EP1921379B1 - Kiln cylinder provided with cooling fluid conduit - Google Patents

Kiln cylinder provided with cooling fluid conduit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1921379B1
EP1921379B1 EP07291262A EP07291262A EP1921379B1 EP 1921379 B1 EP1921379 B1 EP 1921379B1 EP 07291262 A EP07291262 A EP 07291262A EP 07291262 A EP07291262 A EP 07291262A EP 1921379 B1 EP1921379 B1 EP 1921379B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roller
kiln
grating according
passage
cooling fluid
Prior art date
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Application number
EP07291262A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1921379A1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Combaneyre
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Vinci Environnement SA
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Vinci Environnement SA
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Priority to PL07291262T priority Critical patent/PL1921379T3/en
Publication of EP1921379A1 publication Critical patent/EP1921379A1/en
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Publication of EP1921379B1 publication Critical patent/EP1921379B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H9/00—Revolving-grates; Rocking or shaking grates
    • F23H9/02—Revolving cylindrical grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2700/00—Grates characterised by special features or applications
    • F23H2700/004—Rotary grates with horizontal axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a roll for a grate of combustion and / or incineration furnace, and in particular for the incineration of waste, and a grid equipped with such rollers arranged in cascade and driven in rotation about parallel horizontal axes in order to allow the advancement of fuels and / or waste in an oven.
  • Another object of the invention relates to a use of such a grid.
  • Rollers for combustion and / or incineration furnaces are well known in the prior art. Commonly, they are composed of a cylindrical metal frame on which curved bars forming rings around said frame are arranged. Said bars are regularly distributed along said frame and the space formed between the bars allows the supply of air to the oven through said rollers.
  • the bars on which the waste is placed are subjected to very severe thermal stresses because of the high temperature levels prevailing in the combustion zone and the large temperature differences between the heatings due to the radiation and the contact of the materials in combustion and the cooling from the blowing of combustion air.
  • These large thermal stresses cause expansions and contractions of the constituent material of the bars causing dimensional variations and offsets between the bars and thus making possible the passage of clinker or metal casting between the bars.
  • the air passing through the rollers is no longer distributed properly.
  • the grids equipped with such rollers can only partially exploit the calorific value of the waste. Indeed, in order to limit the thermal stresses exerted on the bars, the temperature in the furnace hearth is limited so that the combustion of some waste remains incomplete.
  • rollers with a cooling device for maintaining the bars at a restricted temperature.
  • the document US 5,042,401 describes a roller having hollow longitudinal bars forming the outer surface of the waste support and allowing the passage of a cooling fluid.
  • the bars are fed in parallel by means of a flow distribution device disposed at one end of said roll.
  • the bars undergo significant deformations related to an "all or nothing" exposure in the furnace of the incineration furnace.
  • the risk of blockage of the rollers by the transit areas between two adjacent rollers and / or slag falls in these transit areas are important.
  • the document GB 251 849 describes a roller composed of a cylindrical central tube inside which circulates a cooling fluid and around which are arranged curved bars forming rings around said central tube.
  • the cooling circuit only allows a poor cooling of the surface of the bars actually in contact with the products to be incinerated and the thermal stresses applied on the bars are only slightly decreased.
  • the document GB 19678 discloses a roll for oven rack to be rotatably mounted in the furnace hearth about a longitudinal axis to said roll, comprising a frame 1 forming a cylindrical cage, a fuel support surface mounted around said frame 1, said surface being provided with means for passage of the oxidant gas through said roller (between the elements 2), the support surface being formed by a plurality of ducts 2 allowing the passage of a cooling fluid (water) and forming a winding around of the axis.
  • the invention aims to remedy these problems by proposing a roll for an oven rack that is more resistant to the temperature conditions prevailing in the oven in order to limit the maintenance operations and to allow the waste to be incinerated at high temperatures in order to obtain complete combustion of waste.
  • the roller is remarkable in that the support surface is formed by at least one duct allowing the passage of a cooling fluid and forming a winding around the axis A.
  • the particular shape of the passage of the cooling fluid ensures uniform cooling of the support surface of the fuel. Consequently, the support surface is subjected only to slight expansions and / or contractions during the rotation of the roller and its successive exposures to the combustion chamber and, to the blowing zone of the combustion air. Thus, the dimensional variations of the passage means of the oxidizing gas are limited.
  • the low thermal load of the material of the winding increases the mechanical load capacity and the resistance to corrosion wear.
  • the fuel support surface being maintained at relatively low temperatures, the product to be burned can be optimally supplied with oxidizing gas so as to obtain a maximum temperature spectrum in the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion waste is almost complete and the calorific value of the waste is exploited at best.
  • the formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is limited.
  • the winding is substantially helical.
  • the shape of the winding makes it possible to ensure the complete purging of the duct in natural air
  • the passage means of the oxidizing gas are constituted by an intermediate space formed between the turns of the winding.
  • the winding comprises a plurality of hollow elements assembled by sealing connection means arranged at each end of said elements.
  • the winding consists of an alternation of hollow support elements and removable hollow elements, said hollow support elements being secured to the framework by attachment means.
  • connection between the elements is simple and allows the passage of the cooling fluid.
  • removable elements are reported radially on the support elements which allows the assembly of the elements by the outside of the frame.
  • the fixing means are provided with a clearance allowing a slight movement of the elements.
  • said clearance limits the stresses applied to the elements due to the differences in expansion between the adjacent elements and facilitates the connection of the hollow elements.
  • the hollow elements are formed of caissons made in one piece.
  • said elements are formed of rigid channels provided with an opening directed towards the outside of said roll and a cover plate of said opening.
  • the cooling circuit is made without flexible piping which considerably reduces the risk of leaks.
  • the refractory steel cover plate is removable to allow its replacement.
  • the cover plate is a wear part that can be changed to facilitate the maintenance of said rollers.
  • the elements further comprise two longitudinal connecting pieces fixed to the channel on either side of the opening, said cover plate being fixed on an outer wall of the connecting pieces and said connecting pieces overflowing on both sides. other of the cover plate.
  • the invention relates to an incineration grid comprising a plurality of rollers according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the invention relates to the use of an incineration grid according to the second aspect of the invention, the direction of displacement of the fluid inside the winding being reversed with respect to the direction of rotation. w of the roller around the axis.
  • a grate for an incineration and / or waste combustion furnace is equipped with several rollers 1 arranged in cascade and driven in rotation at relatively low speeds, of approximately 0.5 to 3 revolutions / hour, around horizontal axes A, A 'parallel to allow the advance of waste in the oven.
  • the grids comprise about 6 rollers 1 of about 1 meter 50 in diameter.
  • the rollers 1 follow one another in the direction of displacement (arrow x) of the fuel, according to a downward slope ⁇ of about 15 °.
  • an oxidizing gas such as air is blown substantially vertically through the rollers 1 (arrow y).
