabilizing tool for use in a borehole and method for using same - Google Patents

Under-reaming and stabilizing tool for use in a borehole and method for using same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1934426B1
EP1934426B1 EP05797916A EP05797916A EP1934426B1 EP 1934426 B1 EP1934426 B1 EP 1934426B1 EP 05797916 A EP05797916 A EP 05797916A EP 05797916 A EP05797916 A EP 05797916A EP 1934426 B1 EP1934426 B1 EP 1934426B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive tube
wedge
tubular body
blade element
tool according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP05797916A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1934426A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Lassoie
Valérie SILLEN
Olivier Mageren
Philippe Fanuel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Halliburton Energy Services NV
Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Original Assignee
Halliburton Energy Services NV
Halliburton Energy Services Inc
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Publication of EP1934426A1 publication Critical patent/EP1934426A1/en
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Publication of EP1934426B1 publication Critical patent/EP1934426B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
    • E21B10/322—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools cutter shifted by fluid pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a widening and stabilization tool to be implemented in a borehole, comprising
  • tubular body to be mounted between a first section of a drill string and a second section thereof, this tubular body having an axial cavity which is open outwardly by at least one radial guide channel, a knife member arranged radially displaceable in each said radial guide channel, and wedge means which, by axial displacement within the tubular body, induces radial movement of each knife element in its guide channel.
  • the present invention therefore aims to develop a widening and stabilization tool as indicated at the beginning, which allows a great flexibility of use of the tool depending on the geological formations in which it must widen a hole drilling and great ease of replacement of the knife elements after their wear.
  • an enlargement and stabilization tool which furthermore comprises a drive tube which is mounted inside said axial cavity so as to be able to perform axial displacements, and which has a longitudinal axis, as wedge means, at least one wedge element per knife element which is supported at the periphery of the drive tube, said at least one wedge member and the drive tube being capable of effecting movement between them. relative axial sliding along the longitudinal axis, and stop means which are capable of releasably locking said at least one wedge member on the drive tube in a locking position in which the drive tube can perform said axial displacements, and said at least one wedge element is driven by the drive tube in these axial displacements.
  • This tool therefore makes it easy to replace the corner elements by detaching them from the drive tube on which they are supported. Therefore it is possible without difficulty to replace them with other corner elements having a different configuration.
  • knife elements which react more flexibly during the enlargement because they rely on steep corner elements.
  • knife elements reacting harder, because the corner elements will then be provided with a lower slope.
  • Such a transformation of the tool thus requires only the replacement of the corner elements and the substitution of the knife elements by others adapted to these corner elements. It is thus also possible to provide in the same radial guide channels, knife elements having different active lengths, without having to change tools.
  • the drive tube has at its periphery longitudinal grooves in each of which at least one wedge element can perform said relative axial sliding movement, being retained radially inside this longitudinal groove.
  • said stop means comprise a stopper closing each longitudinal groove at a first axial end, and a releasable locking member which closes each longitudinal groove at a second axial end, opposite the first, when said at least one wedge member and said drive tube are in said locking position, and which is driven by the during his axial movements.
  • said locking element and the drive tube have threads capable of cooperating for their mutual attachment in a closed position of said second end of the longitudinal grooves. In this position, at least a portion of the wedge element is completely stationarily enclosed in its corresponding longitudinal groove closed at both ends.
  • each knife element and the inclined outer surface of each wedge element on which the knife element bears is provided with mutual retaining means in the radial direction. which are arranged so that the knife element in the up position in its guide channel makes a radial descent to a low position by retraction from the retaining means of said at least one wedge element during the axial displacement thereof. this.
  • the thrust of the knife members radially outwardly and the retraction thereof within the tubular body therefore result solely from a cooperation between wedge elements and a corresponding knife element, trapped in a channel which serves only radial guidance.
  • the length of the latter or the extension the tubular body remains the same and the drive tube as well.
  • the drive tube comprises a piston which separates, in the tubular body, a first section in which a hydraulic fluid is under an internal pressure and a second section which is in communication with the external by said at least one radial guide channel which are accommodated said at least one corner element and their corresponding knife element.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for implementing an enlargement and stabilization tool to be put into service in a borehole.
  • the process according to the invention comprises an introduction of each knife element provided with at least one wedge element in a manner engaged in a corresponding radial guide channel of the axial cavity of the tubular body, an introduction of the drive tube into the axial cavity of the tubular body, with a relative sliding between this drive tube and said at least one radially engaged wedge member, and releasably locking each wedge member on the drive tube in a locking position in which the drive tube is movable axially and said at least one wedge member is driven by the drive tube in these axial displacements.
  • Such a method allows assembly and disassembly of the tool particularly easy and fast.
  • a simple blocking of the wedge elements on the drive tube in an appropriate position immediately allows the tool to be put into service.
  • the drive tube can perform only axial sliding movement, without rotation about its axis.
  • each knife element further comprises, before the step of introducing each knife element, an arrangement on at least one inclined inner surface of each knife element of at least one wedge element having an external surface inclined in the same way, so that these elements remain integral with each other, during this introduction step, and, after the aforementioned blocking step, knife elements and elements wedges are disengaged so that each knife element can slide on the inclined surface of said at least one corresponding corner element.
  • the separation between the corner elements and the knife elements can be done for example by shearing, from a threshold hydraulic pressure, pins which retain the knife elements on their corner elements, that is to say then say that the widening tool has already descended into the borehole.
  • the tool according to the invention comprises a tubular body 1 which is to be mounted between two sections of a drill string not shown.
  • This tubular body 1 has an axial cavity 2 which is open towards the outside by three radial guide channels 3, of which only one is visible in this figure.
  • guide channels could be provided, as needed.
  • each guide channel is arranged radially movable a knife element 5 and respectively 6.
  • Each knife element comprises, as illustrated in detail on the figure 1 an outer surface provided with cutting inserts having a front portion 7 inclined forwards (i.e., downward on the figure 1 ) relative to the longitudinal axis 8, a central portion 9 substantially parallel to the axis 8 and a rear portion 10 inclined rearwardly with respect to the axis 8.
  • the front portion 7 is intended to produce an enlargement of the drilling during its descent, the central portion 9 to stabilize the tool relative to the enlarged hole and the rear portion 10 to produce an enlargement of the borehole during a recovery of the drill string.
  • the tool according to the invention also comprises a drive tube 11 which is mounted inside the axial cavity 2 so as to be able to perform axial displacements according to a hydraulic pressure.
  • the drive tube 11 also has an axial cavity 12 through which can flow the drilling muds.
  • the driving tube 11 comprises a piston 13 which separates, in the tubular body, a first section 14 (see FIG. figure 8 ) and a second section 15 (see figure 9 ).
  • first section 14 can penetrate a fluid hydraulically under pressure, for example from the axial cavity 12 of the drive tube passing through filtration means formed by the holes 16.
  • the second section 15 of the tubular body 1 is in communication with the outside by the guide channels 3 where are housed the knife elements 5 and 6.
  • the tool according to the invention further comprises, in the example illustrated, two wedge elements 17 and 18 per knife element, these wedge elements being supported by the drive tube 11. It can be understood that one could provide a single corner element per knife element or more than two, depending on the needs. On the figure 19 an embodiment variant is shown wherein two corner members are rigidly connected to each other.
  • Each knife element has at least one internal surface inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis 8. In the exemplary embodiment shown there are two 19 and 20. Each corner element has an outer surface 21 inclined in the same way that is resting on the inner surface 19 or 20 of the corresponding knife element.
  • each knife element 5 has a U-shaped cross-section and thus overlaps the corresponding wedge element 17 or 18.
  • the surfaces 19 or 20 and 21 of these elements, which are supported on one another, have mutual retaining means in the radial direction which, in the example illustrated, are in the form of a groove in dovetail and a groove 38, of corresponding shape.
  • the corner elements are fixed on the knife elements by shear pins 22 which retain the corner elements with respect to the knife elements in the position illustrated in the figures. figure 3 to 6 .
  • these pins are introduced into a perforation 37 provided for this purpose in the knife element and a corresponding perforation of the corner element (see figure 11 ).
  • the drive tube 11 is provided at its periphery with longitudinal grooves 23 in which the wedge members 17 and 18 can effect a relative axial sliding movement with respect to the drive tube 11, as shown in FIGS. figure 5 and 6 .
  • the grooves are limited laterally by lips 24 directed toward each other which narrow the opening of the grooves outwards. In a central position of the grooves, these lips are removed by forming a flare 25 which allows radial penetration of at least a portion of the corresponding corner member.
  • corner elements present in this embodiment a conformation with lateral projections that can be slid below the lips 24 aforesaid.
  • the tool according to the invention further comprises stop means which are capable of releasably locking the wedge members 17, 18 on the drive tube 11, allowing the axial displacements thereof.
  • the stop means comprise a stop 26 which longitudinally limits each longitudinal groove 23. In the example illustrated, it is a wall which terminates the groove on the piston side.
  • the stop means also includes a threaded sleeve 27 which can be screwed onto the threaded end 28 of the drive tube. After screwing the threaded sleeve 27 closes the longitudinal grooves 23 on the opposite side to the piston.
  • the piston 13 has a passage in the form of at least one small diameter duct 36 (see FIG. figure 9 ) which allows communication between the pressure section 14 (see figure 8 ) of the tubular body and the section 15 (see figure 9 ) who is in communication with the outside.
  • the constriction achieved by this duct 36 has the effect of injecting high pressure hydraulic fluid jets in the section 15. This makes it possible to prevent penetration into the tool of the drilling mud which circulates outside the train. of stems and cleaning the corner elements, knife elements and radial guide channels.
  • each knife element 5 is provided, in the illustrated example, with two wedge elements 17 and 18.
  • the dovetail grooves 38 of the corner elements v. figure 12
  • each corner member is attached to its knife member by a shear pin 22 which passes through each corner member and at least one hole 37 provided in the knife member (see FIG. figure 11 ). In this way, the corner elements and the knife element remain integral during the assembly operations.
  • the knife element 5 provided with its two corner elements is then introduced axially or, as illustrated in FIG. figure 3 radially obliquely inside the cavity 2 of the tubular body 1 in the direction of the arrow F1.
  • the knife element 5 is opposite the corresponding radial guide channel 3, it is pulled radially outwards in the direction of arrow F2 (see FIG. figure 4 ) and this manually or using a machine, and it is maintained in this engaged position.
  • the threaded sleeve 27, provided with a seal 29 in which it is capable of sliding, is introduced by the down in the axial cavity 2.
  • the seal is held in position between the threaded end of the sleeve 27 and a return spring not shown.
  • the next step is also illustrated on the figure 4 .
  • the drive tube 11 is introduced in the direction of the arrow F3 into the axial cavity 2 of the tubular body 1.
  • the wedge members 18 are located opposite the threaded end 28 of the drive tube.
  • the knife elements are then, as illustrated on the figure 5 , pressed in the direction of the arrow F4 in their guide channel.
  • the corner elements 17 penetrate radially into the longitudinal grooves, through the flares 25, and the corner members 18 have their lateral projections in position to be able to pass below the lips 24 of the longitudinal grooves 23.
  • the figure 6 illustrates a relative sliding between the drive tube 11 and the wedge members 17 and 18.
  • the drive tube partially sinks into the threaded sleeve 27.
  • the wedge members 17 penetrate into the upper part of the longitudinal grooves which are without flaring and corner elements 18 penetrate the lower part of these grooves.
  • the threaded sleeve 27 is then screwed down.
  • the wedge elements 17, 18 are trapped in the longitudinal grooves 23 between the stops 26 and the threaded sleeve 27, and they are immobilized radially by the lips 24.
  • the figure 7 illustrates axial downward movement of the drive tube 11.
  • the knife elements 5, 6 have slid on the slope of the wedge members 17, 18 into the expanded position illustrated.
  • the assembly and of course the disassembly of the tool are very simple and fast.
  • the knife elements can easily be replaced by new ones and other knife models can be introduced into the tool without having to replace the tool itself.
  • the tool according to the invention also comprises an activation device which is capable of axially holding the drive tube 11 in its initial position shown on the figures 8 , 9 and 10 . It is in this position of withdrawal of the knife elements that the tool is lowered into the borehole.
  • this activating device comprises a shear pin 39 which passes through an orifice 40 provided in the tubular body by penetrating into a blind hole provided on an extension tube 41 applied against the sleeve 27 screwed to the drive tube 11.
  • the pin prevents axial displacement of the extension tube 41.
  • this threshold is exceeded, the pin 39 is sheared, and the drive tube can slide in the tubular body 1.
  • the tool according to the invention is also provided, in the illustrated example, with a return spring 42 which is supported on the one hand on the extension tube 41 and on the other hand on a joining element 43, fixed on the tubular body 1 and for inserting it into the drill string.
  • a return spring 42 which is supported on the one hand on the extension tube 41 and on the other hand on a joining element 43, fixed on the tubular body 1 and for inserting it into the drill string.
  • the activation device comprises, at the end of the extension tube 41, a sleeve 44 which envelops this end.
  • the extension tube is provided at its lower end with a plurality of lateral holes 45.
  • the sleeve 44 is slidably provided within a sleeve 46 which is fixedly incorporated in the connecting member 43.
  • a pin shear 47 holds the sleeve 44 in place over the end of the extension tube 41, in the initial position of the drive tube and the sleeve 44 prevents axial displacement of the extension tube 41 and therefore of the drive tube 11.
  • the drilling muds pass through the drive tube 11, the threaded sleeve 27, the extension tube 41 and the sleeve 46 and then join the drill string.
  • An electric control known per se is for example located on the surface and, as illustrated on the figure 18 connected to the latch 70 via an electronic device 71, which can be controlled by pulsations of fluid.
  • the electronic device can then in turn control a movement of the latch by a latch activator 72, and this in an open position in which it releases the drive tube.
  • the tool according to the invention can also advantageously be provided with a capture device of the drive tube.
  • the drive tube 11 is provided with a tubular extension 51 fixed on it.
  • This elongate 51 is surrounded by a sleeve 52 capable of sliding over said elongate 51 and inside two successive bushes 53 and 54 interconnected in a fixed manner.
  • These bushings 53 and 54 are themselves stationarily embedded within a junction member 57 fixedly connected to the tubular body 1 to allow its insertion into a string of rods.
  • a first elastic clamping collar 55 is housed in an internal groove 58 of the sleeve 52 and can therefore slide with it on the elongate member 51.
  • a second elastic clamping collar 59 is housed in an internal groove 60 formed between the two bushes 53 and 54, so as to slide on the sleeve 52.
  • the sleeve 52 In the initial position of the driving tube 11 and during the putting into service of the tool the sleeve 52 is held axially inside the fixed bushing 53 by a shear pin 61. The sludge passes inside. the sleeve 52, then the elongate 51 and finally the drive tube 11.
  • a second ball 62 of diameter greater than that of the sleeve 52 is sent into the drill string. It comes to apply to the inlet of the sleeve 52 by plugging the passage. By the mechanical shock of the ball and the immediate and strong increase in pressure, the pin 61 is sheared and the sleeve 52 can slide downstream.
  • a peripheral groove 64 of the sleeve 52 is placed in front of the second elastic clamping collar 59 and the latter is housed therein, thus securing the sleeve 52 and the fixed bushings 53 and 54, and thus the joining element 57 of the tubular body 1.
  • the first elastic clamping collar 55 is housed in a peripheral groove 63 provided between the extension 51 and the drive tube 11, which is returned to its initial position, which secures them with the sleeve 52. In this position, the drive tube is captured by the tubular body 1 and it can not move.
  • the sludge can, in this capture position, continue to circulate by passing laterally around the ball 62 in a space 67 formed between the sleeve 53 and the sleeve 52, then in the lateral holes 66 and finally in the sleeve 52.
  • the driving piston is driven in its axial displacements by totally or partially mechanical means located for example above the tool.
  • the tool comprises a latch which, in a closed position, axially holds the locking device capture in an unactivated position and an electrical controller connected to the latch and capable of controlling a movement of the latch in an open position in which the capture device is moved to its capture position.
  • each knife element 5 there are several corner elements, for example two corner elements 80 and 81 which are rigidly connected to one another, for example by a spacer 82.
  • This embodiment offers the advantage of excellent resistance to tilting of the corner elements in the grooves and thus to avoid any inadvertent jamming of the corner elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Description

