EP1908960A1 - Pump with electric motor, submerged in the liquid to be pumped - Google Patents

Pump with electric motor, submerged in the liquid to be pumped Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1908960A1
EP1908960A1 EP07117499A EP07117499A EP1908960A1 EP 1908960 A1 EP1908960 A1 EP 1908960A1 EP 07117499 A EP07117499 A EP 07117499A EP 07117499 A EP07117499 A EP 07117499A EP 1908960 A1 EP1908960 A1 EP 1908960A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifugal wheel
housing
bearing
motor
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP07117499A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabien Wahl
François Danguy
Patrice Fayolle
Jean-Yann Luend
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA SAS filed Critical SNECMA SAS
Publication of EP1908960A1 publication Critical patent/EP1908960A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/041—Axial thrust balancing
    • F04D29/0416—Axial thrust balancing balancing pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/0653—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the motor being flooded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/586—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/588—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for liquid pumps cooling or heating the machine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fully immersed electric motor pump, including the motor, in the fluid to be pumped.
  • a pump is for example used for pumping a cold liquid such as liquefied natural gas where said liquid is used as a cooling fluid for certain elements of the pump, in particular the electric motor, as well as for balancing axial dynamics of the rotating parts.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a new arrangement of auxiliary fluid circulation circuits, making it possible to perform these functions.
  • a type of pump in which the suction stage, located at the bottom of a housing, is surmounted by an electric drive motor, housed in the same housing.
  • the latter is designed to be immersed in the fluid to be pumped.
  • a pump of this kind can be used for pumping liquefied natural gas contained in a tank.
  • the pump is immersed in the liquefied gas, preferably globally vertically to the bottom of the tank.
  • Such a pump is for example described in the patent U.S. Patent No. 3,652,186 .
  • the common shaft of the electric motor and the suction stage is supported by bearings.
  • the suction stage is followed by a centrifugal wheel connected to the shaft and the structure thereof is used to form an axial balancing system defined by a fluid circulation circuit, fluid to pump it. itself, arranged between the centrifugal wheel and the housing.
  • this balancing system relieves mechanical bearings. A small portion of the pumped fluid is thus taken to supply this balancing system.
  • the pump can operate in any position, it is specifically designed to be positioned vertically, with the suction stage at the bottom. This is why in the following description, we use the terms "lower” or “higher”, for example to define the position of one element relative to another.
  • the invention proposes to optimize the internal auxiliary circulation of fluid in the pump to improve the performance of the balancing system and those of the cooling flows.
  • the invention mainly relates to a pump with an electric motor immersed in the fluid to be pumped, comprising a housing intended to be immersed in said fluid and housing, on the one hand, at least one centrifugal wheel and on the other hand a coaxial electric motor surmounting said centrifugal wheel and comprising a stator integral with said housing and a rotor integral with a shaft coupled to said centrifugal wheel, a first bearing mounted between said shaft and said housing being installed between said centrifugal wheel and said motor, and an axial balancing system being defined by a fluid circulation circuit arranged between said centrifugal wheel and said casing, characterized in that it further comprises at least one fluidic cooling circuit, in particular for said motor and / or said first rolling, and in that said supply circuit of said axial balancing system is independent of the or each cooling circuit is lying.
  • the available pressure for each function (dynamic balancing and cooling) is maximum and the temperature is minimum. These two conditions combined proved to be important for a good functioning of the axial balancing system and the cooling circuits.
  • the invention also makes it possible to eliminate the risks of internal vaporization (cavitation) of the fluid circulating in the auxiliary circuits defined above.
  • the fluidic cooling circuit of the electric motor passes through the air gap of the latter.
  • the motor is installed in an inner casing of the casing, defining therein a lower chamber (between said first bearing and the motor) and an upper chamber above the motor.
  • the engine cooling circuit has inlet ports in the wall of the inner liner and communicating between a discharge duct downstream of said centrifugal wheel and the lower chamber. At least one discharge duct communicating with the upper chamber is provided to reintroduce the fluid used for cooling into the tank where it is stored.
  • the axial balancing system comprises a high pressure flow space defined between the housing and a bottom face (front) of said centrifugal wheel and a low pressure flow space defined between the housing and an upper (rear) face. of the same centrifugal wheel, said low pressure flow space being limited radially internally by an annular passage forming an axially variable flow restriction. Reinjection channels are provided in said centrifugal wheel between an annular discharge space and the inlet of the centrifugal wheel (where the fluid is at a lower pressure). The annular discharge space is defined around the shaft radially inwardly of said annular variable flow restricting passage.
  • the pump shown comprises a housing 12, generally cylindrical, housing a suction stage 14 and an electric motor 16.
  • the latter comprises a stator 18 secured to the housing and a rotor 20 provided with a drive shaft 22 whose axis coincides with that of the suction stage.
