EP1933348B1 - High voltage circuit breaker with a gear with dead-center position - Google Patents

Abstract

The electrical circuit breaker has a gear (2) for transferring the movement of a first contact piece (10) to movement of a second contact piece (20). The gear has a first dead point which is passed through during the movement of the first contact piece in the contact-subrange. An independent claim is also included for a method for contact disconnection of an electrical circuit breaker.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates generally to electrical circuit breakers, and more particularly to dual power electrical circuit breakers. The invention also relates to methods of contact separation in an electrical circuit breaker.

State of the art

Switches in which a consumable contact, such as a quenching tulip, for separating an electrical connection from a further consumable contact, such as a pen, is moved away are known in the art. Switches are also known in which two burn-off contacts are moved in the opposite direction.

For example, in the EP 0 809 269 a high-voltage circuit breaker with two movable, coaxial opposite arcing contact pieces described. A drive rod is attached to the Isolierstoffdüse and drives via a arranged on the switch axis two-armed lever to the opposite arcing contact piece.

In US Pat. 3,896,282 is a power isolator described with two oppositely movable contacts, which are arranged in a protective gas-filled housing. The contacts are connected by a lever mechanism which comprises a two-armed lever arranged on the switch axis with connecting rods articulated on both sides.

In the invention reference is made to the EP 0 822 565 , There, a gas blast switch with two oppositely movable contact pieces is described. The contact pieces are coupled together via the insulating material nozzle and a lever mechanism. The lever mechanism comprises a arranged on the switch axis two-armed lever with hinged on both sides connecting rods.

In the DE 100 03 359 C1 a high-voltage circuit breaker is described with a first arcing contact driving drive and a second arcing contact driving auxiliary drive. The auxiliary drive comprises three two-armed levers and is designed such that during a switch-off operation, the direction of movement of the drivable second arcing contact piece is reversible once or twice.

In the EP 1 630 840 A1 a high power switch according to the preamble of claim 1 is disclosed.

The known switches of the prior art, however, cause a movement of the contacts, which is not ideally matched in various respects. In addition, transmission of these switches are sometimes only feasible with considerable space requirements, which is unfavorable especially at Druckgasschaltem.

Presentation of the invention

Object of the present invention is to provide an improved dual drive for a circuit breaker. The object is achieved by the electrical circuit breaker according to independent claim 1 and by the method according to independent claim 13. Further advantages, features, aspects and details of the invention as well as preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the figures.

According to a first aspect of the invention, an electrical circuit breaker with special double movement of the contacts is provided. The circuit breaker typically comprises a first contact piece with a first burnup contact, in particular a tulip, and a second contact piece typically with a second burnup contact, in particular a pin. The circuit breaker further comprises a drive for moving the first contact piece in a first movement range along a switching axis, ie substantially parallel or anti-parallel to the switching axis, in particular relative to a housing, and a transmission for transmitting the movement of the first contact piece to a movement of the second contact piece. The first range of motion includes a contact portion and a separation portion. The Abbrandkontakte s in contact, ie a mechanical and electrical contact is provided when the first contact piece is in the contact portion, and they are mechanically separated from each other, ie, this is provided when the first contact piece in the separation portion located. The gear has a first dead position, which is traversed in the directed in particular in one direction along the shift axis movement of the first contact piece in the contact portion. In particular, the gear parts are dimensioned and arranged so that the first dead center is traversed.

A dead center is present when there is substantially no movement of the second contact piece during movement of the first contact piece. A dead center is already present if this is fulfilled for (infinitesimal) small movements of the first contact piece about a position in the first movement range, ie in a linear approximation. Thus, there is a dead center, when the first derivative of a lift curve, such as in Fig. 3b is shown, disappears. In particular, reversal points of the transmission, ie extremes of the lift curve, dead spots. A dead center of the transmission is usually also a dead position of a transmission part or transmission joint. Such dead position of a transmission part or transmission joint is present when there is substantially no movement of the transmission part or the transmission joint during movement of the drive side directly upstream of the transmission part.

