EP0919769A1 - Device for protecting the injection tip of a burner and heating device comprising it - Google Patents

Device for protecting the injection tip of a burner and heating device comprising it Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0919769A1
EP0919769A1 EP98402658A EP98402658A EP0919769A1 EP 0919769 A1 EP0919769 A1 EP 0919769A1 EP 98402658 A EP98402658 A EP 98402658A EP 98402658 A EP98402658 A EP 98402658A EP 0919769 A1 EP0919769 A1 EP 0919769A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
heat shield
oven
envelope
sio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98402658A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0919769B1 (en
Inventor
Benoít Loiselet
Philippe Beaudoin
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Publication of EP0919769A1 publication Critical patent/EP0919769A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/02—Structural details of mounting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/76—Protecting flame and burner parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for protecting a ejection outlet of a burner mounted through a wall of an oven, of the type comprising a peripheral heat shield and mounting means said heat shield around the burner ejection outlet.
  • the invention also relates to a heating device comprising a burner and a protection device of the aforementioned type.
  • the burners used undergo strong attacks due on the one hand to thermal radiation and on the other hand to chemical attacks by bodies resulting from the fusion of the melting.
  • this type of oven it is known to provide means for water cooling of the burner ejection end.
  • These means of cooling comprise a tubular protection member in which circulates cooling water. This tubular member is mounted axially at the end of the burner and protrudes inside the furnace.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a device for protecting the ejection outlet of a burner and a heating device comprising it, does not not having the disadvantages mentioned above, and which allows get rid of the existence of a bulky water circuit and source of malfunctions.
  • the invention relates to a device for protecting a ejection outlet of a burner, of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the screen thermal includes a consumable structure made of refractory material and said mounting means comprise means for moving the heat shield relative to the wall of the oven between at least two positions spaced along the axis of the burner.
  • the invention further relates to a heating device comprising a burner associated with a protection device as defined above.
  • FIG. 1 a rotary furnace 10 for melting cast iron provided with a burner according to the invention.
  • the oven has an enclosure 12 with axis of horizontal revolution, noted X-X.
  • the enclosure 12 is delimited in its main part by a cylindrical wall 14 comprising, at each end 16, frustoconical obturation walls.
  • the oven comprises axially means 20 for introducing the metals to be melted. he has, at its other end, an outlet 22 for molten iron.
  • a burner 24 adapted to produce a flame 26 along the axis of the oven.
  • the burner 24 is carried by a shutter door 28 of the oven articulated around a vertical Y-Y axis.
  • the oven is supported in its running part by two crowns of rollers 30. It further comprises rotational drive means not shown.
  • the interior wall of the furnace is lined with a siliceous refractory lining 32 comprising approximately 95% by weight of SiO 2 and 4% by weight of Al 2 O 3 , the remainder consisting of impurities.
  • the door has an outer metal wall 34 lined internally of a refractory material 36 similar to the coating 32 used for the interior wall of the oven.
  • the burner comprises, in a conventional manner, an envelope or body 38, generally of revolution.
  • This envelope is separated by a wall transverse 40 delimiting therein a gas inlet chamber fuel 42 arranged behind and a gas inlet chamber oxidizer 44.
  • the latter opens at the front end of the body, directly inside the oven through an opening 46.
  • Each chamber 42, 44 is connected to a corresponding gas supply source, by a lateral stitching, noted 42A and 44A respectively.
  • the fuel gas inlet chamber 42 communicates with three fuel injection rods 48. These rods pass through the wall 40 and are carried by it. They extend into the following envelope 38 the axis of the burner and protrude beyond the opening 46.
  • the casing 38 of the burner is fixedly connected to the plate 34 of the door by a support frame 50 shown schematically in the figures.
  • the burner is associated with a device 52 for protection of the burner injection outlet.
  • This device 52 comprises essentially a heat shield 54 carried by means 56 of mounting it on the cylindrical running part denoted 38A by the envelope.
  • the heat shield 54 is formed of a tubular member or sleeve. Thus, it has an external cylindrical surface denoted 54A and a passage internal cylindrical 54B. The diameter of the latter is constant and is very slightly greater than the external diameter of the current portion 38A of the burner body. The burner ejection outlet where the ends of rods 48 and chamber 44 is received in the passage 54B, the sleeve being partially engaged on the current part 38A of the body.
  • the sleeve passes through the lining 36 of the door by a cylindrical opening 36A.
  • a skirt 57 for protecting the heat shield formed of a tubular wall, extends the cylindrical opening 36A and makes protruding outside the oven.
  • the skirt 57 is integral with the wall 34.
  • the sleeve 54 projects inside the oven at a front end at a distance of 7 cm. Its rear end projects outside the oven beyond plate 34 of the door. This rear end is integral mounting means 56.
  • the sleeve 54 is formed by an adobe having undergone, before assembly with the mounting means 56, a cooking step prior to a temperature above 1000 ° C.
  • the refractory material constituting the sleeve 54 is an alumino-silicate advantageously comprising by mass x% of SiO 2 and y% of Al 2 O 3 , the ratio x / y being between one third and two thirds and advantageously close to one half.
  • the sum x + y of the mass percentages of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 is greater than 90%.
  • the sleeve 54 In order to ensure good resistance of the sleeve 54 to the flame, as well good resistance to thermal shock, especially during phases stopping and starting the oven, the sleeve is made in the way next.
  • the materials in the form of aggregates constituting the structure of the sleeve are arranged in a cylindrical mold defining the shape of the sleeve to make an adobe.
  • tamping or clamping the adobe in the mold is made with care, especially by adding layers successive 2 or 3 cm thick each packed with a gland pneumatic.
  • the cooking of the adobe is then carried out according to a standard profile of rise in adobe temperature up to a temperature of 1350 ° C.
  • the rammed earth After cooking and demoulding, the rammed earth has the following characteristics: Basic constituent Chamotte Average expansion between 0 and 1000 ° C 3.10 6 Physical characteristics Density after heating to 1000 ° C 2.3 T / m 3 Conductivity coefficient in Kcal m 2 h ° C to 600 ° C 0.7 800 ° C 0.7 1200 ° C 1 Resistance to cold compression after heating to 1100 ° C 350 Kg / cm 2 Pyroscopic cone 2 36 Temperature limit for use 1500 ° C Subsidence under load of 2 bars 0.5% at 1200 ° C and 5% at 1340 ° C.
  • the mounting means 56 are adapted to ensure a displacement of the heat shield 54 relative to the wall of the furnace between the minus two positions spaced along the axis of the burner. They include effect a guide tube 58 with an internal diameter slightly greater than external diameter of the current portion 38A of the envelope.
  • the tube 58 comprises, at its front end, a transverse annular plate 60 provided with screen fixing holes 54. For this purpose, it comprises inks 62 whose threaded ends are received through holes and held in place by nuts 64.
  • the tube 58 has an annular flange 66 drilled with a set of tapped holes. Against this flange is applied an additional flange 68 retained on the first flange 66 by screws 70 forming means for clamping the two flanges against each other along the axis of the burner.
  • the flange 68 has at its internal diameter, on its face in contact with the first flange 66, a countersink 72 in which is received a tightening O-ring 74 whose diameter corresponds substantially to the outside diameter of the main part 38A of the envelope.
  • the O-ring 74 is in contact with the lateral surface of the envelope.
  • the clamping means 70 hold the flange 68 against the flange 66, the seal 74 is compressed and exerts a force of friction on the current part 38A of the envelope, ensuring maintenance in position of the heat shield 54.
  • the position of the heat shield can be adjusted, so that the sleeve 54 protrudes from the lining 36 over a length predetermined.
  • this length is of the order of 7 cm.
  • the sleeve 54 When the sleeve 54 is new, as shown in FIG. 2, it has a great length, for example equal to 40 cm. So, the mounting means 56 are held behind and most of the length of the sleeve 54 extends behind the lining 36.
  • the annular end face of the sleeve contained inside the oven gradually degrades, in particular under the chemical action of the molecules of iron oxides and manganese produced by the slag resulting from molten iron.
  • the erosion of the front end of the sleeve takes place along a plane extending perpendicular to the axis thereof. So in order to keep constant the length of the part of the sleeve projecting from the lining 36, the user of the oven periodically advances the sleeve to compensate the amount of material eroded at its end.
  • the material constituting the sleeve 54 undergoes erosion, this is slow enough to allow a periodic adjustment of the position of the heat shield is sufficient to avoid degradation of the end of the burner.
  • the low cost of the sleeve allows it to be replaced several times during the life of the oven without significantly increasing the cost operating it.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