  • the shaft 22 is mechanically coupled to the suction stage 14 which mainly comprises an Archimedean screw drive unit, hereinafter referred to as the inductor 26.
  • the suction stage is surmounted by a centrifugal wheel 28 , known in itself.
  • a rectifier 30 whose fixed vanes 31 are integral with the casing is installed coaxially between the inductor 26 and the centrifugal wheel 28. Under normal operating conditions the pump is designed to be positioned at least approximately vertically and immersed in the fluid.
  • the pumping inlet 35 is defined in the vicinity of this lower end 34.
  • the inductor 26 the rectifier 30, the centrifugal wheel 28 and the electric motor 16 driving the shaft 22.
  • This shaft and the rotating parts of the pump which are integral therewith are supported by two ball bearings , Coaxial and spaced apart on both sides of the engine, a first bearing 38, main, located between the suction stage 14 and the motor 16, more precisely just above the centrifugal wheel 28, and a second bearing 40, located above the engine.
  • the inner cage is fixed to the shaft while the outer cage is slidably mounted in a bore of the housing 12 so that all of the rotating elements of the pump can move in the longitudinal direction of the housing. tree.
  • Said first bearing 38 is installed in the center of a transverse wall 44 of the housing, which separates the suction stage of the engine.
  • the stator of the electric motor is integral with an inner liner 46 of the housing, coaxial with the shaft, so that the air gap 48 of the motor, defined between the outside of the rotor and the inside of the stator, establishes a communication between a lower chamber 50 of said inner liner (extending between said first bearing and the lower end of the engine) and an upper chamber 52 of said inner liner extending between the engine and said second bearing.
  • said inner liner is filled with the fluid to be pumped.
  • An annular duct 54 communicating with the outlet 56 of the centrifugal wheel 28 extends around said inner liner 46 and opens at its upper part in a discharge duct 58 of the pumped fluid.
  • a dynamic balancing system 60 defined by a double pumped fluid circulation circuit is arranged between the centrifugal wheel and the housing.
  • This balancing system comprises a high pressure flow space 62 defined between the housing and a lower face of the centrifugal wheel and a low pressure flow space 64 defined between the housing (more particularly said transverse wall 44 in which is mounted said first bearing) and an upper face of the centrifugal wheel.
  • the high pressure flow space 62 defined between said housing and said lower face extends annularly between the high pressure outlet 56 of the centrifugal wheel and the inlet 66, low pressure, of this same wheel.
  • a first labyrinth seal 68 (or similar calibrated annular flow restriction) is arranged between the innermost radial end of this high pressure flow space and said low pressure inlet. The entry of this high-pressure flow space is located at the outlet of the centrifugal wheel, without flow restriction.
  • the low pressure flow space 64 defined between said transverse wall 44 of the housing and said upper face of the centrifugal wheel extends annularly between a second labyrinth seal 70 (establishing a calibrated communication with the high pressure outlet of the centrifugal wheel ) and an annular passage 72 forming variable flow restriction, defined radially internally with respect to said second labyrinth seal 70.
  • This annular passage is created between two coaxial annular ribs and facing one another, a rib 74 projecting from the upper face of the centrifugal wheel and a rib 76 projecting from the transverse face of the housing bearing said first bearing. .
  • the annular passage constitutes a variable flow restriction because the shaft, to which the centrifugal wheel is attached, is slightly movable in its longitudinal direction, as indicated above.
  • annular discharge space 78 is defined radially internally with respect to the annular passageway 72, i.e. between it and the shaft. It communicates with the inlet 66, low pressure, the centrifugal wheel by reinjection channels 80 made in this wheel. Thus, said annular discharge space is permanently at substantially the low pressure prevailing at the inlet of the centrifugal wheel.
  • said second bearing 40 maintains the upper end of the shaft. It is installed in an axial cavity 84 extending upwards the upper chamber 52. At least one discharge duct 86 (returning to the reservoir in which the pump plunges) communicates with this cavity and thus with said upper chamber 52.
  • the or each discharge duct is equipped with a flow calibration element 88.
  • said second bearing 40 is therefore installed between the upper chamber and the or each discharge duct.
  • the pressure in the latter is therefore almost equal to the high pressure at the exit of the centrifugal wheel.
  • the housing of the first bearing 38 communicates with the annular discharge space 78 via a calibrated annular flow restriction seal 92.
  • fluidic cooling circuits (using part of the pumped fluid) are independent of the double fluid circulation circuit of the axial balancing system defined above.
  • the fluidic supply circuit of the balancing system consists essentially of the high pressure flow space 62 and the low pressure flow space 64, defined above.
  • the annular discharge space 78 at low pressure does not intervene in the balancing system.
  • the engine cooling circuit is established between the inlet ports 90 formed in the jacket and the flow restriction (s) 88 and therefore comprises the lower chamber 50, the air gap 48 of the engine, the upper chamber 52 (and the axial cavity 84) or the discharge duct (s) 86 and the flow restriction (s) 88.
  • the fluid is reintroduced at the inlet of the pump.
  • the cooling circuit of the first bearing 38 is supplied by the orifices 90 and comprises the lower chamber 50, the seal 92, the annular discharge space 78 and the reinjection channels 80 returning the fluid to the inlet of the centrifugal wheel.
  • the cooling circuit of the second bearing 40 is the same as that of the electric motor 16.
  • the cooling of the second bearing is less crucial than that of the first bearing and can therefore be combined with that of the electric motor.