The first dead center is in embodiments a reversal point for the pivotal movement of a preferably two-armed lever about its lever axis. The first dead center is also characterized in embodiments by a substantially right angle between a drive rod and the shift axis.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for opening a contact of an electrical circuit breaker, ie in particular for separating its Abbrandkontakte provided. The circuit breaker comprises a first contact piece with a first contact, in particular Abbrandkontakt, a second contact piece with a second contact, in particular Abbrandkontakt, and a transmission. The method comprises the following steps: the first contact piece is moved in a separating direction along a switching axis; the transmission transmits the movement of the first contact piece to a particular associated therewith movement of the second contact piece along the shift axis; and the first contact and the second contact are separated by the movement of the contact pieces. The particular assigned movement of the second switching piece changes before disconnecting the contacts at least once, in embodiments even at least twice or three times, the direction, in particular by a first dead center of the transmission is passed through.

The movement of the first contact piece comprises in embodiments an acceleration phase and then a movement phase, preferably at a substantially constant speed, and the movement of the second contact piece comprises a pre-acceleration phase which lasts until at least one or two or three changes of direction are completed or are then followed by an acceleration phase, which is characterized by a speed of the second contact piece to about 50% of its maximum speed, and then a movement phase. The acceleration phase of the second contact piece usually begins after the end of an analogously defined acceleration phase of the first contact piece. The burn-off contacts are separated in embodiments only after the end of the acceleration phase of the second contact piece.

An advantage of a dead center in the contact portion is that the speed of the second contact can be kept low at least temporarily before the contact separation. Movement of the second high-speed contact piece may be limited in embodiments of the invention to a period in which such movement is advantageous or necessary (usually only after contact separation). As a result, drive energy can be used efficiently or space can be saved. Also wear by friction can be reduced. This also applies accordingly to the reverse movement when closing the contact between the contact pieces.

The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the disclosed methods and also includes apparatus parts for carrying out individual method steps. For example, the invention also relates to a transmission for installation in a circuit breaker such that the circuit breaker has the characteristics described above or in the claims.

Brief description of the figures

Fig. 1

einen Teil eines erfindungsgemässen Leistungsschalters in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Fig. 2a-2f

Bewegungszustände beim Kontaktöffnen eines erfindungsgemässen Leistungsschalters;

Fig. 3a-3d

Hub-, Geschwindigkeits- und Beschleunigungsdiagramme beim Kontaktöffnen des in Fig. 2a-2f dargestellten Leistungsschalters;

Fig. 4a-4f

Bewegungszustände beim Kontaktöffnen eines weiteren erfindungsgemässen Leistungsschalters; und

Fig. 5a-5c

Hub- und Geschwindigkeitsdiagramme beim Kontaktöffnen des in Fig. 4a-4f dargestellten Leistungsschalters.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the figures and will be described in more detail below. Show it:

Fig. 1

a part of a circuit breaker according to the invention in a perspective view;

Fig. 2a-2f

Movement states during contact opening of a circuit breaker according to the invention;

Fig. 3a-3d

Lift, speed and acceleration diagrams when opening contact in Fig. 2a-2f illustrated circuit breaker;

Fig. 4a-4f

Movement states when contact opening a further inventive circuit breaker; and

Fig. 5a-5c

Lift and speed diagrams when opening contact in Fig. 4a-4f shown circuit breaker.

Ways to carry out the invention

Fig. 1 shows a transmission 2 of a circuit breaker according to the invention in a perspective view. The circuit breaker is typically a gas blast switch, such as used in high voltage networks. It typically includes at least some common components of such a switch, such as a shroud-filled housing, a pair of contacts, and particularly consumable contacts, and optionally a pair of rated current contacts. One of the burn-off contacts is usually designed as a tulip, the other as a pen. The burn-off contacts are displaced against each other along a switching axis. Typically, the switching axis 3 is a central axis 3, around which the Abbrandkontakte 12, 22 are arranged coaxially.

To separate an electrical contact tulip and pin can be moved apart along the switching axis 3. For this purpose, a first contact piece 10 with a first Abbrandkontakt 12, which is typically the tulip, are driven by a drive. In order to drive the second contact piece 20 with the second burnup contact 22, typically the pin, the movement of the first contact piece 10 is transmitted through a transmission 2 to the second contact piece 20.