  • the adjacent rollers 1 are separated by a transit joint 19 making it possible to form a junction between the two rollers 1 and thus to avoid falling waste or slag between the two rollers 1.
  • a roll 1 comprises a frame 2, shown on the figure 1 , and a support surface, shown schematically on the figure 4 mounted around said framework 2 and provided with means for passing the oxidant gas through said roll 1.
  • the metal frame 2 of roll 1 is intended to be mounted in the oven in rotation about its central longitudinal axis A.
  • the frame 2 consists of longitudinal rails 21 extending from one end 13a to another 13b of said frame 2 and thus forming a substantially cylindrical cage.
  • bars 22 substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal members 21 are fixed to the adjacent longitudinal members 21 and make it possible to increase the rigidity of the framework 2.
  • a disc 23a, 23b carries a shaft 24 coaxial with the axis A projecting outwardly of said framework 2 and for mounting the frame 2 on two levels of end, not shown.
  • a drive system cooperates with one of the shafts 24 to drive the roller 1 in rotation.
  • the frame 2 is further provided with a central core 18 extending longitudinally between the two ends 13a, 13b of said framework 2.
  • the maximum deflection of the frame 2 is weak.
  • the frame 2 is also equipped with fixed blades, not shown, welded to the central core 18, to ensure a homogeneous distribution of the oxidant gas through the roller 1 and the attraction of waste in the area of transit between the rollers 1.
  • the support surface of the waste is formed by a conduit 3 for the passage of a cooling fluid.
  • the duct 3 forms a winding 4 around the axis A.
  • the winding 4 is helical.
  • the winding 4 may also be composed of rings coaxial with the axis A arranged around the frame and separated by spacers allowing the passage of the gas, the rings being connected to allow the flow coolant between the rings.
  • the pitch of the winding 4 is arranged to form an intermediate space between the adjacent turns 5, said intermediate space constituting the passage means of the combustion gas.
  • the winding 4 is perfectly regular. However, it is also conceivable that the pitch of the winding 4 varies over the length of the roll 1.
  • the duct 3 for passage of the cooling fluid is connected firstly to a supply 11 of cooling fluid while at its downstream end, the duct 3 is connected to a discharge 12 of the fluid.
  • the supply 11 and the evacuation 12 are introduced inside the frame 2 by the same end 13a of said frame 2: the end opposite the end comprising the shaft 24 cooperating with the system. 'training.
  • the introductions of the feed 11 and the discharge 12 inside the frame 2 are not impeded by the drive system.
  • the feed 11 and the discharge 12 each comprise a coaxial portion 14, 15 to the axis A, passing inside the shafts 24 coaxial with the axis A.
  • Radial portions 16, 17 to said roll 1 connect the supply 11 and the discharge 12 respectively at the upstream and downstream ends of the duct 3 for passage of the cooling fluid.
  • a gland seal ensures sealing at the connection between the coaxial portions of the supply 11 and the discharge 12 of the cooling fluid.
  • the winding 4 is formed by assembling different elements 26, 27 forming turns 5, illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the diameter of a turn 5 must be slightly greater than that of the frame 2 to allow its mounting around said frame 2 and its pitch, and therefore the total number of turns 5, is established according to the desired percentage interspaces forming the passage means of the gas. This percentage can be established according to the waste to be treated and the flow of oxidizing gas.
  • the section of the turns 5 is arranged to allow good contact between the cooling fluid and the face of the turns 5 directly supporting the waste.
  • the turns 5 are formed of rigid helical channels 6 fixed at their ends, for example by welding.
  • the section of the channels 6 has a substantially U-shaped, provided with an opening 7 directed towards the outside of the roll 1 and a cover 8 of said opening 7, made of refractory steel.
  • the cover piece 8 which forms the waste support face and which is therefore subject to abrasion due to the waste is removable and can be replaced.
  • two connecting pieces 9a, 9b are fixed to the channel 6 on either side of the opening 7 and serve to support the cover plates 8.
  • the cover plate 8 is fixed on a outer wall 10 of the connecting pieces 9a, 9b and said connecting pieces 9a, 9b protrude on either side of the cover plate 8.
  • the method of assembling a roll 1 according to this first embodiment is as follows: The channels 6 in U are placed end to end and thus assembled around the frame 1. The connecting pieces 9a, 9b are then fixed by welding on either side of the opening 7 and the cover plate 8 can then be welded to said connecting pieces 9a, 9b.
  • the winding 4 consists of a plurality of hollow elements 26, 27 formed of caissons made in one piece, which are assembled by connecting means 25 disposed at the ends of said elements 26, 27.
  • the boxes can be made in one piece or by assembling a plate covering a molded part.
  • the connecting means 25 of the elements 26, 27 are shown in detail on the figure 8 .
  • the support elements 26 are secured to the frame 2 by attachment means 35a, 35b and the removable elements 27 are supported on the support members 26 and secured to the frame 2 by means of the support members 26 and connection means 25.
  • the attachment means 35a, 35b are composed of a first fixing point 35a fixed on the frame 2 and a second fixing point 36a provided with a slight clearance allowing a slight deflection of the support member 26 relative to the frame 2.
  • the support members 26 have, at each of their ends, a first trough 28, or lower trough, extending towards the adjacent removable element 27.
  • the upper face of the lower chutes 28 is provided with an opening 30 allowing the passage of the cooling fluid.
  • the removable elements 27 also have, at each of their ends, an upper trough 27, or second trough, extending towards the first adjacent element, the lower face of the upper chutes 29 also being provided with an opening 31.
  • the upper chute 29 of the removable element 27 rests on the lower chute 28 of the support element 26 and fastening means 36, 34 make it possible to secure the said elements 26, 27.
  • the openings 30, 31 coincide so as to allow the fluid passage of cooling between the elements 26, 27 and a seal 32 arranged between the upper chute 29 and the lower chute 28 makes it possible to seal the connection means 25.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 represent, by way of example, fixing means consisting of two screws 36a, 36b and two nuts 34 arranged on either side of the openings 30, 31.
  • the screws 36a, 36b comprise an Allen head 37 inserted into a housing formed in the second chute 29 and a rod 38 passing through the first chute 28 via a bore of oblong section 33a, 33b.
  • the rod 38 comprises a threaded end which cooperates with the nut 34.
  • the nut 34 is pre-mounted on the support member 26 by means of a mounting claw 39.
  • the housing of the screw head 37 is formed in a full end of the first chute 27 and the oblong section bores 33a, 33b are formed in solid side columns 40a, 40b.
  • the screws 36a, 36b are not in direct contact with the cooling fluid.
  • the nut 34 is mounted in the mounting claw 39 with a slight clearance in the longitudinal direction of the winding 4.
  • the oblong shape of the bores 33a, 33b and the previously mentioned clearance allows a slight movement of the elements 26, 27 (arrow v) to reduce the stresses applied to the elements 26, 27 due to differences in expansion between the adjacent elements 26,27.
  • the screws 36a, 36b can then be removed in order to release the removable element 26.
  • the removable element 26 is removed, the The user then has access to the attachment means 35a, 35b which can then be dissociated from the support elements 27 in order to release them.
  • a selected part of the winding 4 can be dismounted to access the interior of the roll or replace the most worn parts of the winding 4.
  • connection means 25 is not limited to the embodiment of the Figures 7 to 9 but can also be combined with the embodiment of the hollow elements shown on the Figures 5 and 6 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The roller has a frame forming a cylindrical case. A fuel support surface is mounted around the frame, where the surface is provided with fuel passage unit for passage of fuel through the roller. The surface is formed by a duct (3) permitting passage of a cooling fluid and forming a helical winding (4) around an axis (A). Hollow elements are formed of channels provided with an opening directed towards exterior of the roller and a covering plate made of refractory steel.

