EP1927747B1 - Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1927747B1
EP1927747B1 EP07118346A EP07118346A EP1927747B1 EP 1927747 B1 EP1927747 B1 EP 1927747B1 EP 07118346 A EP07118346 A EP 07118346A EP 07118346 A EP07118346 A EP 07118346A EP 1927747 B1 EP1927747 B1 EP 1927747B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
pressure
valve needle
control
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07118346A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1927747A2 (fr
EP1927747A3 (fr
Inventor
Jochen Mertens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1927747A2 publication Critical patent/EP1927747A2/fr
Publication of EP1927747A3 publication Critical patent/EP1927747A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1927747B1 publication Critical patent/EP1927747B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/042—The valves being provided with fuel passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0045—Three-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0047—Four-way valves or valves with more than four ways

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1 is in DE 10 2005 060 655.5 proposed.
  • a second valve seat near guide bore is formed in the nozzle body for the valve needle, which forms a substantially hydraulically sealing guide for a second guide portion of the valve needle, the hydraulically sealing guides realized a hydraulic limitation of the valve needle pressure chamber on the valve seat side end face with open valve needle.
  • closing of the valve needle is characterized in that a closing space is provided in the rail or system pressure constantly acts in the closing direction on the valve needle, and that an acting on the valve needle control chamber is provided, which is controlled by a control valve and the Opening the valve needle connected to a low pressure / return system and is acted upon to close the valve needle with rail or system pressure.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injection valve in which there is a closing, resulting pressure force at unpressurized control chambers on the valve needle.
  • the object of the invention is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention it is possible to control the opening speed of the valve needle. As a result, a targeted pilot injection with less fuel is possible.
  • a larger amounts of fuel to be injected is possible.
  • a trained at the top of the valve needle valve needle pressure chamber is realized by the valve seat near guide bore in the nozzle body forms a hydraulically tight guide for the second guide portion of the valve needle, so that the hydraulic tight guide forms a hydraulic boundary of the valve needle pressure chamber on the valve seat side end face with open valve needle.
  • variable opening speed is achieved by means of the control valve, which is switchable to different switching positions, wherein in a first switching position both drain holes are separated from the low pressure / return system, in a second switching position one of the two drain holes connected to the low pressure / return system and the other of the two Drain holes from the low pressure / return system is separated, and in a third switching position both drain holes are connected to the low pressure / return system.
  • the drain hole is a first outlet throttle and the other drain hole assigned a second outlet throttle.
  • the leading into the control chamber inlet bore has an inlet throttle.
  • the annulus is also connected via an optional outlet throttle to the low pressure / return system.
  • the pressure in the control chamber is reduced slowly or rapidly and the valve needle opens correspondingly slowly or quickly in accordance with the mass flow rates through the throttles.
  • the control surface exposed to the first control chamber has an outer diameter d1
  • the closure surface exposed to the closing space has a diameter d2
  • the valve seat near guide section of the valve needle with the valve needle in the valve seat near guide bore is hydraulically tightly guided to a diameter d3.
  • the valve seat limits the valve needle pressure chamber with a diameter d4, so that the pressure surface on the valve seat-side end face on the valve needle with the valve needle closed has the same diameter d4.
  • Essential for the functioning of the fuel injection valve is that said diameters are dimensioned such that d1>d3>d4> d2.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a fuel injection valve according to the invention.
  • the fuel injection valve shown in the figure has a housing with a nozzle body 2, and a throttle body 3 and a control valve 4. Both parts of the housing are held together hydraulically tight by a device, not shown.
  • a stepped bore 10 is formed, which forms with a top portion a first, valve seat remote guide bore 11 and a lower portion, a second valve seat near guide bore 12.
  • a longitudinally displaceably arranged valve needle 5 is guided, which has a first, valve seat-side guide portion 13 and a second, valve seat near guide portion 14.
  • the valve seat remote guide portion 13 is guided in the valve seat-like guide bore 11 and the valve seat near guide portion 14 in the valve seat near the guide bore 12, wherein these holes each form a substantially hydraulically tight guide.
  • the valve seat near guide section 14 terminates at the tip of the valve needle 5 with a valve seat-side end face 8, which forms a pressure surface 81 acting on the valve needle 5 in the opening direction of the valve needle 5.
  • the pressure surface 81 acting in the opening direction is determined when the valve needle 5 is closed by a valve seat 18 with the diameter d4 and, when the valve needle 5 is open or lifted, by the diameter d3 of the guide bore 12.
  • the valve needle 5 is traversed over its entire length by a coaxial fuel channel 6, which opens at the valve seat side end face 8 in a valve needle pressure chamber 15.
  • the stepped bore 10 is delimited at one end of the nozzle body 2 by a nozzle body seat 16 formed on the nozzle body 2.