In Fig. 1 a part of the first contact piece 10 is shown, which comprises a first sliding element 14. The first sliding element 14 is movable by a rail 16 along the switching axis 3 and by a coupling 15 to the remaining first contact piece 10 with the first Abbrandkontakt (not shown) coupled. Accordingly, the second contact piece 20 also comprises a second sliding element 24, a rail 26, and a coupling 25.

The transmission 2 is in Fig. 1 shown in a state of motion corresponding to a closed circuit breaker, ie, in which the first Abbrandkontakt 12 and the second Abbrandkontakt 22 are in contact with each other. By contact is meant a mechanical or direct electrical contact, ie the Abbrandkontakte 12, 22 are not in contact with each other, if only about an arc between them burns. In the in Fig. 1 shown state is the first contact piece 10 in maximum deflection along the switching axis 3 to the right. The first contact piece 10 is movable in a first movement region along the rail 16, which movement region extends from the illustrated position of the first contact piece 10 along the indexing axis 3 to the left. Optionally, a stop (not shown) limits further movement of the first contact piece 10 to the right. Another stop (not shown) limits the movement of the first contact piece 10 optionally outside the first range of movement to the left.

Also, the second switching piece 20 is movable along the rail 26 in a second range of motion. As in Fig. 2b is described in more detail, the second range of movement extends from the in Fig. 1 shown position of the second contact piece 20 from along the switching axis 3 both to the right and by a small amount to the left.

The transmission 2 further comprises a drive rod 30, an output rod 40, and a lever 50. The lever 50 is fixedly mounted with a lever joint 55 relative to the housing of the circuit breaker and pivotable about a lever axis 56. The lever 50 has a drive lever arm 53 and a driven lever arm 54. The term "drive" and "output" refers to parts of the transmission 2, the drive side or output side of each other or from the lever joint 55 and the lever axis 56 are arranged. The drive rod 30 is pivotally connected to the rotary joint 31 to the first contact piece 10 and with a further pivot 35 to the drive lever arm 50. The output rod is correspondingly pivotally connected to the second contact piece 20 and to the output lever arm 54 with swivel joints 42, 45.

The lever 50 is preferably a two-armed or two-sided lever, ie the lever arms 53 and 54 are with respect to the lever axis 56 on different, in particular opposite, sides. Regardless of the embodiment shown typically an angle of more than 90 ° between the drive lever arm 53 and the output lever arm 54, ie between the pivot joints 35, 55 (or the axis 56) and 55, 45. As in the illustration of the lever 50 in FIG Fig. 2a can be seen, the lever arms 53 and 54 are typically diffracted, that is different from 180 °, so that the joints 35 and 45 are usually not with the lever axis 56 on a common line.

The hinges 31, 35, 42 and 45 typically have only one degree of freedom for rotation about an axis of rotation. They typically have no further degree of freedom, e.g. for a pushing movement.

• Die Hebelarme 53, 54 sind unterschiedlich lang;
• Der Abbrandkontakt 12 des ersten Schaltstücks 10 und der Abbrandkontakt 22 des zweiten Schaltstücks 20 sind koaxial um die Schaltachse 3 angeordnet, und die Hebelachse 56 ist radial versetzt zur Schaltachse 3 angeordnet; oder
• Der radiale Abstand (d.h. der Abstand senkrecht zur Schaltachse 3) zwischen der Hebelachse 56 und dem Drehgelenk 31, mit dem die Antriebsstange 30 an das erste Schaltstück 10 angelenkt ist, und der radiale Abstand zwischen der Hebelachse 56 und dem Drehgelenk 42, mit dem die Abtriebsstange 40 an das zweite Schaltstück 20 angelenkt ist, sind ungleich gewählt.
• Weitere Bedingungen sind nach der Beschreibung von Fig. 3 genannt.