Description

L'invention concerne un rouleau pour grille de four à combustion et/ou à incinération, et notamment pour l'incinération de déchets, et une grille équipée de tels rouleaux agencés en cascade et entraînés en rotation autour d'axes horizontaux parallèles afin de permettre l'avancée des combustibles et/ou des déchets dans un four.The invention relates to a roll for a grate of combustion and / or incineration furnace, and in particular for the incineration of waste, and a grid equipped with such rollers arranged in cascade and driven in rotation about parallel horizontal axes in order to allow the advancement of fuels and / or waste in an oven.

Un autre objet de l'invention concerne une utilisation d'une telle grille.Another object of the invention relates to a use of such a grid.

Les rouleaux pour four à combustion et/ou à incinération sont bien connus dans l'art antérieur. Couramment, ils sont composés d'une ossature métallique cylindrique sur laquelle des barreaux incurvés formant des anneaux autour de ladite ossature sont disposés. Lesdits barreaux sont régulièrement répartis le long de ladite ossature et l'espace formé entre les barreaux permet l'alimentation du four en air au travers desdits rouleaux.Rollers for combustion and / or incineration furnaces are well known in the prior art. Commonly, they are composed of a cylindrical metal frame on which curved bars forming rings around said frame are arranged. Said bars are regularly distributed along said frame and the space formed between the bars allows the supply of air to the oven through said rollers.

Les barreaux sur lesquels reposent les déchets sont soumis à des contraintes thermiques très sévères en raison du niveau élevé des températures régnant dans la zone de combustion et des écarts de température importants entre les échauffements dus au rayonnement et au contact des matières en combustion et le refroidissement provenant du soufflage d'air comburant. Ces contraintes thermiques importantes provoquent des dilatations et des contractions de la matière constitutive des barreaux entraînant des variations dimensionnelles et décalages entre les barreaux et rendant ainsi possible des phénomènes de passage de mâchefer ou de coulée de métal entre les barreaux. En outre, l'air passant au travers des rouleaux n'est alors plus réparti convenablement.The bars on which the waste is placed are subjected to very severe thermal stresses because of the high temperature levels prevailing in the combustion zone and the large temperature differences between the heatings due to the radiation and the contact of the materials in combustion and the cooling from the blowing of combustion air. These large thermal stresses cause expansions and contractions of the constituent material of the bars causing dimensional variations and offsets between the bars and thus making possible the passage of clinker or metal casting between the bars. In addition, the air passing through the rollers is no longer distributed properly.

Ainsi, la durée de vie des barreaux se trouve réduite car ils doivent être changés régulièrement afin d'éviter les inconvénients précédemment mentionnés.Thus, the life of the bars is reduced because they must be changed regularly to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above.

Par ailleurs, les grilles équipées de tels rouleaux ne permettent d'exploiter que partiellement le pouvoir calorifique des déchets. En effet, afin de limiter les contraintes thermiques exercées sur les barreaux, la température régnant dans le foyer du four est limitée de sorte que la combustion de certains déchets reste incomplète.In addition, the grids equipped with such rollers can only partially exploit the calorific value of the waste. Indeed, in order to limit the thermal stresses exerted on the bars, the temperature in the furnace hearth is limited so that the combustion of some waste remains incomplete.

Afin de résoudre ces problèmes, il est connu de munir les rouleaux d'un dispositif de refroidissement permettant de maintenir les barreaux à une température restreinte.To solve these problems, it is known to provide the rollers with a cooling device for maintaining the bars at a restricted temperature.

Les documents US 5 042 401 , GB 251 849 et GB 19 678 décrivent de tels rouleaux.The documents US 5,042,401 , GB 251 849 and GB 19,678 describe such rollers.

Le document US 5 042 401 décrit un rouleau possédant des barreaux longitudinaux creux formant la surface extérieure de support des déchets et permettant le passage d'un fluide de refroidissement. Les barreaux sont alimentés en parallèle au moyen d'un dispositif de répartition du flux disposé à une extrémité dudit rouleau.The document US 5,042,401 describes a roller having hollow longitudinal bars forming the outer surface of the waste support and allowing the passage of a cooling fluid. The bars are fed in parallel by means of a flow distribution device disposed at one end of said roll.

Cependant, dans ce cas, les barreaux subissent des déformations importantes liées à une exposition « tout ou rien » dans le foyer du four d'incinération. En outre, en raison de cette disposition des barreaux et des risques de déformation, les risques de blocage des rouleaux par les zones de transit situées entre deux rouleaux adjacents et/ou de chutes de mâchefer au niveau de ces zones de transit sont importants.However, in this case, the bars undergo significant deformations related to an "all or nothing" exposure in the furnace of the incineration furnace. In addition, because of this arrangement of the bars and the risk of deformation, the risk of blockage of the rollers by the transit areas between two adjacent rollers and / or slag falls in these transit areas are important.

Le document GB 251 849 décrit un rouleau composé d'un tube central cylindrique à l'intérieur duquel circule un fluide de refroidissement et autour duquel sont disposés des barreaux incurvés formant des anneaux autour dudit tube central. Toutefois, le circuit de refroidissement ne permet de refroidir que de façon médiocre la surface des barreaux réellement en contact avec les produits à incinérer et les contraintes thermiques appliquées sur les barreaux ne sont que faiblement diminuées.The document GB 251 849 describes a roller composed of a cylindrical central tube inside which circulates a cooling fluid and around which are arranged curved bars forming rings around said central tube. However, the cooling circuit only allows a poor cooling of the surface of the bars actually in contact with the products to be incinerated and the thermal stresses applied on the bars are only slightly decreased.

Le document GB 19678 décrit un rouleau pour grille de four destiné à être monté en rotation dans le foyer du four autour d'un axe longitudinal audit rouleau, comprenant une ossature 1 formant une cage cylindrique, une surface de support du combustible montée autour de ladite ossature 1, ladite surface étant pourvue de moyens de passage du gaz comburant au travers dudit rouleau (entre les éléments 2), la surface de support étant formée par une pluralité de conduits 2 permettant le passage d'un fluide de refroidissement (eau) et formant un enroulement autour de l'axe.The document GB 19678 discloses a roll for oven rack to be rotatably mounted in the furnace hearth about a longitudinal axis to said roll, comprising a frame 1 forming a cylindrical cage, a fuel support surface mounted around said frame 1, said surface being provided with means for passage of the oxidant gas through said roller (between the elements 2), the support surface being formed by a plurality of ducts 2 allowing the passage of a cooling fluid (water) and forming a winding around of the axis.

L'invention vise à remédier à ces problèmes en proposant un rouleau pour grille de four résistant davantage aux conditions de température régnant dans le four afin de limiter les opérations de maintenance et permettre l'incinération des déchets à des températures élevées afin d'obtenir une combustion complète des déchets.The invention aims to remedy these problems by proposing a roll for an oven rack that is more resistant to the temperature conditions prevailing in the oven in order to limit the maintenance operations and to allow the waste to be incinerated at high temperatures in order to obtain complete combustion of waste.

À cet effet, et selon un premier aspect, l'invention propose un rouleau pour grille de four destiné à être monté en rotation autour d'un axe A, longitudinal audit rouleau comprenant :

  • une ossature formant une cage cylindrique ; et
  • une surface de support du combustible montée autour de ladite ossature, ladite surface étant pourvue de moyens de passage du gaz comburant au travers dudit rouleau.
For this purpose, and according to a first aspect, the invention proposes a roll for an oven rack intended to be mounted in rotation about an axis A, longitudinal to said roll comprising:
  • a frame forming a cylindrical cage; and
  • a fuel support surface mounted around said framework, said surface being provided with means for passing the oxidant gas through said roll.