A device for protecting the ejection end of a burner (24) mounted through one wall of a furnace incorporates a peripheral heat shield (54) and some means (56) for mounting this heat shield around the ejection outlet of the burner. The heat shield incorporates a consumable structure of refractory material and the means for mounting it comprises some means for displacing the heat shield with respect to the wall of the furnace between at least two positions spaced along the axis of the burner. A heating device incorporating a burner adapted to be mounted through the wall of a furnace and equipped with the protective device is also claimed.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de protection d'une sortie d'éjection d'un brûleur monté au travers d'une paroi d'un four, du type comportant un écran thermique périphérique et des moyens de montage dudit écran thermique autour de la sortie d'éjection du brûleur.The present invention relates to a device for protecting a ejection outlet of a burner mounted through a wall of an oven, of the type comprising a peripheral heat shield and mounting means said heat shield around the burner ejection outlet.

L'invention concerne également un dispositif de chauffe comportant un brûleur et un dispositif de protection du type précité.The invention also relates to a heating device comprising a burner and a protection device of the aforementioned type.

Dans certaines applications, comme par exemple dans les fours rotatifs de fusion de fonte, les brûleurs mis en oeuvre subissent de fortes agressions dues d'une part au rayonnement thermique et d'autre part aux attaques chimiques provoquées par les corps résultant de la fusion de la fonte. Dans ce type de fours, il est connu de prévoir des moyens de refroidissement à l'eau de l'extrémité d'éjection du brûleur. Ces moyens de refroidissement comportent un organe tubulaire de protection dans lequel circule de l'eau de refroidissement. Cet organe tubulaire est monté axialement à l'extrémité du brûleur et fait saillie à l'intérieur du four.In some applications, such as in ovens cast iron rotary, the burners used undergo strong attacks due on the one hand to thermal radiation and on the other hand to chemical attacks by bodies resulting from the fusion of the melting. In this type of oven, it is known to provide means for water cooling of the burner ejection end. These means of cooling comprise a tubular protection member in which circulates cooling water. This tubular member is mounted axially at the end of the burner and protrudes inside the furnace.