The transmission 2 is designed asymmetrically, regardless of the embodiment shown with advantage. In particular, at least one of the following conditions is typically met:

• The lever arms 53, 54 are different lengths;
• The Abbrandkontakt 12 of the first contact piece 10 and the Abbrandkontakt 22 of the second contact piece 20 are arranged coaxially about the switching axis 3, and the lever axis 56 is radially offset from the switching axis 3; or
• The radial distance (ie the distance perpendicular to the switching axis 3) between the lever axis 56 and the rotary joint 31, with which the drive rod 30 is articulated to the first contact piece 10, and the radial distance between the lever axis 56 and the swivel joint 42, with the Output rod 40 is hinged to the second contact piece 20 are chosen unequal.
• Other conditions are as described by Fig. 3 called.

In general, the lever axis 56 relative to the central axis 3, by which the Abbrandkontakte 12, 22 are arranged coaxially offset. Thereby, at a given drive stroke, i. the range of movement of the first contact 10, the output stroke, i. the range of movement of the second contact piece 20 can be increased. Conversely, by the offset between the lever axis 56 and the central axis 3 at a given

Output stroke of the drive stroke can be reduced. As a result, the construction can be made compact.

This in Fig. 1 shown transmission can be changed in various ways. In particular, the rods or connecting levers 30, 40, the lever 50 and the Carriage 10, 20 arbitrarily remodeled and / or replaced by parts with similar function. For example, the rails 16, 26 are also replaced by other guides, eg through holes; and the two-armed lever 50 can be replaced by a one-armed lever.

Fig. 2a to Fig. 2f show in a schematic side view states of motion when contact opening the in Fig. 1 shown circuit breaker 1. This is about the in Fig. 1 shown elements, a housing 7 indicated. Next, the first Abbrandkontakt 12 as tulip 12 and the second Abbrandkontakt 22 are shown schematically as pin 22.

Fig. 2a shows the transmission 2 in the state of motion of Fig. 1 which corresponds to a closed circuit breaker 1. Therein, the first contact piece 10 is shown at the right edge of the first movement range, and the second contact piece 20 is shown near the left edge of the second movement range. The output rod 40 and the output lever arm 54 do not form a straight angle, but come close, z. B. to less than 10 °.

Fig. 2b shows the transmission 2, after the first contact piece 10 has been moved by the drive by a small distance to the left. By this movement, the lever 50 has been rotated by means of the drive rod 30 counterclockwise so that the output lever arm 54 and the output rod 40 now form an extended angle, ie a 180 ° angle. Due to the extended angle, the second switching piece 20 is moved or pushed to a maximum deflection position to the left, ie to the left edge of the second movement range.

In Fig. 2c is the first contact piece 10 further moved to the left, and the lever 50 is thereby further rotated counterclockwise. The output lever arm 54 and the output rod 40 are now over the extended angle of Fig. 2b also slightly bent. Due to the diffracted angle, the second contact piece 20 is again moved or pushed away from the maximum deflection position to the right.

Thus, the in Fig. 2b shown movement state is a dead position of the transmission 2, more precisely a dead position of the output rod 40, or in other words a reversal point of the transmission 2 and for the movement of the output rod 40. The dead position is an outer dead center between the output rod 40 and the output lever arm 54th

In Fig. 2c form the drive rod 30 and the switching axis 3 (or central axis 3 of the concentric Abbrandkontakte 12, 22) a right angle. As a result, the vertical deflection of the pivot 35 is maximum, as in Fig. 2c shown maximum upwards. The further movement of the first contact piece 10 to the left, the of Fig. 2c to Fig. 2d leads, the vertical deflection of the pivot joint 35 in turn reduces: In contrast to the previous direction of movement of the lever 50, the lever 50 at the transition of Fig. 2c to Fig. 2d therefore turned clockwise. Thus presents Fig. 2c when passing through the maximum vertical deflection of the Drehgelenkts 35 is a reversal point for the movement of the lever 50 about the lever axis 56. Also Fig. 2c Therefore, shows a dead center of the transmission 2. The dead center of Fig. 2c However, is a dead center other than the dead center of Fig. 2b , The deadlock of Fig. 2c is firstly a dead center of another gear part as the dead center of Fig. 2b ; and secondly, it is not an outer dead center, but by the right angle between the drive rod 30 and the switching axis 3 and the along the

Switching axis 3 moving contact piece 10 conditionally.