La présente invention est relative à un outil d'élargissement et de stabilisation à mettre en oeuvre dans un trou de forage, comprenantThe present invention relates to a widening and stabilization tool to be implemented in a borehole, comprising

un corps tubulaire, à monter entre une première section d'un train de tiges et une deuxième section de celui-ci, ce corps tubulaire présentant une cavité axiale qui est ouverte vers l'extérieur par au moins un canal de guidage radial,
un élément de couteau agencé de manière radialement déplaçable dans chaque canal de guidage radial susdit, et
des moyens de coin qui, par un déplacement axial à l'intérieur du corps tubulaire, induisent un mouvement radial de chaque élément de couteau dans son canal de guidage.a tubular body, to be mounted between a first section of a drill string and a second section thereof, this tubular body having an axial cavity which is open outwardly by at least one radial guide channel,
a knife member arranged radially displaceable in each said radial guide channel, and
wedge means which, by axial displacement within the tubular body, induces radial movement of each knife element in its guide channel.

On connaît depuis longtemps de tels outils (voir par exemple US-A-5.368.114 , US-B-6.189.631 , US-B-6.615.933 et US-A-2003/0155155 ).Such tools have been known for a long time (see for example US Patent 5,368,114 , US-B-6189631 , US-B-6615933 and US-2003/0155155 ).

Il est devenu de plus en plus nécessaire, au cours de forages dans des formations géologiques dures et abrasives, de disposer d'outils d'élargissement pourvus de beaucoup d'éléments de couteaux, ayant la forme de bras volumineux. Les bras élargisseurs sont donc de plus en plus allongés et riches en plaquettes de coupe. Enfin, avantageusement les éléments de couteau en forme de bras élargisseurs, qui habituellement élargissent le trou de forage lors d'une descente de l'outil vers le bas, sont à présent pourvus de parties renforcées de dômes en diamant pour stabiliser l'outil pendant l'élargissement et de parties capables d'élargir le trou en remontant l'outil d'élargissement vers la surface.It has become increasingly necessary, during drilling in hard and abrasive geological formations, to have widening tools with many knife elements in the form of bulky arms. The expanding arms are therefore more and more elongated and rich in cutting inserts. Finally, advantageously the knife members in the form of expanding arms, which usually widen the borehole during downward movement of the tool, are now provided with reinforced portions of diamond domes to stabilize the tool while widening and parts capable of widening the hole by raising the enlargement tool to the surface.