Un tel agencement est peu pratique puisqu'il nécessite la mise en place d'un équipement coûteux et encombrant adapté pour assurer la circulation de l'eau dans l'organe de protection. De plus, la présence d'un circuit d'eau présente un risque de rupture du circuit en cas d'arrêt du four lorsque la température est inférieure à 0°C.Such an arrangement is impractical since it requires the implementation place of expensive and bulky equipment adapted to ensure the circulation of water in the protective device. In addition, the presence of a water circuit presents a risk of circuit breakage if the oven stops when the temperature is below 0 ° C.

L'invention a pour but de proposer un dispositif de protection de la sortie d'éjection d'un brûleur et un dispositif de chauffe le comportant, ne présentant pas les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus, et qui permette de s'affranchir de l'existence d'un circuit d'eau encombrant et source de dysfonctionnements.The object of the invention is to propose a device for protecting the ejection outlet of a burner and a heating device comprising it, does not not having the disadvantages mentioned above, and which allows get rid of the existence of a bulky water circuit and source of malfunctions.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de protection d'une sortie d'éjection d'un brûleur, du type précité, caractérisé en ce que l'écran thermique comporte une structure consommable en matériau réfractaire et lesdits moyens de montage comportent des moyens de déplacement de l'écran thermique par rapport à la paroi du four entre au moins deux positions espacées suivant l'axe du brûleur. To this end, the invention relates to a device for protecting a ejection outlet of a burner, of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the screen thermal includes a consumable structure made of refractory material and said mounting means comprise means for moving the heat shield relative to the wall of the oven between at least two positions spaced along the axis of the burner.

Suivant des modes particuliers de réalisation, le dispositif de protection comporte l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • les moyens de montage sont disposés entre le brûleur et l'écran thermique, de sorte que l'écran thermique est porté par le brûleur ;
  • le brûleur comporte une enveloppe renfermant des conduites d'acheminement du combustible et du comburant, laquelle enveloppe est tubulaire sur au moins une partie de sa longueur, et les moyens de déplacement comportent un organe de guidage emmanché sur la partie tubulaire de l'enveloppe, afin d'assurer le coulissement de l'écran thermique sur l'enveloppe ;
  • l'organe de guidage est muni de deux brides accouplées, enserrant un joint torique de serrage appliqué contre la surface extérieure de la partie tubulaire de l'enveloppe, ainsi que de moyens de serrage des deux brides l'une sur l'autre, afin de comprimer le joint torique assurant ainsi un maintien en position de l'écran thermique par rapport à l'enveloppe du brûleur ;
  • le matériau réfractaire constituant ladite structure est un alumino-silicate comportant en masse x % de SiO2 et y % de Al2O3 avec un rapport x/y compris entre un tiers et deux tiers et notamment voisin de un demi ;
  • la somme x + y des pourcentages en masse de SiO2 et de Al2O3 est supérieure à 90 % ; et
  • ladite structure est un pisé ayant subi, avant montage, une étape de cuisson à une température supérieure à 1000°C.
According to particular embodiments, the protection device includes one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the mounting means are arranged between the burner and the heat shield, so that the heat shield is carried by the burner;
  • the burner comprises a casing containing fuel and oxidant transport pipes, which casing is tubular over at least part of its length, and the displacement means comprise a guide member fitted on the tubular part of the casing, to ensure the sliding of the heat shield on the envelope;
  • the guide member is provided with two coupled flanges, enclosing a tightening O-ring applied against the external surface of the tubular part of the envelope, as well as means for tightening the two flanges one on the other, so compressing the O-ring thus ensuring that the heat shield is held in position relative to the burner casing;
  • the refractory material constituting said structure is an alumino-silicate comprising by mass x% of SiO 2 and y% of Al 2 O 3 with a ratio x / including between a third and two thirds and in particular close to a half;
  • the sum x + y of the mass percentages of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 is greater than 90%; and
  • said structure is an adobe having undergone, before assembly, a cooking step at a temperature above 1000 ° C.

L'invention a en outre pour objet un dispositif de chauffe comportant un brûleur associé à un dispositif de protection tel que défini ci-dessus.The invention further relates to a heating device comprising a burner associated with a protection device as defined above.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un four rotatif de fusion de fonte muni d'un brûleur selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un brûleur associé à un dispositif neuf de protection selon l'invention ; et
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale du brûleur de la figure 1 associé à un dispositif de protection selon l'invention ayant déjà subi une longue période de fonctionnement.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a rotary smelting furnace provided with a burner according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a burner associated with a new protection device according to the invention; and
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the burner of Figure 1 associated with a protection device according to the invention having already undergone a long period of operation.

Sur la figure 1 est représenté un four rotatif 10 de fusion de fonte muni d'un brûleur selon l'invention. Le four comporte une enceinte 12 à axe de révolution horizontal, noté X-X. L'enceinte 12 est délimitée dans sa partie courante par une paroi cylindrique 14 comportant, à chaque extrémité 16, des parois d'obturation tronconiques. A une extrémité 18, le four comporte axialement des moyens 20 d'introduction des métaux à fondre. Il comporte, à son autre extrémité, une sortie 22 pour la fonte en fusion.In Figure 1 is shown a rotary furnace 10 for melting cast iron provided with a burner according to the invention. The oven has an enclosure 12 with axis of horizontal revolution, noted X-X. The enclosure 12 is delimited in its main part by a cylindrical wall 14 comprising, at each end 16, frustoconical obturation walls. At one end 18, the oven comprises axially means 20 for introducing the metals to be melted. he has, at its other end, an outlet 22 for molten iron.