Abstract

The pump has a casing plunged into a fluid. A centrifugal wheel (28) is provided on the casing. A coaxial electric motor (16) surmounts the centrifugal wheel. A stator is integral with the casing. A rotor is integral with a shaft (22), which is coupled to the centrifugal wheel. An axial balancing system (60) is defined by a fluid circulation circuit provided between the centrifugal wheel and the casing. A fluid cooling circuit (90) is provided for the motor and a rolling bearing. A supply circuit of the axial balancing system is independent of the cooling circuit.

Description

L'invention se rapporte à une pompe à moteur électrique totalement immergée, y compris le moteur, dans le fluide à pomper. Une telle pompe est par exemple utilisée pour le pompage d'un liquide froid tel que du gaz naturel liquéfié où ledit liquide est utilisé en tant que fluide de refroidissement de certains éléments de la pompe, notamment le moteur électrique, ainsi que pour l'équilibrage dynamique axial des parties rotatives. L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un nouvel agencement des circuits de circulation auxiliaire du fluide, permettant de réaliser ces fonctions.The invention relates to a fully immersed electric motor pump, including the motor, in the fluid to be pumped. Such a pump is for example used for pumping a cold liquid such as liquefied natural gas where said liquid is used as a cooling fluid for certain elements of the pump, in particular the electric motor, as well as for balancing axial dynamics of the rotating parts. The invention relates more particularly to a new arrangement of auxiliary fluid circulation circuits, making it possible to perform these functions.

On connaît un type de pompe dans lequel l'étage d'aspiration, situé en partie basse d'un boîtier, est surmonté par un moteur électrique d'entraînement, logé dans le même boîtier. Ce dernier est conçu pour être plongé dans le fluide à pomper. Par exemple, une pompe de ce genre peut être utilisée pour le pompage du gaz naturel liquéfié contenu dans une cuve. La pompe est immergée dans le gaz liquéfié, de préférence globalement verticalement jusqu'au fond de la cuve. Une telle pompe est par exemple décrite dans le brevet US n° 3 652 186 . L'arbre commun du moteur électrique et de l'étage d'aspiration est supporté par des roulements.A type of pump is known in which the suction stage, located at the bottom of a housing, is surmounted by an electric drive motor, housed in the same housing. The latter is designed to be immersed in the fluid to be pumped. For example, a pump of this kind can be used for pumping liquefied natural gas contained in a tank. The pump is immersed in the liquefied gas, preferably globally vertically to the bottom of the tank. Such a pump is for example described in the patent U.S. Patent No. 3,652,186 . The common shaft of the electric motor and the suction stage is supported by bearings.

L'étage d'aspiration est suivi d'une roue centrifuge liée à l'arbre et la structure de celle-ci est mise à profit pour former un système d'équilibrage axial défini par un circuit de circulation fluidique, du fluide à pomper lui-même, agencé entre la roue centrifuge et le boîtier. En fonctionnement, ce système d'équilibrage soulage les roulements mécaniques. Une faible partie du fluide pompé est donc prélevée pour alimenter ce système d'équilibrage.The suction stage is followed by a centrifugal wheel connected to the shaft and the structure thereof is used to form an axial balancing system defined by a fluid circulation circuit, fluid to pump it. itself, arranged between the centrifugal wheel and the housing. In operation, this balancing system relieves mechanical bearings. A small portion of the pumped fluid is thus taken to supply this balancing system.

Il est aussi connu de prélever du fluide pompé pour refroidir certains éléments de la pompe, notamment le moteur électrique et au moins un roulement mécanique, particulièrement le roulement principal, situé près du système d'équilibrage fluidique.It is also known to take pumped fluid to cool certain elements of the pump, including the electric motor and at least one mechanical bearing, particularly the main bearing, located near the fluid balancing system.

Bien que la pompe puisse fonctionner dans toute position, elle est plus particulièrement conçue pour être positionnée verticalement, avec l'étage d'aspiration en bas. C'est pourquoi dans la suite de la description, on utilisera les termes "inférieur" ou "supérieur", par exemple pour définir la position d'un élément par rapport à un autre.Although the pump can operate in any position, it is specifically designed to be positioned vertically, with the suction stage at the bottom. This is why in the following description, we use the terms "lower" or "higher", for example to define the position of one element relative to another.

L'invention propose d'optimiser les circulations auxiliaires internes de fluide dans la pompe pour améliorer les performances du système d'équilibrage et celles des flux de refroidissement.The invention proposes to optimize the internal auxiliary circulation of fluid in the pump to improve the performance of the balancing system and those of the cooling flows.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne principalement une pompe à moteur électrique immergée dans le fluide à pomper, comprenant un boîtier destiné à être plongé dans ledit fluide et abritant, d'une part, au moins une roue centrifuge et, d'autre part, un moteur électrique coaxial surmontant ladite roue centrifuge et comportant un stator solidaire dudit boîtier et un rotor solidaire d'un arbre couplé à ladite roue centrifuge, un premier roulement monté entre ledit arbre et ledit boîtier étant installé entre ladite roue centrifuge et ledit moteur, et un système d'équilibrage axial étant défini par un circuit de circulation de fluide agencé entre ladite roue centrifuge et ledit boîtier, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte en outre au moins un circuit de refroidissement fluidique, notamment pour ledit moteur et/ou ledit premier roulement, et en ce que ledit circuit d'alimentation dudit système d'équilibrage axial est indépendant du ou de chaque circuit de refroidissement.To this end, the invention mainly relates to a pump with an electric motor immersed in the fluid to be pumped, comprising a housing intended to be immersed in said fluid and housing, on the one hand, at least one centrifugal wheel and on the other hand a coaxial electric motor surmounting said centrifugal wheel and comprising a stator integral with said housing and a rotor integral with a shaft coupled to said centrifugal wheel, a first bearing mounted between said shaft and said housing being installed between said centrifugal wheel and said motor, and an axial balancing system being defined by a fluid circulation circuit arranged between said centrifugal wheel and said casing, characterized in that it further comprises at least one fluidic cooling circuit, in particular for said motor and / or said first rolling, and in that said supply circuit of said axial balancing system is independent of the or each cooling circuit is lying.