Le rouleau est remarquable en ce que la surface de support est formée par au moins un conduit permettant le passage d'un fluide de refroidissement et formant un enroulement autour de l'axe A.The roller is remarkable in that the support surface is formed by at least one duct allowing the passage of a cooling fluid and forming a winding around the axis A.

La forme particulière du conduit de passage du fluide de refroidissement permet d'assurer le refroidissement uniforme de la surface de support des combustibles. Par conséquent, la surface de support n'est soumise qu'à des légères dilatations et/ou contractions lors de la rotation du rouleau et ses expositions successives au foyer de combustion et, à la zone de soufflage de l'air comburant. Ainsi, les variations dimensionnelles des moyens de passage du gaz comburant sont limitées.The particular shape of the passage of the cooling fluid ensures uniform cooling of the support surface of the fuel. Consequently, the support surface is subjected only to slight expansions and / or contractions during the rotation of the roller and its successive exposures to the combustion chamber and, to the blowing zone of the combustion air. Thus, the dimensional variations of the passage means of the oxidizing gas are limited.

En outre, la faible charge thermique du matériau de l'enroulement permet d'accroître la capacité de charge mécanique et la résistance à l'usure par corrosion.In addition, the low thermal load of the material of the winding increases the mechanical load capacity and the resistance to corrosion wear.

Par ailleurs, la surface de support du combustible étant maintenue à des températures relativement basses, le produit à brûler peut être alimenté d'une manière optimale en gaz comburant de façon à obtenir un spectre de température maximum dans la chambre de combustion. Ainsi, la combustion des déchets est quasiment intégrale et le pouvoir calorifique des déchets est exploité au mieux. En outre, la formation d'oxydes d'azotes (NOx) est limitée.Furthermore, the fuel support surface being maintained at relatively low temperatures, the product to be burned can be optimally supplied with oxidizing gas so as to obtain a maximum temperature spectrum in the combustion chamber. Thus, the combustion waste is almost complete and the calorific value of the waste is exploited at best. In addition, the formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is limited.

Enfin, les phénomènes de coulées de métal fondu au travers les moyens de passage du gaz comburant sont beaucoup plus improbables, ce qui assure dans la durée une bonne traversée et une bonne répartition du gaz comburant au travers du rouleau.Finally, the phenomena of casting molten metal through the passage means of the oxidant gas are much more unlikely, which ensures over time a good crossing and a good distribution of the oxidant gas through the roller.

Avantageusement, l'enroulement est sensiblement hélicoïdal. Ainsi, la forme de l'enroulement permet d'assurer la purge complète du conduit en air naturelAdvantageously, the winding is substantially helical. Thus, the shape of the winding makes it possible to ensure the complete purging of the duct in natural air

Avantageusement, les moyens de passage du gaz comburant sont constitués par un espace intercalaire ménagé entre les spires de l'enroulement.Advantageously, the passage means of the oxidizing gas are constituted by an intermediate space formed between the turns of the winding.

Avantageusement, l'enroulement comprend une pluralité d'éléments creux assemblés par des moyens de raccordement étanche disposés à chaque extrémité desdits éléments.Advantageously, the winding comprises a plurality of hollow elements assembled by sealing connection means arranged at each end of said elements.

Ainsi, le montage de l'enroulement est relativement simple.Thus, the assembly of the winding is relatively simple.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'enroulement est constitué d'une alternance d'éléments creux de support et d'éléments creux amovibles, lesdits éléments creux de support étant solidarisés à l'ossature par des moyens d'attache. Ainsi, l'accès à l'intérieur du rouleau pour des opérations de maintenance et le changement des éléments sont des opérations simples.In one embodiment of the invention, the winding consists of an alternation of hollow support elements and removable hollow elements, said hollow support elements being secured to the framework by attachment means. Thus, access to the interior of the roll for maintenance operations and change of elements are simple operations.

Avantageusement, les moyens de raccordement comprennent :

  • une première goulotte formée à chaque extrémité des éléments de support ;
  • une seconde goulotte formée à chaque extrémité des éléments amovibles ;
  • lesdites goulottes étant munies d'ouvertures coïncidentes permettant le passage du fluide de refroidissement entre les éléments de support et les éléments amovibles et solidarisés par des moyens de fixation.
Advantageously, the connection means comprise:
  • a first chute formed at each end of the support members;
  • a second chute formed at each end of the removable elements;
  • said chutes being provided with coincident openings allowing the passage of the cooling fluid between the support elements and the removable elements and secured by fastening means.

Ainsi, le raccordement entre les éléments est simple et permet le passage du fluide de refroidissement. En outre, les éléments amovibles sont rapportés radialement sur les éléments support ce qui permet l'assemblage des éléments par l'extérieur de l'ossature.Thus, the connection between the elements is simple and allows the passage of the cooling fluid. In addition, the removable elements are reported radially on the support elements which allows the assembly of the elements by the outside of the frame.

Avantageusement, les moyens de fixation sont pourvus d'un jeu autorisant un léger débattement des éléments. Ainsi, ledit jeu limite les contraintes appliquées sur les éléments en raison des différences de dilatation entre les éléments adjacents et facilite le raccordement des éléments creux.Advantageously, the fixing means are provided with a clearance allowing a slight movement of the elements. Thus, said clearance limits the stresses applied to the elements due to the differences in expansion between the adjacent elements and facilitates the connection of the hollow elements.

Avantageusement, dans un mode de réalisation, les éléments creux sont formés de caissons réalisés d'une seule pièce.Advantageously, in one embodiment, the hollow elements are formed of caissons made in one piece.

Avantageusement, dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, lesdits éléments sont formés de canaux rigides pourvus d'une ouverture dirigée vers l'extérieur dudit rouleau et d'une plaque de recouvrement de ladite ouverture.Advantageously, in another embodiment of the invention, said elements are formed of rigid channels provided with an opening directed towards the outside of said roll and a cover plate of said opening.

Ainsi, le circuit de refroidissement est réalisé sans tuyauterie flexible ce qui diminue considérablement les risques de fuites.Thus, the cooling circuit is made without flexible piping which considerably reduces the risk of leaks.

Avantageusement, la plaque de recouvrement en acier réfractaire est amovible afin de permettre son remplacement. Ainsi, la plaque de recouvrement constitue une pièce d'usure qui peut être changé afin de faciliter la maintenance desdits rouleaux.Advantageously, the refractory steel cover plate is removable to allow its replacement. Thus, the cover plate is a wear part that can be changed to facilitate the maintenance of said rollers.

Avantageusement, les éléments comprennent en outre deux pièces de liaison longitudinales fixées au canal de part et d'autre de l'ouverture, ladite plaque de recouvrement étant fixée sur une paroi extérieure des pièces de liaison et lesdites pièces de liaison débordant de part et d'autre de la plaque de recouvrement. Ainsi, l'accès aux plaques de recouvrement et par conséquent leur remplacement sont aisés.Advantageously, the elements further comprise two longitudinal connecting pieces fixed to the channel on either side of the opening, said cover plate being fixed on an outer wall of the connecting pieces and said connecting pieces overflowing on both sides. other of the cover plate. Thus, access to the cover plates and therefore their replacement are easy.