Suivant l'axe X-X est disposé, à l'opposé de l'extrémité 18 d'arrivée des matériaux à fondre, un brûleur 24 adapté pour produire une flamme 26 suivant l'axe du four. Le brûleur 24 est porté par une porte 28 d'obturation du four articulée autour d'un axe Y-Y vertical. Le four est supporté dans sa partie courante par deux couronnes de galets 30. Il comporte en outre des moyens d'entraínement en rotation non représentés.Along the axis X-X is arranged, opposite the end 18 of arrival materials to be melted, a burner 24 adapted to produce a flame 26 along the axis of the oven. The burner 24 is carried by a shutter door 28 of the oven articulated around a vertical Y-Y axis. The oven is supported in its running part by two crowns of rollers 30. It further comprises rotational drive means not shown.

La paroi intérieure du four est tapissée d'un revêtement réfractaire siliceux 32 comportant environ 95 % en poids de SiO2 et 4 % en poids de Al2O3, le reste étant constitué d'impuretés.The interior wall of the furnace is lined with a siliceous refractory lining 32 comprising approximately 95% by weight of SiO 2 and 4% by weight of Al 2 O 3 , the remainder consisting of impurities.

Le brûleur monté sur la porte est représenté à plus grande échelle sur les figures 2 et 3.The burner mounted on the door is shown on a larger scale in Figures 2 and 3.

La porte comporte une paroi métallique extérieure 34 garnie intérieurement d'un matériau réfractaire 36 analogue au revêtement 32 utilisé pour la paroi intérieure du four.The door has an outer metal wall 34 lined internally of a refractory material 36 similar to the coating 32 used for the interior wall of the oven.

Le brûleur comporte, de manière classique, une enveloppe ou corps 38, généralement de révolution. Cette enveloppe est séparée par une paroi transversale 40 délimitant dans celle-ci une chambre d'arrivée du gaz combustible 42 disposée en arrière et une chambre d'arrivée du gaz comburant 44. Cette dernière débouche à l'extrémité avant du corps, directement à l'intérieur du four par une ouverture 46. Chaque chambre 42, 44 est reliée à une source d'alimentation en gaz correspondante, par un piquage latérale, noté 42A et 44A respectivement. The burner comprises, in a conventional manner, an envelope or body 38, generally of revolution. This envelope is separated by a wall transverse 40 delimiting therein a gas inlet chamber fuel 42 arranged behind and a gas inlet chamber oxidizer 44. The latter opens at the front end of the body, directly inside the oven through an opening 46. Each chamber 42, 44 is connected to a corresponding gas supply source, by a lateral stitching, noted 42A and 44A respectively.

La chambre 42 d'arrivée du gaz combustible communique avec trois cannes 48 d'injection du gaz combustible. Ces cannes traversent la paroi 40 et sont portées par celle-ci. Elles s'étendent dans l'enveloppe 38 suivant l'axe du brûleur et font saillie au-delà de l'ouverture 46.The fuel gas inlet chamber 42 communicates with three fuel injection rods 48. These rods pass through the wall 40 and are carried by it. They extend into the following envelope 38 the axis of the burner and protrude beyond the opening 46.

L'enveloppe 38 du brûleur est reliée fixement à la plaque 34 de la porte par un bâti de support 50 représenté schématiquement sur les figures.The casing 38 of the burner is fixedly connected to the plate 34 of the door by a support frame 50 shown schematically in the figures.

En outre, selon l'invention, le brûleur est associé à un dispositif 52 de protection de la sortie d'injection du brûleur. Ce dispositif 52 comporte essentiellement un écran thermique 54 porté par des moyens 56 de montage de celui-ci sur la partie courante cylindrique notée 38A de l'enveloppe.In addition, according to the invention, the burner is associated with a device 52 for protection of the burner injection outlet. This device 52 comprises essentially a heat shield 54 carried by means 56 of mounting it on the cylindrical running part denoted 38A by the envelope.

L'écran thermique 54 est formé d'un organe tubulaire ou manchon. Ainsi, il présente une surface cylindrique externe notée 54A et un passage cylindrique interne 54B. Le diamètre de ce dernier est constant et est très légèrement supérieur au diamètre externe de la partie courante 38A du corps de brûleur. La sortie d'éjection du brûleur où débouchent les extrémités des cannes 48 et de la chambre 44 est reçue dans le passage 54B, le manchon étant partiellement engagé sur la partie courante 38A du corps.The heat shield 54 is formed of a tubular member or sleeve. Thus, it has an external cylindrical surface denoted 54A and a passage internal cylindrical 54B. The diameter of the latter is constant and is very slightly greater than the external diameter of the current portion 38A of the burner body. The burner ejection outlet where the ends of rods 48 and chamber 44 is received in the passage 54B, the sleeve being partially engaged on the current part 38A of the body.

Ainsi, le manchon traverse le garnissage 36 de la porte par une ouverture cylindrique 36A. Une jupe 57 de protection de l'écran thermique, formée d'une paroi tubulaire, prolonge l'ouverture cylindrique 36A et fait saillie en dehors du four. La jupe 57 est solidaire de la paroi 34.Thus, the sleeve passes through the lining 36 of the door by a cylindrical opening 36A. A skirt 57 for protecting the heat shield, formed of a tubular wall, extends the cylindrical opening 36A and makes protruding outside the oven. The skirt 57 is integral with the wall 34.