Dans ces conditions, la pression disponible pour chaque fonction (équilibrage dynamique et refroidissement) est maximum et la température est minimum. Ces deux conditions réunies se sont révélées importantes pour un bon fonctionnement du système d'équilibrage axial et des circuits de refroidissement. L'invention permet aussi d'éliminer les risques de vaporisation interne (cavitation) du fluide circulant dans les circuits auxiliaires définis ci-dessus.Under these conditions, the available pressure for each function (dynamic balancing and cooling) is maximum and the temperature is minimum. These two conditions combined proved to be important for a good functioning of the axial balancing system and the cooling circuits. The invention also makes it possible to eliminate the risks of internal vaporization (cavitation) of the fluid circulating in the auxiliary circuits defined above.

De plus, les différents circuits auxiliaires de circulation de fluide sont faciles à implanter dans la pompe.In addition, the various fluid circulation auxiliary circuits are easy to implement in the pump.

Avantageusement, le circuit de refroidissement fluidique du moteur électrique traverse l'entrefer de ce dernier.Advantageously, the fluidic cooling circuit of the electric motor passes through the air gap of the latter.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le moteur est installé dans une chemise intérieure du boîtier, définissant dans celle-ci une chambre inférieure (entre ledit premier roulement et le moteur) et une chambre supérieure au-dessus du moteur. Le circuit de refroidissement du moteur comporte des orifices d'entrée pratiqués dans la paroi de la chemise intérieure et établissant une communication entre un conduit d'évacuation en aval de ladite roue centrifuge et la chambre inférieure. Au moins un conduit de décharge communiquant avec la chambre supérieure est prévu pour réintroduire le fluide utilisé pour le refroidissement dans le réservoir où il est stocké.According to one embodiment, the motor is installed in an inner casing of the casing, defining therein a lower chamber (between said first bearing and the motor) and an upper chamber above the motor. The engine cooling circuit has inlet ports in the wall of the inner liner and communicating between a discharge duct downstream of said centrifugal wheel and the lower chamber. At least one discharge duct communicating with the upper chamber is provided to reintroduce the fluid used for cooling into the tank where it is stored.

Le système d'équilibrage axial comprend un espace d'écoulement à haute pression défini entre le boîtier et une face inférieure (avant) de ladite roue centrifuge et un espace d'écoulement à basse pression défini entre le boîtier et une face supérieure (arrière) de cette même roue centrifuge, ledit espace d'écoulement à basse pression étant limité radialement intérieurement par un passage annulaire formant restriction d'écoulement variable axialement. Des canaux de réinjection sont pratiqués dans ladite roue centrifuge entre un espace annulaire de décharge et l'entrée de la roue centrifuge (où le fluide se trouve à une pression plus basse). L'espace annulaire de décharge est défini autour de l'arbre, radialement intérieurement par rapport au dit passage annulaire formant restriction d'écoulement variable.The axial balancing system comprises a high pressure flow space defined between the housing and a bottom face (front) of said centrifugal wheel and a low pressure flow space defined between the housing and an upper (rear) face. of the same centrifugal wheel, said low pressure flow space being limited radially internally by an annular passage forming an axially variable flow restriction. Reinjection channels are provided in said centrifugal wheel between an annular discharge space and the inlet of the centrifugal wheel (where the fluid is at a lower pressure). The annular discharge space is defined around the shaft radially inwardly of said annular variable flow restricting passage.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'une pompe conforme à son principe, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel :

  • la figure unique représente une vue en coupe et en élévation de la pompe conforme à l'invention.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the following description of a pump according to its principle, given solely by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawing. in which :
  • the single figure shows a sectional and elevational view of the pump according to the invention.