Selon un deuxième aspect, l'invention concerne une grille d'incinération comportant une pluralité de rouleaux selon le premier aspect de l'invention.According to a second aspect, the invention relates to an incineration grid comprising a plurality of rollers according to the first aspect of the invention.

Selon un troisième aspect, l'invention concerne l'utilisation d'une grille d'incinération selon le second aspect de l'invention, le sens de déplacement du fluide à l'intérieur de l'enroulement étant inversé par rapport au sens de rotation w du rouleau autour de l'axe.According to a third aspect, the invention relates to the use of an incineration grid according to the second aspect of the invention, the direction of displacement of the fluid inside the winding being reversed with respect to the direction of rotation. w of the roller around the axis.

D'autres objets et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui suit, faite en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'un mode de réalisation d'ossature adapté à un rouleau selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique latérale d'une portion de grille d'incinération selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une spire selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique en perspective du conduit de refroidissement formant un enroulement sensiblement hélicoïdal ;
  • les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues schématiques partielle d'une section du conduit de passage du fluide de refroidissement selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue schématique latérale d'une surface de support de combustible selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue schématique en coupe de deux éléments constitutifs de la surface de support de combustible selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 7 ; et
  • la figure 9 est une vue schématique en coupe selon le plan IX de la figure 8.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic representation in perspective of a frame embodiment adapted to a roller according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic side view of an incineration grid portion according to the invention;
  • the figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of a turn according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of the cooling duct forming a substantially helical winding;
  • the Figures 5 and 6 are partial schematic views of a section of the coolant passage duct according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 7 is a schematic side view of a fuel support surface according to a second embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 8 is a schematic sectional view of two constituent elements of the fuel support surface according to the embodiment of the figure 7 ; and
  • the figure 9 is a schematic sectional view along plane IX of the figure 8 .

Comme représentée sur la figure 2, une grille pour four d'incinération et/ou de combustion des déchets est équipée de plusieurs rouleaux 1 agencés en cascade et entraînés en rotation à des vitesses relativement faibles, de 0, 5 à 3 tours/heure environ, autour d'axes horizontaux A, A' parallèles afin de permettre l'avancée des déchets dans le four. Dans la pratique, les grilles comportent environ 6 rouleaux 1 d'environ 1 mètre 50 de diamètre.As represented on the figure 2 a grate for an incineration and / or waste combustion furnace is equipped with several rollers 1 arranged in cascade and driven in rotation at relatively low speeds, of approximately 0.5 to 3 revolutions / hour, around horizontal axes A, A 'parallel to allow the advance of waste in the oven. In practice, the grids comprise about 6 rollers 1 of about 1 meter 50 in diameter.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré de l'invention, les rouleaux 1 se succèdent dans la direction de déplacement (flèche x) du combustible, selon une pente descendante α d'environ 15°.In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the rollers 1 follow one another in the direction of displacement (arrow x) of the fuel, according to a downward slope α of about 15 °.

Pour l'entretien de la combustion, un gaz comburant comme l'air est soufflé sensiblement verticalement au travers des rouleaux 1 (flèche y).For the maintenance of combustion, an oxidizing gas such as air is blown substantially vertically through the rollers 1 (arrow y).

Les rouleaux 1 adjacents sont séparés par une jointure de transit 19 permettant de réaliser la jonction entre les deux rouleaux 1 et d'éviter ainsi les chutes de déchets ou de mâchefer entre les deux rouleaux 1.The adjacent rollers 1 are separated by a transit joint 19 making it possible to form a junction between the two rollers 1 and thus to avoid falling waste or slag between the two rollers 1.

Un rouleau 1 comprend une ossature 2, représentée sur la figure 1, et une surface de support, représentée schématiquement sur la figure 4, montée autour de ladite ossature 2 et pourvu de moyens de passage du gaz comburant au travers dudit rouleau 1.A roll 1 comprises a frame 2, shown on the figure 1 , and a support surface, shown schematically on the figure 4 mounted around said framework 2 and provided with means for passing the oxidant gas through said roll 1.

L'ossature métallique 2 de rouleau 1 est destinée à être montée dans le four en rotation autour de son axe longitudinal central A.The metal frame 2 of roll 1 is intended to be mounted in the oven in rotation about its central longitudinal axis A.

L'ossature 2 est constituée de longerons 21 longitudinaux s'étendant d'une extrémité 13a à une autre 13b de ladite ossature 2 et formant ainsi une cage sensiblement cylindrique. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, des barres 22 sensiblement perpendiculaires à la direction longitudinale des longerons 21 sont fixées aux longerons 21 adjacents et permettent d'augmenter la rigidité de l'ossature 2.The frame 2 consists of longitudinal rails 21 extending from one end 13a to another 13b of said frame 2 and thus forming a substantially cylindrical cage. In the embodiment shown, bars 22 substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal members 21 are fixed to the adjacent longitudinal members 21 and make it possible to increase the rigidity of the framework 2.

À chaque extrémité 13a, 13b de l'ossature 2, un disque 23a, 23b porte un arbre 24 coaxial à l'axe A faisant saillie vers l'extérieur de ladite ossature 2 et permettant de monter l'ossature 2 sur deux paliers d'extrémité, non représentés. Lorsque l'ossature 2 est montée dans le four, un système d'entraînement coopère avec un des arbres 24 afin d'entraîner le rouleau 1 en rotation.At each end 13a, 13b of the frame 2, a disc 23a, 23b carries a shaft 24 coaxial with the axis A projecting outwardly of said framework 2 and for mounting the frame 2 on two levels of end, not shown. When the frame 2 is mounted in the oven, a drive system cooperates with one of the shafts 24 to drive the roller 1 in rotation.

Afin d'assurer la rigidité du rouleau 1, l'ossature 2 est en outre pourvue d'une âme centrale 18 s'étendant longitudinalement entre les deux extrémités 13a, 13b de ladite ossature 2. Ainsi, la flèche maximale de l'ossature 2 est faible.In order to ensure the rigidity of the roll 1, the frame 2 is further provided with a central core 18 extending longitudinally between the two ends 13a, 13b of said framework 2. Thus, the maximum deflection of the frame 2 is weak.

Avantageusement, l'ossature 2 est également équipée d'aubages fixes, non représentés, soudés sur l'âme centrale 18, permettant d'assurer une répartition homogène du gaz comburant au travers du rouleau 1 et l'attisage des déchets dans la zone de transit entre les rouleaux 1.Advantageously, the frame 2 is also equipped with fixed blades, not shown, welded to the central core 18, to ensure a homogeneous distribution of the oxidant gas through the roller 1 and the attraction of waste in the area of transit between the rollers 1.

Comme représentée schématiquement sur la figure 4, la surface de support des déchets est formée par un conduit 3 permettant le passage d'un fluide de refroidissement. Le conduit 3 forme un enroulement 4 autour de l'axe A.As schematically represented on the figure 4 , the support surface of the waste is formed by a conduit 3 for the passage of a cooling fluid. The duct 3 forms a winding 4 around the axis A.

