EP1922451B1 - A system for cladding building structures - Google Patents

A system for cladding building structures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1922451B1
EP1922451B1 EP06795443A EP06795443A EP1922451B1 EP 1922451 B1 EP1922451 B1 EP 1922451B1 EP 06795443 A EP06795443 A EP 06795443A EP 06795443 A EP06795443 A EP 06795443A EP 1922451 B1 EP1922451 B1 EP 1922451B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slab
prefabricated
rendering
flat net
prefabricated panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06795443A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1922451A1 (en
Inventor
Enrico Maria Pederini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Edilteco SpA
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Edilteco SpA
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Publication of EP1922451A1 publication Critical patent/EP1922451A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
    • E04F13/047—Plaster carrying meshes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for cladding buildings, typically walls such as building façades.
  • the walls of the building are clad with panels of a insulating material, typically polystyrene, which are usually fixed by anchors and are arranged adjacent to one another to form a continuous covering.
  • a insulating material typically polystyrene
  • Sheets of plastic netting are stretched and fixed onto the panels to produce a surface which will support the rendering that will be spread throughout the surface.
  • These sheets of netting will be covered with a layer of rendering which adheres to the underlying polystyrene panels and which can be further worked to obtain a desired finish, such as smoothing and colouring.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to make available a system for realising overcoat-type claddings which is simple and rapid, in order to shorten working times and expenditure of manpower, with a consequent cost reduction.
  • the invention provides a system for cladding structures according to one or more of claims 1 to 10.
  • the prefabricated panels can be made in a separate place using dedicated tools and manpower which enable a reduction in the production costs, while at the worksite the realisation of the cladding requires only the laying of the prefabricated panels, thus considerably reducing necessary work-time.
  • the system for cladding building structures of the present invention comprises a plurality of prefabricated panels 1, which are laid on a building structure, in the example a wall 10, in order to form thereon a modular cladding 100.
  • the laying of the prefabricated panels 1 comprises their arrangement side-by-side in reciprocal contact, each being fastened to the wall 10, preferably by use of usual nylon anchors 11 (see figures 2 and 6 ).
  • the prefabricated anchors 1 are all the same, and are factory-made using dedicated tools and manpower which advantageously leads to their mass production, shortening times and containing costs.
  • Each prefabricated panel 1 comprises a slab 2 made of a heat-insulating material, a flat net 3 stretched and fastened to the slab 2 and a layer of rendering 4 spread on the flat net 3 and stably connected to the slab 2.
  • both the slab 2 and the layer of rendering 4 have good transpiration characteristics, in the sense that they are substantially permeable to vapour, in order to prevent condensation from forming on the panels 1.
  • the slab 2 is flat and exhibits a substantially rectangular plan shape, in order to make the side-by-side arranging of the panels 1 forming the cladding easier, faster and more flexible.
  • the slab 2 further exhibits a projecting rib 20 which develops along two consecutive sides thereof, and a housing channel 21 having a same profile as the rib 20 and running along the two remaining sides (see figures 3 and 5 ).
  • each flat slab 2 strikingly receives the projecting rib 20 of another, adjacent slab 2, giving the cladding 100 a structural continuity (see figure 2 ).
  • the slab 2 must be sufficiently light to facilitate laying the panels 1 and for realising a cladding 100 which does not place an excessive weight on the wall 10, and which exhibits good mechanical characteristics in order to be able to support its own weight and the weight of the net 3 and the layer of rendering 4.
  • the slab 2 is preferably made of polystyrene having a density comprised between 20 and 35 kg/m 3 , breadth comprised between 2 cm and 20 cm and a shape which can vary between 55x100 cm and 70x 140 cm.
  • it can be made of polyurethane or cork.
  • the flat net 3 is applied on the slab 2, which flat net 3 functions as a reinforcement for the overlying layer of rendering 4, and is of the type usually used in construction work, generally a plastic material (PVC).
  • PVC plastic material
  • the flat net 3 is cut into a predetermined shape, and is then stretched and fixed to the respective slab 2.
  • the flat net 3 is fixed by spay-gluing of a special grout.
  • a special material for rendering, in paste-form, is then laid on the flat net 3, which bonds to the net 3 and the underlying slab 2, in order to solidify and realise the desired layer of rendering.
  • This material for rendering is preferably constituted by a mixture comprising a grout having characteristics of porosity, and a special glue, generally a transparent resin suitable for gripping onto the flat net 3 and the slab 2.
  • the slab is grooved in a series of anchoring channels 22.
  • the channels 22 are filled with the paste material so that after drying there is a bond which prevents the sliding of the layer of rendering 4 on the slab 2.
  • the material used for the layer of rendering 4 is also, after dilution in water, advantageously used for the grouting stage when fixing the flat net 3 to the slab 2.
  • the flat net 3 exhibits a projecting limb 30 extending outwardly from the slab 2, while the layer of rendering 4 covers a limited surface of the slab 2, so as to leave thereon a free strip 23.
  • the limb 30 projects from two consecutive sides of the edge of the slab 20, and the free strip 23 is adjacent to the remaining sides of the edge.
  • the projecting limb 30 of each of the panels 1 at least partially covers the free strip 23 of the adjacent panels 1 (see figure 6 ).
  • a modular cladding 100 which comprises a plurality of rendered areas, each constituted by a layer of rendering 4, which are separated among themselves by free strips 23 lacking in rendering and covered by limbs of flat net 3 (see figure 1 ).
  • the free strips 23 are then covered with a layer of rendering material, preferably of the same type as the rendering used for the manufacture of the prefabricated panels 1, in order to make the façade on view uniform.
  • the flat net 3 of each of the panels 1 extends up until it also covers the free strip 23.
  • the free strip 23 of each one thereof is covered by two superposed limbs of flat net 3, of which one limb belongs to the same prefabricated panel 1, while the other limb belongs to the adjacent prefabricated panel 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