La pompe représentée comporte un boîtier 12, globalement cylindrique, abritant un étage d'aspiration 14 et un moteur électrique 16. Ce dernier comporte un stator 18 solidaire du boîtier et un rotor 20 muni d'un arbre d'entraînement 22 dont l'axe coïncide avec celui de l'étage d'aspiration. L'arbre 22 est mécaniquement couplé à l'étage d'aspiration 14 qui comporte principalement une unité d'entraînement à vis d'Archimède, ci-après appelée inducteur 26. L'étage d'aspiration est surmonté d'une roue centrifuge 28, connue en soi. Un redresseur 30 dont les aubes fixes 31 sont solidaires du boîtier est installé coaxialement entre l'inducteur 26 et la roue centrifuge 28. Dans les conditions normales d'exploitation la pompe est conçue pour être positionnée au moins approximativement verticalement et immergée dans le fluide à pomper avec l'extrémité 34 du boîtier, la plus proche de l'inducteur, placée en partie basse. L'entrée de pompage 35 est définie au voisinage de cette extrémité inférieure 34. Dans ces conditions, c'est-à-dire en considérant la pompe dressée verticalement, on trouve successivement dans le boîtier, de bas en haut, l'inducteur 26, le redresseur 30, la roue centrifuge 28 et le moteur électrique 16 entraînant l'arbre 22. Cet arbre ainsi que les parties tournantes de la pompe qui lui sont solidaires sont supportés par deux roulements à billes, coaxiaux et espacés de part et d'autre du moteur, un premier roulement 38, principal, situé entre l'étage d'aspiration 14 et le moteur 16, plus précisément juste au-dessus de la roue centrifuge 28, et un second roulement 40, situé au-dessus du moteur. Pour chaque roulement, la cage intérieure est fixée à l'arbre tandis que la cage extérieure est montée en coulissement dans un alésage du boîtier 12 de sorte que l'ensemble des éléments tournants de la pompe peut se déplacer suivant la direction longitudinale de l'arbre.The pump shown comprises a housing 12, generally cylindrical, housing a suction stage 14 and an electric motor 16. The latter comprises a stator 18 secured to the housing and a rotor 20 provided with a drive shaft 22 whose axis coincides with that of the suction stage. The shaft 22 is mechanically coupled to the suction stage 14 which mainly comprises an Archimedean screw drive unit, hereinafter referred to as the inductor 26. The suction stage is surmounted by a centrifugal wheel 28 , known in itself. A rectifier 30 whose fixed vanes 31 are integral with the casing is installed coaxially between the inductor 26 and the centrifugal wheel 28. Under normal operating conditions the pump is designed to be positioned at least approximately vertically and immersed in the fluid. pump with the end 34 of the housing, the closest to the inductor, placed at the bottom. The pumping inlet 35 is defined in the vicinity of this lower end 34. Under these conditions, that is to say considering the pump standing upright, one finds successively in the housing, from bottom to top, the inductor 26, the rectifier 30, the centrifugal wheel 28 and the electric motor 16 driving the shaft 22. This shaft and the rotating parts of the pump which are integral therewith are supported by two ball bearings , Coaxial and spaced apart on both sides of the engine, a first bearing 38, main, located between the suction stage 14 and the motor 16, more precisely just above the centrifugal wheel 28, and a second bearing 40, located above the engine. For each bearing, the inner cage is fixed to the shaft while the outer cage is slidably mounted in a bore of the housing 12 so that all of the rotating elements of the pump can move in the longitudinal direction of the housing. tree.

Ledit premier roulement 38 est installé au centre d'une paroi transversale 44 du boîtier, qui sépare l'étage d'aspiration du moteur. Le stator du moteur électrique est solidaire d'une chemise intérieure 46 du boîtier, coaxiale à l'arbre, en sorte que l'entrefer 48 du moteur, défini entre l'extérieur du rotor et l'intérieur du stator, établit une communication entre une chambre inférieure 50 de ladite chemise intérieure (s'étendant entre ledit premier roulement et l'extrémité inférieure du moteur) et une chambre supérieure 52 de ladite chemise intérieure, s'étendant entre le moteur et ledit second roulement. En fonctionnement, ladite chemise intérieure est remplie par le fluide à pomper.Said first bearing 38 is installed in the center of a transverse wall 44 of the housing, which separates the suction stage of the engine. The stator of the electric motor is integral with an inner liner 46 of the housing, coaxial with the shaft, so that the air gap 48 of the motor, defined between the outside of the rotor and the inside of the stator, establishes a communication between a lower chamber 50 of said inner liner (extending between said first bearing and the lower end of the engine) and an upper chamber 52 of said inner liner extending between the engine and said second bearing. In operation, said inner liner is filled with the fluid to be pumped.

Un conduit annulaire 54 communiquant avec la sortie 56 de la roue centrifuge 28 s'étend autour de ladite chemise intérieure 46 et débouche à sa partie supérieure dans un conduit d'évacuation 58 du fluide pompé.An annular duct 54 communicating with the outlet 56 of the centrifugal wheel 28 extends around said inner liner 46 and opens at its upper part in a discharge duct 58 of the pumped fluid.

Un système d'équilibrage dynamique 60 défini par un double circuit de circulation de fluide pompé est agencé entre la roue centrifuge et le boîtier. Ce système d'équilibrage comprend un espace d'écoulement à haute pression 62 défini entre le boîtier et une face inférieure de la roue centrifuge et un espace d'écoulement à basse pression 64 défini entre le boîtier (plus particulièrement ladite paroi transversale 44 dans laquelle est monté ledit premier roulement) et une face supérieure de la roue centrifuge.A dynamic balancing system 60 defined by a double pumped fluid circulation circuit is arranged between the centrifugal wheel and the housing. This balancing system comprises a high pressure flow space 62 defined between the housing and a lower face of the centrifugal wheel and a low pressure flow space 64 defined between the housing (more particularly said transverse wall 44 in which is mounted said first bearing) and an upper face of the centrifugal wheel.