Dans le mode de réalisation préféré représenté sur la figure 4, l'enroulement 4 est hélicoïdal. Toutefois, on remarquera que l'enroulement 4 peut également être composé d'anneaux coaxiaux à l'axe A disposés autour de l'ossature et séparés par des espaces intercalaires permettant le passage du gaz, les anneaux étant connectées afin de permettre l'écoulement du fluide de refroidissement entre les anneaux.In the preferred embodiment shown in the figure 4 the winding 4 is helical. However, it will be noted that the winding 4 may also be composed of rings coaxial with the axis A arranged around the frame and separated by spacers allowing the passage of the gas, the rings being connected to allow the flow coolant between the rings.

Lorsque l'enroulement 4 est sensiblement hélicoïdal, le pas de l'enroulement 4 est agencé de manière à constituer un espace intercalaire entre les spires 5 adjacentes, ledit espace intercalaire constituant les moyens de passage du gaz comburant.When the winding 4 is substantially helical, the pitch of the winding 4 is arranged to form an intermediate space between the adjacent turns 5, said intermediate space constituting the passage means of the combustion gas.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, l'enroulement 4 est parfaitement régulier. Toutefois, on peut également envisager que le pas de l'enroulement 4 varie sur la longueur du rouleau 1.In the illustrated embodiment, the winding 4 is perfectly regular. However, it is also conceivable that the pitch of the winding 4 varies over the length of the roll 1.

On remarquera que lorsqu'on utilise la grille pour four d'incinération et/ou de combustion, le sens de l'enroulement 4 est inversé par rapport au sens de rotation w du rouleau 1 autour de l'axe A. Ainsi, en cas de dégazage du liquide de refroidissement ou apparition d'une bulle, celle-ci se retrouve obligatoirement au point haut d'une spire 5. Ainsi, la bulle se déplace de spire 5 en spire 5 jusqu'à la dernière lors de la rotation du rouleau 1 et rejoint alors l'évacuation 12 du fluide de refroidissement.It will be noted that when using the grate for incineration and / or combustion furnace, the direction of the winding 4 is reversed with respect to the direction of rotation w of the roll 1 about the axis A. Thus, in case degassing coolant or appearance of a bubble, it is necessarily found at the high point of a turn 5. Thus, the bubble moves from turn 5 in turn 5 to the last during the rotation of the roll 1 and then joins the evacuation 12 of the cooling fluid.

À son extrémité amont, le conduit 3 de passage du fluide de refroidissement est connecté d'une part à une alimentation 11 en fluide de refroidissement alors qu'à son extrémité avale, le conduit 3 est connecté à une évacuation 12 du fluide. Avantageusement, l'alimentation 11 et l'évacuation 12 sont introduites à l'intérieur de l'ossature 2 par une même extrémité 13a de ladite ossature 2 : l'extrémité opposée à l'extrémité comprenant l'arbre 24 coopérant avec le système d'entraînement. Ainsi, les introductions de l'alimentation 11 et de l'évacuation 12 à l'intérieur de l'ossature 2 ne sont pas entravées par le système d'entraînement.At its upstream end, the duct 3 for passage of the cooling fluid is connected firstly to a supply 11 of cooling fluid while at its downstream end, the duct 3 is connected to a discharge 12 of the fluid. Advantageously, the supply 11 and the evacuation 12 are introduced inside the frame 2 by the same end 13a of said frame 2: the end opposite the end comprising the shaft 24 cooperating with the system. 'training. Thus, the introductions of the feed 11 and the discharge 12 inside the frame 2 are not impeded by the drive system.

L'alimentation 11 et l'évacuation 12 comprennent chacun une portion coaxiale 14, 15 à l'axe A, passant à l'intérieur des arbres 24 coaxiaux à l'axe A. Des portions 16, 17, radiales audit rouleau 1 connectent l'alimentation 11 et l'évacuation 12 respectivement aux extrémités amont et aval du conduit 3 de passage du fluide de refroidissement.The feed 11 and the discharge 12 each comprise a coaxial portion 14, 15 to the axis A, passing inside the shafts 24 coaxial with the axis A. Radial portions 16, 17 to said roll 1 connect the supply 11 and the discharge 12 respectively at the upstream and downstream ends of the duct 3 for passage of the cooling fluid.

Un joint presse-étoupe, non représenté, permet de garantir l'étanchéité au niveau du raccordement entre les portions coaxiales de l'alimentation 11 et de l'évacuation 12 du fluide de refroidissement.A gland seal, not shown, ensures sealing at the connection between the coaxial portions of the supply 11 and the discharge 12 of the cooling fluid.

Avantageusement, l'enroulement 4 est formé par assemblage de différents éléments 26, 27 formant des spires 5, illustrés sur la figure 3. Le diamètre d'une spire 5 doit être légèrement supérieur à celui de l'ossature 2 afin de permettre son montage autour de ladite ossature 2 et son pas, et par conséquent le nombre total de spires 5, est établi en fonction du pourcentage souhaité d'espaces intercalaires formant les moyens de passage du gaz. Ce pourcentage peut être établi en fonction des déchets à traiter et du débit de gaz comburant.Advantageously, the winding 4 is formed by assembling different elements 26, 27 forming turns 5, illustrated in FIG. figure 3 . The diameter of a turn 5 must be slightly greater than that of the frame 2 to allow its mounting around said frame 2 and its pitch, and therefore the total number of turns 5, is established according to the desired percentage interspaces forming the passage means of the gas. This percentage can be established according to the waste to be treated and the flow of oxidizing gas.

La section des spires 5 est agencée pour permettre un bon contact entre le fluide de refroidissement et la face des spires 5 supportant directement les déchets.The section of the turns 5 is arranged to allow good contact between the cooling fluid and the face of the turns 5 directly supporting the waste.

Dans un premier mode de réalisation, illustré sur les figures 5 et 6, les spires 5 sont formées de canaux hélicoïdaux 6 rigides fixés par leurs extrémités, par exemple par soudage. La section des canaux 6 présente sensiblement une forme de U, pourvu d'une ouverture 7 dirigée vers l'extérieur du rouleau 1 et d'une pièce de recouvrement 8 de ladite ouverture 7, réalisée en acier réfractaire. Ainsi, la pièce de recouvrement 8 qui forme la face de support de déchets et qui par conséquent est sujette à une abrasion due aux déchets est amovible et peut être remplacée.In a first embodiment, illustrated on the Figures 5 and 6 , the turns 5 are formed of rigid helical channels 6 fixed at their ends, for example by welding. The section of the channels 6 has a substantially U-shaped, provided with an opening 7 directed towards the outside of the roll 1 and a cover 8 of said opening 7, made of refractory steel. Thus, the cover piece 8 which forms the waste support face and which is therefore subject to abrasion due to the waste is removable and can be replaced.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, deux pièces de liaison 9a, 9b sont fixées au canal 6 de part et d'autre de l'ouverture 7 et servent de support aux plaques de recouvrement 8. Avantageusement, la plaque de recouvrement 8 est fixée sur une paroi extérieure 10 des pièces de liaison 9a, 9b et lesdites pièces de liaison 9a, 9b débordent de part et d'autre de la plaque de recouvrement 8. Ainsi, cette disposition particulière permet de fournir une surface de soudure, entre les pièces de liaison 9a, 9b et les pièces de recouvrement 8, qui soit accessible facilement et autorise ainsi un remplacement aisé des plaques de recouvrement 8.In this embodiment, two connecting pieces 9a, 9b are fixed to the channel 6 on either side of the opening 7 and serve to support the cover plates 8. Advantageously, the cover plate 8 is fixed on a outer wall 10 of the connecting pieces 9a, 9b and said connecting pieces 9a, 9b protrude on either side of the cover plate 8. Thus, this particular arrangement makes it possible to provide a weld surface between the connecting pieces 9a, 9b and the cover pieces 8, which is easily accessible and thus allows easy replacement of the cover plates 8.