The time offset between the passage of in Fig. 2b and 2c shown dead spots can be adjusted by the angle between the drive lever arm 53 and the output lever arm 54. Therefore, regardless of the embodiment shown, it is proposed that the drive lever arm 53 and the output lever arm 54 are bent. Irrespective of this, the bent angle is preferably selected so that, during the movement of the first contact piece 10 in the first movement range, the dead position 62c and optionally the dead positions 62b and / or 62d (FIG. Fig. 3b ) are separated in time. Preferably, a movement of the second contact piece 20 takes place between in each case two different dead spots.

The rotation of the lever 50 in the clockwise direction, the of Fig. 2c to Fig. 2d causes the output lever arm 54 and the output rod 40 in Fig. 2d again in already in Fig. 2b form extended angle shown. Thus, the in Fig. 2d shown movement state again a dead center of the transmission 2. The dead position is a dead center of the same kind as in Fig. 2b shown dead center, namely an outer dead center between the output lever arm 54 and the output rod 40th

The deadlines of Fig. 2b and Fig. 2d are independent of the embodiment shown typically dead spots of the output-side part of the transmission 2, that is, dead spots of one On the output side of the lever axis 56 located gear part, such as the pivot 45, which is articulated to the output lever arm 54. The deadlines of Fig. 2b and Fig. 2d are typically dead spots of the same kind, eg internal or external dead centers of the same gear parts. They are advantageously outer dead spots, ie dead spots, which are characterized by a substantially 180 ° angle between eg lever 50 and output rod 40.

Regardless of the embodiment shown, the dead center of Fig. 2c and the deadlock of Fig. 2b or Fig. 2d typically dead spots of various types, in particular different parts of the transmission 2, for example, the drive-side part 10, 30, 35, 53 and the driven side part 54, 45, 40, 20 of the transmission 2. These parts of the transmission, the respective hinges 35, 45 may be which are provided at the drive end or drive lever arm 53 and at the output end or output lever arm 54 of the lever 50 as articulation points for the connecting rods, -pleuel or levers 30, 40.

In FIG. 2e is the first contact piece 10 moves further to the left, and the lever 50 is thereby further rotated in a clockwise direction. Characterized the second switching piece 20 is moved to the right, so that the first Abbrandkontakt 12 is separated from the second Abbrandkontakt 22. As a result, the mechanical and direct electrical contact between the Abbrandkontakten 12, 22 is disconnected. It arises after the separation usually an arc that can be deleted by a suitable quenching gas device of the circuit breaker 1.

In FIG. 2f the first contact piece 10 is moved to the left edge of the first movement range. The lever 50 is thereby further rotated in a clockwise direction. As a result, the second switching piece 20 is moved to the right edge of the second movement range. The first consumable contact 12 and the second consumable contact 22 are therefore separated from each other at the maximum distance, and the circuit breaker 1 is contact-opened.

Fig. 3a to Fig. 3d show lifting, speed and acceleration diagrams of the first contact piece 10 and the second contact piece 20 during the in Fig. 2a to 2f In these diagrams, the horizontal axis represents the deflection of the first contact piece 10 along its movement range along the switching axis 3. Therefore, the lift curve 61 of the first Contact piece 10 by definition a straight line. The left or right edge of the horizontal axis corresponds to the edge of the movement range of the first contact piece 10 when the switch 1 is closed or when the switch 1 is open.

When the movement of the first contact 10 is approximated as moving at a constant speed, the horizontal axis may also be in accordance with the inscription in FIG Fig. 3a to 3d be considered as a timeline. Specifically, this approximation is valid only after the end of a short initial drive acceleration phase during which the first contact is accelerated to the substantially constant speed. As the end of the drive or the output acceleration phase, the point can be set, from which the corresponding contact piece is accelerated to about 50% of its maximum speed. From this point, a movement phase of the corresponding contact piece, which is preferably characterized by a substantially, that is, to a tolerance of up to 50%, constant speed begins.