L'espace d'écoulement à haute pression 62 défini entre ledit boîtier et ladite face inférieure s'étend annulairement entre la sortie 56 haute pression de la roue centrifuge et l'entrée 66, basse pression, de cette même roue. Un premier joint labyrinthe 68 (ou restriction d'écoulement annulaire calibrée analogue) est agencé entre l'extrémité radiale la plus interne de cet espace d'écoulement haute pression et ladite entrée basse pression. L'entrée de cet espace d'écoulement à haute pression se situe à la sortie même de la roue centrifuge, sans restriction d'écoulement.The high pressure flow space 62 defined between said housing and said lower face extends annularly between the high pressure outlet 56 of the centrifugal wheel and the inlet 66, low pressure, of this same wheel. A first labyrinth seal 68 (or similar calibrated annular flow restriction) is arranged between the innermost radial end of this high pressure flow space and said low pressure inlet. The entry of this high-pressure flow space is located at the outlet of the centrifugal wheel, without flow restriction.

L'espace d'écoulement à basse pression 64 défini entre ladite paroi transversale 44 du boîtier et ladite face supérieure de la roue centrifuge s'étend annulairement entre un deuxième joint labyrinthe 70 (établissant une communication calibrée avec la sortie haute pression de la roue centrifuge) et un passage annulaire 72 formant restriction d'écoulement variable, défini radialement intérieurement par rapport audit deuxième joint labyrinthe 70.The low pressure flow space 64 defined between said transverse wall 44 of the housing and said upper face of the centrifugal wheel extends annularly between a second labyrinth seal 70 (establishing a calibrated communication with the high pressure outlet of the centrifugal wheel ) and an annular passage 72 forming variable flow restriction, defined radially internally with respect to said second labyrinth seal 70.

Ce passage annulaire est créé entre deux nervures annulaires coaxiales et en regard l'une de l'autre, une nervure 74 faisant saillie de la face supérieure de la roue centrifuge et une nervure 76 faisant saillie de la face transversale du boîtier portant ledit premier roulement. Le passage annulaire constitue une restriction d'écoulement variable du fait que l'arbre, auquel est fixée la roue centrifuge, est légèrement mobile selon sa direction longitudinale, comme indiqué précédemment.This annular passage is created between two coaxial annular ribs and facing one another, a rib 74 projecting from the upper face of the centrifugal wheel and a rib 76 projecting from the transverse face of the housing bearing said first bearing. . The annular passage constitutes a variable flow restriction because the shaft, to which the centrifugal wheel is attached, is slightly movable in its longitudinal direction, as indicated above.

Un espace annulaire de décharge 78 est défini radialement intérieurement par rapport au passage annulaire 72, c'est-à-dire entre celui-ci et l'arbre. Il communique avec l'entrée 66, basse pression, de la roue centrifuge par des canaux de réinjection 80 pratiqués dans cette roue. Ainsi, ledit espace annulaire de décharge se trouve en permanence pratiquement à la basse pression qui règne à l'entrée de la roue centrifuge.An annular discharge space 78 is defined radially internally with respect to the annular passageway 72, i.e. between it and the shaft. It communicates with the inlet 66, low pressure, the centrifugal wheel by reinjection channels 80 made in this wheel. Thus, said annular discharge space is permanently at substantially the low pressure prevailing at the inlet of the centrifugal wheel.

Le fonctionnement du système d'équilibrage axial est le suivant.The operation of the axial balancing system is as follows.

Au repos, la masse de l'ensemble des éléments rotatifs liés à l'arbre entraîne l'ouverture du passage annulaire 72 à son maximum.At rest, the mass of all the rotary elements connected to the shaft causes the opening of the annular passage 72 to its maximum.

En fonctionnement, les positions respectives des joints labyrinthes 68 et 70 par rapport aux espace d'écoulement à haute pression 62 et basse pression 64, respectivement, engendrent une force ascendante sur la roue centrifuge et par voie de conséquence sur l'ensemble des éléments rotatifs liés à l'arbre. Cette force tend à réduire l'ouverture du passage annulaire 72, ce qui a tendance à augmenter la pression dans l'espace d'écoulement basse pression 64 et donc à rappeler la roue centrifuge vers le bas.In operation, the respective positions of the labyrinth seals 68 and 70 with respect to the high pressure 62 and low pressure flow spaces 64, respectively, generate an upward force on the centrifugal wheel and consequently on all the rotating elements. related to the tree. This force tends to reduce the opening of the annular passage 72, which tends to increase the pressure in the low pressure flow space 64 and thus to return the centrifugal wheel down.

Un équilibre s'établit ce qui a pour effet de soulager la charge axiale du roulement 38, les deux nervures annulaires restant distantes l'une de l'autre d'une distance variable engendrant un effet de régulation.An equilibrium is established which has the effect of relieving the axial load of the bearing 38, the two annular ribs remaining distant from each other by a variable distance generating a regulating effect.

Par ailleurs, ledit second roulement 40 maintient l'extrémité supérieure de l'arbre. Il est installé dans une cavité axiale 84 prolongeant vers le haut la chambre supérieure 52. Au moins un conduit de décharge 86 (faisant retour au réservoir dans lequel plonge la pompe) communique avec cette cavité donc avec ladite chambre supérieure 52.Moreover, said second bearing 40 maintains the upper end of the shaft. It is installed in an axial cavity 84 extending upwards the upper chamber 52. At least one discharge duct 86 (returning to the reservoir in which the pump plunges) communicates with this cavity and thus with said upper chamber 52.

Le ou chaque conduit de décharge est équipé d'un élément de calibrage de débit 88.The or each discharge duct is equipped with a flow calibration element 88.

Dans l'exemple décrit, ledit second roulement 40 est donc installé entre la chambre supérieure et le ou chaque conduit de décharge.In the example described, said second bearing 40 is therefore installed between the upper chamber and the or each discharge duct.