Le manchon 54 fait saillie à l'intérieur du four à une extrémité avant suivant une distance de 7 cm. Son extrémité arrière fait saillie en dehors du four au-delà de la plaque 34 de la porte. Cette extrémité arrière est solidaire des moyens de montage 56.The sleeve 54 projects inside the oven at a front end at a distance of 7 cm. Its rear end projects outside the oven beyond plate 34 of the door. This rear end is integral mounting means 56.

Le manchon 54 est formé par un pisé ayant subi, avant assemblage avec les moyens de montage 56, une étape de cuisson préalable à une température supérieure à 1000°C.The sleeve 54 is formed by an adobe having undergone, before assembly with the mounting means 56, a cooking step prior to a temperature above 1000 ° C.

Le matériau réfractaire constituant le manchon 54 est un alumino-silicate comportant avantageusement en masse x % de SiO2 et y % de Al2O3, le rapport x/y étant compris entre un tiers et deux tiers et avantageusement voisin de un demi.The refractory material constituting the sleeve 54 is an alumino-silicate advantageously comprising by mass x% of SiO 2 and y% of Al 2 O 3 , the ratio x / y being between one third and two thirds and advantageously close to one half.

De plus, la somme x + y des pourcentages en masse de SiO2 et de Al2O3 est supérieur à 90 %.In addition, the sum x + y of the mass percentages of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 is greater than 90%.

Le tableau qui suit décrit, à titre d'exemple, la composition du manchon 54 analysée par une méthode de fluorescence X. Le manchon a été analysé après usage dans un four. La composition a été déterminée en trois points distincts du manchon localisés comme suit :

  • EXTRADOS : partie du manchon faisant saillie dans le four, hors face d'extrémité avant ;
  • INTRADOS : partie courante du manchon, notamment dans la zone arrière de celui-ci ;
  • CRASSE : face d'extrémité avant du manchon, c'est-à-dire la partie annulaire en cours de dégradation à l'avant du manchon.
    • ELEMENT RESULTATS EN % EXTRADOS INTRADOS CRASSE SiO2 47.20 47.38 30.43 Al2O3 45.97 46.23 37.58 Fe2O3 total 1.49 1.47 28.33 P2O5 2.50 2.18 1.19 TiO2 1.21 1.21 0.59 CaO 0.29 0.26 0.25 MgO 0.21 0.20 0.19 MnO 0.01 0.01 0.13 K2O 0.61 0.60 0.28 Na2O 0.11 0.10 0.06 ZnO --- --- 0.4 ZrO2 --- --- 0.10 Perte au feu 0.18 0.16 0.47 : gain au feu TOTAL 99.78 99.80 99.53 PHASES MINERALOGIQUES Sillimanite Sillimanite Al2O3,SiO2 Al2O3,SiO2 Cristobalite SiO2 Cristobalite SiO2 Andalousite Andalousite Al2O3,SiO2 Al2O3,SiO2 Quartz SiO2 (traces) Quartz SiO2 (traces) The following table describes, by way of example, the composition of the sleeve 54 analyzed by an X-ray fluorescence method. The sleeve was analyzed after use in an oven. The composition was determined at three distinct points on the sleeve located as follows:
  • EXTRADOS : part of the sleeve protruding into the oven, outside the front end face;
  • INTRADOS : running part of the sleeve, in particular in the rear area thereof;
  • CRASSE : front end face of the sleeve, that is to say the annular part in the process of degradation at the front of the sleeve.
    • ELEMENT RESULTS IN% EXTRADOS INTRADOS DIRT SiO 2 47.20 47.38 30.43 Al 2 O 3 45.97 46.23 37.58 Fe 2 O 3 total 1.49 1.47 28.33 P 2 O 5 2.50 2.18 1.19 TiO 2 1.21 1.21 0.59 CaO 0.29 0.26 0.25 MgO 0.21 0.20 0.19 MnO 0.01 0.01 0.13 K 2 O 0.61 0.60 0.28 Na 2 O 0.11 0.10 0.06 ZnO --- --- 0.4 ZrO 2 --- --- 0.10 Fire loss 0.18 0.16 0.47: gain on ignition TOTAL 99.78 99.80 99.53 MINERALOGICAL PHASES Sillimanite Sillimanite Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 Cristobalite SiO 2 Cristobalite SiO 2 Andalusite Andalusite Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 Quartz SiO 2 (traces) Quartz SiO 2 (traces)

    Afin d'assurer une bonne tenue du manchon 54 à la flamme, ainsi qu'une bonne résistance au choc thermique, notamment lors des phases d'arrêt et de mise en marche du four, le manchon est réalisé de la manière suivante.In order to ensure good resistance of the sleeve 54 to the flame, as well good resistance to thermal shock, especially during phases stopping and starting the oven, the sleeve is made in the way next.

    Les matériaux sous forme de granulats constituant la structure du manchon sont disposés dans un moule cylindrique définissant la forme du manchon afin de réaliser un pisé. The materials in the form of aggregates constituting the structure of the sleeve are arranged in a cylindrical mold defining the shape of the sleeve to make an adobe.

    Pour assurer un frittage correct, le damage ou serrage du pisé dans le moule est réalisé avec soin, notamment par ajout de couches successives de 2 ou 3 cm d'épaisseur chacune damée avec un fouloir pneumatique.To ensure correct sintering, tamping or clamping the adobe in the mold is made with care, especially by adding layers successive 2 or 3 cm thick each packed with a gland pneumatic.