On the lift curve 62 of Fig. 3a and 3b The points 62a to 62f respectively correspond to those in FIGS FIGS. 2a to 2f illustrated states of the transmission. The lift curve 62 of Fig. 3a shows that the deflection of the second contact piece 20 in an initial phase is almost constant (part of the lift curve 62a-d), and that the second contact piece 20 is thus initially almost stationary. Only after this initial phase, which can be referred to as pre-acceleration phase, the second contact piece 20 is visibly accelerated.

In Fig. 3b the stroke of the second contact piece 20 is shown in fragmentary form on a greatly enlarged scale. On this scale, the movement of the second contact piece 20 is also visible during its pre-acceleration phase. The movement is characterized by three changes of direction 62b, 62c and 62d, which are defined by the in Fig. 2b . 2c and 2d each shown dead spots (reversal points) are caused. By the described three dead spots, namely first dead center 62 b, second dead center 62 c and third dead center 62 d, are traversed, it is ensured that the second contact piece 20, the in Fig. 3a shown low acceleration during the pre-acceleration phase undergoes. Therefore, as the end of the pre-acceleration phase of the second contact 20, the point 62d may be considered at which the third or last dead position is passed, during which the power switch 1 is still closed.

Due to the pre-acceleration phase of the second contact piece 20, the acceleration phase of the first contact piece 10 can be separated in time from the acceleration phase of the second contact piece 20. This is possible if the acceleration phase of the second contact piece 20 begins only after the end of the acceleration phase of the first contact piece 10. This can prevent the drive for the first contact piece 10 from having to accelerate two contact pieces 10, 20 simultaneously, and the acceleration energy of the drive can be used more advantageously. At the same time when closing the switch 1, ie in the reverse movement, the relative movement of the contact pieces 10, 20 are braked gently, which can reduce the material wear of the contact pieces 10, 20.

Also, by shortening the acceleration phase, the acceleration can be increased. Also, due to the smaller deflection of the second contact piece 20 during the pre-acceleration phase, the range of movement of the second contact piece 20 necessary for switching is reduced, as a result of which a more compact design of the switch can be realized.

As in Fig. 2e is shown, the Abbrandkontakte 12, 22 are separated only during or even after the end of the acceleration phase of the second contact piece 20. As a result, it can be ensured that the relative speed of the contact pieces 10, 20 during disconnection of the electrical contact is high. As a result, an arcing occurring during separation is rapidly drawn and can thus be more easily deleted.

In Fig. 3c are the speed curves 63 of the first contact piece 10 and 64 of the second contact piece 20, that is, the first derivatives of the lift curves 61 and 62 of Fig. 3a represented. In Fig. 3d is the acceleration curve 66 of the second contact piece 20, that is, the second derivative of the lift curve 62 of Fig. 3a represented.

The end position of the switch 1 for contact-closed switching state 62a (see Fig. 3b ) can be varied without departing from the invention. In particular, the end position may be selected as any point that lies before the last reversal point 62d. It is preferred that in the end position of the switch 1 for closed switching state, a transmission state is present, which is closer to the dead center 62b than to the dead center 62c. Near here is according to the distance on the horizontal axis of the stroke diagram eg from Fig. 3b defined, ie according to the spatial length of an actual or imaginary movement of the first contact piece 10 along the switching axis. 3

Regardless of the embodiment shown, the movement transferable by the transmission 2 typically includes movement to contact the switch 1. The transmission 2 is typically designed so that during the movement to disconnect the switch 1, the dead center 62d after the dead center 62c is passed through and / or that the dead center 62c is passed after the dead center 62b. The Abbrandkontakte 12, 22 may be arranged and the transmission 2 may be designed so that during the movement to contact opening of the switch 1, the Abbrandkontakte 12, 22 are separated only after the dead center 62c has been traversed, and if necessary, the dead center 62d and / or possibly the dead center 62d has been passed through.