A system for cladding building structures (10), comprising a plurality of prefabricated panels (1) (adapted to be) arranged adjacent to one another and in reciprocal contact, and means for fixing (11) the prefabricated panels (1) to the building structure (10), in order to form a modular cladding (100); each prefabricated panel (1) comprising a slab (2) made of a heat-insulating material, a flat net (3) stretched and fixed on the slab (2), and a layer of rendering (4) laid on the flat net (3) and stably fixed to the slab (2).

Description

  • The invention relates to a system for cladding buildings, typically walls such as building façades.
  • Today it is normal practice to cover building walls with a covering generally known as an "overcoat", having good heat insulation properties and a pleasant appearance, together with a lower cost than other usual coverings, such as fake brick or ceramic slabs.
  • Realisation and laying of overcoat claddings are at present done directly at the worksite.
  • In a first stage, the walls of the building are clad with panels of a insulating material, typically polystyrene, which are usually fixed by anchors and are arranged adjacent to one another to form a continuous covering.
  • Sheets of plastic netting are stretched and fixed onto the panels to produce a surface which will support the rendering that will be spread throughout the surface.
  • These sheets of netting will be covered with a layer of rendering which adheres to the underlying polystyrene panels and which can be further worked to obtain a desired finish, such as smoothing and colouring.
  • For obvious reasons it takes a considerable time to perform all of these operations, or at any rate a considerable use of manpower, leading to high realisation costs.
  • It is also known from document WO 93/09306 a system for cladding buildings according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • The main aim of the present invention is to make available a system for realising overcoat-type claddings which is simple and rapid, in order to shorten working times and expenditure of manpower, with a consequent cost reduction.
  • This aim is attained by the invention, thanks to the characteristics thereof as set out in the accompanying claims.
  • In particular, the invention provides a system for cladding structures according to one or more of claims 1 to 10.
  • Thanks to the above solution, the prefabricated panels can be made in a separate place using dedicated tools and manpower which enable a reduction in the production costs, while at the worksite the realisation of the cladding requires only the laying of the prefabricated panels, thus considerably reducing necessary work-time.
  • Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will better emerge from the following description which is provided by way of non-limiting example with the aid of the accompanying figures of the drawings, in which:
    • figure 1 is a portion of a cladding obtained using the system of the invention;
    • figure 2 is section II-II of figure 1;
    • figure 3 is a plan view of a prefabricated panel not according to the invention;
    • figure 4 is section IV-IV of figure 3;
    • figure 5 is a perspective view of the prefabricated panel of figure 3;
    • figure 6 is an exploded view of a prefabricated panel not according to the invention;
    • figure 7 is a plan view of a prefabricated panel according to the invention.
  • The embodiments of Figures 3 to 6 are not according to the invention but are useful for understanding it.
  • The system for cladding building structures of the present invention comprises a plurality of prefabricated panels 1, which are laid on a building structure, in the example a wall 10, in order to form thereon a modular cladding 100.
  • In particular, the laying of the prefabricated panels 1 comprises their arrangement side-by-side in reciprocal contact, each being fastened to the wall 10, preferably by use of usual nylon anchors 11 (see figures 2 and 6). The prefabricated anchors 1 are all the same, and are factory-made using dedicated tools and manpower which advantageously leads to their mass production, shortening times and containing costs.
  • Each prefabricated panel 1 comprises a slab 2 made of a heat-insulating material, a flat net 3 stretched and fastened to the slab 2 and a layer of rendering 4 spread on the flat net 3 and stably connected to the slab 2. Preferably both the slab 2 and the layer of rendering 4 have good transpiration characteristics, in the sense that they are substantially permeable to vapour, in order to prevent condensation from forming on the panels 1.