Des orifices d'entrée 90 pratiqués dans la chemise 46 abritant le moteur, établissent une communication entre le conduit annulaire 54 d'évacuation du fluide pompé, à la sortie 56 de la roue centrifuge, et ladite chambre inférieure. La pression qui règne dans celle-ci est donc pratiquement égale à la haute pression qui règne à la sortie de la roue centrifuge.Inlets 90 made in the sleeve 46 housing the motor, establish communication between the annular conduit 54 for discharging the pumped fluid at the outlet 56 of the centrifugal wheel, and said lower chamber. The pressure in the latter is therefore almost equal to the high pressure at the exit of the centrifugal wheel.

Le logement du premier roulement 38 communique avec l'espace annulaire de décharge 78 via un joint 92 formant restriction d'écoulement annulaire calibré.The housing of the first bearing 38 communicates with the annular discharge space 78 via a calibrated annular flow restriction seal 92.

Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, des circuits de refroidissement fluidique (utilisant une partie du fluide pompé) sont indépendants du double circuit de circulation de fluide du système d'équilibrage axial défini ci-dessus.According to an important characteristic of the invention, fluidic cooling circuits (using part of the pumped fluid) are independent of the double fluid circulation circuit of the axial balancing system defined above.

En effet, le circuit fluidique d'alimentation du système d'équilibrage se compose essentiellement de l'espace d'écoulement à haute pression 62 et de l'espace d'écoulement à basse pression 64, définis plus haut. L'espace annulaire de décharge 78 à basse pression n'intervient pas dans le système d'équilibrage. Par ailleurs, le circuit de refroidissement du moteur s'établit entre les orifices d'entrée 90 pratiqués dans la chemise et la ou les restriction(s) d'écoulement 88 et comporte donc la chambre inférieure 50, l'entrefer 48 du moteur, la chambre supérieure 52 (et la cavité axiale 84) le ou les conduit(s) de décharge 86 et la ou les restriction(s) d'écoulement 88. Le fluide est réintroduit à l'entrée de la pompe. Par ailleurs, le circuit de refroidissement du premier roulement 38 est alimenté par les orifices 90 et comprend la chambre inférieure 50, le joint 92, l'espace annulaire de décharge 78 et les canaux de réinjection 80 ramenant le fluide à l'entrée de la roue centrifuge.Indeed, the fluidic supply circuit of the balancing system consists essentially of the high pressure flow space 62 and the low pressure flow space 64, defined above. The annular discharge space 78 at low pressure does not intervene in the balancing system. Furthermore, the engine cooling circuit is established between the inlet ports 90 formed in the jacket and the flow restriction (s) 88 and therefore comprises the lower chamber 50, the air gap 48 of the engine, the upper chamber 52 (and the axial cavity 84) or the discharge duct (s) 86 and the flow restriction (s) 88. The fluid is reintroduced at the inlet of the pump. Furthermore, the cooling circuit of the first bearing 38 is supplied by the orifices 90 and comprises the lower chamber 50, the seal 92, the annular discharge space 78 and the reinjection channels 80 returning the fluid to the inlet of the centrifugal wheel.

Enfin, le circuit de refroidissement du deuxième roulement 40 est le même que celui du moteur électrique 16. Le refroidissement du deuxième roulement est moins crucial que celui du premier roulement et peut donc être combiné avec celui du moteur électrique.Finally, the cooling circuit of the second bearing 40 is the same as that of the electric motor 16. The cooling of the second bearing is less crucial than that of the first bearing and can therefore be combined with that of the electric motor.

Claims (9)