• das Getriebe stellt an- und abtriebsseitige Totlagen zur Verfügung, die getrennt voneinander sind. Insbesondere ist das Getriebe so gestaltet, dass es bei einem Bewegungszustand des ersten Schaltstücks in dem ersten Bewegungsbereich die Abtriebsstange bzw. ein Drehgelenk der Abtriebsstange eine Totlage durchläuft, während die Antriebsstange bzw. ein Drehgelenk der Antriebsstange keine Totlage durchläuft; oder dass die Antriebsstange bzw. ein Drehgelenk der Antriebsstange eine Totlage durchläuft, während die Abtriebsstange bzw. ein Drehgelenk der Abtriebsstange keine Totlage durchläuft.
• das Getriebe ist so gestaltet, dass bei der Bewegung des ersten Schaltstücks in dem ersten Bewegungsbereich die Abtriebsstange bzw. ein Drehgelenk der Abtriebsstange eine Totlage von einer anderen Art als die Antriebsstange bzw. ein Drehgelenk der Antriebsstange durchläuft; oder dass die Antriebsstange bzw. ein Drehgelenk der Antriebsstange eine Totlage von einer anderen Art als die Abtriebsstange bzw. ein Drehgelenk der Abtriebsstange durchläuft; oder
• Das Übersetzungsverhältnis des Getriebes ist nichtlinear.

The typically asymmetric design of the transmission may be characterized by one or more of the following other conditions for asymmetry, which may be met individually and independently of the embodiments shown:

• the gearbox provides input and output dead spots, which are separate from each other. In particular, the transmission is designed so that in a movement state of the first contact piece in the first movement range, the output rod or a swivel of the output rod passes through a dead center, while the drive rod or a rotary joint of the drive rod does not pass through dead center; or that the drive rod or a rotary joint of the drive rod passes through a dead center, while the output rod or a rotary joint of the output rod does not pass through dead center.
• the transmission is designed so that during the movement of the first contact piece in the first range of motion, the output rod or a swivel of the output rod undergoes a dead center of a different type than the drive rod or a rotary joint of the drive rod; or that the drive rod or a rotary joint of the drive rod passes through a dead center of a different type than the output rod or a rotary joint of the output rod; or
• The gear ratio of the gearbox is non-linear.

Fig. 4a to Fig. 4f show states of motion when contact opening a further inventive circuit breaker. Herein, like reference numerals refer to like or functionally similar parts as in the preceding figures. The geometry and the arrangement of the in the Fig. 4a to Fig. 4f shown gear parts differs slightly from that in the Fig. 2a to Fig. 2f illustrated geometry and arrangement. Nevertheless, the description of the FIGS. 2a to 2f here essentially analog.

Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b show the lift diagram for the output side (analogous to Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b ) and Fig. 5c the speed diagram for the output side (analogous to Fig. 3c ) when contacting the in Fig. 4a to 4f shown circuit breaker. 64e designates an acceleration phase and 64f the final velocity of the second contact piece 20. The description of the latter also applies to these figures FIGS. 3a to 3c here essentially corresponding.

The first drive-side contact piece 10 is advantageously connected to the (not shown) insulating nozzle of the circuit breaker 1 and is driven by this.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

breakers

2

transmission

3

Center axis, indexing axis

7

casing

10

first contact piece

12

first burning contact / tulip

14

first sliding element

15

clutch

16

rail

20

second contact piece

22

second burnup contact / pin

24

second sliding element

25

clutch

26

rail

30

Drive rod, drive connecting rod

31

Swivel 30-10

35

Swivel 30-50

40

Output rod, output connecting rod

42

Swivel 40-20

45

Swivel 40-50

50

Two-armed lever

53

Drive lever arm

54

Output drive lever arm

55

lever joint

56

lever axis

61

Stroke curve first contact piece

62

Stroke curve second contact piece

62a-f

Points on the lift curve that correspond to the states in Fig. 2a-2f correspond

63

Speed curve first contact piece

64

Speed curve second contact piece

64e

Acceleration phase second contact piece

64f

Final speed second contact piece

66

Acceleration curve second contact piece

Claims (17)

1. Electrical circuit breaker (1), having a first contact piece (10) with a first burn contact (12), a second contact piece (20) with a second burn contact (22), a drive for moving the first contact piece (10) in a first movement range along a switching axis (3) and a transmission (2) for transferring the movement of the first contact piece (10) to a movement of the second contact piece (20), with the first movement range comprising a contact subregion and a disconnecting subregion and with the burn contacts (12, 22) making contact with one another when the first contact piece (10) is in the contact subregion, and with the burn contacts (12, 22) being disconnected from one another when the first contact piece (10) is in the disconnecting subregion, characterized in that