Le procédé d'assemblage d'un rouleau 1 selon ce premier mode de réalisation est le suivant : Les canaux 6 en U sont mis bout à bout et ainsi assemblées autour de l'ossature 1. Les pièces de liaison 9 a, 9b sont ensuite fixées par soudage de part et d'autre de l'ouverture 7 et la plaque de recouvrement 8 peut alors être soudée sur lesdites pièces de liaison 9a, 9b.The method of assembling a roll 1 according to this first embodiment is as follows: The channels 6 in U are placed end to end and thus assembled around the frame 1. The connecting pieces 9a, 9b are then fixed by welding on either side of the opening 7 and the cover plate 8 can then be welded to said connecting pieces 9a, 9b.

Dans un mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 7 à 9, l'enroulement 4 est constitué d'une pluralité d'éléments creux 26, 27 formés de caissons réalisés d'une seule pièce, qui sont assemblés par des moyens de raccordement 25 disposés aux extrémités desdits éléments 26, 27. Les caissons peuvent être réalisées d'une seule pièce ou par assemblage d'une plaque recouvrant une pièce moulée.In an embodiment shown on the Figures 7 to 9 , the winding 4 consists of a plurality of hollow elements 26, 27 formed of caissons made in one piece, which are assembled by connecting means 25 disposed at the ends of said elements 26, 27. The boxes can be made in one piece or by assembling a plate covering a molded part.

Les moyens de raccordement 25 des éléments 26, 27 sont représentés de façon détaillée sur la figure 8. Pour permettre ce raccordement, il existe deux types d'éléments : les éléments de support 26 et les éléments amovibles 27, raccordés en alternance, et dont les extrémités possèdent des goulottes de raccordement 28, 29.The connecting means 25 of the elements 26, 27 are shown in detail on the figure 8 . To allow this connection, there are two types of elements: the support elements 26 and the removable elements 27, connected alternately, and whose ends have connecting trunks 28, 29.

Les éléments de support 26 sont solidarisés à l'ossature 2 par des moyens d'attache 35a, 35b et les éléments amovibles 27 sont supportés sur les éléments de support 26 et solidarisés à l'ossature 2 par l'intermédiaire des éléments de support 26 et des moyens de raccordement 25. Les moyens d'attache 35a, 35b sont composés d'un premier point de fixation 35a fixe sur l'ossature 2 et d'un second point de fixation 36a pourvu d'un léger jeu permettant un léger débattement de l'élément support 26 par rapport à l'ossature 2.The support elements 26 are secured to the frame 2 by attachment means 35a, 35b and the removable elements 27 are supported on the support members 26 and secured to the frame 2 by means of the support members 26 and connection means 25. The attachment means 35a, 35b are composed of a first fixing point 35a fixed on the frame 2 and a second fixing point 36a provided with a slight clearance allowing a slight deflection of the support member 26 relative to the frame 2.

Les éléments de support 26 possèdent, à chacune de leurs extrémités, une première goulotte 28, ou goulotte inférieure, s'étendant vers l'élément amovible 27 adjacent. La face supérieure des goulottes inférieures 28 est pourvue d'une ouverture 30 permettant le passage du fluide de refroidissement.The support members 26 have, at each of their ends, a first trough 28, or lower trough, extending towards the adjacent removable element 27. The upper face of the lower chutes 28 is provided with an opening 30 allowing the passage of the cooling fluid.

En outre, les éléments amovibles 27 possèdent également, à chacune de leurs extrémités, une goulotte supérieure 27, ou seconde goulotte, s'étendant vers le premier élément adjacent, la face inférieure des goulottes supérieures 29 étant également pourvue d'une ouverture 31.In addition, the removable elements 27 also have, at each of their ends, an upper trough 27, or second trough, extending towards the first adjacent element, the lower face of the upper chutes 29 also being provided with an opening 31.

Comme représenté sur la figure 8, la goulotte supérieure 29 de l'élément amovible 27 repose sur la goulotte inférieure 28 de l'élément de support 26 et des moyens de fixation 36, 34 permettent de solidariser lesdits éléments 26, 27. Les ouvertures 30, 31 coïncident afin de permettre le passage du fluide de refroidissement entre les éléments 26, 27 et un joint 32 disposé entre la goulotte supérieure 29 et la goulotte inférieure 28 permet d'étanchéifier les moyens de raccordement 25.As shown on the figure 8 the upper chute 29 of the removable element 27 rests on the lower chute 28 of the support element 26 and fastening means 36, 34 make it possible to secure the said elements 26, 27. The openings 30, 31 coincide so as to allow the fluid passage of cooling between the elements 26, 27 and a seal 32 arranged between the upper chute 29 and the lower chute 28 makes it possible to seal the connection means 25.

Les figures 8 et 9 représentent, à titre d'exemple, des moyens de fixation composés de deux vis 36a, 36b et de deux écrous 34 disposés de part et d'autre des ouvertures 30, 31.The Figures 8 and 9 represent, by way of example, fixing means consisting of two screws 36a, 36b and two nuts 34 arranged on either side of the openings 30, 31.

Les vis 36a, 36b comprennent une tête à six pans creux 37 insérée dans un logement formé dans la seconde goulotte 29 et une tige 38 traversant la première goulotte 28 via un alésage de section oblongue 33a, 33b. La tige 38 comprend une extrémité filetée qui coopère avec l'écrou 34. Avantageusement, l'écrou 34 est pré monté sur l'élément de support 26 au moyen d'une griffe de montage 39. Le logement de la tête 37 de vis est ménagé dans une extrémité pleine de la première goulotte 27 et les alésages de section oblongue 33a, 33b sont formés dans des colonnes latérales pleines 40a, 40b. Ainsi, les vis 36a, 36b ne sont pas en contact direct avec le fluide de refroidissement.The screws 36a, 36b comprise an Allen head 37 inserted into a housing formed in the second chute 29 and a rod 38 passing through the first chute 28 via a bore of oblong section 33a, 33b. The rod 38 comprises a threaded end which cooperates with the nut 34. Advantageously, the nut 34 is pre-mounted on the support member 26 by means of a mounting claw 39. The housing of the screw head 37 is formed in a full end of the first chute 27 and the oblong section bores 33a, 33b are formed in solid side columns 40a, 40b. Thus, the screws 36a, 36b are not in direct contact with the cooling fluid.

L'écrou 34 est monté dans la griffe de montage 39 avec un léger jeu selon la direction longitudinale de l'enroulement 4. Ainsi, la forme oblongue des alésages 33a, 33b et le jeu précédemment mentionné autorise un léger débattement des éléments 26, 27 (flèche v) afin de diminuer les contraintes appliquées sur les éléments 26, 27 dues aux différences de dilatation entre les éléments adjacents 26,27.The nut 34 is mounted in the mounting claw 39 with a slight clearance in the longitudinal direction of the winding 4. Thus, the oblong shape of the bores 33a, 33b and the previously mentioned clearance allows a slight movement of the elements 26, 27 (arrow v) to reduce the stresses applied to the elements 26, 27 due to differences in expansion between the adjacent elements 26,27.