  • The slab 2 is flat and exhibits a substantially rectangular plan shape, in order to make the side-by-side arranging of the panels 1 forming the cladding easier, faster and more flexible.
  • The slab 2 further exhibits a projecting rib 20 which develops along two consecutive sides thereof, and a housing channel 21 having a same profile as the rib 20 and running along the two remaining sides (see figures 3 and 5).
  • When the prefabricated panels 1 are laid, the channel 21 of each flat slab 2 strikingly receives the projecting rib 20 of another, adjacent slab 2, giving the cladding 100 a structural continuity (see figure 2).
  • From the construction point of view, the slab 2 must be sufficiently light to facilitate laying the panels 1 and for realising a cladding 100 which does not place an excessive weight on the wall 10, and which exhibits good mechanical characteristics in order to be able to support its own weight and the weight of the net 3 and the layer of rendering 4.
  • To satisfy these requirements, the slab 2 is preferably made of polystyrene having a density comprised between 20 and 35 kg/m3, breadth comprised between 2 cm and 20 cm and a shape which can vary between 55x100 cm and 70x 140 cm.
  • Alternatively, it can be made of polyurethane or cork.
  • The flat net 3 is applied on the slab 2, which flat net 3 functions as a reinforcement for the overlying layer of rendering 4, and is of the type usually used in construction work, generally a plastic material (PVC).
  • The flat net 3 is cut into a predetermined shape, and is then stretched and fixed to the respective slab 2.
  • Preferably the flat net 3 is fixed by spay-gluing of a special grout.
  • A special material for rendering, in paste-form, is then laid on the flat net 3, which bonds to the net 3 and the underlying slab 2, in order to solidify and realise the desired layer of rendering.
  • This material for rendering is preferably constituted by a mixture comprising a grout having characteristics of porosity, and a special glue, generally a transparent resin suitable for gripping onto the flat net 3 and the slab 2.
  • Excellent results have been obtained using the pasted commercially retailed as BETONFIX RS, produced by KIMIA S.p.A.
  • In particular, to increase the seal of the layer of rendering 4 on the slab 2, the slab is grooved in a series of anchoring channels 22.
  • During the rendering stage, the channels 22 are filled with the paste material so that after drying there is a bond which prevents the sliding of the layer of rendering 4 on the slab 2.
  • It is worthy of note that the material used for the layer of rendering 4 is also, after dilution in water, advantageously used for the grouting stage when fixing the flat net 3 to the slab 2.
  • As illustrated in the figures, the flat net 3 exhibits a projecting limb 30 extending outwardly from the slab 2, while the layer of rendering 4 covers a limited surface of the slab 2, so as to leave thereon a free strip 23.
  • In more detail, the limb 30 projects from two consecutive sides of the edge of the slab 20, and the free strip 23 is adjacent to the remaining sides of the edge.
  • When the prefabricated panels 1 are arranged on the wall 10, the projecting limb 30 of each of the panels 1 at least partially covers the free strip 23 of the adjacent panels 1 (see figure 6).
  • In this way, a modular cladding 100 is obtained, which comprises a plurality of rendered areas, each constituted by a layer of rendering 4, which are separated among themselves by free strips 23 lacking in rendering and covered by limbs of flat net 3 (see figure 1).
  • The free strips 23 are then covered with a layer of rendering material, preferably of the same type as the rendering used for the manufacture of the prefabricated panels 1, in order to make the façade on view uniform.
  • In the embodiment of the prefabricated panels 1 according to the invention, shown in figure 7, the flat net 3 of each of the panels 1 extends up until it also covers the free strip 23.
  • In this embodiment, when the prefabricated panels 1 are laid, the free strip 23 of each one thereof is covered by two superposed limbs of flat net 3, of which one limb belongs to the same prefabricated panel 1, while the other limb belongs to the adjacent prefabricated panel 1.
  • This overlapping means that after the final rendering stage of the free strips 23, the prefabricated panels 1 are more tightly bound to one another, reducing the risk that cracks might emerge at the lines of contact therebetween.