   - the transmission (2) has a first dead point (62c) which is passed through during the movement of the first contact piece (10) in the contact subregion.
2. Electrical circuit breaker (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that

   - the transmission (2) comprises an input drive rod (30), an output drive rod (40) and a lever (50), in particular a two-armed lever (50) which can pivot about a lever axis (56) and has an input drive lever arm (53) and an output drive lever arm (54),

   - the input drive rod (30) is articulated on the first contact piece (10) such that it can rotate by means of a rotating joint (31) and is articulated on the input drive lever arm (53) such that it can rotate by means of a further rotating joint (35) and

   - the output drive rod (40) is articulated on the second contact piece (20) such that it can rotate by means of a rotating joint (42) and is articulated on the output drive lever arm (54) such that it can rotate by means of a further rotating joint (45).
3. Electrical circuit breaker (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the input drive lever arm (53) and the output drive lever arm (54) form a bent angle.
4. Electrical circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first burn contact (12) and the second burn contact (22) are arranged coaxially around the switching axis, and in that the lever axis (56) is arranged radially offset with respect to the switching axis (3).
5. Electrical circuit breaker (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 4, wherein the first dead point (62c) is a reversal point for the pivoting movement of the lever (50) around the lever axis (56).
6. Electrical circuit breaker (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the first dead point (62c) is characterized by the input drive rod (30) and the switching axis (3) being essentially at right angles.
7. Electrical circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission (2) has a second dead point (62b) which is passed through during the movement of the first contact piece (10) in the first movement range.
8. Electrical circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission (2) has a third dead point (62d), which is passed through during the movement of the first contact piece (10) in the first movement range.
9. Electrical circuit breaker (1) according to one of Claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the second dead point (62b) and/or possibly the third dead point (62d) are/is a dead point or dead points of a part of the transmission (2) on the output drive side with respect to the lever axis (56).
10. Electrical circuit breaker (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the second dead point (62b) and possibly the third dead point (62d) are dead points of the rotating joint (45) on the output drive lever arm (54) and are preferably outer dead points.
11. Electrical circuit breaker (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the transmission (2) is designed such that, during the movement of the first contact piece (10) in the first movement range, the first, possibly the second and possibly the third dead points (62c, 62b, 62d) are passed through separately from one another.
12. Electrical circuit breaker according to one of Claims 7 to 11, characterized in that possibly the second and/or possibly the third dead point (62b, 62d) are/is passed through during the movement of the first contact piece (10) in the contact subregion.
13. Method for contact disconnection of an electrical circuit breaker (1), which has a first contact piece (10) with a first contact (12), a second contact piece (20) with a second contact (22) and a transmission (2) and which, in particular, is a circuit breaker (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 12, with the method having the following steps:

    - the first contact piece (10) is moved in a disconnection direction along a switching axis (3), the transmission (2) transfers the movement of the first contact piece (10) to a movement of the second contact piece (20) along the switching axis (3) and the first contact (12) and the second contact (22) are disconnected from one another by the movement of the contact pieces (10, 20) characterized in that

    - the movement of the second contact piece (20) changes direction at least once before disconnection of the contacts (12, 22).
14. Method according to Claim 13, characterized in that the movement of the first contact piece (10) comprises an acceleration phase followed by a movement phase, the movement of the second contact piece (20) comprises an initial acceleration phase followed by an acceleration phase, and the initial acceleration phase of the second contact piece (20) comprises the at least one direction change of the movement of the second contact piece (20).
15. Method according to Claim 14, characterized in that the acceleration phase of the second contact piece (20) starts only after the end of the acceleration phase of the first contact piece (10).
16. Method according to one of Claims 14 or 15, characterized in that the contacts (12, 22), in particular burn contacts (12, 22), are disconnected from one another after the end of the initial acceleration phase of the second contact piece (20).
17. Method according to one of Claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the contacts (12, 22), in particular burn contacts (12, 22), are disconnected from one another before the end of the acceleration phase of the second contact piece (20).

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