    La cuisson du pisé est ensuite réalisée selon un profil standard de montée en température propre aux pisés jusqu'à une température de 1350°C.The cooking of the adobe is then carried out according to a standard profile of rise in adobe temperature up to a temperature of 1350 ° C.

    Après cuisson et démoulage, le pisé présente les caractéristiques suivantes : Constituant de base Chamotte Dilatation moyenne entre 0 et 1000°C 3.106 Caractéristiques physiques Densité après chauffage à 1000°C 2.3 T/m3 Coefficient de conductibilité en Kcal m2h°C à 600°C 0.7          800°C 0.7          1200°C 1 Résistance à la compression à froid après chauffe à 1100°C 350 Kg/cm2 Cône pyroscopique2 36 Température limite d'emploi 1500°C Affaissement sous charge de 2 bars 0.5 % à 1200°C et 5 % à 1340°C. After cooking and demoulding, the rammed earth has the following characteristics: Basic constituent Chamotte Average expansion between 0 and 1000 ° C 3.10 6 Physical characteristics Density after heating to 1000 ° C 2.3 T / m 3 Conductivity coefficient in Kcal m 2 h ° C to 600 ° C 0.7 800 ° C 0.7 1200 ° C 1 Resistance to cold compression after heating to 1100 ° C 350 Kg / cm 2 Pyroscopic cone 2 36 Temperature limit for use 1500 ° C Subsidence under load of 2 bars 0.5% at 1200 ° C and 5% at 1340 ° C.

    Les moyens de montage 56 sont adaptés pour assurer un déplacement de l'écran thermique 54 par rapport à la paroi du four entre au moins deux positions espacées suivant l'axe du brûleur. Ils comportent à cet effet un tube de guidage 58 de diamètre intérieur légèrement supérieur au diamètre externe de la partie courante 38A de l'enveloppe. Le tube 58 comporte, à son extrémité avant, une plaque annulaire transversale 60 munie de perçages de fixation de l'écran 54. A cet effet, celui-ci comporte des encrages 62 dont les extrémités filetées sont reçues au travers des perçages et maintenues en place par des écrous 64. The mounting means 56 are adapted to ensure a displacement of the heat shield 54 relative to the wall of the furnace between the minus two positions spaced along the axis of the burner. They include effect a guide tube 58 with an internal diameter slightly greater than external diameter of the current portion 38A of the envelope. The tube 58 comprises, at its front end, a transverse annular plate 60 provided with screen fixing holes 54. For this purpose, it comprises inks 62 whose threaded ends are received through holes and held in place by nuts 64.

    A son extrémité arrière, le tube 58 comporte une bride annulaire 66 percée d'un ensemble de trous taraudés. Contre cette bride est appliquée une bride complémentaire 68 retenue sur la première bride 66 par des vis 70 formant des moyens de serrage des deux brides l'une contre l'autre suivant l'axe du brûleur.At its rear end, the tube 58 has an annular flange 66 drilled with a set of tapped holes. Against this flange is applied an additional flange 68 retained on the first flange 66 by screws 70 forming means for clamping the two flanges against each other along the axis of the burner.

    La bride 68 comporte au niveau de son diamètre intérieur, sur sa face en contact avec la première bride 66, un lamage 72 dans lequel est reçu un joint torique de serrage 74 dont le diamètre correspond sensiblement au diamètre extérieur de la partie courante 38A de l'enveloppe. Ainsi, le joint torique 74 est en contact avec la surface latérale de l'enveloppe.The flange 68 has at its internal diameter, on its face in contact with the first flange 66, a countersink 72 in which is received a tightening O-ring 74 whose diameter corresponds substantially to the outside diameter of the main part 38A of the envelope. Thus, the O-ring 74 is in contact with the lateral surface of the envelope.

    On comprend que, lorsque les moyens de serrage 70 sont desserrés, le joint torique 74 n'étant pas comprimé, le tube 58 est libre de coulisser axialement le long de la partie courante 38A de l'enveloppe depuis une position reculée représentée sur la figure 2 jusqu'à une position avancée représentée sur la figure 3. Il entraíne avec lui l'écran thermique 54.It is understood that, when the clamping means 70 are loose, the O-ring 74 not being compressed, the tube 58 is free to slide axially along the current portion 38A of the envelope from a retracted position shown in Figure 2 to an advanced position shown in Figure 3. It carries with it the heat shield 54.

    Au contraire, lorsque les moyens de serrage 70 maintiennent la bride 68 contre la bride 66, le joint 74 est comprimé et exerce une force de frottement sur la partie courante 38A de l'enveloppe, assurant un maintien en position de l'écran thermique 54. Ainsi, en fonction de la longueur du manchon 54, la position de l'écran thermique peut être ajustée, de sorte que le manchon 54 fasse saillie par rapport au garnissage 36 sur une longueur prédéterminée. Avantageusement, cette longueur est de l'ordre de 7 cm.On the contrary, when the clamping means 70 hold the flange 68 against the flange 66, the seal 74 is compressed and exerts a force of friction on the current part 38A of the envelope, ensuring maintenance in position of the heat shield 54. Thus, as a function of the length of the sleeve 54, the position of the heat shield can be adjusted, so that the sleeve 54 protrudes from the lining 36 over a length predetermined. Advantageously, this length is of the order of 7 cm.