Les outils connus de la technique antérieure présentent malheureusement l'inconvénient d'être adéquats uniquement pour leur mise en oeuvre dans un type de formation géologique. Lors d'un changement de formation géologique, l'outil d'élargissement doit être complètement remplacé, c'est-à-dire que tout l'outil doit être extrait du train de tiges et remplacé par un autre outil dont la configuration convient mieux pour l'élargissement du trou de forage dans la nouvelle formation géologique. Il en est de même en cas d'usure ou de défaillance des éléments de couteau. Il en résulte un coût d'exploitation important.The tools known from the prior art unfortunately have the disadvantage of being adequate only for their implementation in a type of geological formation. During a change in geological formation, the enlargement tool must be completely replaced, ie all the tool must be extracted from the drill string and replaced by another tool whose configuration is better suited for the widening of the borehole in the new geological formation. It is the same in case of wear or failure of the knife elements. This results in a significant operating cost.

La présente invention a donc pour but de mettre au point un outil d'élargissement et de stabilisation tel qu'indiqué au début, qui permette une grande souplesse d'utilisation de l'outil en fonction des formations géologiques dans lesquelles il doit élargir un trou de forage et une grande facilité de remplacement des éléments de couteau après leur usure.The present invention therefore aims to develop a widening and stabilization tool as indicated at the beginning, which allows a great flexibility of use of the tool depending on the geological formations in which it must widen a hole drilling and great ease of replacement of the knife elements after their wear.

On a résolu ce problème, suivant l'invention, par un outil d'élargissement et de stabilisation, tel qu'indiqué au début, qui comprend en outre
un tube d'entraînement qui est monté à l'intérieur de ladite cavité axiale de manière à pouvoir y effectuer des déplacements axiaux, et qui présente un axe longitudinal,
comme moyens de coin, au moins un élément de coin par élément de couteau qui est supporté à la périphérie du tube d'entraînement, ledit au moins un élément de coin et le tube d'entraînement étant capables d'effectuer entre eux un mouvement de coulissement axial relatif le long de l'axe longitudinal, et
des moyens d'arrêt qui sont capables de bloquer de manière détachable ledit au moins un élément de coin sur le tube d'entraînement dans une position de blocage dans laquelle le tube d'entraînement peut effectuer ses déplacements axiaux susdits, et ledit au moins un élément de coin est entraîné par le tube d'entraînement dans ces déplacements axiaux.This problem has been solved, according to the invention, by an enlargement and stabilization tool, as indicated at the beginning, which furthermore comprises
a drive tube which is mounted inside said axial cavity so as to be able to perform axial displacements, and which has a longitudinal axis,
as wedge means, at least one wedge element per knife element which is supported at the periphery of the drive tube, said at least one wedge member and the drive tube being capable of effecting movement between them. relative axial sliding along the longitudinal axis, and
stop means which are capable of releasably locking said at least one wedge member on the drive tube in a locking position in which the drive tube can perform said axial displacements, and said at least one wedge element is driven by the drive tube in these axial displacements.

Cet outil permet donc de remplacer aisément les éléments de coin en les détachant du tube d'entraînement sur lequel ils sont supportés. De ce fait il est possible sans difficulté de les remplacer par d'autres éléments de coin présentant une configuration différente. En face d'une formation géologique dure, on pourra prévoir des éléments de couteau qui réagissent de manière plus souple au cours de l'élargissement parce qu'ils reposent sur des éléments de coin à forte pente. En face d'une formation géologique friable, on pourra prévoir, dans le même outil, des éléments de couteau réagissant de manière plus dure, car les éléments de coin seront alors prévus avec une pente plus faible. Une telle transformation de l'outil demande donc uniquement le remplacement des éléments de coin et la substitution des éléments de couteau par d'autres adaptés à ces éléments de coin. On peut ainsi aussi prévoir dans les mêmes canaux de guidage radiaux, des éléments de couteau présentant des longueurs actives différentes, sans devoir changer d'outil.This tool therefore makes it easy to replace the corner elements by detaching them from the drive tube on which they are supported. Therefore it is possible without difficulty to replace them with other corner elements having a different configuration. In the face of a hard geological formation, it will be possible to provide knife elements which react more flexibly during the enlargement because they rely on steep corner elements. In front of a friable geological formation, it will be possible to provide, in the same tool, knife elements reacting harder, because the corner elements will then be provided with a lower slope. Such a transformation of the tool thus requires only the replacement of the corner elements and the substitution of the knife elements by others adapted to these corner elements. It is thus also possible to provide in the same radial guide channels, knife elements having different active lengths, without having to change tools.

De plus, lors de l'apparition du phénomène d'usure des éléments de couteau, ceux-ci peuvent être rapidement remplacés, ainsi qu'il sera décrit de manière plus détaillée dans la suite.In addition, when the phenomenon of wear of the knife elements occurs, they can be rapidly replaced, as will be described in more detail below.

Suivant une forme de réalisation de l'invention, le tube d'entraînement présente à sa périphérie des rainures longitudinales dans chacune desquelles au moins un élément de coin peut effectuer ledit mouvement de coulissement axial relatif, en étant retenu radialement à l'intérieur de cette rainure longitudinale.According to one embodiment of the invention, the drive tube has at its periphery longitudinal grooves in each of which at least one wedge element can perform said relative axial sliding movement, being retained radially inside this longitudinal groove.

Suivant une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, lesdits moyens d'arrêt comprennent
une butée obturant chaque rainure longitudinale à une première extrémité axiale, et
un élément de blocage amovible qui obture chaque rainure longitudinale à une deuxième extrémité axiale, opposée à la première, lorsque ledit au moins un élément de coin et ledit tube d'entraînement sont dans ladite position de blocage, et qui est entraîné par le tube d'entraînement pendant ses déplacements axiaux. On obtient ainsi, rapidement et aisément, un maintien du tube d'entraînement dans l'outil de façon qu'il effectue uniquement un mouvement de coulissement à l'intérieur du tube central, sans rotation autour de son axe.According to another embodiment of the invention, said stop means comprise
a stopper closing each longitudinal groove at a first axial end, and
a releasable locking member which closes each longitudinal groove at a second axial end, opposite the first, when said at least one wedge member and said drive tube are in said locking position, and which is driven by the during his axial movements. Thus, quickly and easily, a maintenance of the drive tube in the tool so that it performs only a sliding movement inside the central tube, without rotation about its axis.

Avantageusement, on a prévu, suivant l'invention, que ledit élément de blocage et le tube d'entraînement présentent des filets capables de coopérer pour leur fixation mutuelle dans une position d'obturation de ladite deuxième extrémité des rainures longitudinales. Dans cette position, au moins une partie de l'élément de coin est enfermée de manière totalement stationnaire dans sa rainure longitudinale correspondante fermée à ses deux extrémités.Advantageously, according to the invention, it is provided that said locking element and the drive tube have threads capable of cooperating for their mutual attachment in a closed position of said second end of the longitudinal grooves. In this position, at least a portion of the wedge element is completely stationarily enclosed in its corresponding longitudinal groove closed at both ends.

Suivant une forme perfectionnée de réalisation de l'invention, la surface interne inclinée de chaque élément de couteau et la surface externe inclinée de chaque élément de coin sur lequel est en appui l'élément de couteau sont pourvues de moyens de retenue mutuels en sens radial qui sont agencés de façon que l'élément de couteau en position haute dans son canal de guidage effectue une descente radiale vers une position basse par rétraction de la part des moyens de retenue dudit au moins un élément de coin pendant le déplacement axial de celui-ci. La poussée des éléments de couteau radialement vers l'extérieur et la rétraction de ceux-ci à l'intérieur du corps tubulaire résultent donc uniquement d'une coopération entre éléments de coin et un élément de couteau correspondant, emprisonné dans un canal qui sert uniquement au guidage radial. Il en résulte que quelle que soit la pente des surfaces coopérantes des éléments de coin et de l'élément de couteau, la longueur de ce dernier ou l'extension recherchée de celui-ci hors du corps de l'outil, le corps tubulaire reste le même et le tube d'entraînement aussi.According to an improved embodiment of the invention, the inclined inner surface of each knife element and the inclined outer surface of each wedge element on which the knife element bears is provided with mutual retaining means in the radial direction. which are arranged so that the knife element in the up position in its guide channel makes a radial descent to a low position by retraction from the retaining means of said at least one wedge element during the axial displacement thereof. this. The thrust of the knife members radially outwardly and the retraction thereof within the tubular body therefore result solely from a cooperation between wedge elements and a corresponding knife element, trapped in a channel which serves only radial guidance. As a result, regardless of the slope of the cooperating surfaces of the corner elements and the knife element, the length of the latter or the extension the tubular body remains the same and the drive tube as well.

Suivant une forme de réalisation avantageuse de l'invention, le tube d'entraînement comporte un piston qui sépare, dans le corps tubulaire, un premier tronçon dans lequel un fluide hydraulique est sous une pression intérieure et un deuxième tronçon qui est en communication avec l'extérieur par lesdits au moins un canal de guidage radiaux où sont logés lesdits au moins un élément de coin et leur élément de couteau correspondant. Par une simple différence de pression appliquée entre deux tronçons du corps tubulaire, il est possible d'entraîner longitudinalement les éléments de coin et de mettre en service les éléments de couteau pour un élargissement du trou et/ou une stabilisation de l'outil dans ce trou.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the drive tube comprises a piston which separates, in the tubular body, a first section in which a hydraulic fluid is under an internal pressure and a second section which is in communication with the external by said at least one radial guide channel which are accommodated said at least one corner element and their corresponding knife element. By a simple difference in pressure applied between two sections of the tubular body, it is possible to drive the corner elements longitudinally and to put the knife elements into service for enlargement of the hole and / or stabilization of the tool in this area. hole.