Claims (15)

  1. A system for cladding building structures (10), characterised in that it comprises a plurality of prefabricated panels (1) adapted to be arranged adjacent to one another and in reciprocal contact, and means for fixing (11) for fastening the prefabricated panels (1) to the building structure (10), in order to form a modular cladding (100),
    each prefabricated panel (1) comprising a slab (2) made of a heat-insulating material, a flat net (3) stretched and fixed on the slab (2), and a layer of rendering (4) laid on the flat net (3) and stably fixed to the slab (2); characterised in that the flat net (3) associated to each prefabricated panel (1) exhibits a limb (30) projecting from an edge of the slab (2), and the layer of rendering (4) covers a limited surface area of the slab (2), leaving a free strip (23) on the slab (2), the prefabricated panels (1) being adapted to be arranged in such a way that the projecting limb (30) of each prefabricated panel (1) covers the free strip (23) of the slab (2) of at least a prefabricated slab (2) which is adjacent thereto; the free strip (23) of the slab (2) of each prefabricated panel (1) being also covered by the flat net (3) associated to the same prefabricated panel (1) in such a way that, in use, the free strip (23) is covered by two superposed limbs (30).
  2. The system of claim 1, characterised in that the slab (2) and the layer of rendering (4) of each prefabricated panel (1) both have transpiration characteristics, as they allow passage of vapour, thus preventing a formation of condensation.
  3. The system of claim 1, characterised in that the slab (2) is made of a material selected from a group comprising polystyrene and polyurethane.
  4. The system of claim 1, characterised in that the slab (2) is made of cork.
  5. The system of claim 1, characterised in that the flat net (3) is made of a plastic material.
  6. The system of claim 1, characterised in that the layer of rendering (4) is made of a plaster mixed with a glue in order to grip onto the flat net (3) and the slab (2).
  7. The system of claim 1, characterised in that the slab (2) is grooved by at least an anchoring channel (22), which fills with the material of the layer of rendering (4), in order to realise a coupling which prevents sliding of the layer of rendering (4) on the slab (2).
  8. The system of claim 1, characterised in that the slab (2) of each prefabricated panel (1) has, in plan view, a substantially rectangular shape.
  9. The system of claim 8, characterised in that the flat net (3) of each prefabricated panel (1) comprises a projecting limb (30) which projects from two consecutive sides of the edge of the relative slab (2), and the layer of rendering (4) covers a limited surface of the slab (2), in order to define on the slab (2) a free strip (23) which is adjacent to the remaining consecutive sides of the edge.
  10. The system of claim 8, characterised in that the slab (2) of each prefabricated panel (1) exhibits a projecting rib (20) which develops along two consecutive sides thereof, and a housing channel (21) which runs along the remaining sides thereof, which channel (21) is adapted to strike against and receive the projecting rib (20) of at least an adjacent prefabricated panel (1).
  11. A process for manufacturing prefabricated panels (1) destined for use as modular cladding (100) for building structures (10), characterised in that it comprises stages of:
    preparing a plurality of slabs (2) of heat-insulating material, and a plurality of flat nets (3);
    applying a flat net (3) on each slab (2);
    laying on each flat net (3) a coating of rendering (4),
    the above stages being realised using dedicated apparatus and in a factory;
    characterised in that the flat net (3) is associated to each prefabricated panel (1) in order to exhibit a limb (30) projecting from an edge of the slab (2), the layer of rendering (4) covering a limited surface area of the slab (2), leaving a free strip (23) on the slab (2), the prefabricated panels (1) being arranged in such a way that the projecting limb (30) of each prefabricated panel (1) is able to cover the free strip (23) of the slab (2) of at least a prefabricated slab (2) which is adjacent thereto;
    the free strip (23) of the slab (2) of each prefabricated panel (1) being also covered by the flat net (3) associated to the same prefabricated panel (1) in such a way that, in use, the free strip (23) is covered by two superposed limbs (30).
  12. The process of claim 11, characterised in that the application of the flat net (3) comprises fixing the flat net (3) to the slab (2) before spreading on the coating of rendering (4).
  13. The process of claim 12, characterised in that the fixing of the flat net (3) to the slab (2) is obtained by gluing, using a diluted mixture of plaster and a glue to create a grip on the flat net (3) and the slab (2).
  14. A process for realising modular cladding (100) for building structures (10), characterised in that it comprises stages of:
    preparing a plurality of prefabricated panels (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 10;
    arranging the prefabricated panels (1) on the building structure (10), adjacent to one another and in reciprocal contact; and
    fixing the prefabricated panels (1) to the building structure (10).
  15. The process of claim 14, characterised in that it comprises:
    arranging the prefabricated panels (1) in such a way that each projecting limb (30) of the flat net (3) of each prefabricated panel (1) covers the free strip (23) of the slab (2) of at least an adjacent prefabricated panel (1), and a rendering of the free strip (23).
EP06795443A 2005-09-07 2006-09-04 A system for cladding building structures Active EP1922451B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000099A ITRE20050099A1 (en) 2005-09-07 2005-09-07 SYSTEM FOR COATING BUILDING STRUCTURES
PCT/IB2006/002464 WO2007029105A1 (en) 2005-09-07 2006-09-04 A system for cladding building structures