    Lorsque le manchon 54 est neuf, comme représenté sur la figure 2, celui-ci présente une grande longueur, par exemple égale à 40 cm. Ainsi, les moyens de montage 56 sont maintenus en arrière et l'essentiel de la longueur du manchon 54 s'étend en arrière de la garniture 36.When the sleeve 54 is new, as shown in FIG. 2, it has a great length, for example equal to 40 cm. So, the mounting means 56 are held behind and most of the length of the sleeve 54 extends behind the lining 36.

    Pendant le fonctionnement du brûleur, la face annulaire d'extrémité du manchon contenue à l'intérieur du four se dégrade progressivement, notamment sous l'action chimique des molécules d'oxydes de fer et de manganèse produites par le laitier résultant de la fonte en fusion. During burner operation, the annular end face of the sleeve contained inside the oven gradually degrades, in particular under the chemical action of the molecules of iron oxides and manganese produced by the slag resulting from molten iron.

    Avec la composition et la structure retenues pour le matériau réfractaire constituant le manchon 54, on constate que l'érosion de l'extrémité avant du manchon s'effectue suivant un plan s'étendant perpendiculairement à l'axe de celui-ci. Ainsi, afin de maintenir constante la longueur de la partie du manchon faisant saillie par rapport à la garniture 36, l'utilisateur du four avance périodiquement le manchon pour compenser la quantité de matière érodée à son extrémité.With the composition and structure chosen for the material refractory constituting the sleeve 54, it can be seen that the erosion of the front end of the sleeve takes place along a plane extending perpendicular to the axis thereof. So in order to keep constant the length of the part of the sleeve projecting from the lining 36, the user of the oven periodically advances the sleeve to compensate the amount of material eroded at its end.

    Comme représenté sur la figure 3, après un certain temps de fonctionnement, les moyens de montage 56 sont pratiquement totalement reçus à l'intérieur de la jupe 57 et la longueur restante du manchon est réduite à l'épaisseur du garnissage 36 et à la longueur faisant saillie par rapport à celui-ci à l'intérieur du four.As shown in Figure 3, after a period of operation, the mounting means 56 are almost completely received inside the skirt 57 and the remaining length of the sleeve is reduced to the thickness of the lining 36 and to the length projecting by compared to it inside the oven.

    On conçoit qu'avec un tel dispositif, l'extrémité du brûleur est en permanence correctement protégée, l'écran thermique dépassant toujours l'extrémité d'éjection du brûleur d'une même distance.It is understood that with such a device, the end of the burner is in permanently protected, the heat shield always protruding the burner ejection end by the same distance.

    Bien que le matériau constituant le manchon 54 subisse une érosion, celle-ci est suffisamment lente pour permettre qu'un réglage périodique de la position de l'écran thermique suffise pour éviter une dégradation de l'extrémité du brûleur.Although the material constituting the sleeve 54 undergoes erosion, this is slow enough to allow a periodic adjustment of the position of the heat shield is sufficient to avoid degradation of the end of the burner.

    Enfin, le faible coût du manchon permet qu'il soit remplacé plusieurs fois au cours de la vie du four sans qu'il grève considérablement le coût d'exploitation de celui-ci.Finally, the low cost of the sleeve allows it to be replaced several times during the life of the oven without significantly increasing the cost operating it.

    Claims (8)