D'autres formes de réalisation de l'outil suivant l'invention sont indiquées dans les revendications annexées.Other embodiments of the tool according to the invention are indicated in the appended claims.

La présente invention concerne également un procédé pour la mise en oeuvre d'un outil d'élargissement et de stabilisation à mettre en service dans un trou de forage.The present invention also relates to a method for implementing an enlargement and stabilization tool to be put into service in a borehole.

Le procédé suivant l'invention comprend
une introduction de chaque élément de couteau muni d'au moins un élément de coin d'une manière engagée dans un canal de guidage radial correspondant de la cavité axiale du corps tubulaire,
une introduction du tube d'entraînement dans la cavité axiale du corps tubulaire, avec un coulissement relatif entre ce tube d'entraînement et ledit au moins un élément de coin radialement engagé, et
un blocage de manière détachable de chaque élément de coin sur le tube d'entraînement dans une position de blocage dans laquelle le tube d'entraînement peut effectuer des déplacements axiaux et ledit au moins un élément de coin est entraîné par le tube d'entraînement dans ces déplacements axiaux.The process according to the invention comprises
an introduction of each knife element provided with at least one wedge element in a manner engaged in a corresponding radial guide channel of the axial cavity of the tubular body,
an introduction of the drive tube into the axial cavity of the tubular body, with a relative sliding between this drive tube and said at least one radially engaged wedge member, and
releasably locking each wedge member on the drive tube in a locking position in which the drive tube is movable axially and said at least one wedge member is driven by the drive tube in these axial displacements.

Un tel procédé permet un montage et un démontage de l'outil particulièrement aisé et rapide. Un simple blocage des éléments de coin sur le tube d'entraînement dans une position appropriée permet immédiatement la mise en service de l'outil. Le tube d'entraînement peut effectuer uniquement un mouvement de coulissement axial, sans rotation autour de son axe.Such a method allows assembly and disassembly of the tool particularly easy and fast. A simple blocking of the wedge elements on the drive tube in an appropriate position immediately allows the tool to be put into service. The drive tube can perform only axial sliding movement, without rotation about its axis.

Suivant un mode de réalisation avantageux du procédé suivant l'invention, il comprend en outre, avant l'étape d'introduction de chaque élément de couteau, un agencement sur au moins une surface interne inclinée de chaque élément de couteau d'au moins un élément de coin présentant une surface externe inclinée de la même manière, de façon que ces éléments restent solidaires l'un de l'autre, pendant cette étape d'introduction, et, après l'étape de blocage susdit, éléments de couteau et éléments de coin sont désolidarisés de manière que chaque élément de couteau puisse glisser sur la surface inclinée dudit au moins un élément de coin correspondant. La désolidarisation entre les éléments de coin et les éléments de couteau peut se faire par exemple par le cisaillement, à partir d'une pression hydraulique seuil, de goupilles qui retiennent les éléments de couteau sur leurs éléments de coin, c'est-à-dire alors que l'outil d'élargissement est déjà descendu dans le trou de forage.According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, it further comprises, before the step of introducing each knife element, an arrangement on at least one inclined inner surface of each knife element of at least one wedge element having an external surface inclined in the same way, so that these elements remain integral with each other, during this introduction step, and, after the aforementioned blocking step, knife elements and elements wedges are disengaged so that each knife element can slide on the inclined surface of said at least one corresponding corner element. The separation between the corner elements and the knife elements can be done for example by shearing, from a threshold hydraulic pressure, pins which retain the knife elements on their corner elements, that is to say then say that the widening tool has already descended into the borehole.

D'autres modes de réalisation du procédé suivant l'invention sont indiqués dans les revendications annexées.Other embodiments of the method according to the invention are indicated in the appended claims.

D'autres détails et particularités de l'invention ressortiront de la description donnée ci-après à titre non limitatif et avec référence aux dessins annexés.

  • La figure 1 représente une vue en perspective partiellement brisée d'un tube d'entraînement d'outil suivant l'invention qui est muni d'éléments de coin et d'éléments de couteau.
  • La figure 2 représente une vue en perspective du tube d'entraînement.
  • Les figures 3 à 6 représentent des étapes de montage de l'outil suivant l'invention.
  • La figure 7 représente le même outil lorsque les éléments de couteaux sont en service.
  • Les figures 8 à 10 représentent une vue en coupe axiale d'une forme de réalisation d'outil suivant l'invention pourvu de part et d'autre d'éléments de jonction pour la fixation de l'outil dans le train de tiges.
  • Les figures 11 et 12 sont des vues en section transversale suivant la ligne XI-XI de la figure 9 et respectivement suivant la ligne XII-XII de cette figure.
  • Les figures 13 à 15 représentent chacune une vue en perspective partiellement brisée d'un dispositif d'activation de l'outil suivant l'invention dans trois positions différentes.
  • Les figures 16 et 17 représentent chacune une vue en perspective partiellement brisée d'un dispositif de capture du tube d'entraînement, dans deux positions différentes.
  • La figure 18 représente une vue en coupe axiale d'une variante de dispositif d'activation de l'outil suivant l'invention.
  • La figure 19 représente une vue en perspective agrandie d'une forme de réalisation d'élément de coin.
Other details and particularities of the invention will emerge from the description given below without limitation and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • The figure 1 represents a partially broken perspective view of a tool drive tube according to the invention which is provided with corner elements and knife elements.
  • The figure 2 represents a perspective view of the drive tube.
  • The Figures 3 to 6 represent steps of mounting the tool according to the invention.
  • The figure 7 represents the same tool when the knife elements are in use.
  • The Figures 8 to 10 are an axial sectional view of a tool embodiment according to the invention provided on either side of connecting elements for fixing the tool in the drill string.
  • The Figures 11 and 12 are cross-sectional views taken along line XI-XI of the figure 9 and respectively along the line XII-XII of this figure.
  • The Figures 13 to 15 each represent a partially broken perspective view of an activation device of the tool according to the invention in three different positions.
  • The Figures 16 and 17 each represent a partially broken perspective view of a capture device of the drive tube, in two different positions.
  • The figure 18 represents an axial sectional view of an alternative device for activating the tool according to the invention.
  • The figure 19 is an enlarged perspective view of a wedge member embodiment.

Ainsi qu'il est illustré en particulier sur la figure 3, l'outil suivant l'invention comprend un corps tubulaire 1 qui est à monter entre deux sections d'un train de tiges non représenté. Ce corps tubulaire 1 présente une cavité axiale 2 qui est ouverte vers l'extérieur par trois canaux de guidage radiaux 3, dont seul un est visible sur cette figure. On pourrait bien sûr prévoir un autre nombre de canaux de guidage, selon les besoins.As illustrated in particular on the figure 3 , the tool according to the invention comprises a tubular body 1 which is to be mounted between two sections of a drill string not shown. This tubular body 1 has an axial cavity 2 which is open towards the outside by three radial guide channels 3, of which only one is visible in this figure. Of course, another number of guide channels could be provided, as needed.

Dans chaque canal de guidage est agencé de manière radialement déplaçable un élément de couteau 5 et respectivement 6. Chaque élément de couteau comprend, comme illustré en détail sur la figure 1, une surface extérieure munie de plaquettes de coupe qui présente une partie avant 7 inclinée vers l'avant (c'est-à-dire vers le bas sur la figure 1) par rapport à l'axe longitudinal 8, une partie centrale 9 sensiblement parallèle à l'axe 8 et une partie arrière 10 inclinée vers l'arrière par rapport à l'axe 8. La partie avant 7 est destinée à produire un élargissement du trou de forage au cours de sa descente, la partie centrale 9 à stabiliser l'outil par rapport au trou élargi et la partie arrière 10 à produire un élargissement du trou de forage lors d'une remontée du train de tiges.In each guide channel is arranged radially movable a knife element 5 and respectively 6. Each knife element comprises, as illustrated in detail on the figure 1 an outer surface provided with cutting inserts having a front portion 7 inclined forwards (i.e., downward on the figure 1 ) relative to the longitudinal axis 8, a central portion 9 substantially parallel to the axis 8 and a rear portion 10 inclined rearwardly with respect to the axis 8. The front portion 7 is intended to produce an enlargement of the drilling during its descent, the central portion 9 to stabilize the tool relative to the enlarged hole and the rear portion 10 to produce an enlargement of the borehole during a recovery of the drill string.

L'outil suivant l'invention comprend également un tube d'entraînement 11 qui est monté à l'intérieur de la cavité axiale 2 de manière à pouvoir y effectuer des déplacements axiaux en fonction d'une pression hydraulique.The tool according to the invention also comprises a drive tube 11 which is mounted inside the axial cavity 2 so as to be able to perform axial displacements according to a hydraulic pressure.

Ainsi qu'il ressort en particulier de la figure 2, le tube d'entraînement 11 présente lui aussi une cavité axiale 12 à travers laquelle peuvent circuler les boues de forage. Le tube d'entraînement 11 comporte un piston 13 qui sépare, dans le corps tubulaire, un premier tronçon 14 (voir figure 8) ét un deuxième tronçon 15 (voir figure 9). Dans le premier tronçon 14 peut pénétrer un fluide hydrauliquement sous pression, par exemple à partir de la cavité axiale 12 du tube d'entraînement en passant par des moyens de filtration formés par les perçages 16. Le deuxième tronçon 15 du corps tubulaire 1 est en communication avec l'extérieur par les canaux de guidage 3 où sont logés les éléments de couteau 5 et 6.As is clear in particular from the figure 2 , the drive tube 11 also has an axial cavity 12 through which can flow the drilling muds. The driving tube 11 comprises a piston 13 which separates, in the tubular body, a first section 14 (see FIG. figure 8 ) and a second section 15 (see figure 9 ). In the first section 14 can penetrate a fluid hydraulically under pressure, for example from the axial cavity 12 of the drive tube passing through filtration means formed by the holes 16. The second section 15 of the tubular body 1 is in communication with the outside by the guide channels 3 where are housed the knife elements 5 and 6.