Lorsque l'on souhaite démonter une partie de l'enroulement 4, pour des besoins de maintenance notamment, on peut alors retirer les vis 36a, 36b afin de libérer l'élément amovible 26. Lorsque l'élément amovible 26 est retiré, l'utilisateur a alors accès aux moyens d'attache 35a, 35b qui peuvent alors être dissociés des éléments de support 27 afin de les libérer. Ainsi, une partie choisie de l'enroulement 4 peut être démontée pour accéder à l'intérieur du rouleau ou remplacer les parties les plus usées de l'enroulement 4.When it is desired to disassemble part of the winding 4, especially for maintenance purposes, the screws 36a, 36b can then be removed in order to release the removable element 26. When the removable element 26 is removed, the The user then has access to the attachment means 35a, 35b which can then be dissociated from the support elements 27 in order to release them. Thus, a selected part of the winding 4 can be dismounted to access the interior of the roll or replace the most worn parts of the winding 4.

On remarquera que l'utilisation des moyens de raccordement 25 ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation des figures 7 à 9 mais peut aussi se combiner avec le mode de réalisation des éléments creux représenté sur les figures 5 et 6.It will be noted that the use of the connection means 25 is not limited to the embodiment of the Figures 7 to 9 but can also be combined with the embodiment of the hollow elements shown on the Figures 5 and 6 .

Claims (22)

  1. Roller (1) for kiln grating adapted to be rotationally mounted in the combustion chamber of the kiln about an axis A, longitudinal to the said roller (1) comprising:
    - a frame (2) forming a cylindrical cage; and
    - a support surface for the fuel mounted around the said frame (2), formed by at least one duct (3) allowing the passage of a cooling fluid and forming a winding (4) about the axis A;
    said support surface is being provided with means for the passage of the oxidising gas through the said roller (1), said roller being characterised in that the winding (4) consists of an alternation of hollow support members (26) and removable hollow members (27) assembled by leaktight connecting means (25) disposed at the ends of the said members (26, 27), said hollow support members (26) being secured to the frame (2) by attachment means (35a, 35b).
  2. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claim 1, characterised in that the winding (4) is substantially helical.
  3. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the said passage means for the oxidising gas are constituted by an intermediate space formed between the turns (5) of the winding (4).
  4. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the connecting means (25) include:
    - a first channel (28) formed at each end of the support members (26);
    - a second channel (29) formed at each end of the removable members (27);
    - said channels (28, 29) being provided with coincident openings (30, 31) allowing the passage of cooling fluid between the support members (26) and the removable members (27) and secured by fastening means.
  5. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claim 4, characterised in that the second channel (29) rests on the first channel (28).
  6. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that a seal (32) is disposed between the first (28) and second (29) channel.
  7. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the fixing means are provided with a play allowing a slight clearance of the hollow members (26, 27).
  8. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claim 7, characterised in that the fixing means comprise at least one screw (36a, 36b) and a nut (34), said screw (36a, 36b) being provided with:
    - a head (37) inserted into a seating formed in the second channel (29); and
    - a rod passing through the first channel (28) via a bore (37a, 37b) of oblong cross-section and whose threaded end is inserted into the said nut (39).
  9. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the said hollow members (26, 27) are formed from caissons.
  10. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the said hollow members (25, 26) are formed from channels (6), provided with an opening (7) directed towards the outside of the said roller (1) and a cover plate (8) for the said opening (7).
  11. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claim 10, characterised in that the cover plate (8) is removable to allow its replacement.
  12. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to any one of claims 10 or 11, characterised in that the cover plate (8) is made of refractory steel.
  13. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the said hollow members (5) additionally include two longitudinal connecting pieces (9a, 9b) fixed to the channel (6) on both sides of the opening (7), the said cover plate (8) being welded to the said connecting pieces (9a, 9b).
  14. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the cooling duct (3) is connected on one hand to an inlet (11) for cooling fluid and on the other to an outlet (12) for the fluid, the said inlet (11) and outlet (12) being inserted inside the frame (2) via the same end (13a) of the said roller (1).
  15. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claim 14, characterised in that the said inlet (11) and outlet (12) each include a portion (14, 15) coaxial with the axis A and a portion (16, 17) radial to the said roller (1) connecting said inlet and outlet (11, 12) respectively to the two ends of the conduit (3) for the passage of cooling fluid.
  16. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claim 15, characterised in that it is provided with a gland seal to ensure leaktightness at the connection between the coaxial portions of the inlet (11) and outlet (12) for the cooling fluid.
  17. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the frame (2) includes a central strengthening core (18) extending longitudinally to the roller (1) so as to ensure the rigidity of the said roller (1).
  18. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claim 17, characterised in that the central core (18) is provided with blading to ensure a homogeneous distribution of the oxidising gas through the said roller (1).
  19. Roller (1) for kiln grating according to claim 17 or 18, characterised in that the central core (18) is provided with orifices allowing the passage of the inlet (11) and the outlet (12) for the cooling fluid.
  20. Kiln grating characterised in that it includes a plurality of rollers (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, the axes of rotation A, A' of the said rollers (1) being parallel.
  21. Kiln grating according to claim 20, characterised in that the rollers (1) are disposed in succession in the direction of movement x of the fuel, on a downward slope a of about 15°.
  22. Use of a kiln grating according to any one of claims 20 or 21, characterised in that the direction of movement of the fluid inside the winding (4) is reversed relative to the direction of rotation w of the roller (1) about the axis A.
EP07291262A 2006-11-02 2007-10-16 Kiln cylinder provided with cooling fluid conduit Active EP1921379B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07291262T PL1921379T3 (en) 2006-11-02 2007-10-16 Kiln cylinder provided with cooling fluid conduit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0609588A FR2908180B1 (en) 2006-11-02 2006-11-02 ROLLER FOR COMBUSTION OVEN GRILL AND / OR INCINERATION PROVIDED WITH A CONDUIT FOR PASSING A COOLING FLUID

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1921379A1 EP1921379A1 (en) 2008-05-14
EP1921379B1 true EP1921379B1 (en) 2012-04-18

Family

ID=38107989

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07291262A Active EP1921379B1 (en) 2006-11-02 2007-10-16 Kiln cylinder provided with cooling fluid conduit

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1921379B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE554345T1 (en)
ES (1) ES2385402T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2908180B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1921379T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2930627B1 (en) 2008-04-28 2010-06-04 Vinci Environnement ROLL FOR OVEN GRILL EQUIPPED WITH COOLING CIRCUIT

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191419678A (en) * 1914-09-11 1915-09-13 Heinrich Brams Improvements in or relating to Furnace Grates.
GB251849A (en) * 1925-10-01 1926-05-13 Tikhon Makariew Mechanical grate
DE2932224A1 (en) * 1979-08-08 1981-02-26 Weiss Geb Kg FIRING SYSTEM FOR SOLID FUELS
US5042401A (en) * 1990-06-04 1991-08-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Water cooled rolling grate incinerator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1921379A1 (en) 2008-05-14
FR2908180B1 (en) 2009-02-06
ATE554345T1 (en) 2012-05-15
PL1921379T3 (en) 2012-09-28
FR2908180A1 (en) 2008-05-09
ES2385402T3 (en) 2012-07-24

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