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1922451A1 EP1922451A1 (en) 2008-05-21
EP1922451B1 true EP1922451B1 (en) 2011-10-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06795443A Active EP1922451B1 (en) 2005-09-07 2006-09-04 A system for cladding building structures

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1922451B1 (en)
AR (1) AR058661A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE529577T1 (en)
ES (1) ES2374304T3 (en)
IT (1) ITRE20050099A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007029105A1 (en)

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GB201009880D0 (en) * 2010-06-14 2010-07-21 Melvin Glenn Construction panel and method of use thereof
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ITPD20110212A1 (en) * 2011-06-24 2012-12-25 Rea Robotics Srl EQUIPMENT FOR HANDLING SLABS AND REINFORCEMENT NETWORKS, PARTICULARLY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PREFABRICATED PANELS FOR BUILDING
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JP5792266B2 (en) * 2013-11-21 2015-10-07 真和建装株式会社 Building material for pin net method and pin net method using it
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JP6552191B2 (en) * 2014-12-15 2019-07-31 真和建装株式会社 Building material for pin net method and pin net method using it
FR3036717A1 (en) * 2015-05-27 2016-12-02 Habib Aboudi THERMAL INSULATION METHOD FROM THE OUTSIDE OF A BUILDING AND THERMAL INSULATION MODULE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUCH A METHOD
GB2540795A (en) * 2015-07-28 2017-02-01 Sps Envirowall Ltd Improvements in and relating to construction

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Publication number Publication date
ATE529577T1 (en) 2011-11-15
ITRE20050099A1 (en) 2007-03-08
AR058661A1 (en) 2008-02-20
EP1922451A1 (en) 2008-05-21
ES2374304T3 (en) 2012-02-15
WO2007029105A1 (en) 2007-03-15

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