L'outil suivant l'invention comprend en outre, dans l'exemple illustré, deux éléments de coin 17 et 18 par élément de couteau, ces éléments de coin étant supportés par le tube d'entraînement 11. On peut comprendre que l'on pourrait prévoir un seul élément de coin par élément de couteau ou plus de deux, en fonction des besoins. Sur la figure 19 on représente une variante de réalisation dans laquelle deux éléments de coin sont reliés l'un à l'autre de manière rigide.The tool according to the invention further comprises, in the example illustrated, two wedge elements 17 and 18 per knife element, these wedge elements being supported by the drive tube 11. It can be understood that one could provide a single corner element per knife element or more than two, depending on the needs. On the figure 19 an embodiment variant is shown wherein two corner members are rigidly connected to each other.

Chaque élément de couteau présente au moins une surface interne inclinée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal 8. Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré il en présente deux 19 et 20. Chaque élément de coin présente une surface externe 21 inclinée de la même manière qui est en appui sur la surface interne 19 ou 20 de l'élément de couteau correspondant.Each knife element has at least one internal surface inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis 8. In the exemplary embodiment shown there are two 19 and 20. Each corner element has an outer surface 21 inclined in the same way that is resting on the inner surface 19 or 20 of the corresponding knife element.

Dans l'exemple illustré sur la figure 12, chaque élément de couteau 5 présente une section transversale en forme de U et donc chevauche l'élément de coin 17 ou 18 correspondant. Les surfaces 19 ou 20 et 21 de ces éléments, qui sont en appui l'une sur l'autre, présentent des moyens de retenue mutuels en sens radial qui, dans l'exemple illustré, se présentent sous la forme d'une rainure en queue-d'aronde et d'une cannelure 38, de forme correspondante.In the example shown on the figure 12 each knife element 5 has a U-shaped cross-section and thus overlaps the corresponding wedge element 17 or 18. The surfaces 19 or 20 and 21 of these elements, which are supported on one another, have mutual retaining means in the radial direction which, in the example illustrated, are in the form of a groove in dovetail and a groove 38, of corresponding shape.

Par ailleurs, pour le montage, les éléments de coin sont fixés sur les éléments de couteau par des broches de cisaillement 22 qui retiennent les éléments de coin par rapport aux éléments de couteau dans la position illustrée sur les figure 3 à 6. Pour ce faire, ces broches sont introduites dans une perforation 37 prévue à cet effet dans l'élément de couteau et une perforation correspondante de l'élément de coin (voir figure 11).Furthermore, for mounting, the corner elements are fixed on the knife elements by shear pins 22 which retain the corner elements with respect to the knife elements in the position illustrated in the figures. figure 3 to 6 . To do this, these pins are introduced into a perforation 37 provided for this purpose in the knife element and a corresponding perforation of the corner element (see figure 11 ).

Si l'on se reporte à la figure 2, on peut voir que le tube d'entraînement 11 est pourvu à sa périphérie de rainures longitudinales 23 dans lesquelles les éléments de coin 17 et 18 peuvent effectuer un mouvement de coulissement axial relatif par rapport au tube d'entraînement 11, comme représenté sur les figure 5 et 6.If we go back to figure 2 it can be seen that the drive tube 11 is provided at its periphery with longitudinal grooves 23 in which the wedge members 17 and 18 can effect a relative axial sliding movement with respect to the drive tube 11, as shown in FIGS. figure 5 and 6 .

Dans cet exemple de réalisation, les rainures sont limitées latéralement par des lèvres 24 dirigées l'une vers l'autre qui rétrécissent l'ouverture des rainures vers l'extérieur. Dans une position centrale des rainures, ces lèvres sont supprimées en formant un évasement 25 qui permet une pénétration en sens radial d'au moins une partie de l'élément de coin correspondant.In this embodiment, the grooves are limited laterally by lips 24 directed toward each other which narrow the opening of the grooves outwards. In a central position of the grooves, these lips are removed by forming a flare 25 which allows radial penetration of at least a portion of the corresponding corner member.

Les éléments de coin présentent dans cet exemple de réalisation une conformation avec saillies latérales qui peuvent être glissées en dessous des lèvres 24 susdites.The corner elements present in this embodiment a conformation with lateral projections that can be slid below the lips 24 aforesaid.

L'outil suivant l'invention comporte en outre des moyens d'arrêt qui sont capables de bloquer de manière détachable les éléments de coin 17, 18 sur le tube d'entraînement 11, en permettant les déplacements axiaux de celui-ci.The tool according to the invention further comprises stop means which are capable of releasably locking the wedge members 17, 18 on the drive tube 11, allowing the axial displacements thereof.

Les moyens d'arrêt comportent une butée 26 qui limite longitudinalement chaque rainure longitudinale 23. Dans l'exemple illustré, il s'agit d'une paroi qui termine la rainure du côté piston. Les moyens d'arrêt comportent également un manchon fileté 27 qui peut être vissé sur l'extrémité filetée 28 du tube d'entraînement. Après vissage le manchon fileté 27 ferme les rainures longitudinales 23 du côté opposé au piston.The stop means comprise a stop 26 which longitudinally limits each longitudinal groove 23. In the example illustrated, it is a wall which terminates the groove on the piston side. The stop means also includes a threaded sleeve 27 which can be screwed onto the threaded end 28 of the drive tube. After screwing the threaded sleeve 27 closes the longitudinal grooves 23 on the opposite side to the piston.

Après vissage, lors du coulissement axial du tube d'entraînement 11, celui-ci peut être amené de la position représentée sur la figure 6 à la position représentée sur la figure 7. Il entraîne alors avec lui les éléments de coin qui sont emprisonnés dans la rainure longitudinale entre la butée 26 et le manchon fileté 27 ainsi que par les lèvres 24. Lors de leur mouvement, les éléments de coin induisent alors un mouvement radial de chaque élément de couteau 5, 6 dans son canal de guidage 3. En effet, les éléments de couteau sont bloqués contre tout déplacement axial par des parois avant 34 et arrière 35 de leur canal de guidage, et ils effectuent donc un mouvement d'ascension ou de descente dans celui-ci entre la position basse (retrait) illustrée sur la figure 6 et la position haute (expansion) illustrée sur la figure 7.After screwing, during the axial sliding of the drive tube 11, it can be brought from the position shown on the figure 6 at the position shown on the figure 7 . It then carries with it the corner elements which are trapped in the longitudinal groove between the stop 26 and the threaded sleeve 27 as well as by the lips 24. During their movement, the wedge elements then induce a radial movement of each element of 5, 6 in its guide channel 3. In fact, the knife elements are blocked against any axial displacement by the front walls 34 and 35 of their rear guide channel, and they therefore perform a movement of ascent or descent in it between the low position (withdrawal) shown on the figure 6 and the high position (expansion) illustrated on the figure 7 .

Avantageusement le piston 13 présente un passage sous la forme d'au moins un conduit de petit diamètre 36 (voir figure 9) qui permet une communication entre le tronçon sous pression 14 (voir figure 8) du corps tubulaire et le tronçon 15 (voir figure 9) qui est en communication avec l'extérieur. L'étranglement réalisé par ce conduit 36 a pour effet une injection sous haute pression de jets de fluide hydraulique dans le tronçon 15. Ceci permet d'empêcher une pénétration dans l'outil de la boue de forage qui circule à l'extérieur du train de tiges et de nettoyer les éléments de coin, les éléments de couteau et les canaux de guidage radiaux.Advantageously, the piston 13 has a passage in the form of at least one small diameter duct 36 (see FIG. figure 9 ) which allows communication between the pressure section 14 (see figure 8 ) of the tubular body and the section 15 (see figure 9 ) who is in communication with the outside. The constriction achieved by this duct 36 has the effect of injecting high pressure hydraulic fluid jets in the section 15. This makes it possible to prevent penetration into the tool of the drilling mud which circulates outside the train. of stems and cleaning the corner elements, knife elements and radial guide channels.

Le procédé pour la mise en oeuvre de l'outil suivant l'invention va à présent être décrit plus en détail ci-dessous.The method for implementing the tool according to the invention will now be described in more detail below.

Ainsi qu'il ressort de la figure 1, chaque élément de couteau 5 est muni, dans l'exemple illustré, de deux éléments de coin 17 et 18. Pour cela, les cannelures en queue-d'aronde 38 des éléments de coin (v. figure 12) sont glissées à l'intérieur des rainures en queue-d'aronde correspondantes de l'élément de couteau, jusque dans la position illustrée sur la figure 1. Puis, chaque élément de coin est fixé à son élément de couteau par une goupille de cisaillement 22 qui traverse chaque élément de coin et au moins un orifice 37 prévu dans l'élément de couteau (voir figure 11). De cette manière, les éléments de coin et l'élément de couteau restent solidaires pendant les opérations de montage.As is apparent from the figure 1 each knife element 5 is provided, in the illustrated example, with two wedge elements 17 and 18. For this purpose, the dovetail grooves 38 of the corner elements (v. figure 12 ) are slid into the corresponding dovetail grooves of the knife element into the position shown on the figure 1 . Then, each corner member is attached to its knife member by a shear pin 22 which passes through each corner member and at least one hole 37 provided in the knife member (see FIG. figure 11 ). In this way, the corner elements and the knife element remain integral during the assembly operations.