  • the nozzle body seat 16 cooperates with the valve seat 18 formed on the valve needle 5.
  • the nozzle body seat 16 injection openings 17 are connected downstream, which open into the mounting position of the fuel injection valve in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the valve needle 5 is in the closed state with the valve seat 18 on the nozzle body seat 16.
  • the valve seat 18 has a diameter d4.
  • valve seat 18 on the nozzle body seat 16 forms a sealing seat, which separates the injection openings 17 from the valve needle pressure chamber 15, whereby the injection openings 17 are decoupled from the acted upon with rail or system pressure valve needle pressure chamber 15. If the valve needle 5 with the valve seat 18 is lifted off the nozzle body seat 16, the injection openings are released and fuel is injected with the pressure prevailing in the valve needle pressure chamber 15, which corresponds to the system pressure of, for example, a common rail system of a diesel fuel injection device.
  • the fuel injection valve further has a sliding sleeve 20, which is guided axially displaceably in a guide bore 21 with a diameter d2.
  • the sliding sleeve 20 further has an annular surface 22 which presses against an end face 23 of the throttle body 2 and thereby forms a cooperating with the end face 23 sealing surface.
  • the guide bore 21 forms below the slide sleeve 20 a closing space 24 with a closing surface 25 acting in the closing direction of the valve needle 5.
  • a closing spring 29 is arranged, which presses the sliding sleeve 20 against the end face 23.
  • the closing spring 29 simultaneously acts as a closing spring on the valve needle 5, which supports the force acting on the valve needle 5 hydraulic closing force.
  • valve needle 5 ends with an annular surface 28 which is exposed to a control chamber 30.
  • the control chamber 30 is thereby hydraulically limited by said annular surface 28 of the valve needle 5, by the end face 23 of the throttle body 3 and by the sliding sleeve 20.
  • the valve seat remote guide portion 13 with the diameter d1 tapers toward the valve seat near guide portion 14 out with a diameter d3, wherein between the diameters d1 and d3 on the valve needle 5, an annular space 27 is formed.
  • a drain passage 272 which is connected via a drain hole 37 to the low-pressure return system.
  • control chamber 30 performs an inlet bore 331 with an inlet throttle 332 and a first control bore 341 with a first throttle 342 and a second control bore 351 with a second throttle 352. From the first control bore 341 performs a first control line 413 and from the second control bore 351 a second control line 414 to the control valve 4th
  • the leading into the valve needle pressure chamber 15 fuel passage 6 of the valve needle 5 is connected via the closing space 24, a central bore 26 in the sliding sleeve 20 and a formed in the throttle body 3 central inlet bore 33 to a high pressure line 34, which in turn connected to a high pressure source, such as a Rail injection system or another diesel fuel injection device is connected, so that in the valve needle pressure chamber 15 rail or system pressure of the high pressure source is applied.
  • a high pressure source such as a Rail injection system or another diesel fuel injection device
  • the control valve 4 is a 3/3-way valve, which is connected to one terminal to the first control line 413 and with the other terminal to the second control line 414 and to the third connection to the low pressure / return system.
  • the condition applies: d1> d3> d4> d2. Because the pressure force acting on the pressure surface 81 is greater than the pressure force acting on the closing surface 25 in the closing space 24, an opening, resulting pressure force in the nozzle needle pressure chamber 15 results on the pressure surface 81 with the valve needle 5 closed.
  • the closing movement of an open valve needle 5 achieved in that the connection of the control chamber 30 is interrupted with the low pressure / return system.
  • the pressure in the control chamber 30 increases because the control chamber 30 is permanently connected via the inlet bore 331 to the inlet throttle 332 and via the high-pressure line 42 to the high-pressure line 34.
  • both control bores 341 and 351 are decoupled from the low pressure / return system.
  • the valve needle 5 is closed.
  • the 3/3-way valve is activated and brought into the second switching position, whereby the control chamber 30 is connected only via the first control line 431 with the low-pressure / return system.
  • the pressure in the control chamber 30 drops to a pressure level depending on the design of the inlet and outlet throttles 332 and 342, which is why the pressure force on the pressure surface 28 is reduced.
  • the pressure force acting on the valve seat-side pressure surface 81 exceeds the closing force at the closing surface 25 plus the reduced closing force at the pressure surface 28 and the closing spring force, which causes the valve needle 5 to lift off from the valve needle seat 16, so that fuel via the injection nozzles 17 is injected.
  • the control chamber 30 is also over the second control bore 351 with the second control throttle 352 and the second control line 414 coupled to the low pressure / return system.
  • the pressure reduction in the control chamber 30 is correspondingly larger as well as the mass flow to the low pressure / return system, so that the opening movement of the valve needle 5 is also faster.
  • the second switching position is preferred.