Pompe à moteur électrique immergée dans le fluide à pomper, comprenant un boîtier destiné à être plongé dans ledit fluide et abritant, d'une part, au moins une roue centrifuge (28) et, d'autre part, un moteur électrique (16), coaxial, surmontant ladite roue centrifuge et comportant un stator solidaire dudit boîtier et un rotor solidaire d'un arbre (22) couplé à ladite roue centrifuge, un premier roulement (38) monté entre ledit arbre et ledit boîtier étant installé entre ladite roue centrifuge et ledit moteur, et un système d'équilibrage axial étant défini par un circuit de circulation de fluide agencé entre ladite roue centrifuge et ledit boîtier, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un circuit de refroidissement fluidique (90, 50, 48, 52, 86), notamment pour ledit moteur et/ou ledit premier roulement, et en ce que ledit circuit d'alimentation dudit système d'équilibrage axial est indépendant du ou de chaque circuit de refroidissement.Pump with an electric motor immersed in the fluid to be pumped, comprising a casing intended to be immersed in said fluid and housing, on the one hand, at least one centrifugal wheel (28) and, on the other hand, an electric motor (16) , coaxial, overlying said centrifugal wheel and having a stator integral with said housing and a rotor integral with a shaft (22) coupled to said centrifugal wheel, a first bearing (38) mounted between said shaft and said housing being installed between said centrifugal wheel and said motor, and an axial balancing system being defined by a fluid circulation circuit arranged between said centrifugal wheel and said housing, characterized in that it comprises at least one fluidic cooling circuit (90, 50, 48, 52, 86), in particular for said motor and / or said first bearing, and in that said supply circuit of said axial balancing system is independent of the or each cooling circuit. Pompe selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit circuit de refroidissement fluidique dudit moteur traverse l'entrefer (48) dudit moteur.Pump according to claim 1, characterized in that said fluidic cooling circuit of said motor passes through the gap (48) of said motor. Pompe selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que ledit moteur (16) est installé dans une chemise intérieure définissant dans celle-ci une chambre inférieure (50) entre ledit premier roulement (38) et le moteur (16) et une chambre supérieure (52) au-dessus dudit moteur, et en ce que le circuit de refroidissement du moteur s'étend entre des orifices d'entrée (90) établissant une communication entre un conduit d'évacuation dudit fluide pompé et ladite chambre inférieure et au moins un conduit de décharge (86) communiquant avec la chambre supérieure.Pump according to claim 2, characterized in that said motor (16) is installed in an inner liner defining therein a lower chamber (50) between said first bearing (38) and the motor (16) and an upper chamber ( 52) above said engine, and in that the engine cooling circuit extends between inlet ports (90) providing communication between a discharge conduit of said pumped fluid and said lower chamber and at least one discharge duct (86) communicating with the upper chamber. Pompe selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le ou chaque conduit de décharge est équipé d'un élément de calibrage de débit (88).Pump according to claim 3, characterized in that the or each discharge duct is equipped with a flow calibration element (88). Pompe selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce qu'un second roulement (40) est monté entre ledit arbre et ledit boîtier, dans ladite chambre supérieure.Pump according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a second bearing (40) is mounted between said shaft and said housing in said upper chamber. Pompe selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que ledit second roulement (40) est installé entre ladite chambre supérieure (52) et le ou chaque conduit de décharge (86).Pump according to claim 5, characterized in that said second bearing (40) is installed between said upper chamber (52) and the or each discharge duct (86). Pompe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ledit système d'équilibrage axial (60) comprend un espace d'écoulement à haute pression (62) défini entre ledit boîtier et une face inférieure de ladite roue centrifuge (28) et un espace d'écoulement à basse pression (64) défini entre ledit boîtier et une face supérieure de ladite roue centrifuge, et limité radialement intérieurement par un passage annulaire (72) formant restriction d'écoulement variable axialement, des canaux de réinjection (80) étant pratiqués dans ladite roue centrifuge entre un espace annulaire de décharge (78) et l'entrée (66) de ladite roue centrifuge, ledit espace annulaire de décharge étant défini autour dudit arbre, radialement intérieurement par rapport audit passage annulaire (72) formant restriction d'écoulement variable.Pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said axial balancing system (60) comprises a high pressure flow space (62) defined between said housing and a lower face of said centrifugal wheel (28) and a low pressure flow space (64) defined between said housing and an upper face of said centrifugal wheel and limited radially internally by an axially variable flow restricting annular passage (72), reinjection channels (80) being formed in said centrifugal wheel between an annular discharge space (78) and the inlet (66) of said centrifugal wheel, said annular discharge space being defined about said shaft radially inwardly of said annular restricting passage (72) variable flow. Pompe selon l'ensemble des revendications 3 et 7, caractérisée en ce que ledit premier roulement (38) communique avec ledit espace annulaire de décharge (78) en sorte que le circuit de refroidissement dudit premier roulement s'étend entre lesdits orifices d'entrée (90), et l'entrée de ladite roue centrifuge via ledit espace annulaire de décharge (78).Pump according to claims 3 and 7, characterized in that said first bearing (38) communicates with said annular discharge space (78) so that the cooling circuit of said first bearing extends between said inlet ports (90), and the inlet of said centrifugal wheel via said annular discharge space (78). Pompe selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un joint (92) formant restriction d'écoulement annulaire calibré est interposé entre le logement dudit premier roulement (38) et ledit espace annulaire de décharge.Pump according to claim 8, characterized in that a calibrated annular flow restriction seal (92) is interposed between the housing of said first bearing (38) and said annular discharge space.
EP07117499A 2006-09-28 2007-09-28 Pump with electric motor, submerged in the liquid to be pumped Ceased EP1908960A1 (en)

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FR0653986A FR2906580B1 (en) 2006-09-28 2006-09-28 PUMP WITH ELECTRIC MOTOR IMMERED IN THE PUMP FLUID

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US9297386B2 (en) 2010-09-13 2016-03-29 Zenit International S.A. Cooling systems for submersible pumps
CN111852897A (en) * 2020-07-10 2020-10-30 蓝添财 Submersible pump lift control method and pump structure thereof

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KR101272684B1 (en) * 2011-11-15 2013-06-10 한국항공우주연구원 Bearing cooling unit with forced circulation flow line and liquid fuel pump including the unit
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EP3171033A1 (en) * 2015-11-19 2017-05-24 Grundfos Holding A/S Multistage centrifugal pump with casing opening for the maintenance of an axial thrust balancing piston
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KR101812033B1 (en) * 2016-11-03 2018-01-25 뉴모텍(주) Pump for Circulating Water to prevent noise during transition state
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CN111852897B (en) * 2020-07-10 2021-08-13 中山市伊赫亚家电实业有限公司 Submersible pump lift control method and pump structure thereof

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US20080080988A1 (en) 2008-04-03
FR2906580A1 (en) 2008-04-04
FR2906580B1 (en) 2009-01-09
KR20080029772A (en) 2008-04-03

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