L'élément de couteau 5 muni de ses deux éléments de coin est alors introduit axialement ou, comme illustré à la figure 3, radialement en oblique à l'intérieur de la cavité 2 du corps tubulaire 1 dans le sens de la flèche F1. Lorsque l'élément de couteau 5 se présente en face du canal de guidage radial 3 qui lui correspond, il est tiré radialement vers l'extérieur dans le sens de la flèche F2 (v. figure 4) et cela manuellement ou à l'aide d'une machine, et il est maintenu dans cette position engagée.The knife element 5 provided with its two corner elements is then introduced axially or, as illustrated in FIG. figure 3 radially obliquely inside the cavity 2 of the tubular body 1 in the direction of the arrow F1. When the knife element 5 is opposite the corresponding radial guide channel 3, it is pulled radially outwards in the direction of arrow F2 (see FIG. figure 4 ) and this manually or using a machine, and it is maintained in this engaged position.

Avantageusement, le manchon fileté 27, muni d'un joint d'étanchéité 29 dans lequel il est capable de coulisser, est introduit par le bas dans la cavité axiale 2. Le joint est maintenu en position entre l'extrémité filetée du manchon 27 et un ressort de rappel non représenté.Advantageously, the threaded sleeve 27, provided with a seal 29 in which it is capable of sliding, is introduced by the down in the axial cavity 2. The seal is held in position between the threaded end of the sleeve 27 and a return spring not shown.

L'étape suivante est aussi illustrée sur la figure 4. Le tube d'entraînement 11 est introduit dans le sens de la flèche F3 dans la cavité axiale 2 du corps tubulaire 1.The next step is also illustrated on the figure 4 . The drive tube 11 is introduced in the direction of the arrow F3 into the axial cavity 2 of the tubular body 1.

Lorsque l'évasement 25 des rainures longitudinales 23 du tube d'entraînement 11 parviennent en face des éléments de coin 17 (voir figure 4), les éléments de coin 18 sont situés en face de l'extrémité filetée 28 du tube d'entraînement.When the flaring 25 of the longitudinal grooves 23 of the driving tube 11 reach the corner elements 17 (see FIG. figure 4 ), the wedge members 18 are located opposite the threaded end 28 of the drive tube.

Les éléments de couteau sont alors, comme illustré sur le figure 5, enfoncés dans le sens de la flèche F4 dans leur canal de guidage. Les éléments de coin 17 pénètrent radialement dans les rainures longitudinales, par les évasements 25, et les éléments de coin 18 présentent leurs saillies latérales en position pour pouvoir passer en dessous des lèvres 24 des rainures longitudinales 23.The knife elements are then, as illustrated on the figure 5 , pressed in the direction of the arrow F4 in their guide channel. The corner elements 17 penetrate radially into the longitudinal grooves, through the flares 25, and the corner members 18 have their lateral projections in position to be able to pass below the lips 24 of the longitudinal grooves 23.

La figure 6 illustre un coulissement relatif entre le tube d'entraînement 11 et les éléments de coin 17 et 18. Le tube d'entraînement s'enfonce partiellement dans le manchon fileté 27. Les éléments de coin 17 pénètrent dans la partie haute des rainures longitudinales qui sont dépourvues d'évasement et les éléments de coin 18 pénètrent dans la partie basse de ces rainures.The figure 6 illustrates a relative sliding between the drive tube 11 and the wedge members 17 and 18. The drive tube partially sinks into the threaded sleeve 27. The wedge members 17 penetrate into the upper part of the longitudinal grooves which are without flaring and corner elements 18 penetrate the lower part of these grooves.

Le manchon fileté 27 est alors vissé par le bas. En position de vissage, les éléments de coin 17, 18 sont emprisonnés dans les rainures longitudinales 23 entre les butées 26 et le manchon fileté 27, et elles sont immobilisées radialement par les lèvres 24.The threaded sleeve 27 is then screwed down. In the screwing position, the wedge elements 17, 18 are trapped in the longitudinal grooves 23 between the stops 26 and the threaded sleeve 27, and they are immobilized radially by the lips 24.

Dans cette position, il n'y a plus de coulissement axial relatif entre les éléments de coin et le tube d'entraînement. Celui-ci entraîne les éléments de coin dans ses déplacements axiaux.In this position, there is no longer relative axial sliding between the corner elements and the drive tube. This drives the corner elements in its axial displacements.

La figure 7 illustre un déplacement axial vers le bas du tube d'entraînement 11. Les éléments de couteau 5, 6 ont glissé sur la pente des éléments de coin 17, 18 jusque dans la position expansée, illustrée.The figure 7 illustrates axial downward movement of the drive tube 11. The knife elements 5, 6 have slid on the slope of the wedge members 17, 18 into the expanded position illustrated.

Comme on peut le constater le montage et bien sûr le démontage également de l'outil sont très simples et rapides. Les éléments de couteau peuvent aisément être remplacés par des nouveaux et d'autres modèles de couteau peuvent être introduits dans l'outil, sans devoir remplacer l'outil lui-même.As can be seen the assembly and of course the disassembly of the tool are very simple and fast. The knife elements can easily be replaced by new ones and other knife models can be introduced into the tool without having to replace the tool itself.

L'outil suivant l'invention comporte également un dispositif d'activation qui est capable de maintenir axialement le tube d'entraînement 11 dans sa position initiale représentée sur les figures 8, 9 et 10. C'est dans cette position de retrait des éléments de couteau que l'outil est descendu dans le trou de forage.The tool according to the invention also comprises an activation device which is capable of axially holding the drive tube 11 in its initial position shown on the figures 8 , 9 and 10 . It is in this position of withdrawal of the knife elements that the tool is lowered into the borehole.

Dans l'exemple illustré sur les figures 8 à 10, ce dispositif d'activation comprend une goupille de cisaillement 39 qui traverse un orifice 40 prévu dans le corps tubulaire en pénétrant dans un trou borgne prévu sur un tube de prolongement 41 appliqué contre le manchon 27 vissé au tube d'entraînement 11. Lorsque la pression hydraulique appliquée sur le piston 13 est inférieure à un seuil déterminé, la goupille empêche tout déplacement axial du tube de prolongement 41. Lorsque ce seuil est dépassé, la goupille 39 est cisaillée, et le tube d'entraînement peut coulisser dans le corps tubulaire 1.In the example shown on the Figures 8 to 10 , this activating device comprises a shear pin 39 which passes through an orifice 40 provided in the tubular body by penetrating into a blind hole provided on an extension tube 41 applied against the sleeve 27 screwed to the drive tube 11. When the hydraulic pressure applied to the piston 13 is below a predetermined threshold, the pin prevents axial displacement of the extension tube 41. When this threshold is exceeded, the pin 39 is sheared, and the drive tube can slide in the tubular body 1.

Comme on peut le voir en particulier sur les figures 9 et 10, l'outil suivant l'invention est aussi muni, dans l'exemple illustré, d'un ressort de rappel 42 qui prend appui d'une part sur le tube de prolongement 41 et d'autre part sur un élément de jonction 43, fixé sur le corps tubulaire 1 et permettant d'insérer celui-ci dans le train de tiges. Lorsque, sous l'action de la pression, le tube d'entraînement 11 est déplacé, le ressort de rappel est comprimé,. Lorsque la pression diminue, le tube d'entraînement 11 est rappelé vers sa position initiale illustrée sur les figures 8 à 10.As can be seen in particular on figures 9 and 10 , the tool according to the invention is also provided, in the illustrated example, with a return spring 42 which is supported on the one hand on the extension tube 41 and on the other hand on a joining element 43, fixed on the tubular body 1 and for inserting it into the drill string. When, under the action of pressure, the drive tube 11 is displaced, the return spring is compressed. When the pressure decreases, the driving tube 11 is returned to its initial position illustrated on the Figures 8 to 10 .

Suivant un autre exemple de réalisation illustré sur les figures 13 à 15, le dispositif d'activation comprend, à l'extrémité du tube de prolongement 41, une douille 44 qui enveloppe cette extrémité. Le tube de prolongement est pourvu à son extrémité inférieure de plusieurs trous latéraux 45. La douille 44 est prévue de manière à pouvoir coulisser à l'intérieur d'un manchon 46 qui est incorporé de manière fixe dans l'élément de jonction 43. Une goupille de cisaillement 47 retient en place la douille 44 par-dessus l'extrémité du tube de prolongement 41, dans la position initiale du tube d'entraînement et la douille 44 empêche tout déplacement axial du tube de prolongement 41 et donc du tube d'entraînement 11. Les boues de forage passent à travers le tube d'entraînement 11, le manchon fileté 27, le tube de prolongement 41 et le manchon 46 et rejoignent ensuite le train de tiges.According to another exemplary embodiment illustrated on the Figures 13 to 15 , the activation device comprises, at the end of the extension tube 41, a sleeve 44 which envelops this end. The extension tube is provided at its lower end with a plurality of lateral holes 45. The sleeve 44 is slidably provided within a sleeve 46 which is fixedly incorporated in the connecting member 43. A pin shear 47 holds the sleeve 44 in place over the end of the extension tube 41, in the initial position of the drive tube and the sleeve 44 prevents axial displacement of the extension tube 41 and therefore of the drive tube 11. The drilling muds pass through the drive tube 11, the threaded sleeve 27, the extension tube 41 and the sleeve 46 and then join the drill string.