    Dispositif de protection d'une sortie d'éjection d'un brûleur (24) monté au travers d'une paroi (28) d'un four, du type comportant un écran thermique périphérique (54) et des moyens (56) de montage dudit écran thermique (54) autour de la sortie d'éjection du brûleur (24), caractérisé en ce que l'écran thermique (54) comporte une structure consommable en matériau réfractaire et lesdits moyens de montage (56) comportent des moyens de déplacement de l'écran thermique (54) par rapport à la paroi (28) du four entre au moins deux positions espacées suivant l'axe du brûleur (24).Device for protecting a burner ejection outlet (24) mounted through a wall (28) of an oven, of the type comprising a screen peripheral thermal (54) and means (56) for mounting said screen thermal (54) around the burner ejection outlet (24), characterized by that the heat shield (54) has a consumable structure in refractory material and said mounting means (56) includes means for moving the heat shield (54) relative to the wall (28) of the oven between at least two positions spaced along the axis of the burner (24). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de montage (56) sont disposés entre le brûleur (24) et l'écran thermique (54), de sorte que l'écran thermique (54) est porté par le brûleur (24).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting means (56) are arranged between the burner (24) and the screen thermal (54), so that the thermal screen (54) is carried by the burner (24). Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur comporte une enveloppe (38) renfermant des conduites (38, 48) d'acheminement du combustible et du comburant, laquelle enveloppe (38) est tubulaire sur au moins une partie de sa longueur, et en ce que les moyens de déplacement comportent un organe de guidage (58) emmanché sur la partie tubulaire (38A) de l'enveloppe, afin d'assurer le coulissement de l'écran thermique (54) sur l'enveloppe (38).Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the burner comprises a casing (38) containing pipes (38, 48) for transporting fuel and oxidizer, which envelope (38) is tubular over at least part of its length, and in that the displacement means comprise a guide member (58) fitted on the tubular part (38A) of the envelope, in order to ensure the sliding of the heat shield (54) on the envelope (38). Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de guidage (58) est muni de deux brides (66, 68) accouplées, enserrant un joint torique (74) de serrage appliqué contre la surface extérieure de la partie tubulaire (38A) de l'enveloppe (38), ainsi que de moyens (70) de serrage des deux brides l'une sur l'autre, afin de comprimer le joint torique (74) assurant ainsi un maintien en position de l'écran thermique (54) par rapport à l'enveloppe (38) du brûleur.Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the member guide (58) is provided with two coupled flanges (66, 68), enclosing a clamping O-ring (74) applied against the outer surface of the tubular part (38A) of the envelope (38), as well as means (70) for tightening of the two flanges one on the other, in order to compress the O-ring (74) thus ensuring that the heat shield (54) is held in position by relative to the burner casing (38). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau réfractaire constituant ladite structure est un alumino-silicate comportant en masse x % de SiO2 et y % de Al2O3 avec un rapport x/y compris entre un tiers et deux tiers et notamment voisin de un demi.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the refractory material constituting said structure is an alumino-silicate comprising by mass x% of SiO 2 and y% of Al 2 O 3 with a ratio x / including between a third and two thirds and in particular close to a half. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la somme x + y des pourcentages en masse de SiO2 et de Al2O3 est supérieure à 90 %.Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the sum x + y of the percentages by mass of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 is greater than 90%. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que ladite structure est un pisé ayant subi, avant montage, une étape de cuisson à une température supérieure à 1000°C.Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that said structure is an adobe having undergone, before assembly, a cooking step at a temperature above 1000 ° C. Dispositif de chauffe comportant un brûleur (24) adapté pour être monté au travers de la paroi (28) d'un four et un dispositif (52) de protection de la sortie d'éjection du brûleur (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Heating device comprising a burner (24) adapted to be mounted through the wall (28) of an oven and a protection device (52) of the burner ejection outlet (24) according to any one of previous claims.
    EP98402658A 1997-12-01 1998-10-26 Device for protecting the injection tip of a burner and heating device comprising it Expired - Lifetime EP0919769B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9715089A FR2771799B1 (en) 1997-12-01 1997-12-01 PROTECTION DEVICE FOR THE INJECTION END OF A BURNER AND HEATING DEVICE COMPRISING SAME
    FR9715089 1997-12-01

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0919769A1 true EP0919769A1 (en) 1999-06-02
    EP0919769B1 EP0919769B1 (en) 2003-07-02

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    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP98402658A Expired - Lifetime EP0919769B1 (en) 1997-12-01 1998-10-26 Device for protecting the injection tip of a burner and heating device comprising it

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    US (1) US6089858A (en)
    EP (1) EP0919769B1 (en)
    JP (1) JPH11229009A (en)
    KR (1) KR19990062680A (en)
    AR (1) AR017774A1 (en)
    BR (1) BR9805317A (en)
    DE (1) DE69816000T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2203908T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2771799B1 (en)
    PL (1) PL330003A1 (en)
    PT (1) PT919769E (en)
    WO (1) WO1999028676A1 (en)

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    US6884064B1 (en) 2003-11-12 2005-04-26 Khd Humboldt Wedag Ag Burner mechanism for a rotary kiln
    CN109595547A (en) * 2017-09-30 2019-04-09 山东博研粉体技术装备有限公司 A kind of double thorax kiln spray guns

    Families Citing this family (3)

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    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US6688881B1 (en) * 2002-08-09 2004-02-10 Fitel Usa Corp. Torch mount for high deposition glass torches
    CN104846162A (en) * 2015-05-11 2015-08-19 夏云美 Flame jetting pipe for quenching
    RU2755239C1 (en) 2021-03-02 2021-09-14 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЭР ЛИКИД" Fuel-oxygen burner for melting furnace, system and method for controlling the ignition and flame control of such burner

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    EP0362997A1 (en) * 1988-08-26 1990-04-11 The Dow Chemical Company Burner nozzle assembly tip
    US4986748A (en) * 1989-12-15 1991-01-22 Corning Incorporated Wide range oxy-fuel burner and furnace operation
    US5267850A (en) * 1992-06-04 1993-12-07 Praxair Technology, Inc. Fuel jet burner
    EP0582521A1 (en) * 1992-08-06 1994-02-09 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Oxyfuel burners
    GB2280501A (en) * 1993-07-30 1995-02-01 Co Steel Sheerness Plc Burner mounting device
    US5785721A (en) * 1997-01-31 1998-07-28 Texaco Inc. Fuel injector nozzle with preheat sheath for reducing thermal shock damage

    Cited By (2)

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    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US6884064B1 (en) 2003-11-12 2005-04-26 Khd Humboldt Wedag Ag Burner mechanism for a rotary kiln
    CN109595547A (en) * 2017-09-30 2019-04-09 山东博研粉体技术装备有限公司 A kind of double thorax kiln spray guns

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP0919769B1 (en) 2003-07-02
    DE69816000D1 (en) 2003-08-07
    KR19990062680A (en) 1999-07-26
    JPH11229009A (en) 1999-08-24
    AR017774A1 (en) 2001-10-24
    PL330003A1 (en) 1999-06-07
    WO1999028676A1 (en) 1999-06-10
    PT919769E (en) 2003-11-28
    ES2203908T3 (en) 2004-04-16
    BR9805317A (en) 1999-11-09
    US6089858A (en) 2000-07-18
    DE69816000T2 (en) 2004-05-27
    FR2771799B1 (en) 1999-12-31
    FR2771799A1 (en) 1999-06-04

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