  • the pressure in the control chamber 30 slowly or rapidly degrades and the valve needle 5 opens according to the mass flow rates accordingly slow or fast.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne, avec un corps de buse (12) dans lequel une aiguille de soupape (5) commandée par une soupape de commande (4) est guidée de manière déplaçable axialement avec une portion de guidage (13) dans un alésage de guidage (11) éloigné du siège de soupape et avec une deuxième portion de guidage (14) dans un alésage de guidage (12) proche du siège de soupape, avec un canal de carburant (6) réalisé à l'intérieur de l'aiguille de soupape (5), par le biais duquel canal de carburant (6) du carburant est acheminé à un espace de pression de l'aiguille de soupape (15), l'aiguille de soupape (5) étant associée par une face frontale (8) du côté du siège de soupape audit espace de pression de l'aiguille de soupape (15), la face frontale formant une face de pression (81) agissant dans le sens de l'ouverture de l'aiguille de soupape (5), avec au moins une face de fermeture (25) agissant dans le sens de la fermeture de l'aiguille de soupape (5), qui est exposée à un espace de fermeture (24) et à laquelle s'applique la pression du système, avec un espace de commande (30) auquel l'aiguille de soupape (5) est exposée avec une face de commande (28) agissant dans le sens de la fermeture, l'espace de commande (30) étant connecté par le biais d'un alésage d'amenée (331) de manière permanente à une conduite haute pression (34) et pouvant être détendu en pression par le biais d'un alésage de sortie (341) au moyen de la soupape de commande (4), au moins un siège de soupape (16) étant réalisé sur la face frontale (8) de l'aiguille de soupape (5) du côté du siège de soupape, lequel sépare l'espace de pression de l'aiguille de soupape (15) d'au moins une ouverture d'injection (17), et la face de pression (81) formant une plus grande surface que la face de fermeture (25), de sorte que les forces d'ouverture soient produites sur l'aiguille de soupape (5) par la pression du système s'appliquant à la face de pression (81), caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un autre alésage de sortie (351) conduit dans l'espace de commande (30) et en ce que l'alésage de sortie (341) et l'autre alésage de sortie (351) peuvent être connectés individuellement ou ensemble par le biais de la soupape de commande (4) au système de basse pression/retour, les deux alésages de sortie étant séparés du système de basse pression/retour dans une première position de commutation de la soupape de commande, l'un des deux alésages de sortie étant connecté au système de basse pression/retour et l'autre des deux alésages de sortie étant séparé du système de basse pression/retour dans une deuxième position de commutation, et les deux alésages de sortie étant connectés au système de basse pression/retour dans une troisième position de commutation.
  2. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la soupape de commande (4), dans une première position de commutation, sépare les deux alésages de sortie (341) et (351) du système de basse pression/retour, en ce que dans une deuxième position de commutation de la soupape de commande (4), l'un des deux alésages de sortie (341, 351) est connecté au système de basse pression/retour, et l'autre des deux alésages de sortie (341, 351) est séparé du système de basse pression/retour, et en ce que dans une troisième position de commutation de la soupape de commande (4), les deux alésages de sortie (341, 351) sont connectés au système de basse pression/retour.
  3. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que l'alésage de sortie (341) est associé à un premier étranglement de sortie (342) et l'autre alésage de sortie (351) est associé à un deuxième étranglement de sortie (352).
  4. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la face de commande (28) exposée à l'espace de commande (30) présente un diamètre extérieur d1, la face de fermeture (25) exposée à l'espace de fermeture (24) présente un diamètre d2 et la portion de guidage (14) proche du siège de soupape de l'aiguille de soupape (5), avec laquelle l'aiguille de soupape (5) est guidée de manière étanche hydrauliquement dans l'alésage de guidage (12) proche du siège de soupape, présente un diamètre d3, et en ce que le siège de soupape (16) dans l'état fermé de l'aiguille de soupape (5), limite l'espace de pression d'aiguille de soupape (15) avec un diamètre d4, de sorte que dans cet état, la face de pression (81) présente le même diamètre d4 et en ce que lesdits diamètres sont dimensionnés de telle sorte que d1 > d3 > d4 > d2.
  5. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'on prévoit un manchon coulissant (20) qui est guidé de manière déplaçable axialement à l'intérieur d'un alésage de guidage (21) de l'aiguille de soupape (5), en ce que le manchon coulissant (20) sépare hydrauliquement, avec au moins une face d'étanchéité (22), l'espace de commande (30) de l'espace de fermeture (24), et en ce que le manchon coulissant (20) présente un alésage central (26) qui est en liaison par une extrémité avec un premier alésage d'alimentation (33) et par l'autre extrémité avec l'espace de fermeture (24).
EP07118346A 2006-11-27 2007-10-12 Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne Not-in-force EP1927747B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006055801A DE102006055801A1 (de) 2006-11-27 2006-11-27 Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1927747A2 EP1927747A2 (fr) 2008-06-04
EP1927747A3 EP1927747A3 (fr) 2009-01-28
EP1927747B1 true EP1927747B1 (fr) 2010-01-20

Family

ID=39232879

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07118346A Not-in-force EP1927747B1 (fr) 2006-11-27 2007-10-12 Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1927747B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE455951T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102006055801A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10335211A1 (de) * 2003-08-01 2005-02-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102004015744A1 (de) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Common-Rail-Injektor
DE102005060655A1 (de) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502007002667D1 (de) 2010-03-11
EP1927747A2 (fr) 2008-06-04
ATE455951T1 (de) 2010-02-15
EP1927747A3 (fr) 2009-01-28
DE102006055801A1 (de) 2008-05-29

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