On peut alors lancer à partir de la surface une bille d'activation 48 qui vient se loger contre un rétrécissement terminal 49 du tube de prolongement 41. L'application de cette bille comme représenté sur la figure 14 a pour effet, d'une part, un choc mécanique sur la goupille de cisaillement 47, et, d'autre part, une obturation du passage axial des boues, et donc une augmentation énorme de la pression exercée sur le piston 13 du tube d'entraînement 11. Il en résulte immédiatement un cisaillement de la goupille 47, comme représenté sur la figure 14, et un coulissement vers le bas du tube d'entraînement. Par la pression créée à l'intérieur de l'espace situé en amont de la douille 44, celle-ci est projetée vers le bas jusque dans la position illustrée sur la figure 14 où elle est immobilisée par une butée 50. Le coulissement du tube d'entraînement 11 et donc du manchon fileté 27 et du tube de prolongement 41 est arrêté avant que le tube de prolongement 41 n'atteigne la douille 44 dans sa position immobilisée. Par conséquent, la circulation des boues est alors rétablie par l'intermédiaire des trous latéraux 45. Dans cette position, illustrée sur la figure 14, le tube d'entraînement 11 est libéré et peut développer ses mouvements de coulissement axiaux. Lorsque la pression hydraulique diminue, le ressort de rappel 42 ramène le tube d'entraînement vers sa position initiale, comme représenté par exemple sur la figure 15.It is then possible to launch from the surface an activating ball 48 which is lodged against a terminal narrowing 49 of the extension tube 41. The application of this ball as shown in FIG. figure 14 has the effect, on the one hand, a mechanical shock on the shear pin 47, and on the other hand, a closure of the axial passage of the sludge, and therefore a huge increase in the pressure exerted on the piston 13 of the tube 11. This immediately results in shearing of the pin 47, as shown in FIG. figure 14 and sliding down the drive tube. By the pressure created inside the space located upstream of the sleeve 44, the latter is projected downwards to the position illustrated on the figure 14 where it is immobilized by a stop 50. The sliding of the drive tube 11 and thus of the threaded sleeve 27 and the extension tube 41 is stopped before the extension tube 41 reaches the sleeve 44 in its immobilized position. As a result, the sludge circulation is then restored via the side holes 45. In this position, illustrated in FIG. figure 14 , the drive tube 11 is released and can develop its axial sliding movements. When the hydraulic pressure decreases, the return spring 42 returns the drive tube to its initial position, as represented for example on the figure 15 .

Suivant encore une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention on pourrait imaginer un élément de verrou, usuel en soi, qui maintient axialement le tube d'entraînement 11 dans le corps tubulaire 1 en position initiale.According to yet another embodiment of the invention one could imagine a lock element, usual in itself, which axially maintains the drive tube 11 in the tubular body 1 in the initial position.

Une commande électrique connue en soi est par exemple située en surface et, comme illustré sur la figure 18, connectée au verrou 70 par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif électronique 71, qui peut être commandé par pulsations de fluide. Le dispositif électronique peut alors à son tour commander un déplacement du verrou par un activateur de verrou 72, et cela dans une position d'ouverture dans laquelle il libère le tube d'entraînement.An electric control known per se is for example located on the surface and, as illustrated on the figure 18 connected to the latch 70 via an electronic device 71, which can be controlled by pulsations of fluid. The electronic device can then in turn control a movement of the latch by a latch activator 72, and this in an open position in which it releases the drive tube.

L'outil suivant l'invention peut aussi avantageusement être pourvu d'un dispositif de capture du tube d'entraînement. Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré sur les figures 16 et 17, le tube d'entraînement 11 est pourvu d'une allonge tubulaire 51 fixée sur lui. Cette allonge 51 est entourée d'un manchon 52 capable de coulisser par-dessus ladite allonge 51 et à l'intérieur de deux douilles successives 53 et 54 reliées entre elles de manière fixe. Ces douilles 53 et 54 sont elles-mêmes encastrées de manière stationnaire à l'intérieur d'un élément de jonction 57 relié de manière fixe au corps tubulaire 1 pour permettre son insertion dans un train de tiges.The tool according to the invention can also advantageously be provided with a capture device of the drive tube. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated on the Figures 16 and 17 , the drive tube 11 is provided with a tubular extension 51 fixed on it. This elongate 51 is surrounded by a sleeve 52 capable of sliding over said elongate 51 and inside two successive bushes 53 and 54 interconnected in a fixed manner. These bushings 53 and 54 are themselves stationarily embedded within a junction member 57 fixedly connected to the tubular body 1 to allow its insertion into a string of rods.

Un premier collier de serrage élastique 55 est logé dans une rainure interne 58 du manchon 52 et peut donc coulisser avec lui sur l'allonge 51. Un second collier de serrage élastique 59 est logé dans une rainure interne 60 formée entre les deux douilles 53 et 54, de manière à pouvoir coulisser sur le manchon 52.A first elastic clamping collar 55 is housed in an internal groove 58 of the sleeve 52 and can therefore slide with it on the elongate member 51. A second elastic clamping collar 59 is housed in an internal groove 60 formed between the two bushes 53 and 54, so as to slide on the sleeve 52.

Dans la position initiale du tube d'entraînement 11 ainsi que pendant la mise en service de l'outil le manchon 52 est maintenu axialement à l'intérieur de la douille fixe 53 par une goupille de cisaillement 61. Les boues passent à l'intérieur du manchon 52, puis de l'allonge 51 et enfin du tube d'entraînement 11.In the initial position of the driving tube 11 and during the putting into service of the tool the sleeve 52 is held axially inside the fixed bushing 53 by a shear pin 61. The sludge passes inside. the sleeve 52, then the elongate 51 and finally the drive tube 11.

Lorsque le fonctionnement de l'outil doit être arrêté, par exemple pour être remonté à la surface, une seconde bille 62 de diamètre supérieur à celui du manchon 52 est envoyée dans le train de tiges. Elle vient s'appliquer à l'entrée du manchon 52 en bouchant le passage. Par le choc mécanique de la bille et l'augmentation immédiate et forte de la pression, la goupille 61 est cisaillée et le manchon 52 peut effectuer un coulissement vers l'aval.When the operation of the tool must be stopped, for example to be raised to the surface, a second ball 62 of diameter greater than that of the sleeve 52 is sent into the drill string. It comes to apply to the inlet of the sleeve 52 by plugging the passage. By the mechanical shock of the ball and the immediate and strong increase in pressure, the pin 61 is sheared and the sleeve 52 can slide downstream.

Lors de ce coulissement, une rainure périphérique 64 du manchon 52 vient se placer en face du second collier de serrage élastique 59 et ce dernier vient s'y loger, en solidarisant ainsi le manchon 52 et les douilles fixes 53 et 54, et donc l'élément de jonction 57 du corps tubulaire 1. Ensuite, lorsqu'on diminue la pression, le premier collier de serrage élastique 55 vient se loger dans une rainure périphérique 63 prévue entre l'allonge 51 et le tube d'entraînement 11, qui est remonté dans sa position initiale, ce qui solidarise ceux-ci avec le manchon 52. Dans cette position, le tube d'entraînement est capturé par le corps tubulaire 1 et il ne peut plus bouger. Comme l'extrémité amont du manchon 52 est pourvue de trous latéraux 66, les boues peuvent, dans cette position de capture, continuer à circuler en passant latéralement autour de la bille 62 dans un espace 67 ménagé entre la douille 53 et le manchon 52, puis dans les trous latéraux 66 et enfin dans le manchon 52.During this sliding, a peripheral groove 64 of the sleeve 52 is placed in front of the second elastic clamping collar 59 and the latter is housed therein, thus securing the sleeve 52 and the fixed bushings 53 and 54, and thus the joining element 57 of the tubular body 1. Then, when the pressure is reduced, the first elastic clamping collar 55 is housed in a peripheral groove 63 provided between the extension 51 and the drive tube 11, which is returned to its initial position, which secures them with the sleeve 52. In this position, the drive tube is captured by the tubular body 1 and it can not move. As the upstream end of the sleeve 52 is provided with lateral holes 66, the sludge can, in this capture position, continue to circulate by passing laterally around the ball 62 in a space 67 formed between the sleeve 53 and the sleeve 52, then in the lateral holes 66 and finally in the sleeve 52.

Il doit être entendu que la présente invention n'est en aucune façon limitée aux formes de réalisation décrites ci-dessus et que bien des modifications peuvent y être apportées sans sortir du cadre des revendications annexées.It should be understood that the present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described above and that many modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

On peut aussi envisager que le piston d'entraînement soit entraîné dans ses déplacements axiaux par des moyens totalement ou partiellement mécaniques situés par exemple au-dessus de l'outil.It is also conceivable that the driving piston is driven in its axial displacements by totally or partially mechanical means located for example above the tool.

On peut enfin prévoir que l'outil comprenne un verrou qui, dans une position de fermeture, maintient axialement le dispositif de capture dans une position non activée et un organe de commande électrique, connecté au verrou et capable de commander un déplacement du verrou dans une position d'ouverture dans laquelle le dispositif de capture est déplacé dans sa position de capture.Finally, it can be provided that the tool comprises a latch which, in a closed position, axially holds the locking device capture in an unactivated position and an electrical controller connected to the latch and capable of controlling a movement of the latch in an open position in which the capture device is moved to its capture position.

On peut aussi envisager, comme représenté sur la figure 19 que, pour chaque élément de couteau 5, il y ait plusieurs éléments de coin, par exemple deux éléments de coin 80 et 81 qui sont reliés l'un à l'autre de manière rigide par exemple par une entretoise 82.One can also consider, as represented on the figure 19 that for each knife element 5, there are several corner elements, for example two corner elements 80 and 81 which are rigidly connected to one another, for example by a spacer 82.

Cette forme de réalisation offre l'avantage d'une excellente résistance au basculement des éléments de coin dans les rainures et donc d'éviter tout coinçage intempestif des éléments de coin.This embodiment offers the advantage of excellent resistance to tilting of the corner elements in the grooves and thus to avoid any inadvertent jamming of the corner elements.

Claims (23)

  1. Underreaming and stabilisation tool to be used in a borehole, comprising
    a tubular body (1) to be mounted between a first section of a string and a second section thereof, this tubular body having an axial cavity (2) that is open towards the outside through at least one radial guide channel (3),
    a blade element(5, 6) arranged so as to be radially movable in each aforementioned radial guide channel (3), and
    wedge means that, through an axial movement inside the tubular body, cause a radial movement of each blade element in its guide channel,
    characterised in that it also comprises
    a drive tube (11) that is mounted inside the said axial cavity (2) so as to be able to make axial movements therein and that has a longitudinal axis (8),
    as wedge means, at least one wedge element (17, 18) per blade element (5, 6) that is supported at the periphery of the drive tube (11), the said at least one wedge element and the drive tube being capable of effecting between them a relative axial sliding movement along the longitudinal axis (8), and
    stop means that are capable of detachably locking the said at least one wedge element on the drive tube (11) in a locking position in which the drive tube can make its aforementioned axial movements, and the said at least one wedge element is driven by the drive tube (11) in these axial movements.
  2. Tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the drive tube (11) has at its periphery
    longitudinal grooves (23) in each of which at least one wedge element (17, 18) can make the said relative axial sliding movement, while being held radially inside this longitudinal groove.
  3. Tool according to claim 2, characterised in that the said stop means comprise a stop closing each longitudinal groove at a first axial end, and
    a removable locking element that closes each longitudinal groove at a second axial end, opposite to the first, when the said at least one wedge element and the drive tube are in the said locking position, and which is driven by the drive tube during its axial movements.
  4. Tool according to claim 3, characterised in that the said locking element is the drive tube having threads capable of cooperating for their mutual fixing in a position of closure of the said second end of the longitudinal grooves.
  5. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that each blade element (5, 6) has at least one internal surface (19, 20) inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis (8) of the drive tube, and in that each wedge element (17, 18) has an external surface (21) that is inclined in the same way with respect to the said longitudinal axis and on which one of the said at least one inclined surface of a blade element is in abutment, in that each blade element is locked against any axial movement by front and rear walls (34, 35) of its guide channel (3) and in that, when the said at least one wedge element is driven axially by the drive tube, the corresponding blade element makes a rising or descending movement in its radial guide channel, sliding over the inclined surface of the said at least one wedge element, the blade element projecting out of the tubular body in the high position.
  6. Tool according to claim 5, characterised in that the said at least one inclined internal surface (19, 20) of each blade element and the said inclined external surface (21) of each wedge element on which the main element is in abutment are provided with means (38) of mutual holding in the radial direction that are arranged so that the blade element in the high position in its guide channel makes a radial descent towards a low position by retraction on the part of the means of holding the said at least one wedge element during the axial movement thereof.
  7. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the drive tube (11) comprises a piston (13) that separates, in the tubular body, a first portion (14) in which a hydraulic fluid is situated at an internal pressure and a second portion (15) that is in communication with the outside through the said at least one radial guide channel (3) where the said at least one wedge element and their corresponding blade element are housed.
  8. Tool according to claim 7, characterised in that it also comprises, at each blade element, at least one pin (22) that temporarily connects the latter to at least one wedge element by preventing any movement of one with respect to the other, when the internal hydraulic pressure is below a given threshold, and that is sheared when this hydraulic pressure is above this threshold.
  9. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that each blade element is supported by at least two wedge elements (17, 18).
  10. Tool according to claim 9, characterised in that the wedge elements supporting one and the same blade element are connected to each other rigidly.
  11. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that each blade element comprises an external surface provided with cutting tips that has a front part (7) inclined towards the front with respect to the said longitudinal axis (8) and intended to produce a widening of the drilling hole, a central part (9) substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis and intended to stabilise the tool with respect to the widened hole, and a rear part (10) inclined towards the rear with respect to the longitudinal axis and intended to produce a widening of the drilling hole when the string rises again.
  12. Tool according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterised in that it comprises a communication between the drive tube (11) through which a hydraulic fluid passes under pressure and the said first portion (14) and at least one throttled passage (36) through the said piston (13) allowing an injection into the said second portion (15) of jets of hydraulic fluid preventing entry, into the said second portion, of a drilling fluid situated outside the tubular body (1).
  13. Tool according to claim 12, characterised in that the said communication between the drive tube (11) and the said first portion (14) comprises means of filtering the fluid (16).
  14. Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that it comprises
    an activation device that holds the drive tube axially inside the tubular body (1) in an initial position, in which the said at least one wedge element (17, 18) and each blade element are situated in a low position of the blade element in its guide channel (3), and that is capable of releasing the drive tube (11) at an appropriate moment, thus enabling it to make the said axial movements according to a hydraulic fluid pressure, and
    at least one return spring (42) that opposes these axial movements and returns the drive tube to its initial position when the hydraulic pressure decreases.
  15. Tool according to claim 14, characterised in that the activation device comprises at least one shear pin (39, 47) which, when the hydraulic pressure is less than a given threshold, holds the drive tube axially inside the tubular body in the said initial position, and which, when the hydraulic pressure is above this threshold, is sheared, thus allowing an axial movement of the drive tube in the tubular body, and simultaneously a radial rising of each blade element in this guide channel.
  16. Tool according to claim 14, characterised in that the activation device also comprises
    a bolt which, in a closure position, holds the drive tube axially inside the tubular body in the said initial position, and
    an electronic control device, connected to the bolt and capable of controlling a movement of the bolt in an opening position in which it releases the drive tube.
  17. Tool according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterised in that it also comprises, inside the tubular body (1), a capture device that can be activated in a capture position in which the drive tube (11) is captured by this device when, under the action of the return spring (42) it regains its initial position.
  18. Method for using a tool according to any one claims 1 to 17, characterised in that it comprises
    an introduction of each blade element provided with at least one wedge element so as to be engaged in a corresponding radial guide channel in the axial cavity of the tubular body,
    introduction of the drive tube into the axial cavity of the tubular body with a relative sliding between this drive tube and the said at least one radially engaged wedge element, and
    detachable locking of each wedge element on the drive tube in a locking position in which the drive tube can make axial movements and the said at least one wedge element is driven by the drive tube in these axial movements.
  19. Method according to claim 18, characterised in that it also comprises, before the step of introducing each blade element, an arrangement on at least one inclined internal surface of each blade element of at least one wedge element having an external surface inclined in the same way, so that these elements remain secured to each other during this step of introducing each blade element, and in that, after the aforementioned locking step, blade elements and wedge elements are disconnected so that each blade element can slide over the inclined surface of the said at least one corresponding wedge element.
  20. Method according to one or other of claims 18 and 19, characterised in that it also comprises, after descent of the tool according to the invention in a borehole,
    an increase in pressure of a hydraulic fluid inside a portion of the tubular body that has the effect of an axial sliding of the drive tube with respect to an initial position where each blade element is in a low position in its guide channel, with driving of the said at least one wedge element in this sliding movement, and
    a sliding of each blade element on its at least one driven wedge element, with a radial rising in its radial guide channel so as to project out of the tubular body.
  21. Method according to claim 20, characterised in that it comprises, from a first portion of the tubular body in which the hydraulic fluid is situated at an internal pressure, a partial injection of this fluid in a second portion, which is in communication with the outside through the said at least one radial guide channel, where the said at least one wedge element and their corresponding blade element are housed, to prevent penetration into the said second portion of a drilling fluid situated outside the tubular body.
  22. Method according to either one of claims 20 and 21, characterised in that it comprises, when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid increases,
    first of all a temporary maintenance of the drive tube in its initial position by at least one shear pin, and
    when the internal pressure has exceeded a given threshold, a shearing of the said at least one shear pin.
  23. Method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterised in that it also comprises
    a subsequent reduction in the pressure of the hydraulic fluid,
    a return of the drive tube to its initial position, with radial descent of each blade element in its radial guide channel, and
    capture of the drive tube in its initial position.
EP05797916A 2005-10-11 2005-10-11 Under-reaming and stabilizing tool for use in a borehole and method for using same Ceased EP1934426B1 (en)

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PCT/BE2005/000145 WO2007041811A1 (en) 2005-10-11 2005-10-11 Under-reaming and stabilizing tool for use in a borehole and method for using same

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EP1934426B1 true EP1934426B1 (en) 2009-03-04

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EP (1) EP1934426B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2624697C (en)
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CA2624697C (en) 2012-12-04
CA2624697A1 (en) 2007-04-19
US7958951B2 (en) 2011-06-14
NO20082043L (en) 2008-07-11
WO2007041811A1 (en) 2007-04-19
EP1934426A1 (en) 2008-06-25
US20100096191A1 (en) 2010-04-22
US7654342B2 (en) 2010-02-02
US20080251295A1 (en) 2008-10-16

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